• Many viruses, including Kaposi Sarcoma Herpesvirus (KSHV), have evolved sophisticated countermeasures to extend the life of an infected host cell to support establishment of infection and virus proliferation. (mdpi.com)
  • We also show that in addition to Bid and Puma, KsBcl-2 is able to engage with a broad range of other host cell death inducers, thus making it a potent enabler of viral infection and proliferation. (mdpi.com)
  • The Ets family of transcription factors includes nuclear phosphoproteins that are involved in cell proliferation, differentiation and oncogenic transformation. (embl.de)
  • It also stops proliferation of cancer cells by arresting them at different phases of the cell cycle and/or by inducing their apoptosis (programmed cell death). (beatcancer.org)
  • In the model organism Dictyostelium discoideum , loss of the CLN5 homolog, cln5 , impacts various cellular and developmental processes including cell proliferation, cytokinesis, aggregation, cell adhesion, and terminal differentiation. (frontiersin.org)
  • 2020. Mesenchymal niche-derived neuregulin-1 drives intestinal stem cell proliferation and regeneration of damaged epithelium . (cardiff.ac.uk)
  • Among the genes that remain deregulated during remission, we identify several that are expressed by epithelial cells and are involved in epithelial cell proliferation, resistance to apoptosis and response to stress. (bmj.com)
  • Deletions of multiple GID subunits compromise cell proliferation, and this defect is accompanied by deregulation of critical cell cycle markers such as the retinoblastoma (Rb) tumor suppressor, phospho-Histone H3 and Cyclin A. We identify the negative regulator of pro-proliferative genes Hbp1 as a bonafide GID/CTLH proteolytic substrate. (elifesciences.org)
  • Rho GTPases represent a family of small GTP-binding proteins involved in cell cytoskeleton organization, migration, transcription, and proliferation. (biomedcentral.com)
  • They are endowed with GTP hydrolytic activity, mainly involved in cytoskeleton rearrangements and cell motility, but also involved in cell proliferation, transformation and differentiation [ 2 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In cell culture experiments, the influence of EPB41L4A-AS1 and UNC5B-AS1 on proliferation, migration, and invasion of the osteosarcoma cell line was examined by CCK-8 and Transwell assays. (biomedcentral.com)
  • A propulsive impact on cell proliferation, migration, and invasion by EPB41L4A-AS1 and UNC5B-AS1 was observed, but can be rescued by miR-1306-5p. (biomedcentral.com)
  • TRIM13 inhibited cell proliferation and induced cell apoptosis by regulating NF-κB pathway in non-small-cell lung carcinoma cells. (cancerindex.org)
  • Overexpression of TRIM13 in NCI-H1975 and SPC-A-1 cells hampered cell proliferation. (cancerindex.org)
  • In addition, expression of M2 in primary murine B cells leads to secretion of high levels of IL-10 along with enhanced proliferation and survival. (prelekara.sk)
  • Upregulation of HK3 is associated with EMT in CRC and may be a crucial metabolic adaptation for rapid proliferation, survival, and metastases of CRC cells. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In addition, knockdown of miR‑320 in breast cancer cell lines promoted cell proliferation and invasion in vitro, whereas miR‑320 overexpression had the opposite effect. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • RPS3 knockdown led to a significant decrease in the proliferation, survival, migration and invasion and an increase in the apoptosis of Caco-2 cells. (edu.lb)
  • Moreover, we found that knockdown of Annexin A2 significantly suppressed cell proliferation and invasion of NSCLCs cells. (jcancer.org)
  • Knockdown of Annexin A2 significantly suppressed cell proliferation and invasion of NSCLCs cells, and the biological effect of Annexin A2 on proliferation and invasion was mediated by the inhibition of p53, which in turn, promoted cell cycle progression and EMT. (jcancer.org)
  • It maintains normal hematopoietic function by interacting with hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) to control their proliferation and differentiation ( Morrison and Scadden, 2014 ). (techscience.com)
  • Rac1 is a pleiotropic regulator of many cellular processes, including the cell cycle, cell-cell adhesion, motility (through the actin network), and of epithelial differentiation (proposed to be necessary for maintaining epidermal stem cells). (wikipedia.org)
  • The response of cells to environmental signals, as well as their differentiation, death or malignant transformation, involves changes in gene expression. (biologists.com)
  • Reactivation of the gammaherpesviruses Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) and murine gammaherpesvirus 68 (MHV68) from latently infected B cells has been linked to plasma cell differentiation. (prelekara.sk)
  • We have previously shown that the MHV68 M2 protein is important for virus reactivation from B cells and, when expressed alone in primary murine B cells, can drive B cell differentiation towards a pre-plasma cell phenotype. (prelekara.sk)
  • Together, these studies argue in favor of a model wherein M2 activation of the NFAT pathway initiates events leading to increased levels of IRF4 - a key player in plasma cell differentiation - which in turn triggers IL-10 expression. (prelekara.sk)
  • In the context of previous findings, the data presented here provides insights into how M2 facilitates plasma cell differentiation and subsequent virus reactivation. (prelekara.sk)
  • The SRY-box 4 (SOX4) gene, which is located on chromosome 6p22.3, encodes a 47-kDa protein that is a member of the sex-determining region Y-related high-mobility group-box transcription factor family and has functions in embryonic development and cell differentiation ( 3 , 4 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
  • The pathogenesis of myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) may be related to the abnormal expression of microRNAs (miRNAs), which could influence the differentiation capacity of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) towards adipogenic and osteogenic lineages. (techscience.com)
  • Transcription factors (TFs) are critical for B-cell differentiation, affecting gene expression both by repres- sion and transcriptional activation. (lu.se)
  • In this study, highly purified, flow-cytometry sorted, classified in relation to normal B-cell differentiation [1]. (lu.se)
  • Ack1 has therefore become a target of cancer research which has shown that inhibitors of Ack1 can induce cancer cell apoptosis . (tocris.com)
  • Stimulate Apoptosis - Curcumin encourages programmed cancer cell death. (beatcancer.org)
  • Twenty-nine of these genes were significantly regulated in UC-in-remission subjects compared with non-IBD controls, including a large number of epithelial cell-expressed genes such as REG4, S100P, SERPINB5, SLC16A1, DEFB1, AQP3 and AQP8, which modulate epithelial cell growth, sensitivity to apoptosis and immune function. (bmj.com)
  • and cell cycle and apoptosis [ 3 , 4 ]. (encyclopedia.pub)
  • TRIM13-induced NSCLC cell apoptosis was attenuated by a caspase-3 inhibitor Ac-DEVD-CHO, suggesting that TRIM13 induced cell apoptosis partially through a caspase-3-dependent pathway. (cancerindex.org)
  • In order for cancer cells to grow and invade local and distant tissues, deregulation of cell motility is one of the hallmark events in cancer cell invasion and metastasis. (wikipedia.org)
  • Such abnormal cell motility may result in epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT) - a driving mechanism for tumour metastasis as well as drug-resistant tumour relapse. (wikipedia.org)
  • Therefore, administration of EL may serve as a safe and complementary approach for inhibiting lung tumor cell motility, invasion, and metastasis. (biomedcentral.com)
  • E-cadherin is a well-known tumor suppressor protein and loss of its expression in tumor cells is associated with increased tumor invasiveness and metastasis [ 18 , 19 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Suppressing mTOR activity, as well as levels and activity of the downstream translation regulators, eIF4E and eIF4A, delayed breast cancer progression, onset of associated pulmonary metastasis in vivo and breast cancer cell invasion and migration in vitro. (edu.lb)
  • Annexin A2 has been involved in cancer cell adhesion, invasion and metastasis. (jcancer.org)
  • This low survival may result from the metastasis of cancer cells and arising resistance to drugs. (oncotarget.com)
  • Rac1, also known as Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1, is a protein found in human cells. (wikipedia.org)
  • Members of this superfamily appear to regulate a diverse array of cellular events, including the control of GLUT4 translocation to glucose uptake, cell growth, cytoskeletal reorganization, antimicrobial cytotoxicity, and the activation of protein kinases. (wikipedia.org)
  • Activating or gain-of-function mutations of Rac1 are shown to play active roles in promoting mesenchymal-type of cell movement assisted by NEDD9 and DOCK3 protein complex. (wikipedia.org)
  • Rac1 protein is also necessary for glucose uptake in skeletal muscle activated by exercise and muscle stretching Activating mutations in Rac1 have been recently discovered in large-scale genomic studies involving melanoma and non-small cell lung cancer. (wikipedia.org)
  • Multiple myeloma (MM), a clonal expansion of plasma cells, is characterised by monoclonal protein production, end-organ damage and marked clinical and genetic heterogeneity. (touchoncology.com)
  • It was first identified as an inhibitor of the GTPase activity of GTP-bound Cdc42, but it also promotes cell survival via the phosphorylation of several effector proteins, such as the androgen receptor (AR) and protein kinase B (Akt) . (tocris.com)
  • Gene and protein expression levels of FAK-Src signaling molecules in EL-treated lung cancer cells were determined using PCR arrays, qRT-PCR, and western blotting. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The neoplastic cells showed a diffuse positivity for CD56 and WT1 (cytoplasmic) and a variable positivity for NSE, Synaptophisin, S100 protein and Cytokeratin MNF116, while they were negative for CD99, alpha-fetoprotein, CD30, OCT3/4, β-HCG. (biomedcentral.com)
  • HE 4 × (A) . Positivity of the neoplastic cells for S100 protein 60× (B) and for PanCytokeratin 60× (C) . (biomedcentral.com)
  • During growth, genes associated with protein ubiquitination/deubiquitination, cell cycle progression, and proteasomal degradation were affected, while genes linked to protein and carbohydrate catabolism were affected during early development. (frontiersin.org)
  • At the molecular level, Cul3 regulates cytoskeletal and adhesion protein abundance in mouse embryos. (nature.com)
  • We found that TRIM13 mRNA and protein expression was reduced in NSCLC tissues and cell lines in comparison to paired non-cancerous tissues and a human normal bronchial epithelial cell line, respectively. (cancerindex.org)
  • Murine Gammaherpesvirus M2 Protein Induction of IRF4 via the NFAT Pathway Leads to IL-10 Expression in B Cells. (prelekara.sk)
  • In this study, we aim at determining the expression levels of RPS3 in a colon cancer cell line Caco-2 compared to a normal colon mucosa cell line NCM-460 and study the effects of targeting this protein by siRNA on cellular behavior. (edu.lb)
  • Genes whose protein products stimulate or enhance the division and viability of cells. (cancerquest.org)
  • Genes whose protein products can directly or indirectly prevent cell division or lead to cell death. (cancerquest.org)
  • This poster summarizes the main metabolic pathways in cancer cells and highlights potential targets for cancer therapeutics. (tocris.com)
  • Genetic changes and epigenetic modifications in cancer cells alter the regulation of cellular metabolic pathways providing potential cancer therapeutic targets. (tocris.com)
  • Results: Fibroblastic meningioma exhibited upregulated PI3K/Akt and TGFβ signaling pathways, and accelerated G1/S progression cell cycle. (omicsdi.org)
  • KEGG analysis also demonstrated that focal adhesion and ECM-receptor interaction pathways were activated in anaplastic meningioma. (omicsdi.org)
  • Conclusion: We proposed that deregulation of cell cycle and PI3K/Akt pathways might play important roles in the tumorigenesis of fibroblastic meningioma. (omicsdi.org)
  • Although mutation- or pathway-directed targeted therapy (e.g., using tyrosine kinase inhibitors to treat Philadelphia chromosome [Ph]-positive and Phlike B-cell-ALL) is currently available for only a minority of children with ALL, many of the newly identified molecular alterations have led to the exploration of approaches targeting deregulated cell pathways. (haematologica.org)
  • Cellular proteostasis involves the coordinated and compensatory action of pathways that control biogenesis, folding, trafficking and breakdown of proteins allowing the cell to adapt to physiological or pathological environmental changes. (elifesciences.org)
  • These compounds generally penetrate cell membranes, act on specific target proteins in cells, regulate intracellular signaling pathways, and cause some changes in cell phenotype. (chemscene.com)
  • SOX4 has been revealed to induce EMT, a key process during organ development and the progression of epithelial tumors to metastatic cancers ( 9 ), via its activation of the Wnt and transforming growth factor β signaling pathways in cancer cells ( 10 , 11 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
  • The term "oncotarget" encompasses all molecules, pathways, cellular functions, cell types, and even tissues that can be viewed as targets relevant to cancer as well as other diseases. (oncotarget.com)
  • Our data suggest that EL suppresses lung cancer cell motility and invasion by altering FAK activity and subsequent activation of downstream proteins needed for focal adhesion formation and cytoskeletal rearrangement. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The best-characterized molecules are Rho, which controls the stress fibers and focal adhesion formation, and Rac and Cdc42, which regulate membrane ruffling, and filopodium formation, respectively. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In this study, we showed that Annexin A2 was evidently overexpressed in human NSCLCs cell lines and NSCLCs tissues. (jcancer.org)
  • According to Professor Sethi, most diseases, including cancer , are caused by inflammation and by deregulation of multiple genes. (beatcancer.org)
  • Prevent DNA Damage - Curcumin protects against DNA damage to genes regulating cell replication by toxins, radiation, and other environmental factors. (beatcancer.org)
  • Normalize Cell Growth - Curcumin restores normal growth controls, reverses uncontrolled reproduction of malignant cells, blocks access of cancer cells to growth factors, turns on genes that prevent cell growth and turns off genes that promote cancer growth. (beatcancer.org)
  • EL decreased phosphorylation of FAK and its downstream targets, Src, paxillin, and decreased mRNA expression of cell motility-related genes, RhoA, Rac1, and Cdc42 in lung cancer cells. (biomedcentral.com)
  • According to the Jacob-Monod-Lwoff paradigm, established in bacteria and logically extended to eukaryotes, what made a cell a cell was the combinatorial turning on and off of genes. (biologists.com)
  • Finally, consistent with the differential expression of genes associated with proteasomal degradation in cln5 - cells, we also observed elevated amounts of a proteasome subunit and reduced proteasome 20S activity during cln5 - growth and starvation. (frontiersin.org)
  • The genes that have been identified to date have been categorized into two broad categories, depending on their normal functions in the cell. (cancerquest.org)
  • This first category also includes genes that contribute to tumor growth by inhibiting cell death. (cancerquest.org)
  • Many of these genes are responsible for providing the positive signals that lead to cell division. (cancerquest.org)
  • As stated in the introduction to this section, the defective versions of these genes, known as oncogenes, can cause a cell to divide in an unregulated manner. (cancerquest.org)
  • This is in contrast with tumor suppressor genes which must BOTH be defective to lead to abnormal cell division. (cancerquest.org)
  • Despite the differences in their normal roles, these genes all contribute to unregulated cell division if they are present in a mutant (oncogenic) form. (cancerquest.org)
  • Non-toxic concentrations of EL inhibited lung cancer cell migration and invasion in a concentration- and time-dependent manner. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Given the protective effects of lignans for healthy lung tissue, and their anti-migratory effects for other cancer types, we hypothesized that EL would inhibit lung cancer cell migration. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Additionally, cln5 - cells displayed increased intracellular and extracellular amounts of discoidin, which is involved in cell-substrate adhesion and migration. (frontiersin.org)
  • Furthermore, we found that Pls3 cell-autonomously regulates cell migration by regulating actin cytoskeleton organization, and its levels are inversely proportional to neural migration speed. (nature.com)
  • In particular, we found that Cul3 controls the abundance of Plastin 3 (Pls3), a novel player of neural cell migration, whose amount is inversely proportional to neural cell migration speed. (nature.com)
  • Finally, we found that CRISPR-mediated activation of Cul3 transcription fully rescues neural cell migration defects. (nature.com)
  • Cells exhibit three distinct modes of migration when invading the 3 D environment. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Mutations in the Ack1-encoding TNK2 gene have been linked to cancer, although overexpression and deregulation of Ack1 activation are more commonly associated with disease. (tocris.com)
  • However, androgen-independent cells are eventually selected during androgen ablation therapy (4) , and progression to an androgen-independent state remains the primary cause of mortality in these patients within an average of 1.5 years. (aacrjournals.org)
  • 3 , 4 Since 2020, older or unfit patients are treated by a non-intensive approach combining the hypomethylating agent azacitidine and the B-cell lymphoma 2 (BCL2) inhibitor venetoclax given orally until progression. (dovepress.com)
  • It was therefore assumed that cancer cells were generating energy using glycolysis rather than mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation, and that the mitochondria were dysfunctional. (researchgate.net)
  • In our previous study, miRNA-183, a miRNA in the miR-96-182-183 cluster, was significantly over-expressed in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). (molcells.org)
  • NSCLCs including adenocarcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma and large cell carcinoma, constitute 80% of all lung cancers [ 2 ]. (jcancer.org)
  • Cancer Lett, 300:215-224.doi:10.1016/j. squamous cell carcinoma in north-eastern Iran. (who.int)
  • The anti-migratory and anti-invasive potential of EL for lung cancer cell lines was determined by scratch wound healing and Matrigel® invasion assays. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Focal adhesion kinase (FAK) and steroid receptor coactivator (c-Src) are signaling proteins that regulate cytoskeletal dynamics and cell motility by influencing actin polymerization and focal adhesion turn-over [ 11 , 12 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Reduce Production of Adhesion Molecules - Curcumin keeps malignant tissue from sticking to vessel walls and reduces cancer cells' ability to form distant metastases. (beatcancer.org)
  • However, most GEP studies have typically been performed on whole tissue samples, containing varying degrees of tumor cell content, which results in uncertainties in data analysis. (lu.se)
  • Activated Cdc42-associated kinase 1 (Ack1, E.C. 2.7.10.2), also known as TNK2, is a 114 kDa member of the Ack family of mammalian non-receptor tyrosine kinases (NRTKs) which is activated by multiple receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) to perform various roles within the cell. (tocris.com)
  • We propose that such deregulation could represent a molecular substrate for the inverse co-morbidity observed between these 2 diseases. (nature.com)
  • Notably, cln5 - cells displayed reduced β-hexosaminidase activity, which aligns with previous work showing that D. discoideum Cln5 and human CLN5 can cleave the substrate acted upon by β-hexosaminidase. (frontiersin.org)
  • Studies with bortezomib (VELCADE, formerly known as PS-341) and other proteasome inhibitors indicate that cancer cells are especially dependent on the proteasome for survival, and several mechanisms used by prostate cancer cells require proteasome function. (aacrjournals.org)
  • However, lymphoid homeostasis is highly dynamic, depending on the continuous production of naïve cells in central hematopoietic organs, their activation, survival, and generation of immune memory in peripheral organs. (encyclopedia.pub)
  • Such biological functions depend on their lectinic properties (recognition of N-acetyllactosamine sequences displayed on the cell surface, in the extracellular matrix, or intracellular glycoconjugates) ( Table 1 ). (encyclopedia.pub)
  • Along with other subfamily of Rac and Rho proteins, they exert an important regulatory role specifically in cell motility and cell growth. (wikipedia.org)
  • Rac1 has ubiquitous tissue expression, and drives cell motility by formation of lamellipodia. (wikipedia.org)
  • We hypothesized that EL could inhibit lung cancer cell motility by affecting the FAK-Src signaling pathway. (biomedcentral.com)
  • However, it is not clear what effect EL has on lung cancer cell motility. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Therefore, there is a need for less toxic agents that target FAK-Src signaling and inhibit lung cancer cell motility. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The objective for this research was to identify EL as a less toxic agent to inhibit lung cancer cell motility, and to determine its anti-migratory mechanisms by focusing on FAK-Src signaling and down-stream effects. (biomedcentral.com)
  • A common theme of these processes is a dynamic reorganization of actin cytoskeleton which has now emerged as a major switch control mainly carried out by Rho and Rac GTPase subfamilies, playing an acknowledged role in adaptation of cell motility to the microenvironment. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Collective motility leads to movement of cohorts of cells which maintain the adherens junctions and move by photolytic degradation of matrix barriers. (biomedcentral.com)
  • These two modes of cell movement are interconvertible and several moving cells, including tumor cells, show an high degree of plasticity in motility styles shifting ad hoc between mesenchymal or amoeboid movements. (biomedcentral.com)
  • This review will focus on the role of Rac and Rho small GTPases in cell motility and in the complex relationship driving the reciprocal control between Rac and Rho granting for the opportunistic motile behaviour of aggressive cancer cells. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Among other members, we will focus our attention on the Rac and Rho subfamilies, as they are the main effectors of cell motility. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Areas of tumor at higher magnification show stratified columnar cells bordered by internal and external limiting membrane HE 40× (A) and 60× (B) . Positivity of the neoplastic cells for NSE 60× (C) and for CD56 60× (D) . (biomedcentral.com)
  • P-gp belongs to a group of phosphorylated glycoproteins that function in the cell membrane as efflux pumps. (ashpublications.org)
  • EL treatment reduced the density and number of F-actin fibers in lung cancer cell lines, and reduced the number and size of focal adhesions. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Consistent with the latter observation, we show that IRF4 can regulate the IL-10 promoter in B cells. (prelekara.sk)
  • Some proto-oncogenes work to regulate cell death. (cancerquest.org)
  • 2019. IL-33 mediated mast cell activation promotes gastric cancer through macrophage mobilization . (cardiff.ac.uk)
  • For example, Rac1-dependent pathway inhibition resulted in the reversal of tumour cell phenotypes, suggesting Rac1 as a predictive marker and therapeutic target for trastuzumab-resistant breast cancer. (wikipedia.org)
  • In addition it depends on Rac1-mediated cell polarization and lamellipodia formation. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Constitutional syndromes such as Down syndrome and ataxia-telangiectasia are associated with increased risk of B-cell-ALL (with CRLF2 rearrangement) and T-cell-ALL, respectively. (haematologica.org)
  • Ack1 is present in all cell types however it is more abundant in spleen, thymus and brain tissue. (tocris.com)
  • My research is interested in how cell signalling regulates cell function in normal tissue, stem cells and tumours to gain insight into how cancer is initiated, grows and metastasises. (cardiff.ac.uk)
  • Relative levels of EPB41L4A-AS1 and UNC5B-AS1 were detected in osteosarcoma tissue samples and cells. (biomedcentral.com)
  • LncRNAs have been found to play key roles in a variety of cells in bone tissue. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Single cell mesenchymal-type movement is characterized by an elongated cellular shape and again requires extracellular proteolysis and integrin engagement. (biomedcentral.com)
  • At molecular level, these processes may be triggered by epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and necessitates specific alterations in cell metabolism. (biomedcentral.com)
  • This review will discuss the metabolic reprogramming of cancer, possible explanations for the high glucose consumption in cancer cells observed by Warburg, and suggest key experimental practices we should consider when studying the metabolism of cancer. (researchgate.net)
  • Western blot analysis demonstrated that these effects correlated with an increase in the level of the tumor suppressor p53 and a decrease in the level and activity of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), an enzyme involved in the metabolism of cancer cells. (edu.lb)
  • Advances in research techniques since then have shown the mitochondria in cancer cells to be functional across a range of tumour types. (researchgate.net)
  • Curcumin can help protect against cancer initiation, slow its growth when it occurs, and even sensitize cancer cells to treatment. (beatcancer.org)
  • Enhance Immune Surveillance - Curcumin prevents cancer cells from evading normal immune system detection and improves the body's ability to detect and destroy malignant cells. (beatcancer.org)
  • Non-toxic concentrations of EL were identified for A549 and H460 human lung cancer cells by conducting 3-(4, 5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-Dephenyltetrazolium Bromide (MTT) assays. (biomedcentral.com)
  • i.e ., radiation or chemotherapy) provide temporary palliation, but eventually prostate cancer cells become resistant to chemotherapy and radiation, with ensuing failure to control tumor growth. (aacrjournals.org)
  • Several mechanisms have been proposed to account for the development of androgen independence in prostate cancer cells (4) . (aacrjournals.org)
  • Influential research by Warburg and Cori in the 1920s ignited interest in how cancer cells' energy generation is different from that of normal cells. (researchgate.net)
  • They observed high glucose consumption and large amounts of lactate excretion from cancer cells compared with normal cells, which oxidised glucose using mitochondria. (researchgate.net)
  • Here, employing an inducible B cell expression system, we have determined that M2 activates the NFAT pathway in a Src kinase-dependent manner - leading to induction of the plasma cell-associated transcription factor, Interferon Regulatory Factor-4 (IRF4). (prelekara.sk)
  • [ 2 ] In most instances the luminal epithelial cells undergo malignant change, though a combination of epithelial and myoepithelial malignancy or purely myoepithelial carcinoma may also occur. (medscape.com)
  • The pathology revealed a malignant neoplasm composed of tubules, papillary structures, ribbons of primitive stratified columnar cells, vesicular nuclei, and high nuclear-cytoplasmic ratio. (biomedcentral.com)
  • However, the precise function of CLN5 in the cell and the pathway(s) regulating its function are not well understood. (frontiersin.org)
  • In primary murine B cells, addition of cyclosporine (CsA) resulted in a significant decrease in M2-induced IL-10 levels as well as IRF4 expression, emphasizing the importance of the NFAT pathway in M2- mediated induction of IL-10. (prelekara.sk)
  • Furthermore, the absence of M2 in vivo leads to a defect in the appearance of MHV68 infected plasma cells in the spleen at the peak of MHV68 latency. (prelekara.sk)
  • Graft versus host disease (GVHD), a severe immunogenic complication of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT), represents the most frequent cause of transplant-related mortality (TRM). (hindawi.com)
  • Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) offers the only curative modality for many hematological disorders. (hindawi.com)
  • Cell Stem Cell 27(4), pp. 646-662.E7. (cardiff.ac.uk)
  • 75 years old) followed by cytarabine consolidations and/or allogeneic stem-cell transplantation (ASCT). (dovepress.com)
  • Western blot analysis showed that the expression of programmed cell death 4 (PDCD4), which was predicted as the target gene of miR-183 by microarray profiling and bioinformatics predictions, decreased when miR-183 was over-expressed. (molcells.org)
  • Vinculin expression in focal adhesions upon EL treatment was determined by immunocytochemistry. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Besides the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-alpha, IL-1beta, and IL-6), the increased expression of receptor repertoire (pattern recognition receptors, PRR) on APCs, mostly macrophages and dendritic cells, occurs as a result of the release of endogenous and exogenous antigens (damage-associated molecular patterns, DAMPs, and pathogen-associated molecular patterns, PAMPs). (hindawi.com)
  • The present study explored the expression and potential role of TRIM13 in non-small-cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC). (cancerindex.org)
  • Furthermore, we show that expression of IRF4 alone in a B cell line up-regulates IL-10 expression in culture supernatants, revealing a novel role for IRF4 in B cell induced IL-10. (prelekara.sk)
  • Mechanistically, our studies showed that knockdown of Annexin A2 increased the expression of p53, which in turn, induced cell cycle G2 arrest and inhibited epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT). (jcancer.org)
  • In the present study, we explored the oncogenic roles of miR-183 in ESCC by gain and loss of function analysis in an esophageal cancer cell line (EC9706). (molcells.org)
  • Pearson correlation analysis further confirmed the significant negative correlation between miR-183 and PDCD4 in both cell lines and in ESCC patients. (molcells.org)
  • Current data indicates that anti-tumor T cell-mediated immunity correlates with a better prognosis in cancer patients. (encyclopedia.pub)
  • Levels of EPB41L4A-AS1 and UNC5B-AS1 were upregulated in osteosarcoma patients and cells compared with the healthy participants and normal cell lines. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In addition, GYNECARE INTERCEED absorbable adhesion barrier use resulted in 62 fewer cases of patients developing adhesions. (endometriosi.it)
  • However, the concurrent knockdown of RPS3 and p53 showed no change in LDH level in Caco-2 cells suggesting an interesting interplay among the three proteins. (edu.lb)
  • Bortezomib has been studied extensively in vitro and in vivo , and anticancer activity has been seen in cell and animal models for several solid tumor types, including prostate cancer. (aacrjournals.org)
  • Likewise, in the early stages of prostate cancer, the growth of cancerous prostatic epithelial cells is often androgen dependent (3) . (aacrjournals.org)
  • Ack1 is activated by growth factor binding and by homodimerization induced by cell adhesion. (tocris.com)
  • Androgens are necessary for normal prostate cell growth (1) , and in animal models, androgen ablation causes cell atrophy and death of prostate epithelial cells (2) . (aacrjournals.org)
  • When this process does not occur properly, unregulated cell growth may be the end result. (cancerquest.org)
  • This receptor is found in moderate levels on some normal cells and as the gene's name implies, it is involved in cellular responses to growth factors. (cancerquest.org)
  • As shown below, binding of the growth factor can lead to cell division. (cancerquest.org)