• Upon binding of dsDNA, cGAS produces a cyclic di-nucleotide molecule, cGAMP. (monash.edu)
  • The interaction with the non-selective PDE (cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase) inhibitor 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine (IBMX) was tested after three days. (scirp.org)
  • A cyclic nucleotide, unlike other nucleotides, has a cyclic bond arrangement between the ribose sugar and the phosphate group. (pancreapedia.org)
  • A cyclase enzyme (lyase) catalyzes the formation of the cyclic nucleotide from its nucleotide triphosphate precursor ( Figure 1 ). (pancreapedia.org)
  • Cyclic nucleotides form when the phosphate group of the molecule of nucleotide triphosphate (ATP or GTP) is attacked by the 3' hydroxyl group of the ribose, forming a cyclic 3',5'-phosphate ester with release of pyrophosphate. (pancreapedia.org)
  • Cyclic nucleotide signaling can be initiated by two general mechanisms. (pancreapedia.org)
  • After a ligand binds to the GPCR, it activates a heterotrimeric G-protein, which is composed of three subunits: a guanine nucleotide binding α-subunit, and a βγ-heterodimer (98). (pancreapedia.org)
  • The end products of this catalytic reaction are a cyclic nucleotide (cyclic AMP or cyclic GMP) and a pyrophosphate group. (pancreapedia.org)
  • SE50/110, but that its metabolism is coupled to the nucleotide messenger system of c-di-GMP. (frontiersin.org)
  • Considerably higher resistance against cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterases compared to dibutyryl or 8-Br-cAMP, no metabolic side effects. (biolog.de)
  • Zinc helps to enhance the interferon type 1 response to the virus and participates in many regulatory pathways. (frontiersin.org)
  • Conclusions These outcomes implicate CA-074 Methyl Ester novel inhibtior the myometrium as an important regulator of endocrine hormone (cortisol and progesterone synthesis) and signaling pathways (cyclic AMP and cyclic GMP arousal) that immediate quiescence via the transcripitional upregulation of both book and previously linked regulators. (researchensemble.com)
  • While types distinctions in labor legislation have been noticed, a few common signaling elements and pathways have already been implicated as essential regulators across species. (researchensemble.com)
  • Several these regulators induce cyclic AMP (cAMP)- and cGMP-mediated signaling pathways. (researchensemble.com)
  • Many of these proteins take part in pathways that stimulate calcium mineral release (for instance, calcium-calmodulin G proteins signaling) and the forming of intracellular junctions, resulting in arousal of contractions. (researchensemble.com)
  • We herein summarize some other inflammatory signaling pathways, protein molecules, and cellular responses associated with TLRs, such as NLRP3, Nrf2, PCSK9, autophagy, pyroptosis and necroptosis, which are also involved in the development of AS. (bvsalud.org)
  • 8. WeissmanZ, ShemerR, KornitzerD (2002) Deletion of the copper transporter CaCCC2 reveals two distinct pathways for iron acquisition in Candida albicans. (prelekara.sk)
  • Other two pathways, ΔΨm/ATP/cAMP/JNK/AP-1 and ROS/Src, are also involved in LPLI-induced proliferation. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In addition to antiviral activity, it activates NATURAL KILLER CELLS and B-LYMPHOCYTES , and down-regulates VASCULAR ENDOTHELIAL GROWTH FACTOR expression through PI-3 KINASE and MAPK KINASES signaling pathways. (lookformedical.com)
  • Cl-amidine, 2′3′-cGAMP (an activator of stimulating Interferon genes (STING)), C-176 (a selective STING inhibitor), and Kira6 [a selectively phosphorylated inositol-requiring enzyme-1 alpha [IRE1α] inhibitor] were administrated to explore the mechanism by which NETs promote neuroinflammation and neuronal apoptosis after TBI. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Activator of protein kinase A (cyclic AMP agonist). (biolog.de)
  • A protein kinase C activator, 4 beta-phorbol 12 beta-myristate 13 alpha-acetate, had opposite effects on PGE1-mediated IP release and cyclic GMP formation (inhibitory) and cyclic AMP formation (stimulatory). (shengsci.com)
  • It functions as a transcriptional activator for the INTERFERON TYPE I genes. (lookformedical.com)
  • For example, prostaglandins activate G s -protein-coupled receptors and initiate cAMP- and protein kinase A (PKA)-mediated processes. (jneurosci.org)
  • Though researchers' attention and this Viewpoint focus on a few famous ion channels that are considered the usual suspects as MS mechanosensors, we also discuss some of the more unusual suspects, such as G-protein coupled receptors. (stanford.edu)
  • Here we show that efficient heme uptake relies on a family of extracellularly-anchored proteins that serve as heme receptors, two of which, at least, are required for efficient heme utilization. (prelekara.sk)
  • Our data suggest the existence of a relay system that transfers heme from one protein to the next across the cell envelope, explaining the requirement for multiple heme receptors for efficient heme-iron utilization. (prelekara.sk)
  • We conclude that LDL receptors are largely responsible for the resistance of wild type mice to atherosclerosis. (jci.org)
  • Hepatocyte growth factor receptor (c-Met), a member of tyrosine protein kinase receptors (TPKR), is phosphorylated during LPLI-induced proliferation, but tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) receptor has not been affected. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Calcium/calmodulin-dependent serine protein kinase (CASK) is a new intracellular modulator of P2X3 receptors. (shengsci.com)
  • Interferons exert their pleiotropic effects through two different receptors. (lookformedical.com)
  • The two well-established cyclic nucleotides are adenosine-3',5'-cyclic monophosphate (cyclic AMP) and guanine-3',5'-cyclic monophosphate (cyclic GMP). (pancreapedia.org)
  • stitute of 11 distinct gene families, which initiate the Carcinogenesis was induced by single tail vein injection of st sequential lcleavage of cyclic adenosine monophosphate MNU on day 1 in each animal. (sagepub.com)
  • Chen, Z.S., Lee, K. and Kruh, G.D. (2001) Transport of Cyclic Nucleotides and Estradiol 17-Beta-d-glucuronide by Multidrug Resistance Protein 4. (scirp.org)
  • Cyclic nucleotides, like other nucleotides, are composed of three functional groups: a ribose sugar, a nitrogenous base, and a single phosphate group. (pancreapedia.org)
  • There are two main groups of cyclic nucleotides: the canonical or well-established and the non-canonical or unknown-function cyclic nucleotides. (pancreapedia.org)
  • The non-canonical cyclic nucleotides include the purines inosine-3',5'-cyclic monophosphate (cyclic IMP), xanthosine-3',5'-cyclic monophosphate (cyclic XMP) and the pyrimidines cytidine-3',5'-cyclic monophosphate (cyclic cCMP), uridine-3',5'-cyclic monophosphate (cyclic UMP), and thymidine-3',5'-cyclic monophosphate (cTMP) (145). (pancreapedia.org)
  • An overview of the non-canonical cyclic nucleotides is provided in Section V. (pancreapedia.org)
  • This cyclic conformation allows cyclic nucleotides to bind to proteins to which other nucleotides cannot. (pancreapedia.org)
  • Garg, U.C. and Hassid, A. (1989) Nitric Oxide-Generating Vasodilators and 8-Bromo-cyclic Guanosine Monophosphate Inhibit Mitogenesis and Proliferation of Cultured Rat Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells. (scirp.org)
  • The first is by activation of guanylate cyclase, which promotes the conversion of guanosine triphosphate (GTP) to cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP). (trochetadalafil.com)
  • In primates, including humans, the L -arginine-nitric oxide-guanylyl cyclase-cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) pathway is the key mechanism of penile erection (Figure 1). (trochetadalafil.com)
  • The interaction of NO with guanylyl cyclase causes a conformational change in this enzyme, which results in the catalytic production of 3′-5′-cyclic guanosine monophosphate from guanosine 5′-triphosphate. (trochetadalafil.com)
  • MNU was dissolved im- (cAMP) and cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) mediately before use in glacial acetic acid and water (pH into their intermediate inactive 50 derivatives and 5- 4.5-5). (sagepub.com)
  • Mechanistically, STING ligand 2′3′-cGAMP abolished the neuroprotection of Cl-amidine via IRE1α/ASK1/JNK signaling pathway after TBI. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Altogether, we are the first to demonstrate that NETs inhibition with Cl-amidine ameliorated neuroinflammation, neuronal apoptosis, and neurological deficits via STING-dependent IRE1α/ASK1/JNK signaling pathway after TBI. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In this work, we have revealed that early viral protein UBCv1, the only known conjugating enzyme encoded by a virus, modulates innate immune and inflammatory signaling. (mdpi.com)
  • The major sensor of cytosolic double stranded (ds)DNA is the enzyme cGAS (cyclic GMP-AMP synthase). (monash.edu)
  • Neither a gene encoding a maltose phosphorylase (MalP) nor MalP enzyme activity were detected in the wild type. (frontiersin.org)
  • protein_coding" "AAC74888","manY","Escherichia coli","mannose-specific enzyme IIC component of PTS [Ensembl]. (ntu.edu.sg)
  • An enzyme group that specifically dephosphorylates phosphotyrosyl residues in selected proteins. (bvsalud.org)
  • Depending on which family the G protein is, it goes on to activate (G αs protein subunit) or inhibit (G αi protein subunit) the membrane-bound cyclase. (pancreapedia.org)
  • The potentiation was prevented in the presence of the selective PKA inhibitor PKI 14-22 , suggesting PKA-mediated phosphorylation of the heat transducer protein. (jneurosci.org)
  • Even muscle contraction is certainly inhibited with the phosphorylation of myosin light-chain kinase with the cAMP-dependent proteins kinase. (researchensemble.com)
  • PHOSPHORYLATION of IRF-3 causes the protein to be translocated from the CYTOPLASM to CELL NUCLEUS where it binds DNA , and activates transcription. (lookformedical.com)
  • Tadalafil is a known phosphodiesterase-5 Distinct metastasis and resistance development by self- (PDE-5) inhibitor, which have anti-cancer effects in vari- renewing nascent cancer cells in response with the ous types of cancer [2]. (sagepub.com)
  • This inhibition of cGMP conversion leads to 2 mg/kg, p.o. (sagepub.com)
  • Taken together, we demonstrate that for the conditions tested PilG and PilH have inverse regulatory effects on flagellum-dependent and pili-dependent motility in Xcc and that this regulatory impact depends on these proteins influences on genes/proteins involved in flagellar biosynthesis and pilus assembly. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In cytoplasm, zinc mostly binds zinc-chelating proteins called metallothioneins (MTs). (frontiersin.org)
  • The increasing cGMP binds to regulatory binding sites for protein kinase G thereby activating the catalytic units that enable protein kinase G to reduce cytosolic Ca2+ levels needed for smooth muscle contraction within blood vessels.1,2 In addition, NO is also known to cause direct activation of Ca2+-dependent K+ channels resulting in a hyperpolarization and relaxation of vascular smooth muscle cells that allow for increased blood flow. (trochetadalafil.com)
  • An interferon regulatory factor that binds upstream TRANSCRIPTIONAL REGULATORY ELEMENTS in the GENES for INTERFERON-ALPHA and INTERFERON-BETA . (lookformedical.com)
  • Preferential activation of microsomal diacylglycerol/protein kinase C signaling during glucose treatment (De Novo phospholipid synthesis) of rat adipocytes. (jci.org)
  • Glucose has been reported to increase the de novo synthesis of diacylglycerol (DAG) and translocate and activate protein kinase C (PKC) in rat adipocytes. (jci.org)
  • Like most bacteria, Xcc uses a variety of extracellular protein structures to interact with their surrounding environment and drives cellular movement. (biomedcentral.com)
  • These extracellular protein structures called flagella and pili contribute cellular movement in the form of 'swimming' and 'swarming', respectively. (biomedcentral.com)
  • One mechanism is the binding of an extracellular ligand to a transmembrane G-protein-coupled receptor (GPCR). (pancreapedia.org)
  • The receptor protein has seven transmembrane α-helices connected by alternating cytosolic and extracellular loops. (pancreapedia.org)
  • The ligand-binding site is in the extracellular domain and the cytosolic domain has a heterotrimeric G protein-binding site (127). (pancreapedia.org)
  • A Relay Network of Extracellular Heme-Binding Proteins Drives Iron Acquisition from Hemoglobin. (prelekara.sk)
  • Recently, a large number of signaling proteins reported play an important key role in the process of LPLI-induced cell proliferation, probably due to the fact that the molecular events they are involved in are the basic response of the cells to extracellular stimuli. (biomedcentral.com)
  • This occurs through the downregulation of methylmalonyl coenzyme A epimerase (MCEE), mediated by an extracellular signal-regulated kinase 2-driven transcription factor Sp1/early growth response protein 1 transcriptional switch driven by metastatic signalling at its promoter level. (biomed.news)
  • PGE1-mediated IP accumulation, cyclic GMP formation, and [Ca2+]i increase depended on both the concentration of PGE1 and extracellular calcium ions. (shengsci.com)
  • This study shows that the antiproliferative effects of SNP on HEK293 cells are mediated through cGMP - dependent and cGMP-independent mecha nisms. (scirp.org)
  • HEK293 cells had an efficient ef flux system for cGMP and the use of inside-out vesicles (IOVs) showed high affinity ATP-dependent cGMP transport with a K m value of 2.3 μM. (scirp.org)
  • Here we present evidence demonstrating the role of two single domain response regulators PilG and PilH in the antagonistic control of flagellum-dependent (swimming) and pili-dependent (swarming) motility. (biomedcentral.com)
  • These protein kinase interactions result in reduced intracellular calcium levels and a consequent relaxation of arterial and trabecular smooth muscle, leading to arterial dilatation, venous constriction, and the rigidity of penile erection. (trochetadalafil.com)
  • Pilz, R.B. and Broderick, K.E. (2005) Role of Cyclic GMP in Gene Regulation. (scirp.org)
  • Members of this class play a role in vesicular transport and in the regulation of TOR KINASES. (rush.edu)
  • We discovered that IKKe works redundantly along with TBK1, the major effector kinase downstream of STING. (monash.edu)
  • in an operon with an upstream PurR/LacI-type transcriptional regulator gene, named amlR ( ACSP50_2475 ), and a gene downstream ( ACSP50_2473 ) encoding a GGDEF-EAL-domain-containing protein putatively involved in c-di-GMP signaling. (frontiersin.org)
  • We ascribe these effects to ACSP50_2473 , which is localized downstream of amlE and presumably involved in the metabolism of the second messenger c-di-GMP. (frontiersin.org)
  • group ation of their intracellular downstream signaling mech- II (toxic control, MNU 47 mg/kg, i.v. (sagepub.com)
  • The translocation and the current potentiation were abolished in the presence of an A-kinase anchoring protein (AKAP) inhibitor. (jneurosci.org)
  • SE50/110 is the wild type of industrial production strains of the fine-chemical acarbose (acarviosyl-maltose), which is used as α-glucosidase inhibitor in the treatment of type II diabetes. (frontiersin.org)
  • Elements previously from the legislation of myometrial activation are the oxytocin receptor, difference junction proteins connexin-43, voltage-gated calcium mineral stations, prostaglandin receptor subtypes, estrogen, transcription and cortisol elements c-Jun and c-Fos. (researchensemble.com)
  • These data suggest that there may be subtypes of the PGE1 receptor in this clone: a high-affinity receptor mediating cyclic AMP formation, and a low-affinity receptor mediating IP accumulation, cyclic GMP formation, and intracellular calcium mobilization. (shengsci.com)
  • The present study investigated the role of calcium/calmodulin-dependent serine protein kinase (CASK) in interacti. (shengsci.com)
  • Using lately developed useful mapping equipment (HOPACH (hierarchical purchased partitioning and collapsing cross types) and GenMAPP 2.0), we've identified new potential transcriptional regulatory gene systems mediating the changeover from quiescence to term activation. (researchensemble.com)
  • MNU 47 mg/kg, i.v.) and group IV (Tada- activate protein kinase G and map kinase pathway of lafil 4 mg/kg, p.o. (sagepub.com)
  • Mouse monoclonal to CD64.CT101 reacts with high affinity receptor for IgG (FcyRI), a 75 kDa type 1 trasmembrane glycoprotein. (researchensemble.com)
  • Alpha-crystallins also act as molecular chaperones that bind to denatured proteins, keep them in solution and thereby maintain the translucency of the lens. (lookformedical.com)
  • IRF proteins bind specific DNA sequences such as interferon-stimulated response elements, interferon regulatory elements, and the interferon consensus sequence. (lookformedical.com)
  • Stat1 interacts with P53 TUMOR SUPPRESSOR PROTEIN and regulates expression of GENES involved in growth control and APOPTOSIS . (lookformedical.com)
  • CD64 play a role in phagocytosis, and dependent cellular cytotoxicity ( ADCC). (researchensemble.com)
  • MS membrane proteins are essential for tissue development, cellular motion, osmotic homeostasis, and sensing external and self-generated mechanical cues like those responsible for touch and proprioception. (stanford.edu)
  • Apart from exciting nociceptors, inflammatory mediators increase nociceptor responsiveness, frequently by initiating G-protein-mediated processes, to cause hyperalgesia. (jneurosci.org)
  • Non-antibody proteins secreted by inflammatory leukocytes and some non-leukocytic cells, that act as intercellular mediators. (lookformedical.com)
  • Similar current changes after PKA activation were obtained from human embryonic kidney 293t cells transfected with the wild-type heat transducer protein vanilloid receptor 1 (VR-1). (jneurosci.org)
  • The interferon alpha-beta receptor signals through the action of JANUS KINASES such as the TYK2 KINASE. (lookformedical.com)
  • Two aspartic acid residues in the active site of the cyclase (AC or GC) promotes the binding of ATP. (pancreapedia.org)
  • PKA regulatory subunits were found in close vicinity to the plasma membrane in these neurons, and PKA catalytic subunits only translocated to the cell periphery when activated. (jneurosci.org)
  • The proteins exist as large oligomers that are formed from ALPHA-CRYSTALLIN A CHAIN and ALPHA-CRYSTALLIN B CHAIN subunits. (lookformedical.com)
  • It is composed of two subunits referred to as IFNAR1 and IFNAR2. (lookformedical.com)
  • Countervailing Influences of Nitric Oxide and Angiotensin II. (scirp.org)
  • During middle to past due gestation, myometrial quiescence is certainly maintained by many contractile inhibitors, such as for example relaxin, adrenomedullin, nitric oxide, progesterone and prostacyclin [1,2]. (researchensemble.com)
  • Mechanosensitive membrane proteins: Usual and unusual suspects in mediating mechanotransduction. (stanford.edu)
  • This Viewpoint, which accompanies a Special Issue focusing on membrane mechanosensors, discusses unifying and unique features of both established and emerging mechanosensitive (MS) membrane proteins, their distribution across protein families and phyla, and current and future challenges in the study of these important proteins and their partners. (stanford.edu)
  • As the field continues to grow, so too will the list of proteins suspected to function as mechanosensors and the diversity of known MS membrane proteins. (stanford.edu)
  • 15. KulkarniRD, KelkarHS, DeanRA (2003) An eight-cysteine-containing CFEM domain unique to a group of fungal membrane proteins. (prelekara.sk)
  • An interleukin-1 subtype that is synthesized as an inactive membrane-bound pro-protein. (lookformedical.com)
  • An 11-kDa protein associated with the outer membrane of many cells including lymphocytes. (lookformedical.com)
  • A heterogeneous family of water-soluble structural proteins found in cells of the vertebrate lens. (lookformedical.com)
  • Proteins secreted by vertebrate cells in response to a wide variety of inducers. (lookformedical.com)
  • Accumulation of misfolded proteins and alterations in the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway are associated with various neurodegenerative conditions of the CNS and PNS. (shengsci.com)
  • Aggregates containing ubiquitin and peripheral myelin protein 22 (PMP22) have been observed in the Trembler J mouse model of Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease ty. (shengsci.com)
  • Zinc's functions can be classified as catalytic, structural, and regulatory ( 2 ). (frontiersin.org)
  • There was more than a 10-fold difference between the ED50 for PGE1 at cyclic AMP formation (70 nM) and its ED50 values at IP accumulation (1 microM), cyclic GMP formation (2 microM), and [Ca2+]i increase (5 microM). (shengsci.com)
  • PGE1 had more potent intrinsic activity in cyclic AMP formation, IP accumulation, and cyclic GMP formation than did PGE2, PGF2 alpha, or PGD2. (shengsci.com)
  • Recently, the signaling proteins involved in LPLI-induced proliferation merit special attention, some of which are regulated by mitochondrial signaling. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Endothelial cell lineage tracing showed that BNP directly stimulated the proliferation of resident endothelial cells via NPR-A binding and p38 MAP kinase activation. (elifesciences.org)
  • History CA-074 Methyl Ester novel inhibtior The initiation of mammalian labor is certainly a complicated physiological process that will require the appearance and secretion of several elements, both maternal and fetal [1,2]. (researchensemble.com)
  • Quorum sensing is a type of bacterial communication that occurs via the secretion of autoinducer molecules (5). (kenyon.edu)
  • At steady state, STING is an endoplasmic reticulum (ER) resident protein that exists as a preformed dimer. (monash.edu)
  • Association with beta 2-microglobulin is generally required for the transport of class I heavy chains from the endoplasmic reticulum to the cell surface. (lookformedical.com)
  • Internal zinc homeostasis is regulated by the cooperative activities of two metal transporter protein families. (frontiersin.org)
  • 2002) The siderophore iron transporter of Candida albicans (Sit1p/Arn1p) mediates uptake of ferrichrome-type siderophores and is required for epithelial invasion. (prelekara.sk)
  • The peptide transporter carbon starvation (CstA) family (transporter classification [TC] 2.A.114) belongs to the second largest superfamily of secondary transporters, the amino acid/polyamine/organocation (APC) superfamily. (cipsm.de)
  • Transcription of the aml operon is significantly repressed in the wild type when growing on glucose and repression is absent in an Δ amlR deletion mutant. (frontiersin.org)
  • protein_coding" "AAC74185","ptsG","Escherichia coli","fused glucose-specific PTS enzymes: IIB component/IIC component [Ensembl]. (ntu.edu.sg)
  • 4 According to the number of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes, tumors can be divided into three phenotypes: immune-inflamed, immune-excluded, and immune-desert types. (nature.com)
  • Here, we review mechanisms of mitochondrial gene expression with a focus on the recent findings in the field of mammalian mtDNA transcription and disease phenotypes caused by defects in proteins involved in this process. (biomed.news)
  • A phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase subclass that includes enzymes whose specificity is limited to 1-phosphatidylinositol. (rush.edu)
  • By sequence similarity analysis and functional assays from the species Streptomyces lividans TK23, S. coelicolor A3(2) and S. glaucescens GLA.O, first hints for a widespread lack of MalP and presence of AmlE in the class Actinobacteria were given. (frontiersin.org)
  • Supplementary MaterialsAdditional data file 1 A figure showing the TaqMan vs GeneChip gene expression patterns gb-2005-6-2-r12-s1. (researchensemble.com)
  • . campestris ( Xcc ) involves the coordinate expression of many virulence factors, including surface appendages flagellum and type IV pili, which are required for pathogenesis and the colonization of host tissues. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The ferritin-like Dps protein is required for Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium oxidative stress Our investigations indicate that Salmonella have leveraged the regulatory activity that Gre factors directly promote gapA gene expression, we visualized the products of the fluorescence vesicle suspension from entering into the metabolite inlet but did not attempt to extract the mean change in the Salmonella enterica. (mister-finch.com)
  • It has been implicated in the expression of CLASS II HISTOCOMPATIBILITY ANTIGENS in cells that do not normally produce them, leading to AUTOIMMUNE DISEASES. (lookformedical.com)
  • Roquin proteins preclude spontaneous T cell activation and aberrant differentiation of T follicular helper (Tfh) or T helper 17 (Th17) cells. (cipsm.de)
  • Here we showed that deletion of Roquin-encoding alleles specifically in regulatory T (Treg) cells also caused the activation of conventional T cells. (cipsm.de)
  • LPLI-induced cell cycle progression can be regulated by the activation or elevated expressions of cell cycle-specific proteins. (biomedcentral.com)
  • One study reported an increased survival benefit with simultaneous RT compared with sequential administration, 8 while another study found no significant difference between the two strategies, 9 possibly because simultaneous RT plus immunotherapy and the administration of an ICI before RT may kill cancer cells as well a substantial number of immune cells, leading to poor systemic response and toxic side effects. (nature.com)
  • One of the type I interferons produced by fibroblasts in response to stimulation by live or inactivated virus or by double-stranded RNA. (lookformedical.com)
  • It is structurally different from TYPE I INTERFERON and its major activity is immunoregulation. (lookformedical.com)
  • An interferon regulatory factor that is expressed constitutively and undergoes POST-TRANSLATIONAL MODIFICATION following viral infection. (lookformedical.com)
  • genes in peripheral blood of at-risk, new-onset and long-term type 1 DM , and healthy controls. (indexindex.com)
  • One of the type I interferons produced by peripheral blood leukocytes or lymphoblastoid cells. (lookformedical.com)