Retinaldehyde dehydrogenaseALDH2MitochondrialProteinsBelongs to the aldehydeProteinEnzymeAlcoholReductaseLiverEnzymesALDH1A2IsozymeOxidationReductasesALDH9A1ELISAMemberAutophagyHumanLevelsDistributionCellsALDHAlcohol and aldehyde dehydrogenasesIsozymesIsoformAcetaldehydeRetinal dehydrogenaseToxic aldehydesIsocitrate dehydrogenaseLipidInhibitionSynthasePathway of alcohol metabolismNADPHFamilyColonReactionSubstrateMoleculesRoleMass
Retinaldehyde dehydrogenase4
- Aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 family, member A1, also known as ALDH1A1 or retinaldehyde dehydrogenase 1 (RALDH1), is an enzyme that is encoded by the ALDH1A1 gene. (wikipedia.org)
- In the embryo , RA production by RALDH2 (ALDH1A2), the main retinaldehyde dehydrogenase expressed at that stage, is inhibited by ethanol exposure. (xenbase.org)
- Citral, a component in nearly all essential oils that smell lemony/citrusy, shuts down the aldehyde dehydrogenase (retinaldehyde dehydrogenase) part of your alcohols & aldehydes detox pathways. (nutritionrestored.com)
- Citral inhibits/slows one of the most important detox enzymes in your body, that being aldehyde dehydrogenase (aka retinaldehyde dehydrogenase). (nutritionrestored.com)
ALDH22
- Mechanisms for mitochondrial dysfunction and apoptosis in alcoholic and nonalcoholic fatty liver and tissue injury - Dr. Song and his lab members have studied regulations and roles of the two enzymes involved in metabolism of alcohol and acetaldehyde: ethanol-inducible cytochrome P450 2E1 (CYP2E1) and mitochondrial aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH2). (nih.gov)
- Aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2) rescues myocardial ischaemia/reperfusion injury: role of autophagy paradox and toxic aldehyde. (wanfangdata.com.cn)
Mitochondrial7
- this gene encodes the main cytosolic isoform, which has a lower affinity for aldehydes than the mitochondrial enzyme. (wikipedia.org)
- Most Caucasians have two major isozymes, while approximately 50% of East Asians have only the cytosolic isozyme, missing the mitochondrial isozyme. (wikipedia.org)
- Most Caucasians have two major isozymes, while approximately 50% of Orientals have only the cytosolic isozyme, missing the mitochondrial isozyme. (thermofisher.com)
- The molecular mechanism by which cytosolic acetaldehyde enters the mitochondrial matrix is not known (Lemasters 2007). (reactome.org)
- There are two major aldehyde dehydrogenase isozymes in the liver, cytosolic and mitochondrial, which are encoded by distinct genes, and can be distinguished by their electrophoretic mobility, kinetic properties, and subcellular localization. (nsjbio.com)
- This member is the mitochondrial form of 10-formyltetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase (FDH), which converts 10-formyltetrahydrofolate to tetrahydrofolate and CO2 in an NADP(+)-dependent reaction, and plays an essential role in the distribution of one-carbon groups between the cytosolic and mitochondrial compartments of the cell. (utsouthwestern.edu)
- The results so far indicated that many cytosolic and mitochondrial proteins are oxidized, nitrated, and/or phosphorylated at early time points following exposure to alcohol, APAP, or CCl 4 . (nih.gov)
Proteins6
- This protein belongs to the aldehyde dehydrogenases family of proteins. (wikipedia.org)
- We offer Aldehyde Dehydrogenase 1-A1/ALDH1A1 Peptides and Aldehyde Dehydrogenase 1-A1/ALDH1A1 Proteins for use in common research applications: Blocking/Neutralizing, Control, ELISA, Protein Array, SDS-Page, Western Blot. (novusbio.com)
- Our Aldehyde Dehydrogenase 1-A1/ALDH1A1 Peptides and Aldehyde Dehydrogenase 1-A1/ALDH1A1 Proteins can be used in a variety of model species: Human. (novusbio.com)
- Choose from our Aldehyde Dehydrogenase 1-A1/ALDH1A1 Peptides and Proteins. (novusbio.com)
- Microautophagy of cytosolic proteins by late endosomes. (wanfangdata.com.cn)
- Chaperone-mediated autophagy (CMA) is definitely a selective kind of autophagy where particular cytosolic proteins are delivered to lysosomes for degradation. (bioinf.org)
Belongs to the aldehyde1
- The protein encoded by this gene belongs to the aldehyde dehydrogenase family. (nsjbio.com)
Protein3
- Each Aldehyde Dehydrogenase 1-A1/ALDH1A1 Peptide and Aldehyde Dehydrogenase 1-A1/ALDH1A1 Protein is fully covered by our Guarantee+, to give you complete peace of mind and the support when you need it. (novusbio.com)
- To study the correlation between the putative cancer stem cell (CSC) markers aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 (ALDH1), cluster of differentiation 44 (CD44), sex-determining region Y-box 2 (SOX2), and octamer-binding protein 4 (OCT4) and human papilloma virus (HPV) infection using p16, the surrogate marker of HPV in oral epithelial dysplasia (OED) and normal mucosa. (rmmj.org.il)
- Breast cancer (BC)-initiating cells typically express high levels of CD44, a surface receptor for the extracellular matrix protein Hyaluronan, low levels of CD24, and exhibit high aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) activity ( 3 ). (life-science-alliance.org)
Enzyme7
- Aldehyde dehydrogenase is the second enzyme of the major oxidative pathway of alcohol metabolism. (wikipedia.org)
- The role of this pathway in vivo is unclear, though limited attempts to correlate deficiencies in the cytosolic enzyme with alcohol intolerance have yielded suggestive data (Yoshida et al. (reactome.org)
- Alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH), a cytosolic enzyme, metabolizes alcohol to acetaldehyde in hepatocytes. (medscape.com)
- Aldehyde dehydrogenase is the next enzyme after alcohol dehydrogenase in the major pathway of alcohol metabolism. (nsjbio.com)
- Description: This is Double-antibody Sandwich Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for detection of Mouse Aldehyde Dehydrogenase 9 Family, Member A1 (ALDH9A1) in serum, plasma, tissue homogenates and other biological fluids. (worldcarecouncil.org)
- Aldehyde oxidase (AO) is a metabolizing enzyme , located in the cytosolic compartment of tissues in many organisms. (wikidot.com)
- This study also aimed to assess the expression of ALDH1 (aldehyde dehydrogenase 1) enzyme activity on the isolated cells. (bvsalud.org)
Alcohol7
- The metabolic pathways involved include cytochrome P450 monooxygenases (CYP), esterases, and alcohol and aldehyde dehydrogenases. (cdc.gov)
- The MDR superfamily with ~350-residue subunits contains the classical liver alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH), quinone reductase, leukotriene B4 dehydrogenase and many more forms. (researchgate.net)
- Zinc binding to the peptide replica and analogs to residues 93-115 of horse liver alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) was examined by competition of the peptides and the chromophoric chelator 4-(2- pyridylazo)resorcinol for zinc and X-ray absorption fine structure analysis of the zinc ligands. (researchgate.net)
- Human liver alcohol dehydrogenase: purification, composition, and catalytic features. (reactome.org)
- Pharmacological inhibition of the embryonic alcohol dehydrogenase activity, prevents the oxidation of ethanol to acetaldehyde that in turn functions as a RALDH2 inhibitor. (xenbase.org)
- Ethanol-dependent retinoic acid inhibition requires middle-chain alcohol dehydrogenases. (xenbase.org)
- The enzymatic requirements for EtOH to inhibit RA biosynthesis were studied using inhibitors of the middle-chain alcohol dehydrogenases (ADH), 4-methylpyrazole (4MP), or the short-chain dehydrogenase/reductases, carbenoxolone (CBX) and chloral hydrate (CH). Late blastula stage embryos were treated with EtOH alone or in combination with 4MP (a,b), CH (c,d) or CBX (e,f). (xenbase.org)
Reductase1
- Dynamic adaptation of cytosolic thioredoxin reductase levels during metabolic changes results in improved H2 O2 handling and explains previously observed differences between cell types. (biomed.news)
Liver1
- Pesticides examined using human liver microsomes and cytosolic fractions included chlorpyrifos, carbaryl and permethrin. (cdc.gov)
Enzymes1
- Cytosolic enzymes capable of oxidizing acetaldehyde to acetate have also been identified and characterized in vitro (Inoue et al. (reactome.org)
ALDH1A21
- Aldehyde dehydrogenases 1A2 (ALDH1A2) was thought to be one of potential candidates. (ijbs.com)
Isozyme1
- This gene encodes the cytosolic isozyme. (nsjbio.com)
Oxidation3
- Specifically, DOPAL is an unstable non-conjugated aldehyde that will undergo auto-oxidation to quinone derivatives. (jneurosci.org)
- 1979) so a purely cytosolic pathway for ethanol oxidation to acetate and conversion to acetyl-CoA can be annotated. (reactome.org)
- AO catalyzes the oxidation of aldehydes into carboxylic acid, an action also performed by xanthine oxidase (XO) and aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH). (wikidot.com)
Reductases1
- Short-chain dehydrogenases/reductases (SDRs) constitute a large family of NAD(P)(H)-dependent oxidoreductases, sharing sequence motifs and displaying similar mechanisms. (researchgate.net)
ALDH9A11
- Description: A sandwich quantitative ELISA assay kit for detection of Rat Aldehyde Dehydrogenase 9 Family, Member A1 (ALDH9A1) in samples from serum, plasma, tissue homogenates or other biological fluids. (worldcarecouncil.org)
ELISA1
- Description: A sandwich ELISA kit for detection of Aldehyde Dehydrogenase 9 Family, Member A1 from Mouse in samples from blood, serum, plasma, cell culture fluid and other biological fluids. (worldcarecouncil.org)
Member1
- This gene encodes a member of both the aldehyde dehydrogenase superfamily and the formyl transferase superfamily. (utsouthwestern.edu)
Autophagy1
- Autophagy is a conserved catabolic process that eliminates dysfunctional cytosolic biomolecules through vacuole-mediated sequestration and lysosomal degradation. (hindawi.com)
Human1
- Purification and partial characterization of aldehyde dehydrogenase from human erythrocytes. (reactome.org)
Levels2
- and corresponding comments by Dr. Burke, we also agree that an increase in the cytosolic levels of the dopamine (DA) metabolite, 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetaldehyde (DOPAL), might play a role in the presynaptic toxicity of Parkinson's disease (PD). (jneurosci.org)
- Defects in handling of cytosolic DA by VMAT2 increase levels of DA-generated oxy radicals ultimately resulting in degeneration of DAergic neurons. (jneurosci.org)
Distribution1
- Liang H, Wu C, Deng Y, Zhu L, Zhang J, Gan W, Tang C, Xu R. Aldehyde Dehydrogenases 1A2 Expression and Distribution are Potentially Associated with Neuron Death in Spinal Cord of Tg(SOD1*G93A)1Gur Mice. (ijbs.com)
Cells2
- Aldehyde dehydrogenase 1A1 and gelsolin identified as novel invasion-modulating factors in conditioned medium of pancreatic cancer cells" (PDF). (wikipedia.org)
- Of these, 3,4-dihydrophenetyl butyrate -a lipophilic ester conjugate of the hydroxytyrosol moiety of oleacein- and (E)-N-allyl-2-((5-nitrofuran-2-yl)methylene)hydrazinecarbothioamide) -an inhibitor of Trypanosoma cruzi triosephosphate isomerase- were also highly effective at significantly reducing the proportion of aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH)-positive CSC-like proliferating cells. (bvsalud.org)
ALDH9
- Aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) converts aldehydes to carboxylic acids while reducing NAD+ to NADH. (proteopedia.org)
- ALDH class 1 is cytosolic. (proteopedia.org)
- ALDH family 7 member A1 is known as antiquitin and functions in the detoxification of aldehydes. (proteopedia.org)
- CH is metabolized to the hepatocarcinogen trichloroacetate (TCA) by aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) and to the noncarcinogenic metabolite trichloroethanol (TCOH) by alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH). (nih.gov)
- to chloral hydrate (CH). In turn, CH is metabolized by either of two pathways: oxidation to TCA catalyzed by aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH), or reduction to a noncarcinogenic metabolite, trichloroethanol (TCOH), mediated by alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH). (nih.gov)
- Specific activities of the phase I enzymes, ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase (EROD), microsomal and cytosolic epoxide hydrolase (mEH and cEH), aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) and DT-diaphorase, and the phase II enzymes, gamma-glutamyltransferase (gamma-GT), glutathione transferase (GST) and uridine diphosphoglucuronyl transferase (UDPGT) were measured. (nih.gov)
- Cryostat sections of tumor and surrounding liver from the same cohorts were analyzed immunohistochemically for cytochrome P450IA1 and histochemically for ALDH (benzaldehyde and hexanal), DT-diaphorase, gamma-GT and uridine diphosphoglucuronyl dehydrogenase (UDPGdH). (nih.gov)
- The main metabolic pathway for ethanol involves the enzymes alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) and aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH). (nih.gov)
- The acetaldehyde then is further oxidized by the enzyme aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) to acetate, which is either excreted in the urine or reincorporated into intermediary metabolism as acetyl-CoA. (nih.gov)
Alcohol and aldehyde dehydrogenases3
- The metabolic pathways involved include cytochrome P450 monooxygenases (CYP), esterases, and alcohol and aldehyde dehydrogenases. (cdc.gov)
- Ethanol-metabolizing activities and isozyme protein contents of alcohol and aldehyde dehydrogenases in human liver: phenotypic traits of the ADH1B*2 and ALDH2*2 variant gene alleles. (cdc.gov)
- Bhatt DK, Gaedigk A, Pearce RE, Leeder JS, Prasad B. Age-dependent Protein Abundance of Cytosolic Alcohol and Aldehyde Dehydrogenases in Human Liver. (childrensmercy.org)
Isozymes3
- Most Caucasians have two major isozymes, while approximately 50% of East Asians have only the cytosolic isozyme, missing the mitochondrial isozyme. (wikipedia.org)
- 38. Activities of cytosolic aldehyde dehydrogenase isozymes in colon cancer: determination using selective, fluorimetric assays. (nih.gov)
- There are two major aldehyde dehydrogenase isozymes in the liver, cytosolic and mitochondrial, which are encoded by distinct genes, and can be distinguished by their electrophoretic mobility, kinetic properties, and subcellular localization. (nih.gov)
Isoform2
- this gene encodes the main cytosolic isoform, which has a lower affinity for aldehydes than the mitochondrial enzyme. (wikipedia.org)
- The ALDH1A1 gene encodes a liver cytosolic isoform of acetaldehyde dehydrogenase, an enzyme involved in the major pathway of alcohol metabolism after alcohol dehydrogenase. (ptglab.com)
Acetaldehyde1
- In humans, this primary pathway of ethanol metabolism involves oxidation to acetaldehyde by the enzyme alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH). (nih.gov)
Retinal dehydrogenase3
- RALDH class 1A 1 is retinal dehydrogenase which converts retinalaldehyde to retinoic acid. (proteopedia.org)
- RALDH class 1A 2 is retinal dehydrogenase which converts retinal to retinoate. (proteopedia.org)
- RALDH class 1A 3 is retinal dehydrogenase which funcrions in detoxification of aldehydes. (proteopedia.org)
Toxic aldehydes3
- Buildup of toxic aldehydes causes cell damage and cardiac diseases. (proteopedia.org)
- Herein, we show for the first time that human ALDH7A1 protects against hyperosmotic stress by generating osmolytes and metabolizing toxic aldehydes. (ox.ac.uk)
- In conclusion, ALDH7A1 is a novel aldehyde dehydrogenase expressed in multiple subcellular compartments that protects against hyperosmotic stress by generating osmolytes and metabolizing toxic aldehydes. (ox.ac.uk)
Isocitrate dehydrogenase5
- Mitochondrial and cytosolic NADPH systems and isocitrate dehydrogenase indicator metabolites during ureogensis from ammonia in isolated rat hepatocytes. (docksci.com)
- isocitrate dehydrogenase (NADP+) (EC 1.1.1.42). (docksci.com)
- nents of the mitochondrial isocitrate dehydrogenase system may be utilized as 'indicator metabolites' for the mitochondrial NADP system, provided that the activity is high enough (see below). (docksci.com)
- Regardins the extramitochondrial (cytosolic) space, there are no major complications to utilize the isocitrate dehydrogenase system as an indicator for the redox potential of cytosolic free NADPH. (docksci.com)
- Other features support decreases in cytosolic (triose-phosphate isomerase, enolase, glycerol-3-P dehydrogenase, creatine kinase) and mitochondrial (isocitrate dehydrogenase, cytochrome-c oxidase) energy metabolisms. (uea.ac.uk)
Lipid2
- Purified recombinant ALDH7A1 efficiently metabolized a number of aldehyde substrates, including the osmolyte precursor, betaine aldehyde, lipid peroxidation-derived aldehydes, and the intermediate lysine degradation product, alpha-aminoadipic semialdehyde. (ox.ac.uk)
- Carbonyl reductase 1 (CBR1) protects cells against oxidative stress and cell death by inactivating cellular membrane-derived lipid aldehydes. (molcells.org)
Inhibition1
- They report on their research in Human Gene Therapy , in a paper entitled, "AAV Gene Therapy for Alcoholism: Inhibition of Mitochondrial Aldehyde Dehydrogenase Enzyme Expression in Hepatoma Cells. (medicilon.com)
Synthase1
- Reaction v7 lumps NAD-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.1), aldehyde dehydrogenase (NAD+) (EC 1.2.1.3) and acetyl-CoA synthase (EC 6.2.1.1). (nih.gov)
Pathway of alcohol metabolism2
- Aldehyde dehydrogenase is the second enzyme of the major oxidative pathway of alcohol metabolism. (wikipedia.org)
- Aldehyde dehydrogenase is the next enzyme after alcohol dehydrogenase in the major pathway of alcohol metabolism. (nih.gov)
NADPH1
- 2. Calculated from isocitrate/2-oxoglutarate ratios ("indicator metabolite method"), the redox potential of mitochondrial free NADPH is -402 mV, whereas that of the extramitochondrial (cytosolic) space is about 10 mV more positive, -392 mV. 3. (docksci.com)
Family1
- aldehyde dehydrogenase 4 family m. (gsea-msigdb.org)
Colon2
- 27. A study of the lactic dehydrogenase isoenzyme patterns in the adenoma--carcinoma sequence of the colon. (nih.gov)
- In the normal human colon, aldehyde dehydrogenase 1B1 (ALDH1B1) is expressed only at the crypt base, along with stem cells. (nih.gov)
Reaction2
- This reaction is catalyzed by the cytosolic enzyme alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH). (medicilon.com)
- The model uses mass conservation for cytosolic adenosine nucleotides with is however not encoded in the stoichiometry, but is implied by the lumped reaction v4. (nih.gov)
Substrate2
- ALDH3A1 is soluble and has substrate specificity to bulky aromatic aldehydes. (proteopedia.org)
- 2014). A gatekeeper helix determines the substrate specificity of Sjögren-Larsson Syndrome enzyme fatty aldehyde dehydrogenase. (proteopedia.org)
Molecules1
- Acetyl-CoA is been to the testing of the Golgi cartilage, where it consists as the centrosome of molecules that regulates co-transfection titles of aldehydes and receptors. (evakoch.com)
Role1
- The role of aldehyde dehydrogenase-1 (ALDH1A1) polymorphisms in harmful alcohol consumption in a Finnish population. (cdc.gov)
Mass1
- This AMP production is implied in the mass conservation for cytosolic adenosine phosphates. (nih.gov)