Declarative memories. Medical search. Frequent questions

Individuals with five neurodevelopmental disorders -- autism spectrum disorder (ASDs), obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), Tourette syndrome, dyslexia, and Specific Language Impairment (SLI) -- appear to compensate for dysfunction by relying on a single powerful and nimble system in the brain known as declarative memory. (bioquicknews.com)
However, in excess, corticosteroids can be associated with a variety of effects on the brain including hippocampal atrophy and even neuronal death, mood changes, and declarative memory impairment. (duke.edu)
In particular, declarative memory impairment has been suggested to have critical consequences for the everyday life of individuals with schizophrenia and may play a role in their social integration difficulties. (ucf.edu)
Because people with bipolar disorder experience different moods , there is a high likelihood that they may have memory impairment in between these mood swings . (hdkino.org)
Based on previous results, we hypothesized that temporal desynchronization between the dorsal hippocampus (DHc) and the basolateral amygdala (BLA), during memory retrieval, could be responsible for this impairment. (bvsalud.org)
This was the first study to examine and compare neural connectivity and memory associated with a yoga and meditation intervention and MET among a group of elderly individuals with mild cognitive impairment. (medscape.com)

We refer to this as episodic memory because it's talking about episodes, but it would also include semantic memory which is memory for facts. (thenakedscientists.com)
Izzie - How does a semantic memory differ from this? (thenakedscientists.com)
Amy - A semantic memory is really the memory for "what. (thenakedscientists.com)
10 For example, regarding making a cup of tea, describing how to make a cup of tea relies on utilizing declarative-semantic memory, 11 getting the words, facts, and information into a cohesive pattern that makes sense to the listener. (allenpress.com)

Specific cognitive impairments have been found in association with mesial temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE), such as deficits in declarative memory or verbal abilities. (bmj.com)
Specific cognitive impairments have been found to be associated with mesial temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE), such as deficits in declarative memory, 1 face/name processing, 2 or language functions. (bmj.com)
He termed this syndrome psychosis polyneuritica, believing that these typical memory deficits, in conjunction with polyneuropathy, represented different facets of the same disease. (medscape.com)
Bumetanide prevented neurodevelopmental delay, hyperactivity, and declarative and spatial memory deficits. (bvsalud.org)

Retention of declarative memories (word pairs) and also nondeclarative memories (mirror tracing skills) learned previously was tested after this period and compared with retention performance after placebo stimulation as well as after retention intervals of wakefulness. (uni-luebeck.de)
Memory is divided into implicit (nondeclarative) or explicit (declarative) memory. (allenpress.com)

We cued new memories in humans during sleep by presenting an odor that had been presented as context during prior learning, and so showed that reactivation indeed causes memory consolidation during sleep. (nih.gov)
To our knowledge, the effect of multiple corticosteroid exposures on mood and memory has not been previously examined prospectively in animals or humans. (duke.edu)
Periods rich in slow-wave sleep (SWS) not only facilitate the consolidation of declarative memories, but in humans, SWS is also accompanied by a pronounced endogenous transcortical DC potential shift of negative polarity over frontocortical areas. (uni-luebeck.de)
As first established by psychology experiments in the 1970s, recognition memory for pictures is quite remarkable: humans can remember thousands of images at high accuracy after seeing each only once and only for a few seconds. (wikipedia.org)
In laboratory studies of animals and humans, the hippocampus has been shown to also have a cellular memory termed "long-term potentiation. (medscape.com)

Compared to awake state, sleep improves memory consolidation. (jyu.fi)
Sleep consolidates their memories and improves motor development, vocabulary, attention, and mood…and so much more. (happiestbaby.com)

Dentate gyrus (DG) is important for pattern separation and spatial memory, and it is thought to gate information flow to the downstream hippocampal subregions. (jyu.fi)

Until recently, it was believed that the introduction of new neurons in neuronal networks was incompatible with memory function. (nih.gov)

Recent research has focused on a rather enigmatic aspect of memory processing, dubbed " reconsolidation " - it is a special state brought about by the retrieval of items in the long-term memory, which makes them prone to alterations. (brainblogger.com)
The seeming malleability of memory trace upon retrieval/reactivation has an important clinical implication in the context of consolidated fear memories which could then be blocked by amnesic agents. (brainblogger.com)
Memory can be thought of as having two components: storage - the process of encoding a memory, and retrieval - the process of recalling the memory. (edu.au)
Retrieval failure is where the information is in long-term memory, but cannot be accessed. (edu.au)
These cues prompt the retrieval of a memory and without them the information may not be accessible. (edu.au)
These cues act as a hint or clue that can assist memory retrieval. (edu.au)
These retrieval cues can be important for people suffering with memory impairments caused by neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease . (edu.au)
However, by providing retrieval cues such as old photographs, or returning to a childhood home, a flood of lost memories can be triggered. (edu.au)
2 Visual imagery techniques have been used since the time of Greek and Roman orators 3 and are associated with successful encoding of information to long-term memory and its retrieval. (allenpress.com)
The hippocampus likely allows long-term memory encoding in the cortex and allows short-term memory retrieval. (medscape.com)

Several studies have demonstrated that long-term declarative memory is enhanced by emotional arousal contents. (bvsalud.org)

To test the first hypothesis, animals with bilateral lesions in the hippocampus, medial prefrontal cortex, and perirhinal cortex were compared in a battery of recognition memory tasks. (jneurosci.org)

Declarative memory abilities are known to improve from childhood through young adulthood, but the developmental maturation of procedural memory is largely unknown. (harvard.edu)
Therefore, declarative memory and procedural memory are developmentally dissociable, with procedural memory being adult-like by age 10 years and declarative memory continuing to mature into young adulthood. (harvard.edu)
Maternal separation (MS) in male rats produced memories resistant to labilization in adulthood. (bvsalud.org)

Re-exposure to the odor during slow-wave sleep (SWS) improved the retention of hippocampus-dependent declarative memories but not of hippocampus-independent procedural memories. (nih.gov)
When applied during the wake retention interval, tDCS did not affect declarative memory. (uni-luebeck.de)
However, the effects of emotion on learning and memory are not always univalent, as studies have reported that emotion either enhances or impairs learning and long-term memory (LTM) retention, depending on a range of factors. (frontiersin.org)

Sleep facilitates memory consolidation. (nih.gov)
Shifts in extracellular ionic concentration in frontocortical tissue (expressed as negative DC potentials during SWS) may facilitate sleep-dependent consolidation of declarative memories. (uni-luebeck.de)
In this review we focus on the role of sleep in learning and memory, especially memory consolidation. (jyu.fi)
This process is thought to reflect the consolidation of information into long-term memory in distributed neural networks in the neocortex and sub-cortical structures like the thalamus and the hippocampus. (jyu.fi)
The role of REM sleep in this systemic-level mechanism of memory consolidation is still unclear. (jyu.fi)
Sleep strengthens the consolidation of both procedural and declarative memory traces. (jyu.fi)
It is also possible that one can learn about stimuli presented during sleep, and reminders of previous learning presented during sleep improve memory consolidation. (jyu.fi)
Consolidation" is the term attributed to the hypothetical transformation of a memory trace from an unstable, short-term form to a stable, long-term form. (brainblogger.com)
Rehearsal initiates systems memory consolidation, sleep makes it last. (dgps.de)

Aging, also in the absence of pathological conditions, is associated with cognitivedecline, especially in so called fluid abilities, such as episodic memory andexecutive functions. (avhandlingar.se)
Amy - We think about episodic memories as having three components: a "what," a "where", and a "when. (thenakedscientists.com)
All three of those in one memory would be considered an episodic memory. (thenakedscientists.com)
2019. Contributions of episodic memory to novel word learning . (benjamins.com)
Multiple theories predict that word learning is intimately linked to episodic memory, at least in the early phases of learning. (benjamins.com)
9 Explicit memory is consciously available and includes the semantic (facts and general knowledge) and the episodic (events from the past). (allenpress.com)

There are multiple learning and memory systems in the brain, but declarative memory is the superstar," says Michael Ullman, Ph.D., Professor of Neuroscience at Georgetown and Director of the school's Brain and Language Laboratory. (bioquicknews.com)
Investigations of the neural basis of recognition memory have implicated several brain regions. (jneurosci.org)
This review highlights a basic evolutionary approach to emotion to understand the effects of emotion on learning and memory and the functional roles played by various brain regions and their mutual interactions in relation to emotional processing. (frontiersin.org)
Because bipolar disorders are bound to alter brain structure and chemistry over time, there may be gradual damage to brain cells that can lead to symptoms of dementia such as memory loss and poor concentration. (hdkino.org)
This suggests that acquiring new memories interferes with previously stored information, and indicates that the human brain has a limit to how much information can be stored. (edu.au)
We do not know the capacity of the brain, or the full capacity of our memory. (edu.au)
The brain contains a vast number of cells that are proposed to work together as a network to encode memories and store them. (edu.au)
Amy - We do know that different types of memory depend upon different parts of the brain. (thenakedscientists.com)
The hippocampus plays a major role in learning and memory, and is found in the temporal lobe of the brain. (express.co.uk)
Another bonus to catching daytime ZZZs: Napping "clears" the hippocampus, the part of the brain that's in charge of learning and memory, so that it can be filled again with new information upon waking up. (happiestbaby.com)
4 However common memory strategies may be, there is only a small amount of research available investigating their effectiveness, 5 , 6 with most emphasis on memory recovery in individuals with brain damage. (allenpress.com)
Scans confirmed this and showed that improved verbal memory performance correlated with increased connectivity in different areas of the brain. (medscape.com)

Procedural memory was also not affected by tDCS. (uni-luebeck.de)
Declarative memory and procedural memory are known to be two fundamentally different kinds of memory that are dissociable in their psychological characteristics and measurement (explicit vs. implicit) and in the neural systems that subserve each kind of memory. (harvard.edu)
We compared 10-year-old children and young adults on measures of declarative memory and working memory capacity and on four measures of procedural memory that have been strongly dissociated from declarative memory (mirror tracing, rotary pursuit, probabilistic classification, and artificial grammar). (harvard.edu)
Children had lesser declarative memory ability and lesser working memory capacity than adults, but children exhibited learning equivalent to adults on all four measures of procedural memory. (harvard.edu)
However, making a cup of tea relies on procedural memory: common motor patterns that people perform almost automatically. (allenpress.com)

Juvenile HFD abolished both hippocampal synaptic plasticity, assessed through in vivo long-term potentiation (LTP) in CA1, and long-term hippocampal-dependent memory, using object location memory (OLM). (nature.com)
The cortical-hippocampal system - comprising complex, bi-directional flow of information between the neocortex, the parahippocampal region and the hippocampus - underpins the neural coding mechanisms of conscious memory . (brainblogger.com)
Since the rediscovery of adult hippocampal neurogenesis, behavioral data demonstrate that adult neurogenesis is required for memory processing. (nih.gov)
The hippocampus is crucial for forming non-hippocampal long-term memory during sleep. (dgps.de)
Over time, however, certain declarative memories from the distant past can be independently recalled without the hippocampal structures. (medscape.com)

The general objective of the thesis was to examine aspects of declarative memory functioning across the adult life span. (avhandlingar.se)
The phenomenon of human learning is not a unitary construct, rather it comprises a gamut of cognitive traits including memory, attention, decision making and social functioning. (brainblogger.com)

Human adaptation to environmental demands is based on memory, one basic cognitive ability. (neuronup.us)
The cognitive process behind familiarity (i.e. step 1 in recognition memory) is less methodical, but it's also faster and less subject to outside influence. (ubc.ca)
There is a theory of forgetting in cognitive psychology that suggests the encoding of new memories can cause interference with recall of memories previously encoded (known as retro-active interference ). (edu.au)

Recognition memory, a subcategory of explicit memory, is the ability to recognize previously encountered events, objects, or people. (wikipedia.org)
The hippocampus is felt to be a structure that is crucial to formation of memory--more specifically, a type of memory called declarative or explicit memory. (medscape.com)

Recall memory is more reliable than recognition memory because it doesn't depend on external cues, so if you remember the answer without reading the options, go with whatever's closest to what you know. (ubc.ca)
Use cues to store & retrieve memory instead of solely relying on "rote" memory. (flashcardmachine.com)

Theoretically, the capacity of long-term memory could be unlimited, the main constraint on recall being accessibility rather than availability. (edu.au)
This interference is proposed to prevent the recall of a specific memory by competing for expression. (edu.au)
So a new memory blocks the recall of an older memory. (edu.au)
Still able to recall distant events, the first symptom of Alzheimer's is when a person begins to lose their short-term memory. (express.co.uk)
because of this, students often seek as array of strategies to facilitate their memory and recall. (allenpress.com)
Declarative memory is essentially the ability to recall life events of the past such as what meal was eaten for breakfast or where the car is parked. (medscape.com)

Before and after each 3-day prednisone/placebo exposure, declarative memory was assessed using different versions of the Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test (RAVLT) to minimize practice or learning effects, while mood was assessed with the 21-item Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression, Young Mania Rating Scale and Internal State Scale. (duke.edu)
But, in those who meditated, researchers also observed improved visual, spatial, and verbal memory and lower depression rates. (medscape.com)

He explains that declarative memory can learn explicitly (consciously), as well as implicitly (non-consciously). (bioquicknews.com)
10 Implicit memory is that of performing a task without consciously "thinking" about it. (allenpress.com)

Additionally, the role of the temporal lobe in memory associated to emotional stimuli has been evaluated through the audio-visual Emotional Memory Test, where emotional content is presented by complex narratives. (bvsalud.org)
Results highlight the importance of left temporal lobe for long-term enhancement of declarative memory associated to emotional events. (bvsalud.org)

We examine neurocomputational studies to identify which basic mechanisms involved in memory might be mediated by adult neurogenesis. (nih.gov)

In 1980 George Mandler introduced the recollection-familiarity distinction, more formally known as the dual process theory It is debatable whether familiarity and recollection should be considered as separate categories of recognition memory. (wikipedia.org)
FLOPS specifically aims to promote cross-fertilization between theory and practice and among different styles of declarative programming. (uni-kiel.de)

A widely held model assumes that this is because newly encoded memories undergo covert reactivation during sleep. (nih.gov)
Our goal was to investigate possible differences in oscillatory activity and synchrony between the DHc and BLA during fear memory reactivation, between MS and non-handled (NH) rats. (bvsalud.org)

The current study aimed to better understand the relationships between declarative memory, ToM, and functional outcome in individuals with schizophrenia. (ucf.edu)
Experiment 2 revealed that object-in-place and recency recognition memory performance depended on a functional interaction between the hippocampus and either the perirhinal or medial prefrontal cortices. (jneurosci.org)
Examples of this declarative style include functional and logic programming, program transformation and re-writing, and extracting programs from proofs of their correctness. (uni-kiel.de)

In a declarative model, we just specific key-value pairs (usually) that describe what we want and let some other system worry about the commands to make it so. (f5.com)

Amy - Alongside those we also have non-declarative memories which would include things like emotional memory, so memories that give rise to particularly emotional states and skill learning. (thenakedscientists.com)

What we already know and can retrieve is underpinned by the neural system of memory, and the use of pre-existing neural networks can form the basis of further learning . (brainblogger.com)
Resembling the shape of a seahorse, the hippocampus helps people to retrieve two kinds of memory: declarative and spatial relationship memories. (express.co.uk)

Memories are stored in short-term memory stores and then can be transferred to long-term memory . (edu.au)
Then information that survives in short-term memory can pass into long-term memory. (edu.au)
But our long term memory is a bit more complicated. (thenakedscientists.com)
Amy - There are two very broad types of long term memory that we have. (thenakedscientists.com)

Recognition memory can be subdivided into two component processes: recollection and familiarity, sometimes referred to as "remembering" and "knowing", respectively. (wikipedia.org)
Within the field of Psychology, recognition memory was first alluded to by Wilhelm Wundt in his concept of know-againness or assimilation of a former memory image to a new one. (wikipedia.org)
Woodsworth (1913) and Margaret and Edward Strong (1916) were the first people to experimentally use and record findings employing the delayed matching to sample task to analyze recognition memory. (wikipedia.org)
Next came attempts to determine the upper limits of recognition memory, a task that Standing (1973) endeavored. (wikipedia.org)
Despite the popularity and influence of dual-process theories [for recognition memory], they are controversial because of the difficulty in obtaining separate empirical estimates of recollection and familiarity and the greater parsimony associated with single-process theories. (wikipedia.org)
Thus, rather than consisting of two separate categories, single-process models regard recognition memory as a continuum ranging from weak memories to strong memories. (wikipedia.org)
Do your best to read every single word of every question and possible answer-you never know what reference, word choice, or name could jog your (recognition) memory. (ubc.ca)
Sometimes it's easier to identify the wrong answers (that's recognition memory, too! (ubc.ca)
When Is the Hippocampus Involved in Recognition Memory? (jneurosci.org)
The role of the hippocampus in recognition memory is controversial. (jneurosci.org)
Rats were then tested in a series of object recognition memory tasks. (jneurosci.org)
Experiment 1 revealed that the hippocampus was crucial for object location, object-in-place, and recency recognition memory, but not for the novel object preference task. (jneurosci.org)
Thus, the hippocampus plays a role in recognition memory when such memory involves remembering that a particular stimulus occurred in a particular place or when the memory contains a temporal or object recency component. (jneurosci.org)
Recognition memory involves making judgments about whether a stimulus has been encountered before. (jneurosci.org)
However, it can be argued that recognition memory is not a unitary process, as distinct types of information are used to form judgments of prior occurrence, including the relative familiarity of an object or location or when or where an object was previously encountered (recency/temporal order memory or object-in-place memory, respectively). (jneurosci.org)
showing that, depending on the nature of the recognition memory judgment, these cortical regions may function within a neural circuit. (jneurosci.org)
Thus, under conditions in which recognition memory has a spatial or temporal component, the hippocampus appears to be critical. (jneurosci.org)
and second, that the hippocampus functionally interacts with either the perirhinal or medial prefrontal cortex during these recognition memory tasks. (jneurosci.org)

Miller's (1956) "magic" number 7 (plus or minus two) provides evidence for the capacity of short-term memory. (edu.au)

In contrast, high levels of stress/glucocorticoids can have the opposing effect on memory and learning processes. (brainblogger.com)

Sleep strengthens a baby's memory. (happiestbaby.com)

Declarative pearls: new and excellent declarative programs or theories with illustrative applications. (uni-kiel.de)

Memory labilization, the process by which memories become susceptible to update, is essential for memory reconsolidation and has been a target for novel therapies for traumatic memory-associated disorders. (bvsalud.org)

After this time the information decays and fades away unless repeated verbally (rehearsal), which keeps the information in short-term memory. (edu.au)

In short, getting adequate rest morphs initially weak memories into more stable memories, protecting them from getting lost in a sea of forgotten tidbits. (happiestbaby.com)

The duration of short-term memory seems to be between 15 and 30 seconds, according to the researchers Atkinson and Shiffrin (1971). (edu.au)
FLOPS aims to bring together practitioners, researchers and implementors of the declarative programming, to discuss mutually interesting results and common problems: theoretical advances, their implementations in language systems and tools, and applications of these systems in practice. (uni-kiel.de)

Alzheimer's Society lists other common examples of memory loss that may be present as the condition worsens. (express.co.uk)

They compared simple yoga and meditation with memory enhancement training (MET) to see the impact on memory. (medscape.com)

2021. Contributions of declarative memory and prior knowledge to incidental L2 vocabulary learning . (benjamins.com)

However, a significant decrease in aspects of RAVLT performance was observed after the first prednisone exposure consistent with a decline in declarative memory performance. (duke.edu)

REM sleep appears important for learning as its amount and proportion increases after learning and is reflected in the memory performance quantifie d after sleep. (jyu.fi)

We also summarize the current state of knowledge on the impact of emotion on memory and map implications for educational settings. (frontiersin.org)

The limbic system is a grouping of cortical and subcortical structures involved in memory formation and emotional responses. (medscape.com)

Retrospective evaluations of events in the "long term" (in behavioural neuroscience, this refers to a period longer than a day) have found memory processing to be a high fidelity system. (brainblogger.com)
There's declarative memories and these are memories that you can pass on in words, and that would include memories for events. (thenakedscientists.com)

The second (and preferred) is declarative, in which we tell the target system what to do, but not how. (f5.com)
Kelly's persistent memory research led to several tech transfers, notably to HP Indigo printing presses and to the HP Advanced File System. (usenix.org)
Submission of system descriptions and declarative pearls are especially encouraged. (uni-kiel.de)
System descriptions and declarative pearls must be explicitly marked as such in the title. (uni-kiel.de)

When the previously experienced event is reexperienced, this environmental content is matched to stored memory representations, eliciting matching signals. (wikipedia.org)
Moreover, it provides an opportunity to modify the memory trace both in terms of content and structure. (brainblogger.com)

Scholars@Duke publication: Effect of two prednisone exposures on mood and declarative memory. (duke.edu)
The more intense the mood, the higher the likelihood of memory loss. (hdkino.org)

Anatomy19

Organisms4

Diseases8

Chemicals and Drugs4

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment12

Psychiatry and Psychology54

Phenomena and Processes15

Anthropology, Education, Sociology and Social Phenomena1

Humanities1

Information Science2

Health Care4

Impairment6

Semantic memory4

Deficits4

Nondeclarative2

Humans5

Improves2

Spatial memory1

Neuronal1

Retrieval10

Arousal1

Hypothesis1

Adulthood3

Retention3

Consolidation9

Episodic6

Brain12

Procedural memory5

Hippocampal5

Functioning2

Cognitive3

Explicit memory2

Cues2

Recall6

Verbal2

Consciously2

Temporal lobe2

Examine1

Theory2

Reactivation2

Functional3

Pairs1

Emotional Memory1

Retrieve2

Long-term m4

Recognition memory18

Evidence1

Glucocorticoids1

Strengthens1

Theories1

Reconsolidation1

Rehearsal1

Weak memories1

Researchers2

Examples1

Enhancement1

Vocabulary1

Consistent1

Performance1

Implications1

Cortical1

Events2

System4

Content2

Mood2