Dense lipoprotein a. Medical search. Frequent questions

12-hour fasting recommended: Elevated triglycerides can interfere with accurate measurements of lipoprotein particle size and number by NMR. (aruplab.com)
Carbohydrates increase small, dense LDL and triglycerides, and decrease HDL - all risk factors for heart disease. (thehealthyskeptic.org)
Hyperlipidemia comprises a heterogeneous group of disorders, characterized by high levels in one or more lipids and/or lipoproteins [atherogenic free fatty acids (FA), triglycerides (TG) (hypertriglyceridemia), small dense low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) (hypercholesterolemia), and apolipoprotein (apo) B], and/or low level in antiatherogenic high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), in the circulation [ 1 - 3 ]. (hindawi.com)
elevated triglycerides - low high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol - shift in low-density lipoprotein (LDL) particle density towards small, dense LDL (type B) - tendency towards postprandial lipaemia. (who.int)
Such as it measure what we call the LDL, which is a measure of triglycerides, measures what we call intermediate dense lipoprotein and also measures lipoprotein A. Now on a typical laboratory slip, one does not get these individual measurements, but simply subtracting the good cholesterol HDL from the total, you are really capturing all the bad atherogenic proteins. (reachmd.com)
Fat in the liver is of five types: triglycerides (TG), phospholipids, lipoproteins, cholesterol and cholesterol esters. (vin.com)
It is very important that hypertension, dyslipidemia (elevated triglycerides, dense low-density lipoproteins, and anything, but first side effects increases tremendously. (smashingbuzz.com)
Fenofibric acid, the active metabolite of fenofibrate, produces reductions in total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, apolipoprotein B, total triglycerides and triglyceride rich lipoprotein (VLDL) in treated patients. (nih.gov)
The resulting fall in triglycerides produces an alteration in the size and composition of LDL from small, dense particles (which are thought to be atherogenic due to their susceptibility to oxidation), to large buoyant particles. (nih.gov)
Lipoprotein lipase (LPL) reduces triglycerides in the blood by hydrolyzing them from triglyceride-rich lipoproteins to release free fatty acids. (bvsalud.org)

However, even in the absence of the hyperglycaemic state which characterizes type 2 diabetic patients, non diabetic individuals with a specific form of obesity, named abdominal obesity, often show clustering metabolic abnormalities which include high triglyceride levels, increased apolipoprotein B, small dense low density lipoproteins and decreased high density lipoproteins-cholesterol levels, a hyperinsulinemic-insulin resistant state, alterations in coagulation factors as well as an inflammatory profile. (researchgate.net)
The major apolipoproteins of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) are alpha lipoproteins (ie, apolipoprotein A-I [apo A-I], apo A-II, apo A-IV), which are soluble and can move between different classes of lipoproteins. (medscape.com)
Serum lipids profiles, including total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), triglyceride (TG), apolipoprotein A-Ⅰ (apoA-Ⅰ), apolipoprotein B (apoB) and clinicopathologic data were analyzed. (researchsquare.com)
Apolipoprotein A5 (apoA5) has been identified to play an important role in lipid metabolism, specifically in triglyceride (TG) and TG-rich lipoproteins (TRLs) metabolism. (biomedcentral.com)
A variety of clinical studies have demonstrated that elevated levels of total cholesterol (total-C), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and apolipoprotein B (apo B), an LDL membrane complex, are associated with human atherosclerosis. (nih.gov)
Similarly, decreased levels of high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and its transport complex, apolipoprotein A (apo AI and apo AII) are associated with the development of atherosclerosis. (nih.gov)

One is an LDL cholesterol-type molecule or low-density lipoprotein. (medscape.com)
To compare serum small dense low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels in coronary heart disease (CHD) patients and healthy controls. (pafmj.org)
Fasting blood samples after 12 hours of fast were collected for lipid profile and small dense low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (sdLDL-C) levels. (pafmj.org)
BACKGROUND: Small dense low-density lipoprotein (sdLDL) is a sub-fraction of LDL considered to have the most atherogenic properties. (ac.ir)
Investigation of the effect of short-term supplementation with curcuminoids on circulating small dense low-density lipoprotein concentrations in obese dyslipidemic subjects: A randomized double-blind placebo-controlled cross-over trial', ARYA Atherosclerosis Journal , 10(5), pp. 280-286. (ac.ir)
The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of quail egg and hen egg supplements on lipoprotein profiles, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) oxidation and small dense LDL cholesterol (sd-LDL-C) in young healthy people, compared with hen eggs. (jhsmr.org)
Low-density lipoprotein subclass patterns and risk of myocardial infarction. (jhsmr.org)
Association of small low-density lipoprotein particles with the incidence of coronary artery disease in men and women. (jhsmr.org)
Levy Y, Maor I, Presser D, Aviram M. Cinsumption of eggs with meals increases the susceptibility of human plasma and low-density lipoprotein to lipid peroxidation. (jhsmr.org)
Additional consumption of one egg per day increases serum lutein plus zeaxanthin concentration and lowers oxidized low-density lipoprotein in moderately hypercholesterolemic males. (jhsmr.org)
Low levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL), or hypoalphalipoproteinemia (HA), includes a variety of conditions, ranging from mild to severe, in which concentrations of alpha lipoproteins or high-density lipoprotein (HDL) are reduced. (medscape.com)
Plasma lipoproteins are macromolecular complexes of lipids and proteins that are classified by density and electrophoretic mobility. (medscape.com)
Research studies have demonstrated that individuals with a high number of small low-density lipoprotein (LDL) particles have a greater cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk than those with fewer but larger LDL particles for a given total cholesterol concentration. (aruplab.com)
Low-density lipoprotein particle number and risk for cardiovascular disease. (aruplab.com)
Dr. DiNicolantonio notes that there are two types of (low-density lipoprotein - LDL) cholesterol - large buoyant LDL particles (pattern A) and small, dense LDL particles (pattern B). (medicalnewstoday.com)
LDL (low density lipoprotein) and HDL (high density lipoprotein) are proteins that transport cholesterol through the blood. (thehealthyskeptic.org)
Too much saturated fat is associated with higher levels of low-density lipoprotein (LDL), also known as "bad" cholesterol. (vegnews.com)
pectin reverses low density lipoprotein receptor suppression induced by a hypercholesterolemic diet in guinea pigs. (webmd.com)
modifies low density lipoprotein metabolism in cholesterol-fed guinea pigs. (webmd.com)
The acronym HDL stands for "high density lipoprotein. (drcolbert.com)
The acronym LDL stands for "low density lipoprotein. (drcolbert.com)
15] found that oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL) in serum was higher in ovarian cancer patients than in control subjects, but total cholesterol (TC) and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) showed no such association. (researchsquare.com)
The underlying problem in a lipidotic cat is their dysfunctional lipoprotein and lipid metabolism, particularly in the transport and accumulation of VLDL (very low density lipoprotein). (vin.com)
Mass spectrometric quantification of markers for protein oxidation by tyrosyl radical, copper, and hydroxyl radical in low density lipoprotein isolated from human atherosclerotic plaques. (scienceopen.com)
Metal ions oxidize low density lipoprotein (LDL) by poorly understood pathways. (scienceopen.com)
The presence of smaller low-density lipoproteins (LDL) has been associated with atherosclerosis risk, and the insulin resistance (IR) underlying the metabolic syndrome (MetS). (biomedcentral.com)
In addition, some research has supported the association of very low-, low- and high-density lipoprotein (VLDL HDL) particle diameters with components of the metabolic syndrome (MetS), although this has been the focus of less research. (biomedcentral.com)
In addition, treatment with fenofibrate results in increases in high density lipoprotein (HDL) and apoproteins apoAI and apoAII. (nih.gov)
Small dense low-density lipoprotein profile in young acute coronary syndrome - a potential risk-stratification tool? (escardio.org)
Small dense low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol concentrations predict risk for coronary heart disease: the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) study. (clevelandheartlab.com)
Considering the relationship between the extent of metabolic derangement and the disease severity in heart failure, we hypothesized that the lipid content of very-low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) may have prognostic value for 1 year mortality in acute heart failure (AHF). (bvsalud.org)
We compared the inhibition of ANGPTL3 and ANGPTL4 using human very-low-density lipoproteins as a substrate and found both were noncompetitive inhibitors. (bvsalud.org)
Proof of benefit is strongest for lowering elevated low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels. (msdmanuals.com)
In the general population, evidence is less strong for a benefit from lowering elevated TG and increasing low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels. (msdmanuals.com)
Hypertriglyceridemia is indicative of insulin resistance when present with low high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and elevated low-density lipoprotein (LDL), while elevated triglyceride is a clinical risk factor for coronary artery disease (CAD), especially when low HDL is present. (medscape.com)
Taking blond psyllium by mouth reduces low density lipoprotein (LDL or "bad") cholesterol in people with mild to moderate high cholesterol. (medlineplus.gov)

Protein is essential for this process, in order to make lipoproteins VLDL, thus protein restriction is contra-indicated unless encephalopathy is present. (vin.com)
We aimed to explore the relationship of VLDL, LDL and HDL diameters to MetS and its features, and by clustering individuals by their diameters of VLDL, LDL and HDL particles, to capture information across all three fractions of lipoprotein into a unified phenotype. (biomedcentral.com)
Our first aim was to report how the diameters correlate across VLDL, LDL and HDL particles and confirm the association between the diameter of each fraction of lipoprotein and features of the MetS. (biomedcentral.com)

We further aimed to examine the distribution of the MetS, and its individual components across these groupings, and assess whether any association between group and IR help when controlling for overall lipoprotein concentrations. (biomedcentral.com)
This latter step was conducted to ascertain whether any association between MetS features and lipoprotein diameter occurs independently of lipoprotein concentrations, which has been the focus of much previous research. (biomedcentral.com)

Recently, several studies verified that apoA5 could significantly reduce plasma TG level by stimulating lipoprotein lipase (LPL) activity, and the intracellular role of apoA5 has also been proved since apoA5 is associated with cytoplasmic lipid droplets (LDs) and affects intrahepatic TG accumulation. (biomedcentral.com)

Effects on body weight and composition, blood lipids and lipoproteins, resting metabolic rate (RMR), appetite indices, and dietary quality were compared. (nuthealth.org)
Variations of plasma lipids and lipoproteins have been observed in ovarian cancer patients. (researchsquare.com)
The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of supplementation with n-3 fatty acids during the third trimester of pregnancy on lipids and lipoproteins in the 19-year-old offspring. (pure.fo)
In conclusion, there was no effect of fish oil supplementation during the third trimester of pregnancy on offspring plasma lipids and lipoproteins in adolescence. (pure.fo)

The sdLDL test is used in conjunction with other lipid measurements and clinical evaluations to aid in the risk management of lipoprotein disorders associated with cardiovascular disease. (clevelandheartlab.com)

Eggs distinctly modulate plasma carotenoid and lipoprotein subclasses in adult men following a carbohydraterestricted diet. (jhsmr.org)
The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of an LCKD program on serum lipoprotein subclasses. (nih.gov)
The main outcomes were fasting serum lipoprotein subclasses determined by nuclear magnetic resonance analysis. (nih.gov)
The VAP (Vertical Auto Profile) test provides this valuable information on cholesterol/lipoprotein subclasses. (ironmagazine.com)
Measurement of lipoprotein subclasses and related molecules. (ironmagazine.com)

Beyond the association of fasting serum triacylglycerols with diabetes, triacylglycerol-enriched remnant lipoproteins (TRLs) more accurately reflect pathophysiological changes that underlie progression to diabetes, such as hepatic insulin resistance, pancreatic steatosis and systemic inflammation. (bvsalud.org)

The exaggerated hypertriglyceridaemia may be related to the preheparin lipoprotein lipase activity, which was demonstrated to be significantly lower in CAD patients compared to age matched controls. (gla.ac.uk)
Lipoprotein lipase activity is believed to be modulated by hormonal influence such as insulin and resistance of LPL to insulin may be responsible for the lower preheparin LPL documented in CAD patients. (gla.ac.uk)
Through this mechanism, fenofibrate increases lipolysis and elimination of triglyceride-rich particles from plasma by activating lipoprotein lipase and reducing production of apoprotein C-III (an inhibitor of lipoprotein lipase activity). (nih.gov)

Lipoprotein and their metabolism. (jhsmr.org)
The proteins, termed apolipoproteins, play an important role in lipoprotein metabolism. (medscape.com)

A low HDL cholesterol level is thought to accelerate the development of atherosclerosis because of impaired reverse cholesterol transport and possibly because of the absence of other protective effects of HDL, such as decreased oxidation of other lipoproteins. (medscape.com)
Lipoprotein oxidation has been implicated in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. (scienceopen.com)
To explore the involvement of tyrosyl radical, hydroxyl radical, and metal ions in atherosclerosis, we developed a highly sensitive and quantitative method for measuring levels of o, o'-dityrosine, o-tyrosine, and m-tyrosine in proteins, lipoproteins, and tissue, using stable isotope dilution gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. (scienceopen.com)

The prevalence of insulin resistance and the atherogenic lipoprotein phenotype in Singapore may be higher than other population because of the high prevalence of diabetes mellitus. (gla.ac.uk)

[ 1 ] Mendelian randomization studies in large numbers of patients/subjects suggest that if you have an elevated lipoprotein(a), you also have an increased risk for MI and stroke. (medscape.com)
The current study showed that patients with CHD had elevated small, dense LDL-C levels compared to the healthy control group. (pafmj.org)
High cardiovascular mortality in patients on hemodialysis (HD) is largely attributed to oxidative stress and altered lipoprotein profiles. (scienceopen.com)
Association of Renal Function and Statin Therapy with Lipoprotein(a) in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes. (cdc.gov)

Only small, dense LDL particles are associated with heart disease, whereas large, buoyant LDL are either benign or may protect against heart disease. (thehealthyskeptic.org)
While the LCKD did not lower total LDL cholesterol, it did result in a shift from small, dense LDL to large, buoyant LDL, which could lower cardiovascular disease risk. (nih.gov)
Small, dense LDL is considered more atherogenic than large, buoyant LDL because it is more prone to oxidation and can trigger inflammatory processes. (who.int)

Quail egg and hen egg consumptions for 30 days did not change the lipoprotein profiles, sd-LDL as well as the LDL-oxidation, which not modified the cardiovascular disease risk factor. (jhsmr.org)
Seghrouchni I, Drai J, Bannier E, Garcia I, Revol A. Lowdensity lipoprotein (LDL) behavior after in vitro oxidation in three groups of diabetics. (jhsmr.org)

Even among LDL particles, small dense LDL may be more atherogenic than large LDL. (aruplab.com)

Correlations of plasma lipoproteins with LDL subfractions by particle size in men and women. (jhsmr.org)
Fernandez ML. Dietary cholesterol provided by eggs and plasma lipoproteins in healthy populations. (jhsmr.org)
The least dense species, LDL-I, decreased as the level of this plasma lipid rose. (gla.ac.uk)
100 mg lipoprotein/dL plasma) compared with only 17% of women. (gla.ac.uk)
characterized by modified protein content and elevated levels of lipid peroxidation products, is representative of multiple oxidative processes acting on plasma lipoproteins that prevail during HD. (scienceopen.com)
Diagnosis is by measuring plasma levels of total cholesterol, TGs, and individual lipoproteins. (msdmanuals.com)

Persons with LDL pattern B have predominantly small and dense LDL particles. (ironmagazine.com)
These particles are small and dense. (drcolbert.com)
The small and dense LDL B particles are more prone to stick to the arterial wall and build up as plaque. (drcolbert.com)

the difference lies in their respective transport molecule (ie, the lipoproteins). (ironmagazine.com)
LDL is considered to be the bad cholesterol, but as explained above, it is really just a lipoprotein carrier molecule. (realfoodforager.com)

Despite these associations, how the diameters covary across the three fractions is poorly understood, and, as yet, information on all three fractions of lipoprotein diameter has not been captured into a single phenotype and examined for its relationship to disease. (biomedcentral.com)

Replacing saturated fats with carbohydrates - which has been recommended by the American Heart Association for decades - reduces HDL and increases small, dense LDL, both of which are associated with increased risk of heart disease. (thehealthyskeptic.org)

Cholesterol, like all fats, doesn't dissolve in water (or blood) so it must be transported through the blood by these lipoproteins. (thehealthyskeptic.org)
Hence the need for lipoproteins, which are molecules that transport cholesterol and fats in the blood. (ironmagazine.com)

Large observational studies, such as the INTERHEART study , which involved many nations, show that individuals with elevated lipoprotein(a) have an increased risk for myocardial infarction (MI). (medscape.com)

However, eating eggs every day reduces small, dense LDL, which in turn reduces risk of heart disease. (thehealthyskeptic.org)
Previous studies have reported that regular nut consumption reduces cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk and does not promote weight gain despite the fact that nuts are energy-dense. (nuthealth.org)

But there is a correlation between certain types of cholesterol in the blood and heart disease, like high levels of the small, dense LDL are connected to an increased risk of heart attacks. (thehealthyskeptic.org)
When we speak of our "cholesterol levels", what is actually being measured is the level of various lipoproteins (like LDL and HDL). (thehealthyskeptic.org)
This system does not take into account specific lipoprotein abnormalities (eg, low HDL-C or high LDL-C) that may contribute to disease despite normal cholesterol and TG levels. (msdmanuals.com)

The names LDL and HDL refer to the different types of lipoproteins that transport cholesterol. (thehealthyskeptic.org)

LDL and HDL refer to the lipoprotein cholesterol carriers and they are both equally necessary for health and wellness. (realfoodforager.com)
There is only one cholesterol: LDL and HDL are lipoprotein cholesterol carriers and they are both equally necessary for survival and wellness. (realfoodforager.com)

In fact, a 1988 study showed that small, dense LDL are three times more likely to cause heart disease than normal LDL. (thehealthyskeptic.org)

An imbalance between essential lipoprotein components will also interfere with fat dispersal. (vin.com)

This is important because small, dense and numerous LDL particles ("Pattern B", see below) cause a 3-fold increase in risk of a heart attack independent of the total LDL level 9,14. (ironmagazine.com)
While LDL subtype B on the other hand is a small dense particle that is considered a risk factor for heart disease. (drcolbert.com)
a measure of all your atherogenic lipoproteins while LDL is one of the best measures of risk assessment. (reachmd.com)

Small dense LDL particles can accumulate on the arterial wall in atherosclerotic plaques. (drcolbert.com)
It is only when cholesterol bound to atherogenic lipoproteins and becomes trapped within the arterial wall , that it becomes a part of the atherosclerotic process. (realfoodforager.com)

Nuts improve diet quality compared to other energy-dense snacks while maintaining body weight. (nuthealth.org)
Feeding a minimum of 50 kcal/kg ideal body weight/day of a good quality, calorie dense diet is essential. (vin.com)

The reduction of small, dense LDL via egg consumption may be due to saturated fat rather than cholesterol, particularly in the non-responders. (thehealthyskeptic.org)

If you look at LDL cholesterol trials where they gave statins to control LDL, the best predictor at that point of recurrent events was actually the lipoprotein(a) level, not the LDL level. (medscape.com)

Our second aim was to capture the relationship between all three fractions into a single trait, by clustering individuals into groups according to their similarities across all three fractions of lipoprotein simultaneously. (biomedcentral.com)

Using latent class analysis, the sample was grouped by the diameter of their fasting lipoproteins, and mixed effects models tested whether the distribution of MetS components varied across the groups. (biomedcentral.com)
These crystals are built up of rod-shaped units, which appear dense after osmium fixation, measure about 48 A in diameter, and are separated by a light interspace of similar dimensions. (rupress.org)

High-resolution nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) technology is used to measure a patient's lipoprotein particle number and size. (aruplab.com)

Anatomy17

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