Describe tertiary protein residues. Medical search. Frequent questions

Repeat arrays of these proteins have been demonstrated or predicted to form almost identical tertiary structures: a right-handed super helix that wraps around the DNA double strand with the base specifying residue of each repeat positioned in the major groove next to its cognate target base. (uni-muenchen.de)
A number of bioinformatic tools have been proposed to explore two major structural databases (PDB, NDB) in order to analyze various aspects of RNA tertiary structures. (biomedcentral.com)
The RNA FRABASE 2.0 search engine algorithms operate on the database of the RNA sequences and the new library of RNA secondary structures, coded in the dot-bracket format extended to hold multi-stranded structures and to cover residues whose coordinates are missing in the PDB files. (biomedcentral.com)
This reservoir has dramatically increased in the past few years and it now contains over 1700 tertiary RNA structures, both, in the form of isolated molecules as well as RNA-protein and ligand complexes. (biomedcentral.com)
However, the number of such files is still much smaller than the protein structures available (about sixty thousands). (biomedcentral.com)
The first program calculates a complete set of rigid-body parameters that describe the detailed geometry of double helices extracted from the tertiary RNA structures. (biomedcentral.com)
If the observation-to-parameter ratio is small, for example when diffraction data only extend to low resolution, the Bayesian framework implemented in REFMAC 5 uses external restraints to inject additional information extracted from structures of homologous proteins, prior knowledge about secondary-structure formation and even data obtained using different experimental methods, for example NMR. (iucr.org)
This involves the formation of bonds that lead to the proper folding of the polypeptide into secondary and tertiary structures. (customuniversitypapers.com)
Assembly of Protein Tertiary Structures from Fragments with Similar Local Sequences using Simulated Annealing and Bayesian Scoring Functions. (rosettacommons.org)
describe the method of combining simulated annealing with fragment libraries to generate native-like structures. (rosettacommons.org)
Improved Recognition of Native-Like Protein Structures Using a Combination of Sequence-Dependent and Sequence-Independent Features of Proteins. (rosettacommons.org)
The first use of the Rosetta algorithm successfully predicted ab initio protein structures to an RMSD within 6.4, 6.0, and 3.8Å. (rosettacommons.org)
PRRSV employs −1 PRF directed by RNA secondary and tertiary structures within its viral genome (canonical PRF), as well as a noncanonical −1 and −2 PRF that are stimulated by the interactions of PRRSV nonstructural protein 1β (nsp1β) and host protein poly(C)-binding protein (PCBP) 1 or 2 with the viral genome. (uleth.ca)
A linear chain of amino acids is the protein "primary" structure A chain of amino acids will spontaneously form stable "secondary structures", ie: beta-sheet or alpha-helix Hydrogen bonds may stabilize these structures Science researchers would like to understand what controls this folding. (slideserve.com)
Here, more than a million sequence alignments were analysed between protein pairs of known structures to re-define a line distinguishing between true and false positives for low levels of similarity. (tu-muenchen.de)
As a result, the database is not only a database of aligned sequence families, but also a database of implied secondary and tertiary structures covering 29% of all SwissProt-stored sequences. (tu-muenchen.de)
And lastly, quaternary structure is the arrangement of tertiary structures into more functionally complex molecular machinery. (darwinscollapse.com)
For -lactalbu- min, only water molecules conserved in the human and baboon structures are shown (the structure of the bovine protein has not been reported). (lu.se)

The protein HMGB1 behaves as a redox sensor and its structural changes, which are conditioned by the oxidative environment, are associated with different functions of the protein. (hindawi.com)
In other words, amino acids are the structural elements of all proteins . (ainews.one)
The viral genome encodes four structural capsid proteins (VP1 to VP4) and seven nonstructural (NS) proteins, the leader Lb/ab protease, and proteins encoded in the P2 (2B and 2C) and P3 (3A, 3B, 3C, and 3D) regions ( 9 ). (asm.org)
Explain how this method may be used to determine structural relatedness of a protein in different species, and perhaps evolutionary relationships among species. (customuniversitypapers.com)
The work provides the first structural and dynamics characterization of human RBMS1 protein, that controls the expression of c-myc proto-oncogene inside the human cell by its interaction with 7 base pair consensus sequence within the 21 bp promoter/ autonomous origin of replication region 2 kb upstream of c-myc proto-oncogene. (neelsb.com)
A heterogeneous family of water-soluble structural proteins found in cells of the vertebrate lens. (lookformedical.com)
3-10 helix - A type of protein secondary structural element that is more tightly coiled than the alpha helix (3 amino acids per turn with 10 atoms in the ring completed by each intra-helical hydrogen bond). (rcsb.org)
allosteric protein - A protein that changes among two or more structural conformations upon binding to a small molecule called an effector. (rcsb.org)
alpha helix - A secondary structural motif of a protein. (rcsb.org)
These results were then correlated with small-angle X-ray scattering solution studies and computational tertiary structural models. (uleth.ca)
Here, we describe the purification of the nsp1β:PCBP2:viral RNA complex on a scale sufficient for structural analysis using small-angle X-ray scattering and stochiometric analysis by analytical ultracentrifugation. (uleth.ca)
The fast sulfide association rate constant can be related to the presence of Gln(64)E7, as the heme distal residue, together with the protein structural properties in the CD-E distal region. (shengsci.com)
Structural analysis of the rate-limiting transition states in the folding of Im7 and Im9: similarities and differences in the folding of homologous proteins. (shengsci.com)
Stability of a structural scaffold upon activity transfer: X-ray structure of a three fingers chimeric protein. (shengsci.com)
Fasciculin 2 and toxin alpha proteins belong to the same structural family of three-fingered snake toxins. (shengsci.com)
The inferred regulatory function of these OM proteins suggests that the difference between the two biominerals is due to the modeling of the matrix network, rather than the presence of specific structural components. (biomedcentral.com)
The current view of protein folding and stability is largely based on SAXS and DLS data13-16 and the extensive exposure of hydropho- a generic structural classification into native (N), compact dena- bic residues suggested by the finding that the heat capacity of the tured or molten globule (MG), and unfolded or denatured (D) MG state is midway between that of the N and D states7 have been conformational states1-10. (lu.se)
Inferences about hydration have usually been indirect (where the ous structural and dynamic information about the internal peptide chain is not, there is solvent) or have relied on uncertain (buried) and external (surface) hydration of globular proteins in premises. (lu.se)

These interactions are defined by helices α1/α4 and α2/α3: residues Ser1, Val6, His9, Leu43, Asp44 and Glu51 from α1/α4 are in contact with Thr21, Phe25, Lys33, Arg34, Glu37 and Glu51 from α2/α3 of the second molecule. (wikipedia.org)
This RNA molecule, known as messenger RNA (mRNA), then leaves the nucleus and enters the cytoplasm where it is translated into protein by ribosomes. (proprofs.com)
Embodiments of various aspects described herein, include novel polypeptides, compositions comprising the same, kits, and analyte detection systems for detecting the presence or absence of a small molecule (e.g. histamine and/or histidine) in a test sample. (justia.com)
The viral particle is composed of a protein capsid that contains a positive-sense RNA molecule of about 8,500 nucleotides that is infectious and encodes a single polyprotein, which is processed in infected cells by cis - and trans -acting viral proteases ( 55 ) to yield different polypeptide precursors and the mature viral proteins ( 9 , 62 ). (asm.org)
These observations are relevant to studies with Cys-less transporters utilized for the characterization of proteins with the substituted cysteine accessibility method and indicate that functional defects detected in a Cys-less protein, when the tertiary structure of the molecule is stressed, are not necessarily relevant to the wild-type protein. (elsevierpure.com)
In determining which proteins bind to the RNA of interest, it is often useful to use the approach where the RNA molecule is the "bait" and allow it to capture proteins from a lysate or other relevant solution. (uleth.ca)
Allostery - This is a type of effect seen in proteins where the binding of a molecule, ion etc. to one location can have an impact of the structure and interactions at another location. (rcsb.org)
The stabilization of the heme-bound sulfide molecule is achieved through hydrogen bonding to Gln(64)E7, as well as by finely tuned aromatic-electrostatic interactions with the clustered residues Phe(29)B10, Phe(43)CD1 and Phe(68)E11. (shengsci.com)
Zinc finger (Znf) domains are relatively small protein motifs which contain multiple finger-like protrusions that make tandem contacts with their target molecule. (embl.de)
The transferase component of debranching enzyme then transfers the 3 (green) glucose residues from the short branch to the end of an adjacent branch of the glycogen molecule. (medscape.com)

Tertiary structure is formed by interactions among amino acid side chains and involves weak interactions including hydrophobic / hydrophilic interactions and hydrogen bonds, ionic bonds, and covalent bonds such as disulfide bridges formed between two cysteine residues. (customuniversitypapers.com)
Disulfide bonds in proteins are formed between the thiol groups of cysteine residues. (chemeurope.com)

Different proteins were known to have unique sequences, whereas it was thought that all DNA molecules have the same sequence. (proprofs.com)
By now you get the idea that cells generate proteins, which are sequences of amino acids. (ainews.one)
At least four phylogenetically distinct groups of bacteria encode repeat proteins with the common ability to bind specific DNA sequences with a unique but conserved code. (uni-muenchen.de)
Figure 1: The amino acid sequences for three small proteins. (customuniversitypapers.com)
Assessment of Ndc80p sequences Rabbit Polyclonal to SHP-1 from 29 organisms reveals the 1st 100 residues of the protein are poorly conserved among fungi and mainly absent from higher eukaryotes.61 Flagellum This the locomotion organelle is a long, whip-like extension, which enables particular cells or unicellular organisms to swim. (pepas.org)
alignment - A comparison of two or more gene or protein sequences in order to determine their degree of similarity in amino acid or bases, respectively. (rcsb.org)
iv) Using intermediate sequences for finding links between more distant families was almost as successful: pairs were predicted to be homologous when the respective sequence families had proteins in common. (tu-muenchen.de)
The program accepts either a set of sequences in FASTA format or a list of identifiers from either of the following protein databases: SWISS-PROT (13), PDB (14) or TrEMBL (13). (tu-muenchen.de)

Plant defensins exhibit a conserved tertiary structure that consists of a triple-stranded antiparallel β-sheet and one α-helix that are stabilized into a compact shape by the disulfide bridges. (frontiersin.org)

Replacements that favored (Q44R) or impaired (Q44D) the polar interactions predicted between residues Q44 and D32 did not abolish dimer formation of transiently expressed 3A, indicating that these interactions are not critical for 3A dimerization. (asm.org)
Over the past few decades, our understanding of such RNA-protein interactions and their importance has driven the search and development of new techniques for the identification of RNA-binding proteins. (uleth.ca)
Understanding specificity of protein-DNA interactions is a long-standing question that has been attempted to understand many times by scientists all over the world. (neelsb.com)
The work has implications for understanding general mechanism of protein-DNA interactions that involves sliding, hopping and diffusion during stochastic target search process in a dense nucleus. (neelsb.com)
2) The disulfide bond may form the nucleus of a hydrophobic core of the folded protein, i.e., local hydrophobic residues may condense around the disulfide bond and onto each other through hydrophobic interactions . (chemeurope.com)
Considering the widely acknowledged Accordingly, theoretical models of the MG state invariably invoke importance of protein-solvent interactions for stability and fold- a substantial internal hydration20-22. (lu.se)

in order to minimize contact with the aqueous media, the hydrophobic residues form a hydrophobic core, whereas hydrogen bonds are formed with hydrophilic residues on the NP outer shell. (nature.com)
Whereas the N state has been character- taken to imply that hundreds of water molecules penetrate the MG ized at high resolution, many aspects of the D and MG states are protein (except for a relatively small hydrophobic core)5,7,8,17-19. (lu.se)

Defensins are small cationic peptides of 45-54 amino acid residues with a conserved signature of cysteines, which can form three to four disulfide bridges. (frontiersin.org)
Replacements L38E and L41E, involving charge acquisition at residues predicted to contribute to the hydrophobic interface, reduced the dimerization signal in the protein ligation assay and prevented the detection of dimer/multimer species in both transiently expressed 3A proteins and in synthetic peptides reproducing the N terminus of 3A. (asm.org)
Sub-angstrom modeling of complexes between flexible peptides and globular proteins. (rosettacommons.org)
describe algorithms to predict the bound state of flexible peptides in protein pockets. (rosettacommons.org)
There are 20 different alpha amino acids commonly found in nature that can covalently link with each other to form short peptides or longer proteins. (rcsb.org)
For example, researchers have identified several pairs of peptides that are unstructured in isolation, but adopt stable secondary and tertiary structure upon forming a disulfide bond between them. (chemeurope.com)
AD is pathologically characterized by the deposition of pathogenic Aβ peptides that are derived from larger integral membrane proteins, termed β-amyloid precursor proteins (APPs). (jneurosci.org)

Aquaporins (AQPs) are small (21-34 kD) integral membrane proteins, which form channels facilitating movement of water and other small solutes across the cell membrane. (biomedcentral.com)
Antibodies can target epitopes on integral membrane proteins very near to the lipid bilayer surface, even those partially embedded within the headgroup region. (elifesciences.org)
Aβ is liberated from type I integral membrane proteins, termed β-amyloid precursor proteins (APPs), by the concerted action of β-secretase (BACE1) and γ-secretase (for review, see Selkoe, 2002 ). (jneurosci.org)

The folding of the polypeptide into the secondary structure of the protein backbone such as an -helix or a -pleated sheet involves the formation of weak hydrogen bonds. (customuniversitypapers.com)
describe the development of an improved score function containing secondary structure packing terms. (rosettacommons.org)
Tertiary structure is the three-dimensional arrangement created by packing secondary structure elements into globular domains. (darwinscollapse.com)
· http://structbio.nature.com ness, secondary structure, tertiary fold, and side-chain packing. (lu.se)

Design of a novel globular protein fold with atomic-level accuracy. (rosettacommons.org)

Proteins search and bind specific sequence in the background of billions of bases in the genome. (neelsb.com)
The protein undergoes a hinge-like motion in order to bind with the specific DNA which facilitated by flexibility in the linker region. (neelsb.com)
Alpha-crystallins also act as molecular chaperones that bind to denatured proteins, keep them in solution and thereby maintain the translucency of the lens. (lookformedical.com)
active site - A region in proteins and nucleic acids (that participate in chemical reactions), where reacting molecules (substrates) bind and make specific contacts necessary for chemical catalysis. (rcsb.org)
The addition of an affinity tag allowed us to avoid the use of antibodies targeted toward the intracellular C-terminal tail of APP, a region to which a number of reported interacting proteins bind ( King and Turner, 2004 ). (jneurosci.org)
Some LIM domains bind protein partners via tyrosine-containing motifs. (embl.de)
They display considerable versatility in binding modes, even between members of the same class (e.g. some bind DNA, others protein), suggesting that Znf motifs are stable scaffolds that have evolved specialised functions. (embl.de)
To cause sensitization, a chemical must bind to macromolecules (proteins) in the skin. (cdc.gov)

The comparison presents that RSA has 73% of sequence similarity (Fig. S1 ), and high preservation of its tertiary structure (Fig. S2 ). (nature.com)
The RNA chain is decoded and translated by ribosomes to produce a polypeptide sequence, otherwise known as a protein. (ainews.one)
For example, the sequence AUG (in the mRNA) is a codon that specifies the amino acid methionine, which almost always specifies the beginning of a protein. (ainews.one)
The function of a protein depends on its three-dimensional shape, which in turn depends on the protein's primary structure = its amino acid sequence. (customuniversitypapers.com)
If polypeptides from closely related species have the same amino acid sequence with the same amino acid residues at the same location, then treatment with the same enzyme should lead to synthesis of similar length fragments. (customuniversitypapers.com)
describe OptE, a methodology for using sequence-recovery and rotamer-recovery benchmarks to improve weights sets for scoring functions. (rosettacommons.org)
The figure shows RBMS1 protein scanning the DNA in search of its target sequence and binding to the sequence's nucleotides in a specific manner. (neelsb.com)
This paper describes ~90 Swiss-Prot keywords attributed to the cellular components, domains, technical terms, developmental processes and coding sequence diversities possessing strong positive and negative correlation with long disordered areas. (pepas.org)
was estimated as the portion of putatively disordered SwissProt proteins with lengths between 0.9L and 1.1L. TribeMCL clustering was used to reduce effects of sequence redundancy in estimation of font. (pepas.org)
i) The transition from the safe zone of sequence alignment into the twilight zone is described by an explosion of false negatives. (tu-muenchen.de)
For each protein of known 3-D structure from the Protein Data Bank (PDB), the database has a multiple sequence alignment of all available homologues and a sequence profile characteristic of the family. (tu-muenchen.de)
However, the remarkable progress made in this regard left many questions unanswered and only emphasized that DNA sequence represents only the most basic level of analysis of the human genome and that higher-order organization is key to its proper function, much like how the amino acid sequence of a protein is only meaningful in the context of its tertiary structure. (basicmedicalkey.com)
The term "epigenetics" describes mechanisms that influence the activity of DNA that do not include the DNA sequence itself. (basicmedicalkey.com)
So while the first-order organization of DNA (ie, DNA sequence) is essentially the same in all cells of the human body, the context in which the sequence occurs varies greatly, conferring tissue-specific "epigenomes" that in turn determine the transcriptional signature of a cell (transcriptome) as well as the profile of proteins it produces (proteome). (basicmedicalkey.com)
[2] And third from the National Human Genome Research Institute, "Bioinformatics is the branch of biology that is concerned with the acquisition storage, display, and analysis of the information found in nucleic acid and protein sequence data. (darwinscollapse.com)

Detailed molecular epidemiologic data and genetic characteristics of the isolates are described elsewhere ( 2 ). (cdc.gov)
The molecular docking described the microenvironment of the interaction sites, rich in apolar residues. (nature.com)
A molecular model of the FMDV 3A protein, derived from the nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) structure of the poliovirus 3A protein, predicted a hydrophobic interface spanning residues 25 to 44 as the main determinant for 3A dimerization. (asm.org)
The structure of YahD was determined by molecular replacement using B. cereus carboxylesterase atomic coordinates as a search model as described in Materials and methods. (dna-metabolism.com)
Here, using atomistic molecular dynamics simulation, we study the correlations between the RBD dynamics with physically distant residues in the spike protein, and provide a deeper understanding of their role in the infection, including the prediction of important mutations and of distant allosteric binding sites for therapeutics. (biorxiv.org)
We applied time-independent component analysis (tICA) and protein connectivity network model, on all-atom molecular dynamics trajectories, to identify key non-RBD residues, playing crucial role in the conformational transition facilitating spike-receptor binding and infection of human cell. (biorxiv.org)
In 1958 Francis Crick formulated the central dogma of molecular biology that states biological information travels in one direction-DNA is transcribed into RNA then translated into protein. (darwinscollapse.com)
Countless proteins are the molecular machines that create the anatomy and function as the physiology of the human body. (darwinscollapse.com)

Changes in the redox state of cells affect proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids in different ways. (hindawi.com)
According to Pevsner, "Functional genomics is the genome-wide study of the function of DNA (including genes and nongenic elements) as well as the nucleic acid and protein products encoded by DNA. (darwinscollapse.com)

The overall three-dimensional structure of the polypeptide is the tertiary structure. (customuniversitypapers.com)
If the protein contains more than one polypeptide, the structure is referred to as quaternary structure. (customuniversitypapers.com)

Engineered mutations to the 10E8 paratope at light-chain solvent-exposed residues that add positive charge or hydrophobic sidechains proved to increase antibody association to anionic phospholipid vesicles in vitro and also boosted neutralization potency 27 . (elifesciences.org)
The results show that nonnative proteins are more structured and less solvent exposed than commonly believed. (lu.se)
Proteins denatured by guanidinium chloride are not fully solvent exposed but contain strongly perturbed occluded water. (lu.se)

Variations in the amino acids are reflected by small conformational changes in the tertiary structure that contribute to the broad range of biological activities in these proteins. (frontiersin.org)
This unity of terminology belies disunity in the lifestyles of these different bacteria, and the biological roles fulfilled by these proteins. (uni-muenchen.de)
In addition the TALEs and RipTALs may simply represent one face of the TALE-likes, a protein family mediating as yet unknown biological roles as bacterial DNA binding proteins. (uni-muenchen.de)

Proteins were known to be composed of 20 distinct amino acids whereas DNA is composed of only 4 nucleotides. (proprofs.com)
In the early twentieth century, it was believed that proteins might carry genetic information because proteins were known to be composed of 20 distinct amino acids, whereas DNA is composed of only 4 nucleotides. (proprofs.com)
The surface view of the crystal structure of RBMS1 protein is shown bound with the bases of nucleotides of c-myc promoter. (neelsb.com)
We determined the 2.57 Å crystal structure of RBMS1 in its promoter DNA bound state that provided atomic-resolution insight into specific binding of individual nucleotides of DNA with the protein. (neelsb.com)

Whereas mutation of a key active-site aspartic acid residue prevents OAS2 activity, a C-terminal mutation previously hypothesized to disrupt OAS self-association had only a minor effect on OAS2 activity. (uleth.ca)
Mutation on these residues can lead to new strains of coronavirus with different degrees of infectivity and virulence. (biorxiv.org)
Mutation of Glu483 to alanine results in much less severe impairments in catalysis suggesting this residue is active as the [[general acid/base]] residue. (cazypedia.org)

an intramolecular disulfide bond between the Cys 66 and 298 residues, in the first and fourth extracellular loops, respectively, is present but not essential for function. (elsevierpure.com)
Preservation of the Cys66-Cys298 intramolecular disulfide bond was not required for stability of the K422C protein. (elsevierpure.com)
The prototype of a protein disulfide bond is the two-amino-acid peptide, cystine , which is composed of two cysteine amino acids joined by a disulfide bond (shown in Figure 2 in its unionized form). (chemeurope.com)
The disulfide bond stabilizes the folded form of a protein in several ways: 1) It holds two portions of the protein together, biasing the protein towards the folded topology. (chemeurope.com)
Expressed differently, the disulfide bond destabilizes the unfolded form of the protein by lowering its entropy. (chemeurope.com)
3) Related to #1 and #2, the disulfide bond link two segments of the protein chain, the disulfide bond increases the effective local concentration of protein residues and lowers the effective local concentration of water molecules. (chemeurope.com)

Structurally the DED domain are a subclass of protein motif known as the death fold and contains 6 alpha helices, that closely resemble the structure of the Death domain (DD). (wikipedia.org)
The bacterial immunity proteins Im7 and Im9 fold with mechanisms of different kinetic complexity. (shengsci.com)
The N-terminal domain (residues 26-155) forms a β-sandwich fold and is one of the [[CBM32]]-like domains. (cazypedia.org)

They consist of two zinc-binding motifs that resemble GATA-like Znf's, however the residues holding the zinc atom(s) are variable, involving Cys, His, Asp or Glu residues. (embl.de)

Computational techniques, including predictive algorithms and mathematical models that describe a selected process (e.g., skin permeation) by means of analytical or numerical methods. (cdc.gov)

They act on different targets, but in each case the binding region involves residues from loops I and II. (shengsci.com)

Current, antibody-based diagnostical methods utilize antibodies against histamine raised by conjugating histamine to a large immunogenic protein carrier, such as bovine serum albumin (BSA) or ovalbumin (OVA) via its primary amine group. (justia.com)
Consequently, only the imidazole will be exposed to lymphocytes, which commonly results in generation of antibodies that recognize protein-bound histamine with only limited affinity and sensitivity for free histamine. (justia.com)
The modeling platform developed here uncovers insights into lipid participation in antibodies' recognition of membrane proteins and highlights antibody features to prioritize in vaccine design. (elifesciences.org)
Conversely, broad spectrum therapeutics like drugs and monoclonal antibodies can be generated targeting these key distant regions of the spike protein. (biorxiv.org)
These residues can not only be targeted by broad spectrum antibodies and drugs, mutations in them can generate new strains of coronavirus resulting in future epidemic. (biorxiv.org)
Large scale screening of therapeutic molecules and antibodies are underway aiming to target the spike protein and consequently prevent infection. (biorxiv.org)
18 The human immune system started generating antibodies specific to residues outside RBD even at the earlier stage of the pandemic. (biorxiv.org)

The given statement that the genome is able to express its own information without the activity of enzymes and proteins is FALSE. (proprofs.com)
Without the activity of enzymes and proteins, the genetic information in the genome would not be able to be expressed and translated into functional proteins. (proprofs.com)
Mark, Brian L. dc.description.abstract: Programmed ribosomal frameshifting (PRF) is a mechanism used by arteriviruses like porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) to generate multiple proteins from overlapping reading frames within its RNA genome. (uleth.ca)

To solve this problem, the cell membrane contains proteins that are selective for unique, water soluble molecules. (wikibooks.org)

The loss of activity of both mutant PCFTs was shown to be due to impaired protein stability and expression. (elsevierpure.com)
61 Full size and truncated Ndc80p are populated almost equally, suggesting low conformational stability of the N-terminal website of this protein. (pepas.org)
Disulfide bonds play an important role in the folding and stability of some proteins, usually proteins secreted to the extracellular medium. (chemeurope.com)
The hydration of nonnative states is central to protein folding and stability but has been probed mainly by indirect methods. (lu.se)

Cofactors are protein molecules which assist enzyme function. (flashcardmachine.com)
1 , 2 Largely expressed on the surface of SARS-CoV-2, the spike (S) protein plays a crucial role in binding to the host angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) through the receptor-binding domain (RBD) and facilitating viral entry, 3 , 4 which is therefore considered as one of the most preferred targets against SARS-CoV-2. (biorxiv.org)
Author Manuscript and RNA repair protein AlkB-derived enzyme mixture was first used to remove methylations at the Watson-Crick face. (cdc.gov)

These replacements also led to production of infective viruses that replaced the acidic residues introduced (E) by nonpolar amino acids, indicating that preservation of the hydrophobic interface is essential for virus replication. (asm.org)

Protein structure evaluation showed a hydrophilic aromatic/arginine (ar/R) selectivity filter (SF) in PIPs whereas other subfamilies mostly contained a hydrophobic ar/R SF. (biomedcentral.com)

When expressed as a recombinant protein in transfected cells, PV 3A cofractionates with endoplasmic reticulum markers ( 66 ), and its single transient expression can disrupt the secretory apparatus ( 23 ) and decrease major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I expression ( 22 ). (asm.org)

Nevertheless, in neurodegenerative diseases these proteins accumulate with disastrous consequences for neurons, eventually leading to cell death. (5dok.org)

Functional analysis of the complex via mutational analysis combined with RNA-binding assays and cell-based frameshifting reporter assays reveal a number of key residues within nsp1β and PCBP2 that are involved in complex formation and function. (uleth.ca)

Agrin-like glycoproteins and proteins with sugar-binding domains are also predominant. (biomedcentral.com)

[ 10 , 11 ] This duplication is believed to be in the peripheral myelin protein 22kD ( PMP22 ) gene, and overexpression of the gene product appears to be causative, since a gene dosage effect has been demonstrated. (medscape.com)
The second most common form of CMT1 (CMT1B) and some cases of Déjerine-Sottas syndrome were found to be associated with mutations in the myelin protein zero ( MPZ ) gene on chromosome 1. (medscape.com)
Enzymes and proteins play a crucial role in gene expression by facilitating the transcription and translation processes. (proprofs.com)
Recognition of c-myc gene promoter by human RBMS1 protein. (neelsb.com)
In this background we have worked on human RBMS1 protein that has been shown to directly regulate the c-myc gene expression levels in cancerous cells. (neelsb.com)
Vertebrate insulin gene enhancer binding protein isl-1. (embl.de)
Isl-1 binds to one of the two cis-acting protein-binding domains of the insulin gene. (embl.de)

Although PPL is present in the bloodstream, no information is found on the interaction between PPL and rat serum albumin (RSA), the most abundant protein with the function of transporting endo/exogenous molecules. (nature.com)
HMGB1 is an abundant protein, 10 6 molecules per cell [ 7 ], which has been postulated as a redox sensor [ 8 ]. (hindawi.com)
We identified a total of 102 OM proteins, 52 are found in the two red coral biominerals with scleritin being the most abundant protein in each fraction. (biomedcentral.com)

Foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) nonstructural protein 3A plays important roles in virus replication, virulence, and host range. (asm.org)

RipTALs are effector proteins delivered during bacterial wilt disease caused by R. solanacearum strains. (uni-muenchen.de)
In the case of the RipTALs this work should begin to unravel the role these proteins play in bacterial wilt disease, as a means to fight this devastating pathogen. (uni-muenchen.de)
The major component of the bacterial flagellum is definitely a thin filament of 12C25 nm in diameter, which is known as the flagellar filament and is made of protein subunit called flagellin. (pepas.org)

Methylation also refers to the addition of methyl group to lysine residues in the histone proteins around which DNA is wrapped. (basicmedicalkey.com)
This particular form of methylation can be associated with a more "open" or "closed" configuration of the chromatin depending on various factors including the specific lysine residues being methylated. (basicmedicalkey.com)

The residues that form the surfaces are typically charged amino acids, but a short hydrophobic patch can also be observed on the interactive surface of the domain. (wikipedia.org)
A mutant form of Ub, UBB +1 is another protein that can resist proteasomal degradation. (5dok.org)
The native form of a protein is usually a single disulfide species, although some proteins may cycle between a few disulfide states as part of their function, e.g., thioredoxin. (chemeurope.com)

Will any of the fragments be identical in size among the three proteins? (customuniversitypapers.com)
Here PID is the number of identical residues in the BLAST alignment times 100 and divided by L. The HSSP-value reflects whether an alignment is above the HSSP-curve or below. (tu-muenchen.de)

More specifically, the "epigenome" refers to the constellation of covalent modifications of DNA and the histone proteins that help pack DNA on the chromosome as well as the newly discovered noncoding transcripts that function to modulate the transcriptional activity of DNA. (basicmedicalkey.com)

LIM domains coordinate one or more zinc atoms, and are named after the three proteins (LIN-11, Isl1 and MEC-3) in which they were first found. (embl.de)

The death-effector domain (DED) is a protein interaction domain found only in eukaryotes that regulates a variety of cellular signalling pathways. (wikipedia.org)
This recruitment is mediated by a homotypic interaction between the procaspase DED and a second DED that is death effector domain in an adaptor protein that is directly associated with activated TNF receptors. (wikipedia.org)
in poliovirus (PV), the interaction between the RNA replication complex and intracellular membranes appears to be accomplished by proteins 3A and 2C, which have membrane-binding properties ( 11 , 60 ). (asm.org)
Simulations estimating protein-membrane interaction strength for PGZL1 variants along an inferred maturation pathway show bilayer affinity is evolved and correlates with neutralization potency. (elifesciences.org)
This requires an efficient and highly specific interaction between protein and DNA that control some of the most important processes pertaining to cell survival and growth. (neelsb.com)
Recent studies have highlighted the potential importance of the tertiary structure of the three-way junction to PKR inhibition by enabling interaction between regions of the central and terminal stems. (uleth.ca)

This binding occurs at a site different from the proteins active site and enhances or reduces the protein's reactivity towards its normal ligand. (rcsb.org)
Such a peculiar arrangement of phenylalanyl residues at the distal ligand binding site has not been observed before in the globin family, and is unique to HbI, a protein functionally devoted to sulfide transport. (shengsci.com)

The DED domain is found in inactive procaspases (cysteine proteases) and proteins that regulate caspase activation in the apoptosis cascade such as FAS-associating death domain-containing protein (FADD). (wikipedia.org)
Describe what proteases are and list some examples of their practical uses. (customuniversitypapers.com)

How many fragments would be produced by cutting these small proteins with chymotrypsin? (customuniversitypapers.com)

Mutational analysis described here found that ThiI residues required for 4-thiouridine synthesis were not involved in thiazole biosynthesis. (nih.gov)

For instance, myelin protein zero mutations are associated CMT1B, Déjerine-Sottas syndrome, and the axonal CMT2 phenotype. (medscape.com)
Proteins that carry out essential functions for the cell tend to change very little in a population through mutations over time. (customuniversitypapers.com)
The current report describes Lys 422 mutations (K422C, K422E) that have no effect on transport activity when introduced into wild-type PCFT but result in a marked loss of activity when introduced into a Cys-less PCFT which is otherwise near-fully functional. (elsevierpure.com)
Significant research effort for drug design against COVID-19 is focused on the receptor binding domain of the spike protein, although this region is prone to mutations causing resistance against therapeutics. (biorxiv.org)
6 Significantly, the sites in S protein have been demonstrated to be vulnerable to acquire mutations. (biorxiv.org)

There is a strong emphasis on the structure of molecules, particularly proteins, which are the nanoscale machines that carry out most processes in living organisms. (bbk.ac.uk)
AlphaFold's Protein Structure Database provides open access to protein structure predictions for the human proteome and 20 other organisms to accelerate scientific research. (ainews.one)
Comparison of the mechanisms that govern the production of calcium carbonate (CaCO 3 ) biominerals in hexacorallians (scleractinians) and octocorallians is thus expected to shed light on the conservation of the protein toolkit used by these organisms for making their biocalcification. (biomedcentral.com)

Phylogenetic analysis showed similar numbers of AQPs clustered in five distinct subfamilies including the plasma membrane intrinsic proteins (PIPs), the tonoplast intrinsic proteins (TIPs), the nodulin 26-like intrinsic proteins (NIPs), the small basic intrinsic proteins (SIPs), and the uncharacterized intrinsic proteins (XIPs). (biomedcentral.com)
In primitive land plants, two additional unique classes of AQPs, GlpF-like intrinsic protein (GIPs) and hybrid intrinsic proteins (HIPs) have been described and are presumed to have been lost in the course of evolution [ 12 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Cellular parts associated with intrinsically disordered proteins Table 1 lists the cellular components associated with intrinsic disorder. (pepas.org)
Mitochondrial transcription element A (TFAM), a member of an HMG protein family, is essential for maintenance of mitochondrial DNA, potentially playing a histone-like architectural part for maintenance of mitochondrial DNA.79 As both these functions, transcription regulation and histone, are associated with intrinsic disorder, (S)-Mapracorat TFAM potentially behaves as an intrinsically disordered protein as well. (pepas.org)

Described herein are polypeptides, compositions, kits, and analyte detection systems for the detection of the presence or absence of small molecules (e.g. histamine and/or histidine) in a test sample. (justia.com)
The technology described herein relates to polypeptides, compositions, kits, and analyte detection systems for the detection of the presence or absence of small molecules (e.g. histamine and/or histidine) in a test sample. (justia.com)

Considering the lipophilic characteristics of PPL, its transport through plasma must be assisted by carrier proteins, such as albumin. (nature.com)
Continuous protein pathways are composed of carrier proteins , channels and pumps . (wikibooks.org)
The transport may be active transport by carrier proteins with an energy source, or it may be facilitated diffusion or passive transport via channels. (wikibooks.org)

DEDs in this protein show an asymmetric unit dimer, with its interface contains two hydrogen bonding networks, that appear as a filamentous structure. (wikipedia.org)
It is characterized by hydrogen bonds between the carbonyl group (-C=O) of one amino acid and the amino (N-H) group of the amino acid 4 residues below it along the helix. (rcsb.org)
amino acid - A building block of proteins is an alpha amino acid which contains a basic amino group, an acidic carboxyl group, and a hydrogen or organic side chain attached to the central carbon atom. (rcsb.org)

In response, cells produce the interferon inducible RNA-dependent protein kinase (PKR) that, when bound to viral dsRNA, phosphorylates eukaryotic initiation factor 2αand attenuates viral protein translation. (uleth.ca)

a protein required for the asymmetric division of vulval blast cells. (embl.de)

Anatomy10

Organisms11

Chemicals and Drugs109

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment46

Phenomena and Processes78

Disciplines and Occupations3

Technology, Industry, Agriculture1

Information Science10

Health Care4

Structures18

Structural18

Molecule10

Cysteine residues2

Sequences8

Conserved tertiary structure1

Interactions6

Hydrophobic core2

Peptides7

Integral membrane3

Secondary structure4

Globular protein1

Bind8

Sequence15

Molecular8

Nucleic2

Polypeptide2

Solvent-exposed3

Biological3

Nucleotides4

Mutation3

Disulfide bond6

Fold3

Motifs1

Computational1

Loops1

Antibodies7

Genome3

Water soluble1

Stability4

Enzyme3

Preservation1

Hydrophilic1

Endoplasmic reticulum1

Neurodegenerative diseases1

Nsp11

Glycoproteins1

Gene7

Abundant protein3

Nonstructural protein1

Bacterial3

Lysine2

Form3

Identical2

Covalent1

Domains1

Interaction6

Ligand2

Proteases2

Fragments1

Synthesis1

Mutations5

Organisms3

Intrinsic4

Polypeptides2

Carrier3

Hydrogen3

Eukaryotic1

Asymmetric1