- The dentate gyrus (DG) is part of the hippocampal formation in the temporal lobe of the brain, which also includes the hippocampus and the subiculum. (wikipedia.org)
- The dentate gyrus, like the hippocampus, consists of three distinct layers: an outer molecular layer, a middle granule cell layer, and an inner polymorphic layer. (wikipedia.org)
- The polymorphic layer is also the hilus of the dentate gyrus (CA4, the junction of the hippocampus and dentate gyrus). (wikipedia.org)
- The dentate gyrus provides the main input to the hippocampus. (scienceopen.com)
- Excitatory hilar mossy cells (MCs) in the dentate gyrus receive inputs from dentate granule cells (GCs) and project back to GCs locally, contralaterally, and along the longitudinal axis of the hippocampus, thereby establishing an associative positive-feedback loop and connecting functionally diverse hippocampal areas. (nih.gov)
- Although synaptic plasticity is induced easily, the extent of AMPA and NMDA receptor mobility after LTP is unknown in the adult, intact hippocampus. (unboundmedicine.com)
- By the treatment of CDK4 inhibitor, the induction or the maintenance of Long-term potentiation (LTP) in response to a strong tetanus and NMDA receptor-dependent long-term depression (LTD) were normal in hippocampus. (biomedcentral.com)
- The idea that an NMDA receptor (NMDAR)-dependent long-term potentiation-like process in the hippocampus is the neural substrate for associative spatial learning and memory has proved to be extremely popular and influential. (ox.ac.uk)
- Uential UVD procedure, involving intratympanic sodium arsanilate injections (i.e., one ear, followed several weeks later by the other ear), and observed a significant increase in the NMDA receptor Bmax and a decrease in Kd in the hippocampus. (bet-bromodomain.com)
- The aim of the present study was to investigate the expression of several glutamate receptor 11967625 subunits and calmodulin kinase IIa (CaMKIIa) in the CA1, CA2/3 and dentate gyrus (DG) subregions of the hippocampus, at various time points following BVD, using western blotting. (bet-bromodomain.com)
- Previous studies have confirmed, using temporal bone histology, that this.Uential UVD procedure, involving intratympanic sodium arsanilate injections (i.e., one ear, followed several weeks later by the other ear), and observed a significant increase in the NMDA receptor Bmax and a decrease in Kd in the hippocampus. (bet-bromodomain.com)
- Summary: The present study was designed to investigate the effect of selective immunolesions of cholinergic and GABA- ergic SH projection neurons (using 192 IgG-saporin and GAT-1 saporin, respectively) on spatial memory assessed in water maze and the N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor GluN2B subunit expression in the rat hippocampus. (atsbio.com)
- In fact, chronic treatment with imipramine increased BDNF mRNA levels in the dentate gyrus of the dorsal hippocampus (Larsen et al. (a-inhibitor.com)
- 2011) also pointed to increase on the BDNF levels with imipramine in the prefrontal cortex, hippocampus and amygdala by imunoblot, its effects were more pronounced when co-administrated with ketamine, an antagonist of NMDA receptor. (a-inhibitor.com)
- 2018. Progesterone receptor expression in Cajal-Retzius cells of the developing rat dentate gyrus: potential role in hippocampus-dependent memory. . (cornell.edu)
- Whereas in the acute phase of the disease immunoregulatory processes prevail in the hippocampus and the cortex, we observed a strong activation of neurogenic processes in the hippocampal dentate gyrus, both by gene expression and immunohistology starting as early as 3 days after infection. (biomedcentral.com)
- NR1(deltaDG) mice displayed severely impaired long-term potentiation (LTP) in both medial and lateral perforant path inputs to the dentate gyrus, whereas LTP was unchanged in CA3-to-CA1 cell synapses in hippocampal slices. (ox.ac.uk)
- The trisynaptic circuit consists of excitatory cells (mostly stellate cells) in layer II of the entorhinal cortex, projecting to the granule cell layer of the dentate gyrus via the perforant path. (wikipedia.org)
- To test whether AMPA or NMDAR subunits undergo activity-dependent modifications in adult hippocampal synapses, we induced LTP at perforant path-dentate gyrus (DG) synapses in anesthetized adult rats, using high frequency stimulation (HFS), verified layer-specific Arc induction, and analyzed the distribution of postsynaptic AMPA and NMDAR subunits, using immunogold electron microscopy. (unboundmedicine.com)
- Hippocampal NMDA receptors are important for behavioural inhibition but not for encoding associative spatial memories. (ox.ac.uk)
- N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors are important in many instances of synaptic plasticity. (omeka.net)
- Both induction and propagation of LTP required correlated spiking of the postsynaptic cell as well as the activation of the NMDA subtype of glutamate receptors. (jneurosci.org)
- Insufficient activation of NMDA glutamate receptors or excessive activation of GABA-A receptors triggers widespread apoptotic neurodegeneration. (wustl.edu)
- The present results show that dissociations between spatial working memory and spatial reference memory can be induced by disrupting synaptic plasticity specifically and exclusively within the dentate gyrus subfield of the hippocampal formation. (ox.ac.uk)
- However, whether significant neurogenesis exists in the adult human dentate gyrus has been a matter of debate. (wikipedia.org)
- The granule cell precursors remain in a subgranular zone that becomes progressively thinner as the dentate gyrus grows, but these precursor cells are retained in adult rats. (wikipedia.org)
- Additionally I am studying the significance of the close relationship of dentate gyrus generated adult stem cell apical processes to the local vascular periphery. (wustl.edu)
- Here we generated genetically modified mice (NR1(deltaDG) mice) exhibiting complete loss of the NR1 subunit of the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor specifically in the granule cells of the dentate gyrus. (ox.ac.uk)
- Erreger K, Dravid SM, Banke TG, Wyllie DJ, Traynelis SF (2005) Subunit-specific gating controls rat NR1/NR2A and NR1/NR2B NMDA channel kinetics and synaptic signalling profiles. (yale.edu)
- For the NMDA receptor, the NR1 subunit was analysed because it is necessary for NMDA receptor function, binding the co-agonist, glycine, while the NR2 subunit binds glutamate [18]. (bet-bromodomain.com)
- Kruashvili L, Dashniani M, Beselia G, Chkhikvishvili N (2018) Expression of NR2B subunit of the NMDA receptor and spatial long-term memory in medial septal lesioned rats. (atsbio.com)
- Most lateral views of the dentate gyrus may appear to suggest a structure consisting of just one entity, but medial movement may provide evidence of the ventral and dorsal parts of the dentate gyrus. (wikipedia.org)
- 2017. Redistribution of NMDA Receptors in Estrogen-Receptor-β-Containing Paraventricular Hypothalamic Neurons following Slow-Pressor Angiotensin II Hypertension in Female Mice with Accelerated Ovarian Failure. . (cornell.edu)
- Specific Aim #1 will attempt to regulate the NMDA receptor (NR)-1 gene in the dentate gyrus (DG) granule cells, while Specific Aim #2 will seek to regulate the GluR6 (G6) gene in the DG granule cells or CA3 pyramidal cells. (grantome.com)
- Diamond JS (2001) Neuronal glutamate transporters limit activation of NMDA receptors by neurotransmitter spillover on CA1 pyramidal cells. (yale.edu)
- Impaired spatial working memory but spared spatial reference memory following functional loss of NMDA receptors in the dentate gyrus. (ox.ac.uk)
- However, we recently reported that mice lacking NMDARs in dentate gyrus and CA1 hippocampal subfields (GluN1(ΔDGCA1) mice) acquired the open field, spatial reference memory watermaze task as well as controls, a result that directly challenges this view. (ox.ac.uk)
- In addition, some stimulation protocols can induce LTP during NMDA receptor blockade. (omeka.net)
- Experiments with specific glutamate receptor agonists and antagonists demonstrated that both non N-methyl-d-spartic acid (NMDA) receptors and NMDA receptors mediated glutamate-induced degeneration. (johnshopkins.edu)
- Dalby NO, Mody I (2003) Activation of NMDA receptors in rat dentate gyrus granule cells by spontaneous and evoked transmitter release. (yale.edu)
- Furthermore, activation of NMDA receptors increases the activation of CaMKII, leading to autophosphorylation [28]. (bet-bromodomain.com)
- Induction of LTD by activation of group I mGluR in the dentate gyrus in vitro. (smsi.ie)
- There is a close relationship between CaMKII and NMDA and AMPA receptor subunits. (bet-bromodomain.com)
- The granule cells in the dentate gyrus are distinguished by their late time of formation during brain development. (wikipedia.org)
- The oldest granule cells are generated in a specific region of the hippocampal neuroepithelium and migrate into the primordial dentate gyrus around embryonic days (E) 17/18, and then settle as the outermost cells in the forming granular layer. (wikipedia.org)
- Next, dentate precursor cells move out of this same area of the hippocampal neuroepithelium and, retaining their mitotic capacity, invade the hilus (core) of the forming dentate gyrus. (wikipedia.org)
- Tissue corresponding to the dentate gyrus (DG) and regions CA1, CA2, and CA3 of Ammon's horn was removed by microdissection from transverse hippocampal slices and was used to establish cultures of dissociated cells. (johnshopkins.edu)
- Cull-Candy S, Brickley S, Farrant M (2001) NMDA receptor subunits: diversity, development and disease. (yale.edu)
- termines spine structure, and NMDA-Rs, especially those E-mail address: (U. Wyneken). (health-articles.net)
- The dentate gyrus is part of the hippocampal trisynaptic circuit and is thought to contribute to the formation of new episodic memories, the spontaneous exploration of novel environments and other functions. (wikipedia.org)
- By increasing the excitation/inhibition balance, MC-GC LTP enhances GC output at the associative MC-GC recurrent circuit and may contribute to dentate-dependent forms of learning and epilepsy. (nih.gov)