• Various immunotherapy tumor-targeting schemes. (technologynetworks.com)
  • To explore the chance of using myeloma cells as the foundation of tumor antigens for immunotherapy myeloma cell lysate-specific CTLs had been generated from sufferers by culturing T cells with autologous DCs pulsed with freeze-thaw lysate from myeloma cells 43. (tech-strategy.org)
  • However, one has always to keep in mind that many challenges do still exist such as what is the best sequence and timing of joint applications, what are the best immunotherapy approaches, how to overcome tumor resistances, what about healthy tissue cytotoxicity, or which biomarkers or matrices of biomarkers are most beneficial for patients stratification, just to mention the most burning ones. (frontiersin.org)
  • Further insights on the roles of CD8 + specificities and TCR avidity of naturally arising tumor-specific T cells, where both high and low avidity T cells recognizing the same peptide-major histocompatibility complex (pMHC) coexist in the same tumor, are crucial for understanding T cell exhaustion and resistance to PD-1 immunotherapy. (bmj.com)
  • In ICB-refractory MM models, increasing CD8(+) T cell cytotoxicity or depleting T-reg cells reversed immunotherapy resistance and yielded prolonged MM control. (unav.edu)
  • Background Neoantigens, new immunogenic sequences arising from tumor mutations, have been associated with response to immunotherapy and are considered potential targets for vaccination. (unav.edu)
  • These data demonstrate that a transplantation protocol involving only selective tumor-reactive donor T cell families is an effective immunotherapy and results in long-term survival in a mouse model of human MM. The results highlight the need to develop similar ATCT strategies for MM patients that result in enhanced survival without symptoms of GvHD. (biomedcentral.com)
  • However, not all patients respond to immunotherapy, acquired resistance remains a challenge, and responses are poor in certain tumors which are considered to be immunologically cold. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Combination of Adar1 loss and anti-PD-1 synergized to eliminate tumors and prolong survival in mice, and Adar1 deletion resensitized treatment-resistant tumors to immunotherapy, even in the case when tumor cells could not be recognized by CD8 + T cells due to B2m loss. (acir.org)
  • After treatment, tumor-specific T cells from mice treated with neoadjuvant immunotherapy had an increased expression of granzyme B, TNFα, and IFNγ. (acir.org)
  • Cancer immunotherapy by chimeric antigen receptor-modified T (CAR-T) cells has shown exhilarative clinical efficacy for hematological malignancies. (ijbs.com)
  • Pre-activation of NK cells by the cytokines IL-12/18 plus IL-15 or by engagement of FcγRIII/CD16 via therapeutic antibodies can induce similar memory-like functions: an enhanced proliferative capacity toward IL-2 due to CD25 up-regulation as well as a strengthened responsiveness to restimulation by tumor cells. (wikipedia.org)
  • While low radiation doses mostly seem to enhance immune cell infiltration into tumors, higher doses do induce immunogenic cancer cell death, and create an immune stimulatory micro-environment for the attracted immune cells. (frontiersin.org)
  • Treatment of metastatic renal cell carcinoma with allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation after nonmyeloablative conditioning with fludarabine/total body irradiation is feasible and may induce tumor regression or stabilization in some patients. (aacrjournals.org)
  • Dendritic cells acquire antigen from apoptotic cells and induce class I-restricted CTLs. (nwbio.com)
  • LN metastases resist T cell-mediated cytotoxicity, induce antigen-specific regulatory T cells, and generate tumor-specific immune tolerance that subsequently facilitates distant tumor colonization. (stanford.edu)
  • When loaded with immune complexes (IC), consisting of tumor antigens bound to antitumor antibody, BMDC induce powerful antitumor immunity in mice. (stanford.edu)
  • Furthermore, by in vitro priming of human CD8+ T cells derived from a healthy donor recognizing CXorf61 66-74 we were able to induce a strong antigen-specific immune response and clone a human TCR recognizing this epitope. (oncotarget.com)
  • We identified the HLA-A2 restricted T cell epitopes from MAGE-A3 that could effectively induce the activation and cytotoxicity of CD8+ T cells using artificial APC in vitro . (thno.org)
  • Multimodal immunogenic cell death (ICD) together with autophagy often induced by OVs not only presents potent danger signals to dendritic cells but also efficiently cross-present tumor-associated antigens from cancer cells to dendritic cells to T cells to induce adaptive antitumor immunity. (biomedcentral.com)
  • OVs armed with GM-CSF (such as T-VEC and Pexa-Vec) or other immunostimulatory genes, induce potent anti-tumor immunity in both animal models and human patients. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Strategies to induce anti-tumor immune responses could complement standard-of-care therapies for these patients. (oncotarget.com)
  • Designing adjuvants that can induce strong cytotoxic T cell responses in humans would greatly improve the effectiveness of an antiviral vaccination or therapeutic strategy. (aai.org)
  • Haining concluded that Adar1 is a checkpoint, and its removal could potentially induce sufficient inflammation to restrict tumor growth while bypassing the need for recognition of tumor by CD8 + T cells. (acir.org)
  • Though adaptive NK cells do not possess antigen specificity, they exhibit dynamic expansions of defined cell subsets, increased proliferation and long-term persistence for up to 3 months in vivo, high IFN-γ production, potent cytotoxic activity upon ex vivo restimulation, and protective memory responses. (wikipedia.org)
  • These NK cells bear activating MHC class I-binding receptors, typically CD94/NKG2C, demonstrate reduced activation and degranulation in response to activated autologous T cells and they are CD56dim CD16+. (wikipedia.org)
  • The cytotoxicity of adaptive NK cells remains a constant question in this field. (wikipedia.org)
  • It had been indicated similar or reduced degranulation of CD107a as compared to cNK cells after CD16 ligation or stimulation with antibody-coated tumor targets. (wikipedia.org)
  • These research provide indirect evidence that idiotype-specific T cells may have a regulatory effect on individual tumor B cells. (tech-strategy.org)
  • After repeated rounds of T-cell excitement with idiotype-pulsed autologous DCs idiotype-specific T-cell lines which contains both Compact disc4+ and Compact disc8+ T cells had been produced and propagated through the peripheral bloodstream mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of myeloma sufferers. (tech-strategy.org)
  • Idiotype-specific proliferative replies were noticed when these T cells had been rechallenged using the autologous however not allogeneic idiotype-pulsed DCs. (tech-strategy.org)
  • With a regular 51chromium-release assay our outcomes demonstrated that idiotype-specific CTLs not merely known and lysed autologous idiotype-pulsed DCs but also considerably killed autologous major myeloma cells. (tech-strategy.org)
  • The cytotoxicity was MHC course I- also to a lesser level class II-restricted recommending that myeloma cells could procedure idiotype proteins and present idiotype peptides in the framework of their surface area MHC molecules. (tech-strategy.org)
  • Myeloma plasma cells and myeloma-specific T cells Myeloma tumor cells may include a large number of tumor antigens that may stimulate an elevated repertoire of YIL 781 anti-tumor T cells and result in an induction of more powerful antimyeloma replies. (tech-strategy.org)
  • After 4-6 cycles of antigen excitement particular CTL lines formulated with both Compact disc4+ and Compact disc8+ T cells had been extracted from four sufferers. (tech-strategy.org)
  • These cell lines proliferated in response to autologous major myeloma cells and DCs pulsed with autologous however not allogeneic tumor lysate and secreted mostly IFN-γ and tumor necrosis aspect (TNF)-α indicating they are YIL 781 type-1 T cells (Th1 and Tc1). (tech-strategy.org)
  • The CTLs got solid cytotoxic activity against autologous tumor lysate-pulsed DCs and major myeloma cells. (tech-strategy.org)
  • Myeloma-specific CTLs may also be propagated and induced through the use of myeloma-DC fusion cells as antigen-presenting cells. (tech-strategy.org)
  • The heterokaryons produced by cancer-DC fusion cells combine the equipment needed for immune system stimulation YIL 781 with display of a big repertoire of antigens. (tech-strategy.org)
  • In murine plasmacytoma versions vaccination with DCs fused with mouse 4TOO plasmacytoma cells 44 or J558 myeloma YIL 781 cells 45 was connected with induction of anti-tumor humoral and CTL replies. (tech-strategy.org)
  • Immunization using the fusion cells secured mice against tumor problem and expanded the success of tumor-established mice without eradication from the tumor cells. (tech-strategy.org)
  • Fusions with older in comparison with immature DCs induced higher degrees of T-cell proliferation and activation as evaluated by intracellular IFN-γ appearance and more powerful cytotoxic T-cell activity against the tumor cells. (tech-strategy.org)
  • Transduction of CLL cells by CD40 ligand enhances an antigen-specific immune recognition by autologous T cells. (shengsci.com)
  • This is why this important component of cancer treatment should be combined with immune therapies to shift the balance toward immune activation against tumor cells. (frontiersin.org)
  • demonstrate for the first time in pre-clinical model systems that radiotherapy can be combined with vaccination with syngeneic whole-tumor cell vaccine generated by high hydrostatic pressure, mimicking in cancer patients autologous vaccine from their own tumor cells. (frontiersin.org)
  • Patients were monitored for donor engraftment of myeloid and lymphoid cells, for clinical response by serial imaging, and for immunologic response by in vitro isolation of donor-derived CD8 + CTLs recognizing recipient minor histocompatibility (H) antigens. (aacrjournals.org)
  • Clones from three patients with a partial response or stable disease recognized antigens expressed on renal cell carcinoma tumor cells. (aacrjournals.org)
  • CD8 + CTL-recognizing minor H antigens on tumor cells can be isolated posttransplant and could contribute to the graft- versus -tumor effect. (aacrjournals.org)
  • Tetramer staining was performed to determine the frequency and avidity of CD8 + T cells targeting the tumor-specific epitope GSW11 and confirmed with tetramer competition assays. (bmj.com)
  • High avidity T cells (Tet hi ), if present, were only found in progressing PD-1 refractory tumors. (bmj.com)
  • We show that an epigenetically instilled tumor-intrinsic interferon response program confers enhanced LN metastatic potential by enabling the evasion of NK cells and promoting LN colonization. (stanford.edu)
  • BM-derived DC (BMDC) are powerful antigen-presenting cells. (stanford.edu)
  • Distinct receptor-ligand interactions and distinct cytokine milieus lead to the generation of antigen-specific memory NK cells. (nature.com)
  • Cytokine-induced memory NK cells can be generated by exposure to inflammatory cytokines even in the absence of a defined antigen. (nature.com)
  • Lessons learned from the study of NK cell memory could help with the design of better expansion protocols for adoptive NK cell therapy, for the manufacturing of chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-engineered NK cells and for improving NK cell-based therapies that rely on antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC). (nature.com)
  • First, similarly to T cells and B cells, NK cells can exert immunological memory after encounters with stimuli such as haptens or viruses, resulting in the generation of antigen-specific memory NK cells. (nature.com)
  • Second, NK cells can remember inflammatory cytokine milieus that imprint long-lasting non-antigen-specific NK cell effector function. (nature.com)
  • Figure 3: Potential applications of memory NK cells for tumour therapy. (nature.com)
  • elicits antiproliferative and proapoptotic activities in vitro in solid and hematologic tumor cells. (medscape.com)
  • 53% of TNBC patients express this antigen in at least 30% of their tumor cells. (oncotarget.com)
  • By vaccination of HLA-A*02-transgenic mice with CXorf61 encoding RNA we obtained high frequencies of CXorf61-specific T cells. (oncotarget.com)
  • B16-OVA tumors benefited from a synergistic effect, reaching 75% of tumor rejection, but higher levels of exhausted T-cells in LLC-OVA tumors co-expressing PD-1, LAG3 and TIM3 precluded similar levels of efficacy. (unav.edu)
  • Findings Secreted, retained cytoplasmically, and endocytosed forms of AFP use exclusive subscriber base and digesting paths, ensuing in different immunologic reactions from the caused antigen-specific Compact disc4+ and Compact disc8+ Capital t cells and between healthful contributor and HCC individuals. (immune-source.com)
  • In this study, we comprehensively screened HLA-A2 restricted MAGE-A3 tumor epitopes and characterized the corresponding TCRs using in vitro artificial antigen presentation cells (APC) system, single-cell transcriptome and TCR V(D)J sequencing, and machine-learning. (thno.org)
  • Importantly, T cells artificially expressing the MAGE-A3-Mp4 specific TCRs exhibited strong MAGE-A3+ tumor cell recognition and killing effect. (thno.org)
  • Because the suggestions for drug screening process in antineoplastic remedies need evaluation of individual tumors xenotransplanted into immune-compromised 4-Aminohippuric Acid mice (5), the function from the immune system continues to be neglected (6), producing studies centered on the interplay between disease fighting capability and dying cells required. (treatmentforprostatecancer.info)
  • Transplanting only tumor reactive donor T cells that mediate a graft-versus-myeloma (GvM) but not GvHD may overcome this problem. (biomedcentral.com)
  • We used an MHC-matched/miHA-disparate B10.D2 → Balb/c bone marrow transplantation (BMT) murine model and MOPC315.BM MM cells to develop an ATCT protocol consisting of total body irradiation, autologous-BMT and infusion of selective, myeloma-reactive lymphocytes of T cell receptor (TCR) Vβ 2, 3 and 8.3 families (MM-auto BMT ATCT). (biomedcentral.com)
  • Much of the curative potential of allografts is attributed to the graft-versus-tumor (GvT) response that aims to destroy residual tumor cells that persist after induction therapy and ASCT [ 5 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Since GvT responses involve T-cell recognition of tumor-specific peptides presented by MHC molecules [ 14 ], it may be possible to identify and select donor T cells that provide beneficial GvT responses but minimal GvHD risk. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The implication of these results would be that myeloma-specific T cell subfamilies might be positively selected from the donor inoculum and infused to myeloma patients post ASCT, to afford separation of allo- from tumor-reactive T cells without the prior need to define specific target antigens. (biomedcentral.com)
  • They kill infected cancer and associated endothelial cells via direct oncolysis, and uninfected cells via tumor vasculature targeting and bystander effect. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In vitro , doxorubicin microparticles were less cytotoxic to DCs than to B lymphoma cells, did not require internalization by tumor cells, and significantly enhanced phagocytosis of tumor cells by DCs as compared with soluble doxorubicin. (aacrjournals.org)
  • One is the ability to administer large numbers of highly selected cells with high avidity for tumor antigens that can recognize shared and patient-specific mutated (neo) antigens. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Successful TIL therapy starts with the identification, enrichment, stimulation, and expansion of potent tumor-reactive T cells. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Taking advantage of the diverse γδ TCR repertoire or other ligand-receptor interactions, γδ T cells can recognize a broad spectrum of tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) in a major histocompatibility complex (MHC)-independent manner, thereby activating downstream pleiotropic effects. (explorationpub.com)
  • However, the clinical application of tumor-infiltrating γδ T cells has certain limitations. (explorationpub.com)
  • These cells may be a key factor ultimately mediating the deviation of the antagonistic response between tumor inhibition and tumor promotion. (explorationpub.com)
  • According to current challenges, there is a need to explore innovative immunotherapies, maximize the tumor-killing efficacy of γδ T cells, and attenuate or eliminate tumor immunosuppression. (explorationpub.com)
  • Efficacy was dependent on the number of CD8+ T cells able to recognize tumor antigens that infiltrated the malignant tissue. (unav.edu)
  • Decreasing the apoptotic threshold of tumor cells through protein kinase C inhibition and sphingomyelinase activation increases tumor killing by ionizing radiation. (uchicago.edu)
  • NK Cells get their oral action in 2 results: design and tumor law. (nilsvolkmann.de)
  • Tumour cells are small in size and have no discernible cytoplasm. (hospitalpharmacyeurope.com)
  • Mature Schwann cells represent the dominant component of the tumour, characteristically forming multiple fascicles covered with perineurial cells. (hospitalpharmacyeurope.com)
  • Upon bacterial stimulation, MAIT cells display immediate effector activity, namely production of pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNFα, IFNγ, IL-17) and cytotoxicity. (cryostem.org)
  • Persistent increases in serum levels of interferon gamma and granzyme B were observed in both Arms (6/20 patients in Arm 4 and 2/20 patients in Arm B). These data suggest that the generation of tumor-antigen-specific T cells through vaccination may help overcome primary resistance to anti-PD-1 monotherapy in prostate cancer. (sitcancer.org)
  • or actively by prior immunization of the recipient with graft antigens which evoke specific antibodies and form antigen-antibody complexes which bind to the antigen receptor sites of the T-cells and block their cytotoxic activity. (lookformedical.com)
  • Therapeutic vaccines are aimed at promoting regression of HPV-associated lesions by the induction of cellular immune responses directed against viral proteins expressed in tumor cells[ 25 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Although the efficacy of adoptive transfer of tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) was examined over several decades, genetically engineered T cells expressing chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) rapidly replaced the application of TILs due to their high specificity, non-MHC-restricted recognition of tumor antigen, superior potency, and improved in vivo persistency [ 9 , 13 , 14 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • O'Donnell showed that this is due to a strong early expansion, subsequent contraction, and establishment of memory response of tumor-specific CD8 + T cells. (acir.org)
  • The memory response originated with previously dysfunctional tumor-specific T cells and did not involve de novo priming. (acir.org)
  • In tumors, antigen-specific functional ICOS + CD4 + cells were increased, and both ICOS + CD4 + and CD8 + T cells were increased in the blood of patients. (acir.org)
  • CXCL8) is produced by many solid tumors, where it attracts myeloid cells and potentiates the survival of tumor cells. (acir.org)
  • To further understand the current status and trend for developing CAR-T cell based therapies for various solid tumors, this review emphasizes on CAR-T techniques, current obstacles, and strategies for application, as well as necessary companion diagnostics for treatment of solid tumors with CAR-T cells. (ijbs.com)
  • Despite these efforts, there are still no CAR-T cells clinically approved for solid tumor treatment so far. (ijbs.com)
  • Encouragingly and optimistically, in this landscape, more than forty clinical trials in treatment of solid tumors by CAR-T cells have been registered in China alone (Table 1 ) [ 6 ]. (ijbs.com)
  • Therefore, in this review, we focus on current CAR-T techniques , obstacles, strategies for overcoming these obstacles, as well as necessary companion diagnostics in treatment of solid tumors with CAR-T cells. (ijbs.com)
  • CTLA-4 is related to the T cell co-stimulatory receptor CD28, and acts to suppress T cell function by competing with CD28 for binding to CD80 and CD86 on antigen presenting cells and recruiting inhibitory molecules into the TCR signaling synapse. (sanguinebio.com)
  • Thus, the mechanism of action of Ipilimumab has been presumed to involve releasing anti-tumor effector T cells from CTLA-4-inhibition and/or limiting T REG activity in the tumor and therefore resulting in an increase in the ratio of effector T cells/ T REG s within the tumor. (sanguinebio.com)
  • sought to clarify the mechanism by which Ipilimumab functions to alter the ratio of effector T cells/ T REG s in a murine tumor model. (sanguinebio.com)
  • In tumors which had high levels of infiltrating CD11b + macrophages expressing the ADCC-activating FcgRIV, T REGS were selectively depleted in an FcgR-dependant manner, while effector T cells were instead expanded. (sanguinebio.com)
  • allogeneic stem cell transplantation and donor lymphocyte infusions with or without donor vaccination using patient-derived idiotype and potential program of donor-derived or hRPB14 patient-derived antigen-specific T-cell infusion within this disease may also be discussed. (tech-strategy.org)
  • Between February 1986 and March 1990, 56 patients with relapsed Hodgkin's disease treated with high-dose cyclophosphamide, carmustine, and etoposide (CBV) received an autologous peripheral stem cell transplantation (PSCT) rather than an autologous bone marrow transplantation (ABMT) because each patient had a marrow abnormality, either hypocellularity or tumor involvement. (shengsci.com)
  • The choice of chemotherapy depends on several factors, including the patient's performance status, age, renal function, desire for inpatient or outpatient therapy, and likelihood of receiving future autologous stem cell transplantation. (medscape.com)
  • Despite chemo-induction therapy and autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT), the vast majority of patients with Multiple Myeloma (MM) relapse within 7 years and the disease remains incurable. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Survival of patients with multiple myeloma (MM) beyond 7 years remains rare even after autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT) and treatment with novel agents [ 1 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • There is currently no cure for MM. However, advances in therapy, such as autologous stem cell transplantation, radiation, and surgical care in certain cases, have helped to lessen the occurrence and severity of adverse effects of this disease and to manage associated complications. (medscape.com)
  • His research program spans a range from basic studies in molecular cancer genetics and tumor immunology to translational clinical cancer research testing novel immunotherapeutic strategies and targeted compounds in vivo for the treatment of gynecologic malignancies. (yale.edu)
  • To enhance vaccine potency and improve thus responses to ICI, we analyzed the gene expression profile of an immunosuppressive dendritic cell (DC) population induced during vaccination, with the goal of identifying druggable inhibitory mechanisms. (unav.edu)
  • It may be nonspecific as in the administration of immunosuppressive agents (drugs or radiation) or by lymphocyte depletion or may be specific as in desensitization or the simultaneous administration of antigen and immunosuppressive drugs. (lookformedical.com)
  • This phase I trial assessed the safety, efficacy, and immunologic responses to minor histocompatibility antigens following nonmyeloablative allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation as treatment for metastatic renal cell carcinoma. (aacrjournals.org)
  • This improved efficacy was associated with higher tumor T-cell infiltration and overexpression of PD-1/PD-L1. (unav.edu)
  • For example, the relative inefficiency of delivering OVs to tumor nodules, selective viral replication inside tumor nodules and spread to distant micrometastases limits its overall efficacy. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Combining tumor-specific adoptive T cell therapy to the aCTLA-4/aPD1/rIL2 or aCTLA-4/aPD1/aCD137 reg-imens enhances efficacy in a synergistic manner. (unav.edu)
  • Activating receptors contain cytoplasmic immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motifs (ITAM) and activate the FcgR-expressing cell to mediate functions including antibody-dependant cell mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) and phagocytosis of the antibody-labeled target cell. (sanguinebio.com)
  • Contemporary anti-cancer therapies purpose at inducing immunogenic tumor cell loss of life. (treatmentforprostatecancer.info)
  • On the basis of recent advances in the understanding of antitumor immunity, we designed a three-step approach to in situ immunization to lymphoma: (i) inducing immunogenic tumor cell death with the chemotherapeutic drug doxorubicin. (aacrjournals.org)
  • In vitro cytotoxicity assays and in vivo adoptive transfer experiments were performed to determine the cytotoxicity of high and low avidity populations. (bmj.com)
  • Adoptive transfer of Tet lo showed more effective tumor control than Tet hi , and curative responses were achieved when Tet lo was combined with two doses of anti-PD-1. (bmj.com)
  • Future interventions may consider expanding low avidity populations via vaccination or adoptive transfer. (bmj.com)
  • Radiotherapy thereby acts as an adjuvant for the vaccine that contains many tumor-associated antigens (adjuvanticity plus antigenicity) ( Seitz et al. ). (frontiersin.org)
  • Thus, monocyte depletion by gemcitabine administration reduced the generation of these DC and increased vaccine-induced immunity, which rejected about 20% of LLC-OVA and B16-OVA tumors, which are non-responders to anti-PD-1. (unav.edu)
  • To advance the vaccine for energy in humans, we will group the individual antigens, all associated with iron acquisition (IreA, Hma, IutA, FyuA), into an effective combination to establish a multi-subunit vaccine. (morainetownshipdems.org)
  • We shown for all four vaccine antigens that antigen-specific serum IgG represents a strong correlate of safety in vaccinated mice. (morainetownshipdems.org)
  • Sera from ladies with and without histories of UTI have been tested for antibody levels to vaccine antigens. (morainetownshipdems.org)
  • We also characterized the therapeutic anti-tumor effects of the recombinant λ-HPV-16 E7 phage in C57BL/6 tumor mice model as a cancer vaccine. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Fusion cell vaccination of patients with metastatic breast and renal cancer induces immunological and clinical responses. (nwbio.com)
  • Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is an aggressive lung tumour strongly associated with cigarette smoking, with patients often presenting with metastatic disease at the time of diagnosis. (ersjournals.com)
  • Patient biopsies revealed an 89% increase in CD47 expression by immunohistochemistry in metastatic brain TNBC tumors compared to primary lesions. (sitcancer.org)
  • In mice bearing brain metastatic 4T1br3 tumors, anti-CD47 treatment shrank tumors by roughly 50% compared to controls, which accompanied by a 5-fold increase in expression of F4/80 macrophage markers in the tumors. (sitcancer.org)
  • We have shown that antibodies bind to the surface of UPEC expressing the antigens. (morainetownshipdems.org)
  • In xenograft models, directly thawed frozen FT536 significantly slowed tumor growth, which was further enhanced when infused in combination with the monoclonal antibodies. (sitcancer.org)
  • The disease is generally categorized as warm or cold, depending on the thermal reactivity of the autoantibodies Autoantibodies Antibodies that react with self-antigens (autoantigens) of the organism that produced them. (lecturio.com)
  • Thus differential affinities of IgG subclasses to functionally different Fcg receptors are thought to mediate the variation in clinical effectiveness of different antibodies targeting the same antigen. (sanguinebio.com)
  • This study concluded that a major mechanism of action for both antibodies involved engagement of activating FcgRs leading to ADCC-mediated T REG depletion from the tumor. (sanguinebio.com)
  • Thus, even for functionally different (antagonistic versus agonistic) immunotherapeutic antibodies targeting these same T cell populations, FcgR-mediated ADCC of T REG s appears to be a critical mechanism for anti-tumor effects. (sanguinebio.com)
  • Bryan Hancock, PhD (Fate Therapeutics) previewed the preclinical studies supporting the investigational new drug application for FT536, a CAR NK cell product derived from an inducible pluripotent stem-cell line engineered for enhanced effector cell functionality, persistence, and multi-antigen targeting capabilities through CD16-mediated antibody dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC). (sitcancer.org)
  • Many of these factors stem from the location of the epitope that can affect accessibility of the antibody to the epitope at a cellular or molecular level, direct inhibition of target antigen activity, conservation of function despite escape mutations, and even non-competitive inhibition sites. (preprints.org)
  • Through the incorporation of novel computational methods for predicting antigen changes to model-informed drug discovery and development, superior vaccines and antibody-based therapeutics or diagnostics can now be more easily designed to mitigate failures. (preprints.org)
  • Coadministration with a HDAC inhibitor inhibits innate immunity transiently to promote infection and spread of OVs, and significantly enhances anti-tumor immunity and improves the therapeutic index. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Upon mRNA intratumoral injections in the transplantable mouse cancer models CT26, MC38, and B16OVA, potent therapeutic effects were observed following repeated injections into the tumors. (unav.edu)
  • Mice vaccinated with λ-HPV-16 E7 are able to generate potent therapeutic antitumor effects against challenge with E7- expressing tumor cell line, TC-1 compared to group treated with the wild phage. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Dr. Sharma's main takeaway was that analysis of tumor samples before and after treatment should enable rational guidance for therapeutic decisions. (acir.org)
  • Furthermore, the tumor-reactive TCRs with killing potency was screened and verified. (thno.org)
  • Multi-targeting through the CAR and CD16-mediated ADCC was also demonstrated when FT536 was combined with trastuzumab or cetuximab for HER2- or EGFR-expressing tumors, respectively. (sitcancer.org)
  • Tumor-associated T REGS expressedhigher levels of CTLA-4 than their effector T cell counterparts, or than T REGS present in the lymph node, indicating that higher CTLA-4 expression levels mediate ADCC via macrophages in the tumor. (sanguinebio.com)
  • In clinical practice, a key challenge for generating TIL products is the accessibility, quantity, and quality of tumor tissue in the era of neo-adjuvant therapy. (biomedcentral.com)
  • By definition, Schwannian stroma should comprise less than 50% of the tumour tissue to be NB. (hospitalpharmacyeurope.com)
  • An immune response with both cellular and humoral components, directed against an allogeneic transplant, whose tissue antigens are not compatible with those of the recipient. (lookformedical.com)
  • Methods CT26 models were treated with anti-PD-1 on days 3, 6 and 9 following subcutaneous tumor implantation generating variable responses during early tumor development. (bmj.com)
  • However, systematic analysis of T cell immune responses to MAGE-A3 antigen and corresponding antigen-specific TCR is still lacking. (thno.org)
  • Although immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) reinvigorates anti-tumor immune responses by disrupting co-inhibitory T-cell signaling, relapse frequently occurs after ICB treatment and acquired resistance often emergence after initial response [ 4 ]. (thno.org)
  • In this regard, immune-transcriptome analyses of T cell receptor (TCR) Vβ CDR3-size and sequence is being used to characterize alloreactive versus tumor-specific T-cell responses. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In mice, this three-step therapy induced CD4- and CD8-dependent systemic immune responses that enhanced T-cell infiltration into distant tumors, leading to their eradication and significantly improving survival. (aacrjournals.org)
  • As SCLC is a very chemosensitive tumour, rapid responses, with symptomatic improvement, are often seen with chemotherapy. (ersjournals.com)
  • Vaccination should thus aim at mimicking these natural responses. (biomedcentral.com)
  • We also show that recombinant adenovirus vaccination induced T cell responses to the same epitopes, and led to memory T cell differentiation. (biomedcentral.com)
  • mannose receptor (Mister/Compact disc206) as the principal subscriber base path for both regular cable blood-derived AFP (nAFP) and tumor-derived AFP (tAFP) protein. (immune-source.com)
  • Potent and persistent antigen-specific cytotoxicty was demonstrated against an array of solid and hematological tumor lines. (sitcancer.org)
  • In summary, our data confirms this antigen as promising target for T cell based therapies. (oncotarget.com)
  • In the 1950s and 1960s, researchers found that mice and rats subjected to stressful stimuli were more likely to develop viral infections and tumors than nonstressed animals (Miller, 1998). (psychiatrictimes.com)
  • In this scholarly study, we demonstrated how different kinds and systems of cell loss of life, induced by different stimuli, influence the results of allogeneic tumor transplants in BALB/c immune-competent mice. (treatmentforprostatecancer.info)
  • We show that treatment of the mice with a combination of anti-CTLA-4 + anti-PD1 mAbs results in partial clearance of the tumor with an improvement in survival. (unav.edu)
  • antigens that can separately protect experimentally infected mice from colonization of the bladder and/or kidneys by UPEC when given intranasally with cholera toxin (CT) as an adjuvant. (morainetownshipdems.org)
  • This translated to reduced tumor growth and increased survival in mice. (acir.org)
  • Importantly, both memory-like functionalities are antigen-unspecific and mean "remembering" a previous state of increased activation caused by cytokine exposure or stimulation via activating NK cell receptors. (wikipedia.org)
  • The basic concepts derived from studying NK cell memory might lead to novel strategies for refining vaccination protocols to improve treatments for infectious diseases. (nature.com)
  • In the present research, we looked into the cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of THS using in vitro cell versions and managed lab circumstances for the era and collection of THS. (immune-source.com)
  • Adoptive cell therapy using engineered T-cell receptors (TCRs) targeting cancer-testis antigens, such as Melanoma-associated antigen 3 (MAGE-A3), is a potential approach for the treatment of NSCLC. (thno.org)
  • The last mentioned has become specifically essential in the framework of illnesses like tumor where common 4-Aminohippuric Acid treatments (e.g., rays and chemotherapy) derive from the substantial induction of tumor cell loss of life. (treatmentforprostatecancer.info)
  • Recent data suggest that the tumour, node, metastasis classification traditionally reserved for the staging of nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC) can also be applied for the staging of SCLC 3 . (ersjournals.com)
  • This importance is focussed on the target binding site - epitope, where epitope selection as a part of design thinking beyond traditional antigen selection using whole cell or whole protein immunisation can positively impact success. (preprints.org)
  • Pre- and post-treatment tumor analysis after anti-CTLA-4 treatment demonstrated changes in a number of T cell genes, the most surprising of which was the ICOS pathway. (acir.org)
  • Despite the progresses made in treating hematological malignancies, challenges still remain for use of CAR-T cell therapy to treat solid tumors. (ijbs.com)
  • In elderly patients or patients in whom autologous transplantation is not possible in the future, melphalan and prednisone (MP) therapy is preferred because of its ease of administration and low toxicity. (medscape.com)
  • Transplantation between genetically identical individuals, i.e., members of the same species with identical histocompatibility antigens, such as monozygotic twins, members of the same inbred strain, or members of a hybrid population produced by crossing certain inbred strains. (lookformedical.com)
  • the median age at diagnosis is 17 months.5 The clinical presentation is highly variable, ranging from a mass that causes no symptoms to a primary tumour that causes critical illness as a result of local invasion, widely disseminated disease, or both. (hospitalpharmacyeurope.com)
  • FT536 carries a CAR targeting the pan-tumor associated antigens MICA and MICB (MICA/B) and the product can be consistently and uniformly produced as well as cryopreserved at clinical scale. (sitcancer.org)
  • Taking into consideration the large numbers of cytotoxic medications found in the treating neoplastic illnesses presently, much information is certainly missing to anticipate the anti-tumor response from the web host reliably. (treatmentforprostatecancer.info)
  • There is also a need for rational combinations beyond interleukin (IL)-2 and programmed death (PD)-1/ cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated antigen (CTLA)-4 immune checkpoint blockade and to combat exhaustion and restore costimulatory functions, e.g., with gene-engineered or pharmacologic agent-treated TILs. (biomedcentral.com)
  • High-grade glioma (HGG) are the most frequent malignant primary brain tumor, which account for 80% of all gliomas in the United States, and are encountered with an annual incidence of 5.26 per 100,000 population, or 17,000 new cases diagnosed per year. (surgicalneurologyint.com)
  • Effect of anticoagulant/antifibrinolytic combination therapy on enhanced-fibrinolytic-type DIC in end-of-life stage solid tumor patients. (kanazawa-u.ac.jp)
  • In addition, Adar1-deficient tumors expressed more IFNβ and IFNγ, and experienced significant growth inhibition. (acir.org)
  • The change in the stromal compartments of tumors following radiation exposure have to be followed very detailed for future radioimmunotherapy optimization. (frontiersin.org)
  • Phase I dose-escalation study of tumor necrosis factor-alpha and concomitant radiation therapy. (uchicago.edu)
  • Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) gene therapy targeted by ionizing radiation selectively damages tumor vasculature. (uchicago.edu)
  • Enhancement of replication of genetically engineered herpes simplex viruses by ionizing radiation: a new paradigm for destruction of therapeutically intractable tumors. (uchicago.edu)
  • Radiogenetic therapy: on the interaction of viral therapy and ionizing radiation for improving local control of tumors. (uchicago.edu)
  • Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a moderately mutated tumor, where the neoantigen repertoire has not been investigated. (unav.edu)
  • Identification of the major histocompatibility antigens of transplant DONORS and potential recipients, usually by serological tests. (lookformedical.com)
  • Donor and recipient pairs should be of identical ABO blood group, and in addition should be matched as closely as possible for HISTOCOMPATIBILITY ANTIGENS in order to minimize the likelihood of allograft rejection. (lookformedical.com)
  • Lymph node colonization induces tumor-immune tolerance to promote distant metastasis. (stanford.edu)
  • Lymph node colonization promotes distant tumor metastasis through the induction of tumor-specific immunosuppression. (stanford.edu)
  • The induction of prolonged survival and growth of allografts of either tumors or normal tissues which would ordinarily be rejected. (lookformedical.com)
  • Oncolytic viruses (OVs) are tumor-selective, multi-mechanistic antitumor agents. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Here, we develop a syngeneic melanoma mouse model of LN metastasis to investigate how tumors spread to LNs and whether LN colonization influences metastasis to distant tissues. (stanford.edu)
  • In vitro studies showed that Tet lo exhibits higher cytotoxicity than Tet hi . (bmj.com)
  • Breast cancer patients diagnosed with HR+/HER2- tumors face a persistent risk of distant recurrence long after completion of their treatment. (oncotarget.com)
  • Upon the detection of either type of the antigen preparation, the lowest concentration of the antigen detectable in buffer with pH 5.1 has been found to be approximately equal, amounting to ~10 -14 M. This value has been found to be similar upon the use of either type of molecular probes. (preprints.org)
  • Vaccination using optimized strategies may increase response rates to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) in some tumors. (unav.edu)
  • The World Health Organization (WHO) classification of gliomas is used to define the type and grade of tumor, but the prognosis and response to treatment may vary among tumors even in the same subtype of tumor. (surgicalneurologyint.com)