• Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)- specific CD8-positive cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTL) play a key role in controlling HIV infection. (nih.gov)
  • 6. The HER2/neu-derived peptide p654-662 is a tumor-associated antigen in human pancreatic cancer recognized by cytotoxic T lymphocytes. (nih.gov)
  • 7. Characterization of HLA-A3-restricted cytotoxic T lymphocytes reactive against the widely expressed tumor antigen telomerase. (nih.gov)
  • Granzyme B is abundantly stored in the granules of cytotoxic T lymphocytes and NK cells. (biolegend.com)
  • Natural killer (NK) cells are a form of cytotoxic lymphocytes which constitute a major portion of the innate immune system. (nih.gov)
  • The CD4 antigen, with a molecular weight of 55 kDa, is present on Thelper/ inducer lymphocytes and monocytes. (bdbiosciences.com)
  • Leu-23: an early activation antigen on human lymphocytes. (bdbiosciences.com)
  • In contrast to T-lymphocytes, these cells lack antigen-specific receptors. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Incorporation of a single chain variable fragment (scFv) of a tumor antigen specific antibody and signaling domains of T cell receptor (TCR) renders chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) the specificity of antibody as well as the cytotoxicity of cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) [ 1 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Study in mice models shows that perforin from antigen-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes is required for Nlrp3 inflammasome activation in antigen-presenting cells. (cusabio.com)
  • Introduction Human NK cells represent a subpopulation of peripheral blood lymphocytes which express the CD56 antigen but no T-cell receptor antigens (CD3 unfavorable). (nonamimaho.com)
  • When primary lymphocytes are developing and differentiating in the thymus or bone marrow , T cells die by apoptosis if they express high affinity for self-antigens presented by an MHC molecule or express too low an affinity for self MHC. (wikipedia.org)
  • POLE-ultra-mutated and MSI-H ECs showed an active TME expressing high number of neo-antigens and an elevated amount of tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs). (oncotarget.com)
  • Cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen-4 (CTLA-4), a molecule expressed predominantly on activated T cells, plays an important role in the down-regulation of T-cell activation. (researchgate.net)
  • We then examined the functional relevance of the polymorphisms using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs), in vitro lymphocyte proliferation assay, and cytotoxic assay. (researchgate.net)
  • Saponins also induce strong cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) responses and potentiate the response to mucosal antigens. (medscape.com)
  • 4. Identification of a potential human telomerase reverse transcriptase-derived, HLA-A1-restricted cytotoxic T-lymphocyte epitope. (nih.gov)
  • 5. Immune responses against tumour-associated antigen-derived cytotoxic T lymphocyte epitopes in cholangiocarcinoma patients. (nih.gov)
  • 11. Identification of novel MAGE-A6- and MAGE-A12-derived HLA-A24-restricted cytotoxic T lymphocyte epitopes using an in silico peptide-docking assay. (nih.gov)
  • 13. Pancreatic cancer counterattack: MUC4 mediates Fas-independent apoptosis of antigen-specific cytotoxic T lymphocyte. (nih.gov)
  • 16. An HLA-A24-restricted cytotoxic T lymphocyte epitope of a tumor-associated protein, survivin. (nih.gov)
  • Human leukocyte antigen (HLA) alleles have been linked to HIV disease progression and attributed to differences in cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) epitope representation. (cdc.gov)
  • The CD69 antibody, clone L78, is derived from hybridization of Sp2/0-Ag14 mouse myeloma cells with lymph node cells from BALB/c mice immunized with a CD8 + alloantigen-directed cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) cell line. (bdbiosciences.com)
  • T lymphocyte function is also defective in motheaten mice, as assayed by the proliferative responses to T cell mitogens, and by the capacity to develop cytotoxic killer cells against allogeneic cells. (wustl.edu)
  • The appearance of interferon (IFN)\, tumour necrosis aspect (TNF) and forkhead container proteins 3 (FoxP3) was considerably higher in the contaminated group, as the appearance of cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen 4 (CTLA\4) and changing growth aspect (TGF)\ was low in the band of infected. (m2cobalt.com)
  • The fatigued T cells express quality features, including suffered up\legislation and co\appearance of multiple inhibitory receptors [designed cell loss of life 1 (PD\1), cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen 4 (CTLA\4), lymphocyte activation gene 3 (LAG3) and T cell immunoglobulin and mucin\domain filled with\3 (TIM3)] and failing to create antigen\independent storage T cells 20. (m2cobalt.com)
  • Upon subcutaneous administration, eltrapuldencel-T may stimulate the immune system to exert a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) immune response against the patient's repertoire of melanoma-associated antigens, particularly tumor stem cell antigens, found in the irradiated autologous cancer cells. (nih.gov)
  • On-target off-tumor toxicity impedes the clinical application of chimeric antigen receptor-modified T cells (CAR-T cells) in the treatment of solid tumors. (researchsquare.com)
  • The combinatorial antigen recognition strategy can improve the therapeutic safety of CAR-T cells by targeting two different tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) using a CAR and a chimeric costimulatory receptor (CCR). (researchsquare.com)
  • Using EL4 cell-derived transfectants with differential expression levels of exogenous human CC chemokine receptor 4 or human CD20 as target cells, ADCC of fucose variants of chimeric IgG1 antibodies specific for these antigens were measured. (aacrjournals.org)
  • Recent years have witnessed much progress in both basic research and clinical trials regarding cancer immunotherapy with chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-engineered T cells. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Adoptive immunotherapy (AIT) using chimeric antigen receptor-engineered T cells is a promising approach in cancer treatment. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Chimeric Antigen Receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy represents a major advancement in personalized cancer treatment. (advabio.com)
  • Here we present a novel adoptive immunotherapy strategy that utilizes chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) engineered T cells reprogrammed to target L1-CAM. (bmj.com)
  • The test can be performed using both fresh and cryopreserved peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC), whereas GAG protein as antigen works only on fresh PBMC. (nih.gov)
  • Many human cells can present antigens via MR1 with varying efficiency. (wikipedia.org)
  • The MR1 expression on cancer cells is basal and appeared to be independent of bacterial load and MR1-ligand binding. (wikipedia.org)
  • Smallpox Vaccination antigens are added to blood cells, allowing the simultane- ous analysis of both major histocompatibility complex class I and II restricted T-cell responses (7). (cdc.gov)
  • Our findings confirmed that PD-L1 can be used as a universal target antigen for designing CCR, improving the efficacy of CAR-T cells in the treatment of PD-L1-positive solid tumors but reducing toxicity within PD-L1-negative normal tissues expressing low levels of TAA in vivo . (researchsquare.com)
  • C19orf48 encodes a minor histocompatibility antigen recognized by CD8+ cytotoxic T cells from renal cell carcinoma patients. (fhcrc.org)
  • Cellular and molecular characterization of antigens recognized by tumor-reactive T cells isolated from responding patients could potentially provide insight into the mechanisms of tumor regression. (fhcrc.org)
  • RESULTS: An alternative open reading frame in the C19orf48 gene located on chromosome 19q13 encodes the HLA-A*0201-restricted minor H antigen recognized by the RCC-reactive T cells. (fhcrc.org)
  • In fact, agents which block co-stimulatory signals (anti-CD40L, CTLA4-Ig) or cytokines (anti-TNF-alpha, TNFR:Fc, IL-1Ra), interrupt or alter binding of antigen to MHC (antigen peptides, MHC peptides, peptide oligomers), or modulate the appearance and activity of regulatory cells (various cytokines and anti- cytokines) are now being evaluated for treatment of multiple autoimmune diseases. (nih.gov)
  • As CD8 T cells have been identified both phenotypically and functionally into distinct subsets beyond that of the classical cytotoxic CD8 T cells (CTL), it follows that novel CD8 T cell subsets may yet still emerge. (frontiersin.org)
  • After antigen recognition, activated CD8 T cells that receive specific TCR interactions, cytokine signaling, and dendritic cell signals upregulate transcription factors that program terminal differentiation outcomes including CD8 T cytotoxic (Tc) 1, Tc2. (frontiersin.org)
  • This review characterizes a novel subset of CXCR5+ CD8 T cells capable of infiltrating the B cell follicle in settings of chronic antigen exposure and inflammation. (frontiersin.org)
  • CXCR5+ CD8 T cells maintain an independent phenotype from their CXCR5- CD8 T cell counterparts. (frontiersin.org)
  • CXCR5+ CD8 T cells develop under several conditions of chronic antigen and inflammation. (frontiersin.org)
  • In this report, we investigated the relationship between enhanced ADCC and antigen density on target cells using IgG1 antibodies with reduced fucose. (aacrjournals.org)
  • We further investigated IgG1 binding to natural killer (NK) cells and NK cell activation during ADCC induction to elucidate the mechanism by which low-fucose IgG1 induces ADCC upon target cells with low antigen expression. (aacrjournals.org)
  • The quantitative analysis revealed that fucose depletion could reduce the antigen amount on target cells required for constant degrees of ADCC induction by 10-fold for CC chemokine receptor 4 and 3-fold for CD20. (aacrjournals.org)
  • IgG1 binding to NK cells was increased by ligating IgG1 with clustered antigen, especially for low-fucose IgG1. (aacrjournals.org)
  • Our data showed that fucose removal from IgG1 could reduce the antigen amount required for ADCC induction via efficient recruitment and activation of NK cells. (aacrjournals.org)
  • Is the Subject Area "Cytotoxic T cells" applicable to this article? (plos.org)
  • Analysis of the hepatic tissue revealed an immune infiltrate quantitatively dominated by activated cytotoxic CD8 T cells with panlobular distribution. (alecomm.com)
  • Notably, hepatitis severity correlated longitudinally with an activated cytotoxic phenotype of peripheral SARS-CoV-2-specific, but not EBV-specific CD8+ T cells or vaccine-induced immunoglobulins. (alecomm.com)
  • Comprehensive immunologic assessment of the inflammatory infiltrates in the liver revealed the presence of a highly activated cytotoxic CD8 T cell infiltrate including a SARS-CoV-2-specific CD8 T cell population that correlated with the peripheral activation of SARS-CoV-2-specific CD8 T cells, indicating that post-COVID19 vaccination hepatitis involves vaccination-elicited antigen-specific immune responses with distinct histological features compared to bona fide autoimmune hepatitis. (alecomm.com)
  • NK cells have tumor cytotoxic properties independent of tumor specific antigens and have been shown in murine models to control and prevent tumor growth and dissemination. (nih.gov)
  • Malik et al have identified cytotoxic CD8+ T cells as an antibody-independent mechanism of platelet destruction in chronic ITP. (medscape.com)
  • Those B cells that are present show an impaired proliferative response to B cell mitogens and no plaque-forming cell response to thymus-independent antigens. (wustl.edu)
  • Motheaten mice possess spleen cells capable of suppressing normal B cell responses to thymus-independent antigens. (wustl.edu)
  • Proteins (complement) Cells (phagocytosis, cytotoxic killing). (twenty20legal.com)
  • Natural killer (NK) cells are the main cytotoxic effector cells of the innate immune system, contributing to host anti-microbial and anti-tumour immune responses. (biomedcentral.com)
  • CAR endows T cells antigen specific recognition, activation and proliferation in an MHC independent manner. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Natural Killer (NK) cells are cytotoxic immune cells with an innate capacity for eliminating transformed cells in a non-major histocompatibility complex (MHC) and non-tumor antigen-restricted manner. (advabio.com)
  • NK cells can offer several advantages over T cells for CAR therapy in that the former uses both a CAR-dependent and independent mechanism for tumor eradication, has better safety, and has off-the-shelf feasibility. (advabio.com)
  • In this strategy, a patient′;s own T cells are genetically engineered to express a synthetic receptor that binds a tumor antigen. (advabio.com)
  • Furthermore, Treg cells can suppress unrelated immune system responses within a non\antigen\particular manner with a mechanism referred to as bystander suppression 21. (m2cobalt.com)
  • We achieved HLA-independent L1-CAM targeting by engineering T cells to express a CAR, designated as CE7R, comprised of an scFv derived from the L1-CAM-specific monoclonal antibody CE7 linked to the CD28 co-stimulatory and CD3-zeta endodomains. (bmj.com)
  • Cancer immunotherapy harnesses a patient's CD4+ and CD8+ T cell responses toward peptide neoantigens, which are displayed on the surface of tumor cells by major histocompatibility complex molecules [MHC, termed human leukocyte antigen (HLA) in humans] ( 1 ). (frontiersin.org)
  • The resulting peptide/MHC complexes (p/MHC) are further trafficked through the Golgi and eventually displayed on the cell surface, where they are surveilled by CD8+ cytotoxic T cells (CTLs) through specific interactions with αβ T cell receptors (TCRs) ( 3 ). (frontiersin.org)
  • Through this process, a large and heterogeneous pool of p/MHC antigens is continuously generated in healthy, pathogen infected, or tumor cells as a means of displaying a cell's peptide repertoire to the immune system ( 4 ). (frontiersin.org)
  • Cytotoxic CD8+ T cells target citrullinated antigens in rheumatoid arthritis. (stanford.edu)
  • Promotes cytolysis and apoptosis of target cells by facilitating the uptake of cytotoxic granzymes. (cusabio.com)
  • These studies indicate that CD8+ T cells against a single antigen can restrict Y. pseudotuberculosis colonization in a perforin-dependent manner, but ultimately are insufficient in their ability to provide sterilizing immunity and protect against death. (cusabio.com)
  • It is caused by many types of particles and substances from the external environment or from within the body that are recognized by the immune cells as antigens. (cloudfront.net)
  • type IV , a cytotoxic, cell-mediated, delayed hypersensitivity reaction involving T cells . (cloudfront.net)
  • Free antigens cross link the IgE on mast cells and basophils which causes a release of vasoactive biomolecules. (cloudfront.net)
  • CTL's and T helper cells (specifically T h 1 and T h 17 cells) [14] are activated by an antigen presenting cell. (cloudfront.net)
  • When the antigen is presented again in the future, the memory Th1 cells will activate macrophages and cause an inflammatory response. (cloudfront.net)
  • They mediate both MHC-independent and antibody-dependent killing of tumors and virally infected cells. (nonamimaho.com)
  • Once the potent NK and GBM cell receptor-ligand interactions are determined, NK cells will be combined with humanised antibodies against tumour antigens such as NG2/CSPG4,EGFR, or combined with proteasome inhibitors to potentiate tumour killing. (uib.no)
  • Tim-3 was first identified as a molecule expressed in interferon (IFN)-γ-producing cluster of differentiation (CD)4 + T helper 1 (Th1) and CD8 + T cytotoxic 1 (Tc1) cells ( 4 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
  • During T cell development, T cells go through a selection process in the thymus to ensure that the T cell receptor ( TCR ) will not recognize MHC molecule presenting self-antigens, i.e that its affinity is not too high. (wikipedia.org)
  • Enforcing the restriction that T cells are activated by peptide antigens only when the antigens are bound to self-MHC molecules, MHC restriction adds another dimension to the specificity of T cell receptors so that an antigen is recognized only as peptide-MHC complexes. (wikipedia.org)
  • The TCRs of T cells recognize linear peptide antigens only if coupled with a MHC molecule. (wikipedia.org)
  • Ultimately, the T-cells differentiate and mature to become either T helper cells or T cytotoxic cells. (wikipedia.org)
  • Expression of T-cell differentiation antigens on effector cells in cell-mediated cytotoxicity in vitro. (rupress.org)
  • The exhibition of thymus-derived (T) cell antigens on these killer cells was studied by incubating them with the relevant T-cell antisera and complement (C), under optimal conditions for lysis, before performance of the CMC assay. (rupress.org)
  • Alpha-beta T cells are unique in expressing antigen receptors that do not recognize 3-dimensional conformational antigenic shapes but instead recognize linear antigenic peptides bound to molecules of the Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC). (nih.gov)
  • This unique feature of T cell antigen recognition is known as MHC-restriction and imparts to T cells the ability to provide immune surveillance and to eliminate cells containing mutated proteins or viruses. (nih.gov)
  • Positive selection in the thymus is signaled by T cell receptors and converts immature non-functional thymocytes into antigen-reactive mature T cells. (nih.gov)
  • Based on the MHC-specificity of their T cell receptor, signaled thymocytes are directed to differentiate into either functionally distinct CD4/helper or CD8/cytotoxic mature T cells. (nih.gov)
  • Having previously discovered kinetic signaling as the basis for lineage fate determination in the thymus, we are now interested in determining how extrinsic signals transduced by the T cell receptor, CD4/CD8 coreceptor proteins, and cytokine receptors induce thymocytes to express different lineage-specifying transcription factors that direct differentiation into functionally helper or cytotoxic lineage T cells. (nih.gov)
  • While positive selection is the step in the thymus that generates antigen-reactive mature T cells, negative selection is the step that eliminates T cells bearing T cell receptors with autoreactive potential from the functional T cell pool. (nih.gov)
  • He is recognized for many innovative discoveries that elucidate how the thymus generates functional T cells reactive against foreign antigens while still being self-tolerant. (nih.gov)
  • They can eradicate neoplastic cells by a targeted release of cytotoxic granules containing perforin and granzymes and/or death receptor-mediated killing [ 1 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • The first demonstration of antigen-specific recall responses by NK cells was in the setting of hapten-induced contact hypersensitivity, where CXCR6 + liver-derived murine NK cells could mediate antigen-specific contact hypersensitivity independently from B and T cells [ 13 , 14 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • Murine CMV (MCMV) infection induces immunological memory independent of T and B cells [ 15 , 16 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • Protection in these models is mediated by Ly49H + NK cells, which upon recognition of m157 viral antigen (Ly49H ligand) proliferate and persist in lymphoid and nonlymphoid organs. (hindawi.com)
  • therapeutic_agents C1909 therapeutic_agents C C177537 GDC Value Terminology C120183 Eltrapuldencel-T A therapeutic melanoma vaccine consisting of autologous dendritic cells (DCs) pulsed with antigens from lethally irradiated autologous tumor cells derived from a patient-specific, continuously proliferating and melanoma-initiating cell line and suspended in a solution containing the cytokine granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF), with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. (nih.gov)
  • TEMRAs form aggregates with autologous platelets, release interferon gamma, and trigger platelet activation and apoptosis via the T-cell receptor-mediated release of cytotoxic granules. (medscape.com)
  • There is rationale for including this component in cancer vaccine formulations as QS-21 has been shown to stimulate antibody as well as CD4 + Th1 and CTL responses to subunit antigens. (medscape.com)
  • 2. Comparative analysis of various tumor-associated antigen-specific t-cell responses in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. (nih.gov)
  • 8. Cytotoxic T cell responses to human telomerase reverse transcriptase in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. (nih.gov)
  • 12. Immunogenic HLA-B*0702-restricted epitopes derived from human telomerase reverse transcriptase that elicit antitumor cytotoxic T-cell responses. (nih.gov)
  • Moreover, overnight incubation with 10 µg/mL of the secretion antigen-specific T-cell responses could be detected in inhibitor Brefeldin-A (Sigma-Aldrich Corporation, St. exposed, but uninfected persons, as shown in those with Louis, MO). (cdc.gov)
  • CONCLUSIONS: Donor T-cell responses against the HLA-A*0201-restricted minor H antigen encoded by C19orf48 may contribute to RCC regression after MHC-matched allogeneic HCT. (fhcrc.org)
  • Their functional role largely depends on the immune setting, yet they maintain a cytotoxic capacity that aids in the control of viral infection, tumor growth inhibition, or the promotion of inflammation and autoimmune responses. (frontiersin.org)
  • The identification of recurrent human leukocyte antigen (HLA) neoepitopes driving T cell responses against tumors poses a significant bottleneck in the development of approaches for precision cancer therapeutics. (frontiersin.org)
  • In 1963, Philip George Houthem Gell and Robin Coombs introduced a systematic classification of the different types of hypersensitivity based on the types of antigens and immune responses involved. (cloudfront.net)
  • The antigenic peptide can be processed for CTL recognition via both TAP-dependent and TAP-independent pathways. (fhcrc.org)
  • The principles of recognition and the mechanisms of the immunological response are similar to those induced by foreign (bacterial, viral) or own antigens (autoantigens). (hindawi.com)
  • MHC-restricted antigen recognition , or MHC restriction , refers to the fact that a T cell can interact with a self- major histocompatibility complex molecule and a foreign peptide bound to it, but will only respond to the antigen when it is bound to a particular MHC molecule. (wikipedia.org)
  • This initiates a sequence of cellular events culminating in the release of cytotoxic, granzyme-containing granules [1]. (nonamimaho.com)
  • Since the MR1 molecule is involved in presentation of cancer specific antigens and plays a role in tumor immunosurveillance, it has potential use in immunotherapy. (wikipedia.org)
  • Granzyme B is able to induce target cell apoptosis by activating caspase independent pathways. (biolegend.com)
  • The peptide pool was used as an antigen in an intracellular cytokine staining (ICS) assay for quantifying HIV-specific CTL response. (nih.gov)
  • The interaction between TCRs and peptide-MHC complex is significant in maintaining the immune system against foreign antigens. (wikipedia.org)
  • The use of previously developed COS-1 cell lines secreting noninfectious recombinant viral antigen is limited due to diminished antigen secretion over time. (cdc.gov)
  • Likewise, low expression of inhibitory human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class I molecules is an important prerequisite for successful natural killer cell triggering. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The CD69 antibody recognizes a very early human activation antigen. (bdbiosciences.com)
  • Here, we sequenced the plasmablast antibody repertoire of a RA patient and functionally characterized the encoded ACPAs.We expressed ACPAs from the antibody repertoire of a RA patient and characterized their autoantigen specificities on antigen arrays and ELISAs. (stanford.edu)
  • Antibody (IgM or IgG) binds to antigen on a target cell, which is actually a host cell that is perceived by the immune system as foreign, leading to cellular destruction via the MAC . (cloudfront.net)
  • Antibody (IgG) binds to soluble antigen, forming a circulating immune complex . (cloudfront.net)
  • Type II hypersensitivity reaction refers to an antibody-mediated immune reaction in which antibodies (IgG or IgM) are directed against cellular or extracellular matrix antigens with the resultant cellular destruction, functional loss, or damage to tissues. (cloudfront.net)
  • Consequently, we are now interested in exploring the specificity and function of MHC-independent T cell receptors for both conceptual reasons and for use as potential therapeutic reagents in cancer treatment. (nih.gov)
  • We designed an HLA-class I/HIV-1 clade independent assay for assessing HIV- specific CTL by using a computer-assisted selection ofthe CTL epitopes. (nih.gov)
  • 2 years orthopoxviruses is considered, this rapid assay that uses vaccinia antigens could identify recently exposures. (cdc.gov)
  • The antigens are proteins with a molecular weight ranging from 10 to 40 kDa. (cloudfront.net)
  • We previously discovered that sequestration of the Lck protein tyrosine kinase by CD4 and CD8 coreceptor proteins in developing thymocytes limits thymic selection to MHC-restricted T cell receptors while coreceptor-independent Lck allows thymic selection of MHC-independent T cell receptors. (nih.gov)
  • Bernard A, Boumsell L, Hill C. Joint report of the first international workshop on human leucocyte differentiation antigens by the investigators of the participating laboratories. (bdbiosciences.com)
  • disease_type A C177537 GDC Value Terminology C40206 Human Papillomavirus-Independent Cervical Adenocarcinoma, Gastric-Type Cervical adenocarcinoma characterized by the presence of gastric differentiation. (nih.gov)
  • [ 96 ] Saponins induce a strong adjuvant effect to T-dependent as well as T-independent antigens. (medscape.com)
  • Low-fucose IgG1s showed potent ADCC at low antigen densities at which their corresponding high-fucose counterparts could not induce measurable ADCC. (aacrjournals.org)
  • This isoform binds antigen via α1 and α2 interaction. (wikipedia.org)
  • Antigen secretion was stable for at least 10 cell passages, as measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays and immunofluorescence assays. (cdc.gov)
  • Antigen secretion in the HEK-293 cell lines was higher than in previously developed COS-1 cell line counterparts. (cdc.gov)
  • This is reflected by the limited antineoplastic activity of the immune system (immunosuppressive effect), induction of tolerance to neoplastic antigens, and the promotion of processes associated with the proliferation of neoplastic tissue. (hindawi.com)
  • COVID19 vaccination can elicit a distinct T cell-dominant immune-mediated hepatitis with a unique pathomechanism associated with vaccination induced antigen-specific tissue-resident immunity requiring systemic immunosuppression. (alecomm.com)
  • Furthermore, such activation of NLRP3 inflammasome contributes to the induction of antigen-specific antitumour immunity and pathogenesis of graft-versus-host diseases. (cusabio.com)
  • In a previous study, it was demonstrated that Tim-3 reduces the antigen-specific T-cell response and downregulates antitumor immunity in vivo by inhibiting the Th1 response ( 6 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
  • This interaction and binding of the antigen stabilize the MHC I molecule. (wikipedia.org)
  • MR1 stimulation is needed for MAIT development in thymus, the mechanism of antigen presentation in thymus is not clear. (wikipedia.org)
  • C3 cleavage may result in formation of the membrane attack complex (MAC), the cytotoxic component of the complement system. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Hypersensitivity (also called hypersensitivity reaction or intolerance ) is an abnormal physiological condition in which there is an undesirable and adverse immune response to antigen. (cloudfront.net)
  • Type I hypersensitivity occurs as a result of exposure to an antigen. (cloudfront.net)
  • 9. Identification of a novel tumor-associated antigen, cadherin 3/P-cadherin, as a possible target for immunotherapy of pancreatic, gastric, and colorectal cancers. (nih.gov)
  • [8] MHC restriction is particularly important for self-tolerance, which makes sure that the immune system does not target self-antigens. (wikipedia.org)
  • We performed qRT-PCR and FACS on human VLC to assess the expression of the CD52 antigen, the target of the immunotherapeutic Alemtuzumab. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Antigen production was more stable and statistically higher in these newly developed cell lines than in their COS-1 cell line counterparts. (cdc.gov)
  • After antigen binding MR1 undergoes conformational change, associate with β2 microglobulin and is directed to the cell membrane. (wikipedia.org)
  • Thirty-five cell lines (90%) had stable antigen expression over 10 passages, with three of these cell lines (7%) increasing in antigen expression and one cell line (3%) decreasing in antigen expression. (cdc.gov)
  • Tim‑3 expression and CD8+ T cell density were revealed to be independent prognostic factors for patients with gastric cancer. (spandidos-publications.com)