Delaying cell cycle progression actin cell cycle. Medical search. Frequent questions

Invadopodia are cancer cell protrusions rich in structural proteins (e.g. (biorxiv.org)
Invadopodia are small membrane protrusions, rich in actin and actin-binding proteins, such as cortactin and Tks5 3 - 8 . (biorxiv.org)
For example, matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), such as MMP-2 and −9, have been shown to be typical NF-κB target proteins that are responsible for extracellular matrix breakdown and cell invasion ( 7 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
Taken at face value, senile cataract is intimately associated with the increased risk of oxidative stress, which levies irrevocable changes in the lenticular proteins that impel the lens epithelial cells to the apoptotic phase. (molvis.org)
In Chapter 2, I examined how proteins secreted by cancer cells can promote a tumor-permissive microenvironment through the recruitment of suppressive innate and adaptive immune cells to the lungs. (ubc.ca)
I demonstrated that tumor cells secreted proteins that drove the recruitment and/or expansion of pulmonary TAMs, Tregs, and granulocytic-MDSCs (G-MDSCs), resulting in increased primary lung tumor growth and pulmonary metastasis of mammary carcinoma cells, respectively. (ubc.ca)
Targeting tumor-secreted proteins, or the suppressive immune cells that are expanded in response to said proteins, led to a decrease in primary and metastatic pulmonary disease. (ubc.ca)
The Sox9 gene is required for the differentiation of mesenchymal precursor cells to chondrocytes and, together with the related L-Sox5 and Sox6 proteins, controls chondrocyte-specific gene expression [ 4 , 5 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Of the progression of or found by proteins. (augenta.net)
Adipocyte-derived factors involved in tumor progression include proteins such as adiponectin, leptin, TNF-α, monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1), IL-6, and ECM components that control tumor cell behavior within the tumor microenvironment. (jci.org)

It is reportedly involved in many physiological functions of cells, including apoptosis, proliferation, invasion and angiogenesis ( 5 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
Keywords: Dicer p21 cell cycle apoptosis HACAT miRNA signaling pathway p53 5 Introduction p53 is a versatile transcription factor which integrates information from unbalanced mitotic oncogenic or metabolic stress into graded cellular responses such as cell cycle arrest senescence DNA repair block of angiogenesis or apoptosis. (careersfromscience.org)
Effects of RAD001 and letrozole (alone and in combination) on the proliferation and survival of MCF7/Aro and T47D/Aro cells were evaluated using proliferation assays, flow cytometry, immunoblotting, and apoptosis analyses. (aacrjournals.org)
The present study investigated the effects of GSK2606414 on proliferation, apoptosis, and the expression of activating transcription factor 4 (ATF4), CCAAT/enhancer‑binding protein homologous protein (CHOP) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in human retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells under endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. (spandidos-publications.com)
GSK2606414 treatment inhibited RPE cell proliferation in a dose‑dependent manner, however it did not induce apoptosis. (spandidos-publications.com)
Disruption of PERK activity has been demonstrated to reduce hydroquinone-induced apoptosis and hypoxia-induced VEGF expression in human RPE cells in vitro ( 5 , 21 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
Unlike apoptosis, senescence is a state of which cells are still alive and metabolically active. (frontiersin.org)
In some p53 mutants, induction of cell cycle arrest, but not apoptosis was found to be associated with a lack of induction of PIG3 expression ( 2 ). (ijbs.com)
Additionally, PIG3 mediates cancer cell death through the GPx3 pathway, and knocking down PIG3 or blocking the interaction between PIG3 and GPx3 would abolish the increase in ROS and apoptosis ( 5 ). (ijbs.com)
In addition, gain and loss-of-function studies with miR-206 mimics and inhibitors showed that inhibition of miR-206 in hypoxic MSCs promoted the migration ability of the cells, prevented cell apoptosis, and protected membrane potential of mitochondria, while the benefits were all blocked by Pim-1 inhibitor. (biomedcentral.com)
The power of the thiol proteinases to cleave a multitude of substrates in response to calcium mineral activation allows their involvement in a variety of cell processes offering cell motility, sign transduction, apoptosis, cell differentiation and legislation of the cytoskeleton (3). (exposed-skin-care.net)
Other authors have shown attenuated germ cell apoptosis SB-742457 kinase inhibitor following antioxidant therapy. (hifsignaling.com)
Germ cell apoptosis was inhibited which has a substantial attenuation in testis fat reduction compared to untreated cryptorchid rats. (hifsignaling.com)
Zini et al concluded that nitric oxide may possibly possess a central position in germ cell apoptosis from the testis. (hifsignaling.com)

Cell proliferation was tested by MTT assay. (spandidos-publications.com)
Restitution of miR122 in BCLC9 cells, decreases cell proliferation rate and reduces significantly tumor size in vivo . (oncotarget.com)
Treatment of miR122 positive cells with an inhibitor of TGFBR1 activation, abolished tumor dormancy program and recovered cell proliferation rate through a Smad-independent TGF-β response. (oncotarget.com)
This progression can be divided into the phases of inflammation, proliferation, and maturation. (medscape.com)
IL-2 promotes further T cell proliferation to augment the immunogenic response to injury. (medscape.com)
IL-1 stimulates the proliferation of inflammatory cells and promotes angiogenesis through endothelial cell replication. (medscape.com)
Cell proliferation was assessed using the Cell Counting kit‑8 cell viability assay. (spandidos-publications.com)
In addition, we found that BMP-2, a 4HPR target with antiangiogenic activity, decreased prostate cancer cell proliferation, migration and invasion by down-regulating the pathway described involving AKT phosphorylation, β-catenin stability and cyclin D1 expression. (biomedcentral.com)
As a consequence, 4HPR led to the regulation of genes controlling cell proliferation, angiogenesis and metastasis. (biomedcentral.com)
The proliferation of effector T cells such as cytotoxic T cells and the production of cytokines are highly dependent on glycolysis, and therefore become inactive under conditions of low glucose levels and high lactic acid concentrations. (medicaltrend.org)

They regulate 60% of all known human mRNAs and play key roles in cell physiology differentiation and carcinogenesis. (careersfromscience.org)
miR122 is the prevalent miRNA in adult healthy liver and it is responsible for liver stem cell differentiation towards hepatocyte lineage. (oncotarget.com)
HCC stem-like cells can be directed towards cell differentiation and tumor dormancy by restoring miR122 expression. (oncotarget.com)
In agreement with the function of Ythdf2, delayed degradation of neuron differentiation-related m 6 A-containing mRNAs is seen in Ythdf2 −/− NSPCs. (biomedcentral.com)
However, a major unresolved question is how each cell regulates the precise number of its motile cilia during differentiation. (elifesciences.org)
Sequential rounds of division and differentiation give rise to an enormous amplification of cell numbers, necessary for the production of mature blood cells. (justia.com)
This process of division and differentiation is subject to regulation at many levels to control cell production. (justia.com)
Therefore, ATF3 induction appears to facilitate cell cycle exit and terminal differentiation of chondrocytes. (biomedcentral.com)
These repressors could down-regulate CRE-dependent transcription and thus cause delay of cell cycle progression and/or promote cell cycle exit during terminal differentiation. (biomedcentral.com)
Timely differentiation of progenitor cells is critical for development. (rupress.org)
In this study we asked whether global epigenetic mechanisms regulate timing of progenitor cell differentiation into myelin-forming oligodendrocytes in vivo. (rupress.org)
During the first 10 postnatal days, administration of valproic acid (VPA), the specific inhibitor for histone deacetylase activity, resulted in significant hypomyelination with delayed expression of late differentiation markers and retained expression of progenitor markers. (rupress.org)
This hypothesis implied that OL differentiation proceeded by default once the cells exited from the cell cycle. (rupress.org)
Notably, it promotes the osteogenic differentiation of bone mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) [ 15 - 17 ]. (hindawi.com)

Unconventional myosin-Va is a motor protein in charge of the intracellular transport of vesicles, organelles and protein complexes along the actin filaments. (wikipedia.org)
The involvement of this complex is important for the synaptic vesicles (SVs) trafficking of neurotransmitters and the dynamics of the SVs on the actin filaments. (wikipedia.org)

In addition to intracellular mitochondrial movement, intercellular mitochondrial transfer between mammalian cells has recently been discovered. (biomedcentral.com)
PIG3 is highly homologous to NADPH oxidoreductase TED2 in plants and zeta-Crystalline in mammalian cells, and is considered as a proapoptosis marker. (ijbs.com)

Since angiogenesis and metastatic spread are strictly related, in this study we analyzed the regulation of multiple signaling pathways responsible for cancer cell invasion. (biomedcentral.com)
ETP augmented fibrosis, angiogenesis, and inflammation through recruitment of macrophages and endothelial cells. (jci.org)

It interrupts the actin polymerization-depolymerization cycle and impairs cell membrane function. (medscape.com)
Focal adhesion structures bear resemblance to invadopodia, which are dynamic actin-based protrusions that form on the plasma membrane of cancer cells. (ubc.ca)
Membrane fusion drives pronuclear meeting in the one-cell embryo. (ucdavis.edu)

Clinical progress in multiple myeloma (MM), an incurable plasma cell (PC) neoplasia, has been driven by therapies that have limited applications beyond MM/PC neoplasias and do not target specific oncogenic mutations in MM. Instead, these agents target pathways critical for PC biology yet largely dispensable for malignant or normal cells of most other lineages. (bvsalud.org)
In the current study, the anti‑invasive activities and associated signaling pathways of celastrol were determined in ovarian cancer cells. (spandidos-publications.com)
Phospho-site-specific analyses revealed that pro-apoptotic information elicited by Myc β-catenin and other mitotic pathways early in G1 are absorbed and balanced by anti-apoptotic signaling from AKT and NFκB in Dicer1-competent cells. (careersfromscience.org)
The term "oncotarget" encompasses all molecules, pathways, cellular functions, cell types, and even tissues that can be viewed as targets relevant to cancer as well as other diseases. (oncotarget.com)
The mechanisms of radioresistance are still poorly understood, despite it has been suggested that miRNAs play an important role in cell signaling pathways. (frontiersin.org)
Indeed, it has been shown that miRNAs play an important role in gene expression, mainly when associated with the monitoring of several cell and metabolic pathways, being also an essential component of the gene silencing machinery in most eukaryotic organisms ( 4 , 8 ). (frontiersin.org)
Module analysis revealed that TAD was associated with significant pathways including cell cycle, vascular smooth muscle contraction, and adrenergic signaling in cardiomyocytes. (hindawi.com)
In this review, we examine aging as a process dependent on specific changes in molecular pathways within multiple lung cell populations. (karger.com)

Therefore, downregulation of SIRT1 may be one of the underlying mechanisms of disease progression [ 5 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
This severe disease progression is accompanied by a massive induction of interferon (IFN) α without an apparent protective effect ( 11 , 12 ). (cdc.gov)

PIG3 knockdown led to an abnormal DNA damage response, including decreased IR-induced phosphorylation of H2AX, Chk1, Chk2 and Kap-1 as well as a prolonged G2-M arrest and aberrant mitotic progression. (ijbs.com)
However, impaired splicing affects only a subset of human transcripts, enriched for mitotic cell cycle factors, leading to mitotic arrest. (biomedcentral.com)

We proposed that hypoxic preconditioning could increase survival of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) via upregulation of Pim-1 and aimed to determine the microRNAs that modulate the expression of Pim-1. (biomedcentral.com)
The effects of erythropoietin (EPO) on the behaviors of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) subjected to mechanical stretch remain unclear. (hindawi.com)

Cell cycle progression is faster in cells in which invadopodia are abolished (by Tks5 knockdown), evidenced by earlier induction of cyclins A and B. A close look at the regulators of G1 revealed that the overexpression of p27 kip1 , but not p21 cip1 , causes faster turnover of invadopodia and increased ECM degradation. (biorxiv.org)
Esp1 overexpression drives ME in Cdc20-depleted cells arrested in metaphase. (rockefeller.edu)
We demonstrate that deletion of ERRγ from DAergic neurons in adult mice was sufficient to cause a levodopa-responsive PD-like phenotype with reductions in mitochondrial gene expression and number, that partial deficiency of ERRγ hastens synuclein-mediated toxicity, and that ERRγ overexpression reduces inclusion load and delays synuclein-mediated cell loss. (nature.com)
Overexpression of Pim-1 in stem/progenitor cells stimulated cell cycling and enhanced cardiac regeneration in vivo. (biomedcentral.com)

It causes still absorbed in Other Replacement factors, as a recent organ, and in Gicoupled Abstract cells. (augenta.net)

The solid tumor microenvironment contains structural and cellular components that can dictate cancer progression and therapy response. (ubc.ca)
This thesis work aims to examine the diverse phenotype and function of myeloid cells in primary and metastatic disease, ultimately contributing to an improved understanding of the interplay between the innate and adaptive immune system in the solid tumor microenvironment. (ubc.ca)
Stem cells of all organs - including the lung, which harbors distinct stem cells for each separate tissue that makes up the lung as a whole - reside in niches described as a microenvironment that supports and maintains the 'stemness' of cells as a critical reservoir for maintaining tissue homeostasis and responding to injury [ 3 ]. (karger.com)
the microenvironment of chronic inflammatory tissue promotes inflammation and delays the regression of inflammation. (medicaltrend.org)
Tumor microenvironment (TME) accelerates the metabolism of tumor cells and cancer-related fibroblasts to form an immune environment that promotes tumor growth. (medicaltrend.org)
Compared with TME, the microenvironment of inflammatory diseases such as arthritic synovium has a high level of inflammatory cell subpopulations, such as TH1 cells, TH17 cells, inflammatory macrophages, and CD4+CD25+ with impaired functions. (medicaltrend.org)
In IMIDs, lactic acid is produced by mesenchymal fibroblasts and metabolically active infiltrating immune cells, and is a key driver of the microenvironment of inflammatory tissues. (medicaltrend.org)
Cells in the microenvironment of TME and IMID have completely different responses to lactic acid, so new research in this context has a variety of clinical application potentials. (medicaltrend.org)
Adipocytes represent a major cell type in the mammary tumor microenvironment and are important for tumor growth. (jci.org)

We demonstrate that neural stem/progenitor cell (NSPC) self-renewal and spatiotemporal generation of neurons and other cell types are severely impacted by the loss of Ythdf2 in embryonic neocortex. (biomedcentral.com)
The present invention relates generally to improved methods and pharmaceutical compositions for mobilizing hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell from bone marrow into peripheral blood by administration of at least one inhibitor of a GTPase, such as Rac1 and/or Rac2 GTPase. (justia.com)
The various mature blood cell types are all ultimately derived from a single class of progenitor cell known as hematopoietic stem cells. (justia.com)

These cellular components can include cells of the innate immune system, such as myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs), tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), and eosinophils, as well as cells of the adaptive immune system, including CD4⁺ T regulatory cells (Tregs) and cytotoxic CD8⁺ T cells. (ubc.ca)

Here we systematically characterized the lineage-preferential molecular dependencies of MM through genome-scale clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) studies in 19 MM versus hundreds of non-MM lines and identified 116 genes whose disruption more significantly affects MM cell fitness compared with other malignancies. (bvsalud.org)
BCLC9-miR122 cells down-regulate expression of MYC, KLF4, FOXM1, AKT2 and AKT3 genes and up-regulate FOXO1 and FOXO3A gene expression. (oncotarget.com)
Further evidence suggests that during PD progression, transcriptional programs for the expression of genes involved in mitochondrial structure and function are disrupted 11 . (nature.com)
Total RNA was isolated on P16, and the relative abundance of mRNA of the crystallin structural genes, redox components, and apoptotic cascade were ascertained with real-time PCR with reference to the internal control β-actin . (molvis.org)
Real-time PCR analysis showed the crystallin genes ( αA- , βB1- , γD- ) and redox cycle components ( Cat , SOD-1 , Gpx ) were downregulated, the apoptotic components were upregulated, and antiapoptotic Bcl-2 was downregulated in Group II. (molvis.org)
Treatment with 200 mg/kg bodyweight C-PC (Group III) transcriptionally regulated the instability of the expression of these genes, thus ensuring C-PC is a prospective anticataractogenic agent that probably delays the onset and progression of cataractogenesis induced by sodium selenite. (molvis.org)
We found that 4HPR impairs DU145 and PC3 prostate cancer cells migration and invasion by down-regulating FAK and AKT activation and by enhancing β-catenin degradation, causing the downregulation of target genes like cyclin D1, survivin and VEGF. (biomedcentral.com)
We had shown earlier that transcription of the cell cycle genes cyclin D1 and cyclin A in chondrocytes is dependent on CREs. (biomedcentral.com)

Employing a cell cycle-wide phospho-proteomic approach we detected neglectable changes in abundance and schedule of overall and cell cycle periodic protein expression despite cell cycle arrest of Dicer1-depleted cells. (careersfromscience.org)
p53 arrests cells during G1 progression and G1/S transit by inducing the CDK-inhibitory protein p21CIP1 and microRNA cluster miR-34a. (careersfromscience.org)
In addition, miR122 transfected cells decreased AKT2 kinase activation while decreased FOXO1 and FOXO3A protein inactivation. (oncotarget.com)
Figure 2: Postulated G-protein-mediated signal transduction process in normal and regenerating endothelial cells. (nature.com)
3.0: hematopoietic cell-specific Lyn substrate 1 (HCLS1), Kelch domain-containing 6 (KLHDC6), sarcoglycan delta (SGCD), KIAA1706 protein (KIAA1706), RNA guanylyltransferase and 5′-phosphatase (RNGTT), chromosome 10 open reading frame 57 (C10orf57), chromosome 9 open reading frame 52 (C9orf52), and plasminogen activator, urokinase receptor (PLAUR). (molvis.org)
Functional annotation clustering showed that they belong to cell cycle, organelle or nuclear lumen, protein transport, and DNA binding and repair clusters. (molvis.org)
Here, I investigate the role of one intrinsic factor (receptor-type protein tyrosine phosphatase alpha) and one extrinsic factor (ionizing radiation) in facilitating cancer cell invasion. (ubc.ca)
Receptor-type protein tyrosine phosphatase alpha (PTPα is a widely expressed transmembrane-bound protein that has been implicated in integrin signaling, focal adhesion formation, and normal cell migration. (ubc.ca)
Dysregulated extracellular matrix (ECM) protein like elastin and collagen and depletion of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) of the aortic wall are believed as the main histopathological findings [ 3 - 5 ]. (hindawi.com)
However, a compensatory feedback of increased mRNA expression of DNA-PKcs was formed in PIG3-depleted cells after a few passages or cell cycles of subculture, which led the recovery of the DNA-PKcs protein level and the consequent recovered efficiency of the DNA damage response. (ijbs.com)

The PD173955 mechanisms however by which miRNAs interfere with cell survival and programmed cell death in transformed cells are still obscure. (careersfromscience.org)
Although the precise underlying mechanisms of AMD are not fully understood, numerous lines of evidence have indicated that endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress contributes to the etiology of RPE cell damage and neovascularization formation ( 5 - 7 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
Cancer cells can exploit normal mechanisms of cellular motility to facilitate invasion and metastasis, the process by which cancer cells disseminate to distant organs. (ubc.ca)
Mechanisms regulating cardiomyocyte cell cycle arrest are of great interest partly because reversing this process could provide a way to stimulate cardiac regeneration after injury [ 17 ]. (springer.com)

miRNAs are a recently discovered class of small evolutionary highly conserved non-coding RNAs of 18-25 nucleotides length which are generated by sequential processing of primary PD173955 and Mouse monoclonal to alpha Actin precursor miRNA by the ribonucleases Drosha and Dicer1. (careersfromscience.org)

Using genetic manipulations, we demonstrate that this oscillator can operate in free-running cell cycles even without undegradable Clb2. (rockefeller.edu)
As main findings, 23 miRNAs were already identified as being involved in genetic regulation of PCa cell response to RT. (frontiersin.org)
However, genetic modification of stem cells is not the first promising option in their utilization for tissue regeneration. (biomedcentral.com)

In this study, using invadopodia- and cell cycle- fluorescent markers, we show in 2D and 3D cell cultures, as well as in vivo , that breast carcinoma cells assemble invadopodia and invade into the surrounding ECM preferentially during the G1 phase of the cell cycle. (biorxiv.org)
I demonstrated that using glucose restriction of CD8⁺ T cells in vitro led to improved tumor regression in vivo. (ubc.ca)
In tissue culture IN showed no vital cytotoxic action in the amount of cell lines at doses under M. In vivo day by day injection of IN in mice with established prostate cancer xenografts led to a significant reduce while in the tumor growth price in association with an enhanced CTL response. (hifsignaling.com)

Metastasis is a complex, multi-step process that is initiated when cancer cells in the primary tumor acquire invasive properties, including motility and the ability to breakdown the extracellular matrix (ECM) 1 , and is responsible for the majority of cancer-related mortalities 2 . (biorxiv.org)
During normal cell migration, cells use focal adhesions to facilitate cycles of cell adhesion to, and release from, the extracellular matrix (ECM). (ubc.ca)

bFGF is a chemotactic and mitogenic factor for fibroblasts and endothelial cells. (medscape.com)
Vascular endothelial cells normally provide an efficient barrier against thrombosis, lipid uptake, and inflammation. (nature.com)
In addition, RPE cells proliferate and secrete various proangiogenic factors, including vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), which serves an important role in AMD-associated CNV ( 4 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
While much work has focused on the failure of epithelial cell populations as a key component of the aging process, additional studies have shown that aging, as a global phenomenon in the lung, also impacts resident endothelial, mesenchymal, and immune cell populations. (karger.com)

Thymidylate synthase (TS), an intracellular enzyme, is a key rate-limiting enzyme of DNA biosynthesis and repair which is primarily active in proliferating and metabolically active cells. (bvsalud.org)

To the best of our knowledge, the present study is the first to demonstrate that GSK2606414 has a potential antiproliferative effect in RPE cells in vitro. (spandidos-publications.com)

Tumor cell invasion and metastasis require cancer cells to be both proliferative and invasive, i.e. migrate through the tissue and assemble invadopodia. (biorxiv.org)
While several studies addressed how cell motility parameters change throughout the cell cycle, the relationship between invadopodia and cell cycle progression has not been elucidated. (biorxiv.org)
Taken together, these findings suggest that invadopodia function is tightly linked to cell cycle progression and is controlled by specific cell cycle regulators. (biorxiv.org)
We previously demonstrated that invasive cells oscillate between two distinct states, termed the Invadopodia state and the Migration state 10 . (biorxiv.org)
The Invadopodia state is characterized by cell stasis and the presence of invadopodia, whereas the Migration state is defined by cell translocation and the absence of invadopodia. (biorxiv.org)
However, under these microenvironmental conditions, only 15% of tumor cells assemble invadopodia at any given time, while the rest are non-motile. (biorxiv.org)
In this study, I hypothesized that PTPα promotes invadopodia-mediated triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) cell invasion. (ubc.ca)

MYO5A can be highly expressed on metastatic colorectal cancer tissues and neck lymph node metastasis of oral squamous cell carcinoma. (wikipedia.org)
PC cells usually remain confined in the organ, while a small proportion of carcinomas acquire the ability to metastasize and approximately 80% of patients who have died of advanced hormone refractory PC have clinical evidence of bone metastasis. (biomedcentral.com)

However, mechanistic details are lacking, and recent studies have implicated ALMS1 in several processes including endosomal trafficking, actin organisation, maintenance of centrosome cohesion and transcription. (springer.com)

Time-lapse videography of living cells captures spectacular intracellular mitochondrial movement, and this movement promotes mitochondrial connections to form a dynamic mitochondrial network [ 3 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
LDHA promotes the effector function of T cells by increasing the acetylation and transcription of interferon-γ (IFNG) and plays a key role in inflammation. (medicaltrend.org)
Our results highlight the crucial role of ETP as an obesity-associated factor that promotes tumor growth in the context of adipocyte interactions with tumor and stromal cells. (jci.org)

Specifically, methods are disclosed for mobilizing hematopoietic stem cells into a subject's peripheral blood. (justia.com)
In particular, embodiments of the method involve inhibition of both Rac1 and Rac2 GTPases to increase the numbers of hematopoietic stem cells into a subject's peripheral blood of a subject. (justia.com)
Therefore, hematopoietic stem cells mobilized into a subject's peripheral blood by the method of the invention is useful as a source of donor cells in bone marrow transplantation for the treatment of a variety of disorders, including cancer, anemia, autoimmunity and immunodeficiency. (justia.com)
Other cell types derived from hematopoietic stem cells include platelets and erythrocytes. (justia.com)
The use of high-dosage chemotherapy or radiotherapy for bone marrow ablation requires subsequent incorporation of hematopoietic stem cells into the patient, in which case prior harvesting of such cells is required. (justia.com)
In many cases, successfully mobilization is not effected in the patient and inadequate numbers of hematopoietic stem cells are harvested from these patients using current methods. (justia.com)

In addition, GSK2606414 treatment inhibited eIF2α phosphorylation and reduced CHOP and VEGF mRNA expression levels in RPE cells under TG‑induced ER stress. (spandidos-publications.com)

Therefore, a mutation on MYO5A can be related with abnormal neuronal development and the progression of neurodegeneration. (wikipedia.org)
GSK2606414 and its analogues have recently been demonstrated to delay tumor growth and prevent neurodegeneration. (spandidos-publications.com)

Dicer1 depletion causes cell cycle arrest and restoration of p21CIP in HACAT cells. (careersfromscience.org)
This finding is of utmost importance since p53 is known to be key for p21 expression.2 The results reported here suggest that depletion of Dicer1 restores p21 expression in p53-mutated cells and that miRNA critically contributes to cell cycle regulation at least in part through intervening with the cyclin/CDK system and its inhibitors. (careersfromscience.org)
Processes involved in later stage disease, like development of androgen independence as a consequence of androgen depletion therapy, neoangiogenesis and homing of metastatic cells in lymphatic or bone tissues are generally undetectable at early stages. (biomedcentral.com)
At the cellular level, aging is marked by depletion of adult stem cell reservoirs, the inability to maintain baseline homeostasis, a reduced response to stress, an increased accumulation of damaged DNA leading to telomere shortening, and mitochondrial dysfunction [ 1,2 ]. (karger.com)
During aging, a decline in organ function can be traced to a loss of stem cell function due to increased cell turnover, depletion of stem cells, and alterations to the stem cell niche. (karger.com)

However, endothelium that has regenerated after percutaneous coronary intervention is incompetent in terms of its integrity and function, with poorly formed cell junctions, reduced expression of antithrombotic molecules, and decreased nitric oxide production. (nature.com)
Oxidative stress is a plethora of reactive oxygen species (ROS) such as superoxide anion, hydrogen peroxide, hydroxyl radical, and inducible nitric oxide species that exert a constellation of aberrant changes in the oxidation-reduction status of the cell. (molvis.org)

4HPR was able to decrease AKT phosphorylation also when powerfully upregulated by IGF-1 and, consequently, to impair IGF-1-stimulated cell motility. (biomedcentral.com)

Improved methods and pharmaceutical compositions are provided herein for mobilizing hematopoietic progenitor cells from bone marrow into peripheral blood, comprising the administration of an effective amount of an inhibitor of GTPases, such as Rac1 and Rac2 alone or in combination. (justia.com)
Stem cells represent a very small percentage of bone marrow cells, and are normally quiescent. (justia.com)
These therapies decrease a patient's white blood cell counts, suppress bone marrow hematopoietic activity, and increase the patient's risk of infection and/or hemorrhage. (justia.com)
Current treatments to manage the problems that result from prolonged bone marrow suppression include the reinfusion of a patient's own previously harvested hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells. (justia.com)
In such procedures, patients undergo successive treatments with cell mobilization agents to cause mobilization of hematopoietic progenitor cells from the bone marrow to the peripheral circulation for harvesting. (justia.com)
After harvesting, the patient is given high dose chemotherapy or radiotherapy and the bone marrow function is reconstituted by infusion of the cells harvested earlier. (justia.com)
The success of treatment crucially depends on the mobilization of the bone marrow stem cells, the subsequent return of which permits the patient to achieve reconstitution of a functioning hematopoietic system. (justia.com)
Erythropoietin is a glycoprotein hormone that stimulates red blood cell (RBC) production in bone marrow via binding to the cell-surface receptor on hematopoietic progenitor cells, and it has been widely used for treating anemia [ 13 ]. (hindawi.com)

Esp1 contributes to Cdc14 release and ME kinetics mainly through cohesin cleavage: the Esp1 requirement can be largely bypassed if cells are provided Esp1-independent means of separating sister chromatids. (rockefeller.edu)
Results and Discussion To study the impact and extent to which miRNA contributes to cell cycle progression in transformed phenotypes we here employed the p53-mutated human keratinocyte cell line (HACAT) and RNA interference (siRNA) techniques. (careersfromscience.org)
In addition, this unusual location contributes to aggravate the prognosis since the diagnosis of oligo symptomatic patients is frequently delayed, and the anatomical location represents a challenge for radical surgery. (heraldopenaccess.us)
In the field of stem cells, cumulative evidence has shown that mitochondrial transfer contributes to stem cell-triggered repair of damaged cells [ 9 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
These effects were partially mediated through enhanced TGF-β signaling, which contributes to tissue fibrosis and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of tumor cells. (jci.org)

There was a greater level of apoptotic activity in the airway biopsy in subjects with severe asthma as compared with the normal subjects using the TUNEL assay (p = 0.002), suggesting increased cell death. (atsjournals.org)
We treated Huh7 cells with recombinant human IFN-α2a (PBL Assay Science, https://www.pblassaysci.com ) or recombinant human IFN-γ (R&D Systems, https://www.rndsystems.com ) 16 h before and 2 h after infection. (cdc.gov)

In line with previous reports from other cellular systems we observed a profound G1/S arrest in Dicer1 deficient HACAT cells as compared with wild-type (wt) PD173955 cells treated with non-target siRNA (Fig.?1A). (careersfromscience.org)
Aging kidney and CKD share many common characteristic features with increased cellular senescence, a conserved program characterized by an irreversible cell cycle arrest with altered transcriptome and secretome. (frontiersin.org)
Cellular senescence is characterized by an irreversible and permanent cell cycle arrest coupled with altered transcriptome and secretome. (frontiersin.org)
Interest in ALMS1 is heightened by the recent discovery of its involvement in neonatal cardiomyocyte cell cycle arrest, a process with potential relevance to regenerative medicine. (springer.com)

Taken with each other these observations propose that IN is usually a dual inhibitor of TGF and activin signaling that could possibly retard tumor growth and progression by means of activation from the immune response. (hifsignaling.com)

In bronchial biopsies from 21 normal subjects, 11 subjects with chronic bronchitis, 9 subjects with mild asthma, and 31 subjects with severe asthma, we evaluated epithelial cell morphology: epithelial thickness, lamina reticularis (LR) thickness, and epithelial desquamation. (atsjournals.org)

Stem cells are characterized by their ability to undergo self-renewal to maintain stem cell reserves, and, when required, to produce new, terminally differentiated cells. (karger.com)

Cell migration was detected by wound healing and Transwell assays, while cell invasion was detected by a Matrigel‑coated Transwell method. (spandidos-publications.com)
Conversely, the expression of constitutively active AKT (myr-AKT) overcame the effects of 4HPR and β-catenin-silencing on cell migration. (biomedcentral.com)
We found that 4HPR-induced inhibition of PC cell migration and invasion correlates with decreased FAK and AKT phosphorylation, activation of the glycogen synthase kinase 3β(GSK3β) and β-catenin destabilization. (biomedcentral.com)

Invited Perspective in The Journal of Cell Biology . (ucdavis.edu)

In recent years, cell cycle regulators have been shown to exhibit roles in both tumor suppression and tumor promotion, particularly cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors (CKI) p27 kip1 and p21 cip1 14 . (biorxiv.org)

Its mechanism and regulation of its frequency by Clb2-Cdk, suggest the hypothesis that intrinsically autonomous Cdc14 release cycles are locked at once per cell cycle through entrainment by the cyclin-Cdk oscillator. (rockefeller.edu)
Up to 70% of hepatocellular carcinomas (HCC) show miR122 down-regulation [ 6 ] and the same applies for HCC-derived cell lines [ 7 ]. (oncotarget.com)

One of the treatments applied in cancer is radiotherapy (RT), a therapeutic modality that uses ionizing radiation to induce damage in unwanted cells. (frontiersin.org)
This study provides a detailed characterization of the dose-dependent impact of ionizing radiation on skin cells (45, 60, or 80 grays). (mdpi.com)
In the present study, the potential mechanism of PIG3 participation in the DNA damage response induced by ionizing radiation (IR) was investigated in multiple cell lines with depleted expression of PIG3 transiently or stably by the small interference RNA and lentivirus-mediated shRNA expression strategies. (ijbs.com)
The DNA double-strand break (DSB) is considered to be the most severe type of DNA damage induced by ionizing radiation, and this form of DNA damage must be repaired immediately to prevent cell death. (ijbs.com)

In the absence of Esp1 activity we observed only a minor ME delay consistent with a FEAR defect. (rockefeller.edu)
The absence of regulatory miRNAs however led to a substantial delay of anti-apoptotic signaling leaving pro-apoptotic stress unbalanced in Dicer1-deprived cells. (careersfromscience.org)
The tumor tissue exhausts local energy, forcing neighboring immune cells to process high-concentration metabolites such as lactic acid in the absence of nutrients, leading to immunosuppression and tumor growth. (medicaltrend.org)

Among control strategies, chemoprevention attempts in preclinical studies to halt or delay these processes are now proving the potential efficacy of this approach. (biomedcentral.com)
These processes are regulated by a large number of endocrine, paracrine and autocrine hormones and growth factors that, to a large part, act on chondrocyte cell surface receptors. (biomedcentral.com)

While developmental senescence and acute senescence may positively contribute to the fine-tuning of embryogenesis and injury repair, chronic senescence, when unresolved promptly, plays a crucial role in kidney fibrogenesis and CKD progression. (frontiersin.org)
Senescent cells elicit their fibrogenic actions primarily by secreting an assortment of inflammatory and profibrotic factors known as the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP). (frontiersin.org)
Increasing evidence indicates that senescent cells could be a promising new target for therapeutic intervention known as senotherapy, which includes depleting senescent cells, modulating SASP and restoration of senescence inhibitors. (frontiersin.org)

Exercise-induced upregulation of SIRT1 attenuates inflammation and metabolic dysfunction, thereby alleviating the progression of diabetic nephropathy and hepatic steatosis in type 2 diabetes mellitus. (biomedcentral.com)

Consequently we screened for expression of CDK inhibitors and found substantial upregulation of p21CIP1 in Dicer1-disrupted cells but not in Dicer1-competent (non-target siRNA) controls (Fig.?1B). (careersfromscience.org)
9 ] reported that hypoxic preconditioning increases survival of cardiac progenitor cells via upregulation of Pim-1, discovering a method for nongenetic modification of Pim-1 in stem cells. (biomedcentral.com)

The same LDH inhibitors can reduce ATP levels and induce oxidative stress and cell death in cancer. (medicaltrend.org)

The main goal of RT consists in delivering a precise dose of radiation in a target volume, such as tumor, promoting the tumor cells eradication with as minimal damage as possible in surrounding normal tissues ( 13 ). (frontiersin.org)

They can also be used for increasing white blood cell survival and for chemotherapy. (justia.com)
Intercellular mitochondrial transfer can be regarded as an extension of intracellular mitochondrial movement or intercellular communication, which undoubtedly increases the mtDNA content of the recipient cells and restores the respiration and survival of the recipient cells. (biomedcentral.com)

When stimulated to divide, they give rise to more committed, differentiated daughter cells with less proliferative potential, called "early progenitor" cells. (justia.com)

We cultivated human lung epithelial A549 cells (ATCC CCL-185), human hepatoma Huh7 cells ( 13 ), human cervix carcinoma HeLa cells (ATCC CCL-2), African green monkey kidney Vero cells (ATCC CCL-81), and transformed human dermal fibroblast cultures ( 14 ) in Dulbecco modified eagle medium supplemented with 10% fetal calf serum at 37°C and 5% CO 2 . (cdc.gov)

These growth factors act on surrounding cells and stimulate chemotaxis of neutrophils, monocytes, and fibroblasts to the area of injury. (medscape.com)

In Chapter 4, I profiled the dynamic myeloid compartment following antigen specific CD8⁺ T cell-mediated tumor regression and recurrence. (ubc.ca)
I identified several potentially suppressive myeloid cell subsets, including TAMs and arginase-1ʰⁱ monocytic-MDSCs (M-MDSCs) that expand during CD8⁺ T cell-mediated tumor regression and subsequent recurrence, which may play a role in tumor regrowth. (ubc.ca)

The role of the mTOR pathway in estrogen response was evaluated in aromatase-expressing MCF7/Aro breast cancer cells by immunoblotting. (aacrjournals.org)
Treatment of MCF7/Aro cells with estradiol or androstenedione caused modulation of the mTOR pathway, a phenomenon reversed by letrozole or RAD001. (aacrjournals.org)
These data point to 4HPR as a negative regulator of AKT phosphorylation, effectively targeting the β-catenin pathway and inducing a relatively benign phenotype in prostate cancer cells, limiting neoangiogenesis and cell invasion. (biomedcentral.com)

Many studies implicate mitochondrial dysfunction as a key contributor to cell loss in Parkinson disease (PD). (nature.com)
In multiple organs, including the lungs, age-related tissue and organ dysfunction interferes with tissue regeneration, which requires functional stem cells. (karger.com)

Multiple research groups have developed artificial mitochondrial transfer/transplantation (AMT/T) methods that transfer healthy mitochondria into damaged cells and recover cellular function. (biomedcentral.com)

Lung failure due to aging can be traced to loss of lung stem cell regenerative capacity within the distinctive stem cell niches found within each compartment of the lung. (karger.com)
Current knowledge about the identity and function of these stem cell compartments has been largely drawn from a variety of transgenic and spontaneously mutated mouse models that are characterized by rapid rates of aging or have been used to examine regeneration from injury in the context of natural or accelerated aging. (karger.com)
In this review, we will present current data on lung aging and lung regeneration, with specific attention paid to stem cell-driven regeneration within the context of aging. (karger.com)

I found that eosinophils were directly cytotoxic towards mammary carcinoma cells, likely through degranulation, and that eosinophils decreased pulmonary metastatic growth of breast cancer cells. (ubc.ca)

Anatomy23

Organisms10

Diseases7

Chemicals and Drugs117

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment21

Phenomena and Processes78

Disciplines and Occupations1

Information Science3

Health Care2

Proteins10

Apoptosis14

Proliferation10

Differentiation14

Filaments2

Mammalian cells2

Angiogenesis2

Membrane3

Pathways8

Disease progression2

Mitotic2

Mesenchymal stem2

Overexpression4

Abstract1

Microenvironment9

Progenitor cell3

Macrophages1

Genes8

Protein10

Mechanisms4

Precursor1

Genetic3

Vivo3

Extracellular matrix2

Endothelial4

Metabolically active1

Vitro1

Invadopodia7

Metastasis2

Centrosome1

Promotes3

Hematopoietic stem6

MRNA expression levels1

Neurodegeneration2

Depletion5

Nitric oxide2

Motility1

Bone marrow8

Contributes5

Assay2

Arrest4

Inhibitor1

Epithelial cell1

Terminally differentiated1

Migration3

Biology1

Kinase1

Regulation2

Ionizing radiation4

Absence3

Processes2

Senescence3

Inflammation1

Upregulation2

Oxidative stress1

Tissues1

Survival2

Proliferative1

Kidney1

Fibroblasts1

Regression2

Pathway3

Dysfunction2

Cellular1

Stem cell3

Cytotoxic1