Cytotoxic lymphocyte t lymphocytes cytotoxic. Medical search. Frequent questions

Using tetrameric complexes of human histocompatibility leukocyte antigen (HLA) class I to identify antigen-specific T cells ex vivo, we observed high frequencies of circulating MelanA-specific, A*0201-restricted cytotoxic T lymphocytes (A2-MelanA tetramer+ CTLs) in seven of nine HLA-A*0201-positive individuals with vitiligo. (ox.ac.uk)
Finally, we observed that the A2-MelanA tetramer+ CTLs isolated from vitiligo patients expressed high levels of the skin homing receptor, cutaneous lymphocyte-associated antigen, which was absent from the CTLs seen in the single A*0201-positive normal control. (ox.ac.uk)
The cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) typically susceptible to antigenic variation. (cdc.gov)
Although cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) are thought to be involved in the control of human immunodeficiency virus-type 1 (HIV-1) infection, it has not been possible to demonstrate a direct relation between CTL activity and plasma RNA viral load. (ox.ac.uk)
F ) Activation of immune response leads to differentiating CD8 + T lymphocytes into CTLs, capable of destroying virus-infected cells. (news-medical.net)

Conservation of T cell receptor usage by HLA B27-restricted influenza-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes suggests a general pattern for antigen-specific major histocompatibility complex class I-restricted responses. (ox.ac.uk)
Using H-2Kd-restricted photoprobe-specific cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) clones, which permit assessment of T cell receptor (TCR)-ligand interactions by TCR photoaffinity labeling, we observed that the efficiency of antigen recognition by CTL was critically dependent on the half-life of TCR-ligand complexes. (ox.ac.uk)
Most cytotoxic T cells express T-cell receptors (TCRs) that can recognize a specific antigen. (wikipedia.org)
Occupancy of CTLA\4 (cytotoxic T\lymphocyte antigen\4 or CD152) negatively regulates the activation of mouse T lymphocytes, seeing that indicated with the destiny of CTLA\4\deficient mice, with the influence of anti\CTLA\4 monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) on mouse T\cell activation and by the influence of CTLA\4 blockade within the course of experimental tumoral, autoimmune, alloimmune or infectious disease with this animal. (technuc.com)
Intro CTLA\4 (cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen\4 or Compact disc152), uncovered in a cDNA collection produced from turned on T cells originally, shows important framework and series homology with Compact disc28. (technuc.com)
Number 5 Blocking anti\cytotoxic T\lymphocyte antigen\4 (CTLA\4) monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) increase cytokine production inside a polyclonal CD80\dependent T\cell activation assay. (technuc.com)
Desk 2 Anti\cytotoxic T\lymphocyte antigen\4 (CTLA\4) monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) augment alloimmune response of individual T cells in secondary combined lymphocyte response (MLR) Anti\CTLA\4 mAbs were also added to main MLR of peripheral blood T lymphocytes against allogeneic monocyte\derived dendritic cells, acquired by tradition of purified peripheral blood monocytes with GM\CSF and IL\4 for 7 days. (technuc.com)
Number 6 Blocking the cytotoxic T\lymphocyte antigen\4 (CTLA\4)CCD80/CD86 connection enhances T\cell proliferation and cytotoxic reactions. (technuc.com)

Scholars@Duke publication: Induction in vitro of primary cytotoxic T-lymphocyte responses with DNA encoding herpes simplex virus proteins. (duke.edu)
Synergy among thymocytes and peripheral lymph node cells in the in vitro generation of lymphocytes cytotoxic to alloantigens. (ox.ac.uk)
Estos linfocitos citotóxicos pueden generarse in vitro en cultivos mixtos de linfocitos (MLC, siglas en inglés), in vivo durante una reacción de injerto contra huésped (GVH, siglas en inglés), o después de la inmunización con un aloinjerto, célula tumoral o célula diana modificada químicamente o transformada por virus. (bvsalud.org)
These cytotoxic lymphocytes may be generated in vitro in mixed lymphocyte cultures (MLC), in vivo during a graft-versus-host (GVH) reaction, or after immunization with an allograft, tumor cell or virally transformed or chemically modified target cell. (bvsalud.org)

Most influenza A virus-specific memory cytotoxic T lymphocytes react with antigenic epitopes associated with internal virus determinants. (rupress.org)

beta-chain variable-region usage was also conserved, with V beta 7 being used by five clones despite contributing less than 2% of peripheral blood lymphocyte V beta sequences of one individual studied. (ox.ac.uk)

This paper shows that most murine (C57BL/6) influenza A virus-specific memory cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) clones tested in limiting dilution did not react with the influenza A virus surface glycoproteins, hemagglutinin (HA) and neuraminidase (NA). (rupress.org)
Eight HLA B27-restricted influenza A virus nucleoprotein 383-391-specific cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) clones were obtained from three unrelated donors following natural infection. (ox.ac.uk)

Quantifiable cytotoxic T lymphocyte responses and HLA-related risk of progression to AIDS. (ox.ac.uk)
Population frequency of HLA types (or supertypes) and their capacity to elicit cytotoxic T lymphocyte responses are also negatively correlated. (ox.ac.uk)
Based on this analysis, the authors misleadingly conclude that MIS-C and KD may share a similar etiology, and both diseases are associated with the downregulation of cytotoxic and exhausted CD8 + T cells responses. (mit.edu)

T cell immunity is at the center of the disease contributing to the inflammatory process through the loss of tolerance to gluten and the differentiation of HLA-DQ2 or HLA-DQ8-restricted anti-gluten inflammatory CD4 + T cells secreting pro-inflammatory cytokines and to the killing of intestinal epithelial cells by cytotoxic intraepithelial CD8 + lymphocytes. (frontiersin.org)
CD8+ T cells are recognized as TC cells once they become activated and are generally classified as having a pre-defined cytotoxic role within the immune system. (wikipedia.org)
Activation of Cytotoxic Lymphocytes Through CD6 Enhances Killing of Cancer Cells. (bvsalud.org)
CD6, expressed by T-lymphocytes and human NK cells , engages in cell - cell interactions by binding to its ligands CD166 ( ALCAM ) and CD318 (CDCP1). (bvsalud.org)
Analysis of tumor -infiltrating immune cells showed that augmentation of lymphocyte cytotoxicity by UMCD6 is due to effects of this antibody on NK, NKT and CD8+ T cells . (bvsalud.org)
Compared with HCs, the "Skyblue module", which contains genes related to cytotoxic and exhausted CD8 + T cells, was critically downregulated in both MIS-C and KD patients. (mit.edu)
The two main types of lymphocytes are T cells and B cells , which function in the adaptive immune system . (newworldencyclopedia.org)
Other lymphocyte-like cells are commonly known as natural killer cells, or NK cells, and are part of the innate immune system . (newworldencyclopedia.org)
The NK cells are sometimes labeled "large granular lymphocytes," while the T cells and B cells are labeled as "small lymphocytes. (newworldencyclopedia.org)
While offering protection against millions of possible invaders, including viruses , bacteria , are cancer cells, lymphocytes allow normal body cells and helpful, symbiotic bacteria to flourish at the same time. (newworldencyclopedia.org)
A stained lymphocyte surrounded by red blood cells viewed using a light microscope. (newworldencyclopedia.org)
The two main categories of lymphocytes are the B lymphocytes ( B cells ) and T lymphocytes ( T cell ), both of which are involved in the adaptive immune system (Alberts 1989). (newworldencyclopedia.org)
In response to pathogens, some T cells, called "helper T cells," produce cytokines that direct the immune response while other T cells, called "cytotoxic T cells," produce toxic granules that induce the death of pathogen infected cells. (newworldencyclopedia.org)
In addition, lymphocyte-like cells called natural killer (NK) cells are involved in the immune system, albeit part of the innate immune system . (newworldencyclopedia.org)
Activated NK cells release cytotoxic (cell-killing) granules, which then destroy the altered cells (Janeway et al. (newworldencyclopedia.org)
G ) CD4 + T lymphocytes cells differentiate into Th1, which activates phagocytosis through NK cells and macrophages, promoting pathogen killing. (news-medical.net)
Immunized T-lymphocytes which can directly destroy appropriate target cells. (bvsalud.org)

Thus, the CD6-CD318 axis can regulate the activation state of cytotoxic lymphocytes and their positioning within the tumor microenvironment . (bvsalud.org)
Finally, and importantly, blockade of the connection of CTLA\4 with its ligands using Toceranib soluble anti\CTLA\4 mAbs, in undamaged form or as Fab fragments, Toceranib enhanced T\cell activation in several polyclonal or alloantigen\specific CD80\ or CD80/CD86\dependent assays, as measured by cytokine production, cellular proliferation or cytotoxic reactions. (technuc.com)
Intragraft activation of genes encoding cytotoxic T lymphocyte effector molecules precedes the histological evidence of rejection in human cardiac transplantation. (oregonstate.edu)

Here we demonstrate that disrupting the CD6-CD318 axis with UMCD6, an anti-CD6 monoclonal antibody , prolongs survival of mice in xenograft models of human breast and prostate cancer , treated with infusions of human lymphocytes . (bvsalud.org)

Broadly cross-reactive HIV-specific cytotoxic T-lymphocytes in highly-exposed persistently seronegative donors. (ox.ac.uk)
Vaccines which successfully protect against virus infections usually need to induce a broadly reactive immune response which includes the induction of cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL). (duke.edu)

Tumor -infiltrating cytotoxic lymphocytes were found in higher proportions and were activated in UMCD6-treated mice compared to controls. (bvsalud.org)

CONCLUSIONS: The assessment of intragraft levels of cytotoxic T lymphocyte effector molecule mRNA represents a valuable tool in the monitoring of cardiac allograft rejection, especially considering the predictive value for warning of impending acute rejection. (oregonstate.edu)

However, late viral escape from a narrowly directed immunodominant Gag-specific CD8(+) T-lymphocyte (CTL) response has been linked to AIDS progression in these individuals. (ox.ac.uk)

Together, these findings suggest dysregulated cytotoxic lymphocyte response to SARS-Cov-2 infection in MIS-C. (mit.edu)
Escape from the dominant HLA-B27-restricted cytotoxic T-lymphocyte response in Gag is associated with a dramatic reduction in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 replication. (ox.ac.uk)

A cytotoxic T cell (also known as TC, cytotoxic T lymphocyte, CTL, T-killer cell, cytolytic T cell, CD8+ T-cell or killer T cell) is a T lymphocyte (a type of white blood cell) that kills cancer cells, cells that are infected by intracellular pathogens (such as viruses or bacteria), or cells that are damaged in other ways. (wikipedia.org)
A lymphocyte is a type of white blood cell (leukocyte) in the vertebrate immune system . (newworldencyclopedia.org)

The role of cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) escape in rapidly progressive infant human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection is undefined. (ox.ac.uk)
Lymphocytes play an important and integral role in the body's defenses, and are part of a system of extraordinary complexity and coordination. (newworldencyclopedia.org)

Unique acquisition of cytotoxic T-lymphocyte escape mutants in infant human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection. (ox.ac.uk)

Özgür M, Gül Yılmaz Ş, Uçar A, Yılmaz S. Cytotoxic Effects of Bisphenol A as an Endocrine Disruptor on Human Lymphocytes. (ac.ir)

Lymphocyte culture: The lymphocytes were taken from two male and female subjects, aged 24 and 25 years, respectively, who were healthy, non-alcoholic, drug-free and without a history of diseases and signed a written informed consent. (ac.ir)

HIV-specific cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTL) are believed to play a key part in the control of virus levels throughout HIV infection. (ox.ac.uk)

4 According to the number of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes, tumors can be divided into three phenotypes: immune-inflamed, immune-excluded, and immune-desert types. (nature.com)

CeD is characterized by an infiltration of intraepithelial lymphocytes in the proximal part of the small intestine, crypt hyperplasia and the development of villous atrophy in the latest stages of the disease. (frontiersin.org)

Cytotoxicity was inhibited by monoclonal antibodies directed against CD3, CD8, CD2, and lymphocyte function-associated antigen-1 on the T cell, and against MHC class I proteins on the target cell. (mssm.edu)

Late escape from an immunodominant cytotoxic T-lymphocyte response associated with progression to AIDS. (nature.com)
Herein, we demonstrate the dual specificity of cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) clones for the immunodominant Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) epitope FLRGRAYGL, presented on HLA-B8, and the alloantigen HLA-B*4402. (rupress.org)
Consistent cytotoxic-T-lymphocyte targeting of immunodominant regions in human immunodeficiency virus across multiple ethnicities. (ox.ac.uk)

Recent advances in the understanding of human leukocyte antigen class I-binding peptides motifs have led to the detection and the characterization of those autoreactive CD8 + cytotoxic T lymphocytes involved in organ-specific autoimmune diseases. (medscape.com)
Antigen processing influences HIV-specific cytotoxic T lymphocyte immunodominance. (ox.ac.uk)
Previously, a single epitope from liver-stage-specific antigen 1 (LSA-1) has been shown to be recognized by HLA-B53-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL), but HLA-B53 epitopes were not found in four other antigens. (ox.ac.uk)
Conservation of T cell receptor usage by HLA B27-restricted influenza-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes suggests a general pattern for antigen-specific major histocompatibility complex class I-restricted responses. (ox.ac.uk)
Nivolumab, a fully human anti-PD-1 antibody, and ipilimumab, a fully human anti-cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen 4 (CTLA-4) antibody, are immune checkpoint inhibitors with distinct but complementary mechanisms of action [ 12 ]. (springer.com)

The murine CD8(+) cytotoxic-T-lymphocyte (CTL) repertoire appears to be quite limited in response to influenza A viruses. (nih.gov)

Viral peptides are recognized by cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) as a complex with major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I molecules, but the extent to which a single HLA allele can accommodate epitope peptides of different length and sequence is not well characterized. (ox.ac.uk)

Because the T-lymphocyte dependency of such a model is controversial, we further assessed the role of T-lymphocytes by determining the occurrence and magnitude of hyperglycemia as well as the pancreatic insulin contents in both STZ-injected nude C57BL/6J male mice and STZ-injected euthymic C57BL/6J male mice selectively depleted in helper and/or cytotoxic T-lymphocytes with monoclonal antibodies (MoAbs). (diabetesjournals.org)

13. Epstein-Barr virus-specific cytotoxic T lymphocyte responses in the blood and tumor site of Hodgkin's disease patients: implications for a T-cell-based therapy. (nih.gov)

Similarly, STZ-injected C57BL/6J male nude mice developed hyperglycemia that was associated with a marked decrease in pancreatic insulin contents on a time course comparable with that of STZ-injected euthymic C57BL/6J male mice depleted in helper or in helper and cytotoxic T-lymphocytes by MoAbs. (diabetesjournals.org)

Eight HLA B27-restricted influenza A virus nucleoprotein 383-391-specific cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) clones were obtained from three unrelated donors following natural infection. (ox.ac.uk)

New findings in the pathophysiology of cytotoxic T lymphocytes in autoimmunity and especially a better comprehension of their activation may give a new impetus for the development of targeted immunologic therapies in various autoimmune disorders. (medscape.com)
The SH2D1A gene provides instructions for making a protein called signaling lymphocyte activation molecule (SLAM) associated protein (SAP). (medlineplus.gov)
He maintains a research laboratory that studies various mechanisms of lymphocyte activation that relate to immune tolerance and adoptive immunotherapy for cancer and chronic infection. (nih.gov)
Activation of microglia and infiltration by cytotoxic T lymphocytes was most pronounced in the brainstem and cerebellum. (medpagetoday.com)

14. Reconstitution of the latent T-lymphocyte response to Epstein-Barr virus is coincident with long-term recovery from posttransplant lymphoma after adoptive immunotherapy. (nih.gov)

This is a coupled ordinary differential equation model of tumour-immune dynamics, accounting for biological and clinical factors which regulate the interaction rates of cytotoxic T lymphocytes on the surface of the tumour mass. (ebi.ac.uk)

Thus, selective helper T-lymphocyte depletion, either genetic or induced by MoAb treatment, although able to temporarily protect mice from the development of hyperglycemia, did not prevent the ultimate loss of the β-cell mass initiated by the direct toxic effect of STZ. (diabetesjournals.org)

A cytotoxic T cell (also known as TC, cytotoxic T lymphocyte, CTL, T-killer cell, cytolytic T cell, CD8+ T-cell or killer T cell) is a T lymphocyte (a type of white blood cell) that kills cancer cells, cells that are infected by intracellular pathogens (such as viruses or bacteria), or cells that are damaged in other ways. (wikipedia.org)

Cytotoxic T lymphocytes have been implicated as the effector cell mediating graft rejection following human allogeneic bone marrow transplantation. (mssm.edu)

Human immunodeficiency virus genetic variation that can escape cytotoxic T cell recognition. (nature.com)

An alloresponse in humans is dominated by cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) cross-reactive with a single Epstein-Barr virus CTL epitope: implications for graft-versus-host disease. (rupress.org)

The possibility of the recognition by cytotoxic T lymphocytes of tissue autoantigens has been largely ignored in explaining organ-specific autoimmune diseases. (medscape.com)

Significant progress has been made in the characterization of autoantigens targeted by cytotoxic T lymphocytes in several class I-restricted autoimmune diseases, including Behçet's disease and ankylosing spondylitis, and their implication in systemic autoimmune disease such as systemic lupus erythematosus. (medscape.com)

The purpose of this review is to discuss recent studies that shed light on the implication of cytotoxic T lymphocytes in several autoimmune disorders as well as the mechanisms underlying their stimulation. (medscape.com)
Mechanisms responsible for resistance of tumors to death receptor-mediated damage by cytotoxic lymphocytes are not well understood. (johnshopkins.edu)

Positive selection of HIV-1 cytotoxic T lymphocyte escape variants during primary infection. (nature.com)

The guidelines describe single-platform technology (SPT), a process in which absolute counts of lymphocyte subsets are measured from a single tube by a single instrument. (cdc.gov)
Single-platform technology (SPT) is designed to enable determinations of both absolute and percentage lymphocyte subset values using a single tube. (cdc.gov)

Functionally inert HIV-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes do not play a major role in chronically infected adults and children. (ox.ac.uk)

The model accounts for biological and clinical factors which regulate the interaction rates of cytotoxic T lymphocytes on the surface of the tumour mass. (ebi.ac.uk)

Induction of Cytotoxic T Lymphocytes by Immunization with Dengue Virus potential risk that the immunogen may be the Animal Facility of Kinki University School pathogenic. (who.int)

Transfer of HIV-1-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes to an AIDS patient leads to selection for mutant HIV variants and subsequent disease progression. (nature.com)

The findings reveal that the tumour volume must surpass a threshold size that depends on lymphocyte parameters for the cancer to be completely eliminated. (ebi.ac.uk)

may develop when defective lymphocytes are not properly destroyed by apoptosis. (medlineplus.gov)

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