• These data reveal that the microtubule depolymerization activity of kinesin-8 originates from conformational changes of its motor core that are amplified by dynamic contacts between its extended loop-2 and tubulin. (nature.com)
  • We propose that these tubulin shape-induced alternations between pro-microtubule-depolymerization and pro-motility kinesin states, regulated by loop-2, are the key to the dual activity of kinesin-8 motors. (nature.com)
  • A lack of high-resolution structures capturing a kinesin-8 motor domain at each major step of its motile and microtubule depolymerization cycles has limited our understanding of the relationship between these two catalytic cycles and the structural elements of the motor domain that control them. (nature.com)
  • At this time, our knowledge of the catalytic cycles of kinesins is limited to motile kinesins that are incapable of microtubule depolymerization, and to microtubule-depolymerizing kinesins that are non-motile. (nature.com)
  • PHOSPHORYLATION of stathmin occurs during CELL CYCLE progression, and stathmin functions as a microtubule-destabilizing protein that promotes MICROTUBULE depolymerization during INTERPHASE and late MITOSIS. (bvsalud.org)
  • In Planá, near Mariánské Lázně, the Petrolia company plans to build a facility for the thermal depolymerization of plastics. (arnika.org)
  • Lower depolymerization temperatures allow PLA fibers to be removed from a fully cured epoxy thermoset resin without causing significant thermal damage to the epoxy. (illinois.edu)
  • The contribution of the solvent to the depolymerization reaction was mainly the dissolution and dispersion of feedstock by solvation, therefore reducing thermal cracking temperature through enhanced mass and thermal energy transfer. (elsevierpure.com)
  • In thermal liquefaction, solvent and feedstock had a low level of solvolysis reactions, so the depolymerization reaction mainly follows thermal cracking. (elsevierpure.com)
  • PTF technology typically involves thermal depolymerization, which breaks down the plastic waste into smaller molecules through a heating and pressure process. (marketresearchcommunity.com)
  • We propose that VIS1 contributes to physiochemical properties of juice, including pectin depolymerization, by reducing thermal denaturation of depolymerizing enzymes during daytime elevated temperatures. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Extracellular enzymatic depolymerization of polymeric organic nitrogen (PON) is a rate-limiting step in N mineralization. (slu.se)
  • By proposing how differences between mineralization-depolymerase relationships for soils differing in aggregation status might, with assumptions, be interpreted to identify the role of physical occlusion in protection of PON, we give new insight on the regulation of enzymatic depolymerization by physical protection through macro aggregation for soils from contrasting land use. (slu.se)
  • Tinzaparin sodium is the sodium salt of a low molecular weight heparin obtained by controlled enzymatic depolymerization of heparin from porcine intestinal mucosa using heparinase from Flavobacterium heparinum . (rxlist.com)
  • The measured physicochemical properties will help in proposing potential valorisation routes for these lignin streams within the project scope, focusing on their depolymerisation and subsequent biological conversion to value-added chemicals and fuels. (lu.se)
  • Enzymatic depolymerisation of lignin using enzymes is evaluated both as complementary process and in combination with catalytic depolymerisation. (lu.se)
  • Above the ceiling temperature, the rate of depolymerization is greater than the rate of polymerization, which inhibits the formation of the given polymer. (wikipedia.org)
  • Microtubule polymerization and depolymerization dynamics were examined in living cells and under cell-free conditions. (cytoskeleton.com)
  • The spindle microtubule (MT) exhibits highly regulated dynamic instability, with frequent polymerization and depolymerization occurring at both the plus and minus ends. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The instability of MT dynamics depends heavily on mitotic kinesins, a class of molecular motors, which use the energy from ATP hydrolysis to translocate along the MT or control MT dynamics by facilitating MT polymerization and depolymerization at both ends. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In addition, coordination of MT polymerization/depolymerization at both ends to maintain the size and shape of mitotic spindles is also critical for the proper formation and function of the mitotic spindle. (biomedcentral.com)
  • It interrupts the actin polymerization-depolymerization cycle and impairs cell membrane function. (medscape.com)
  • The time evolution of catalytic depolymerization of PLA fiber is investigated by gel permeation chromatography (GPC). (illinois.edu)
  • Here, we show combined ultragreen chemical and biocatalytic depolymerization of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) using deep eutectic solvent (DES)-based low-energy microwave (MW) treatment followed by enzymatic hydrolysis. (thea.ie)
  • The combined MW-assisted DES depolymerization and enzymatic hydrolysis of the treated PET residue using LCC variant ICCG resulted in a total monomer conversion of ≈16% (w/w) in the form of terephthalic acid, mono-(2-hydroxyethyl) terephthalate, and bis-(2-hydroxyethyl) terephthalate. (thea.ie)
  • In other cases, such as polyethylene, depolymerization gives a mixture of products. (wikipedia.org)
  • Depolymerization of polyethylene (PE) is one of the most challenging tasks in the chemical upcycling of PE-based plastic wastes because the disassociation of the stable carbon-carbon bonds in PE is only possible at a very high reaction temperature. (elsevierpure.com)
  • Depolymerization catalysts for the feedstock recycling of PLLA have been investigated by our group, which have paid particular attention to alkali earth metals, such as magnesium oxide (MgO) [ 10 ], which acted as an effective catalyst for the depolymerization of PLLA in a temperature range of 250-300 ° C with slight racemization to meso -lactide. (hindawi.com)
  • surprisingly, it was found that small amounts of commonly applied carbonylation catalysts slow down the depolymerization process significantly. (uu.nl)
  • Catalysts that increase PLA depolymerization rates are explored and methods to incorporate them into commercially available PLA fibers by a solvent mixture impregnating technique are tested. (illinois.edu)
  • In the present study, the most active catalysts are identified that are capable of lowering the depolymerization temperature of modified PLA fibers by ca. 100 °C as compared to unmodified ones. (illinois.edu)
  • The homogeneous reductive depolymerization of polyesters and polycarbonates with hydroboranes is achieved with the use of an f-metal complex catalyst. (hal.science)
  • Highlighted examples include plastic waste depolymerization, unconventional carbon utilization, and feedstock expansions. (sjsu.edu)
  • A novel small heat shock protein gene, vis1, contributes to pectin depolymerization and juice viscosity in tomato fruit. (ox.ac.uk)
  • We have characterized a novel small heat shock protein gene, viscosity 1 (vis1) from tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) and provide evidence that it plays a role in pectin depolymerization and juice viscosity in ripening fruits. (ox.ac.uk)
  • For future work, I am keen to add methods to measure gross phosphorus mineralization ( 33 P pool-dilution) and gross protein depolymerization ( 15 N pool-dilution) to my tool-box. (lu.se)
  • The optimal depolymerization conditions here reported for GFR PET composites represent another step towards a total recycling system that includes not only pure polymers but also composites, commonly present in daily life. (magritek.com)
  • Recent research efforts include development enzymes and microbial processes for the depolymerization and valorization of plastic waste and other waste carbon sources. (sjsu.edu)
  • On curved microtubule ends, loop-1 inserts into preceding motor domains, forming head-to-tail arrays of kinesin-8s that complement loop-2 contacts with curved tubulin and assist depolymerization. (nature.com)
  • An important gap in our understanding of the kinesin-8 depolymerization mechanism is the lack of a kinesin-8 structure bound to curved tubulin. (nature.com)
  • This abundant solvent is a great prospect for the production of xylose from the depolymerization of hemicellulosic-rich biomass. (vitaliybudarin.com)
  • Herein, the process of NaCl promoted depolymerization of xylo-oligomers to xylose through use of seawater and NaCl, under microwave hydrolytic conditions, is investigated by systematic kinetic study assisted by deuterated agents. (vitaliybudarin.com)
  • the first-of-a-kind manufacturing plant for microwave assisted depolymerization of PET in partnership with Intecsa Industrial. (gr3n-recycling.com)
  • gr3n to build in Spain - the first-of-a-kind manufacturing plant for microwave assisted depolymerization of PET in partnership with Intecsa Industrial. (gr3n-recycling.com)
  • This is a huge step for gr3n, as it will allow us to grow even more, showing enhanced recycling is something tangible and that it is possible to bring MADE, our Microwave Assisted Depolymerization, to market," said Maurizio Crippa, gr3n Founder and Chief Executive Officer. (gr3n-recycling.com)
  • Depolymerization (or depolymerisation) is the process of converting a polymer into a monomer or a mixture of monomers. (wikipedia.org)
  • Depolymerization is a very common process. (wikipedia.org)
  • The various different products obtained from the depolymerisation process have clear access to the market, and this also depends on the country in which the technology is installed. (idroedil.eu)
  • NaCl was observed to generate acidic products from residual xylose structure, rate limiting the process, but providing acids that simultaneously catalyzed the depolymerization of xylose-oligomers. (vitaliybudarin.com)
  • The high concentration of Cl- in seawater was observed to significantly enhance the depolymerization process. (vitaliybudarin.com)
  • We have investigated the depolymerization process of paraformaldehyde at different temperatures for the application as C1 surrogate in "CO-free" carbonylation reactions using in situ Raman spectroscopy. (uu.nl)
  • Such high monomer conversion in comparison to enzymatically hydrolyzed virgin PET (1.56% (w/w)) could be attributed to the recognized depolymerization effect of the selected DES MW treatment process. (thea.ie)
  • The enzyme was able to complete a "circular process" of breaking down the plastic into smaller parts, a process known as depolymerization, and then chemically putting it back together, repolymerization. (ens-newswire.com)
  • Depolymerization is also related to production of chemicals and fuels from biomass. (wikipedia.org)
  • Digestion of food involves depolymerization of macromolecules, such as proteins. (wikipedia.org)
  • Sometimes the depolymerization is well behaved, and clean monomers can be reclaimed and reused for making new plastic. (wikipedia.org)
  • Blends of poly(L-lactic acid) (PLLA) and polypropylene (PP), which are candidates for the practical use of PLLA, were investigated for selective degradation of PLLA, resulting in quantitative conversion of PLLA components into cyclic monomers, lactides, using magnesium oxide (MgO) as a depolymerization catalyst. (hindawi.com)
  • Depolymerisation of the aliphatic macromolecular polyesters in maize leaves: comparison of methods. (cnrs.fr)
  • In agreement with the enhanced matrix depolymerization observed in the TGA measurements, higher temperatures also caused a decrease in T g , as measured by DSC. (astm.org)
  • In the present study, glass fiber reinforced (GFR) PET composites were submitted to depolymerization using the KMH system, and it was verified that more strict conditions were required for full depolymerization of GFR pellets than for pure PET pellets. (magritek.com)
  • In particular, the relative weight loss upon heating the previously exposed material from 150 to 300°C was found to be indicative of the extent of matrix depolymerization. (astm.org)
  • The green chemistry metrics reflect that our system is more efficient than most of the depolymerization systems found in the literature. (magritek.com)
  • The optimization of depolymerization conditions permitted 100% depolymerization within 5 min of reaction at 120 °C using 30 mL of KMH solution per g of composite. (magritek.com)
  • LMWH is prepared from UH via filtration and enzymatic or chemical depolymerization. (medscape.com)
  • The depolymerization of hemicellulose is essential in the downstream processing of biomass within a biorefinery, with the search for energy efficient selective pathways for its conversion presenting a significant challenge. (vitaliybudarin.com)
  • Acetic acid buffers caused significant matrix depolymerization. (astm.org)
  • These results indicate that PIP4KIIγ and PIP2 may negatively regulate the MT depolymerization activity of MCAK by reducing PLK1-mediated phosphorylation of MCAK. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Moreover, the dynamers showed a clear adaptive behavior, displaying depolymerization and rearrangement of the dynamer chains in response to alternative building blocks as external stimuli. (diva-portal.org)
  • In the reactions involving 1,4-dinitrobutane and 1,5-dinitropentane, specific macrocycles were formed through depolymerization of the linear chains, further driven by precipitation. (diva-portal.org)