Cytoskeleton caenorhabditis elegans proteins. Medical search. Frequent questions

The cell biology of these events has been most studied in three animal models: the mouse, the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans, and the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster. (wikipedia.org)
Specifically, they are using the early embryo of the soil nematode, Caenorhabditis elegans, as a model system because of the advantages it offers for the molecular analysis of mitosis. (pewtrusts.org)
In a compost heap, the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans finds a richly laid table: at a length of just one millimeter, the worm feeds on bacteria that decompose organic material. (phys.org)
In vivo and in vitro evidence that the four essential intermediate filament (IF) proteins A1, A2, A3 and B1 of the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans form an obligate heteropolymeric IF system. (mpg.de)

Non-receptor tyrosine-protein kinase TYK2. (embl.de)
In addition, they play important roles in gene transcription (via activation of mitogen activated protein (MAP) kinase pathways and, in higher eukaryotes, the transcription factor NFκB), generation of reactive oxygen species, apoptosis, and cell-cycle progression. (biomedcentral.com)
see RTKRas/MAP kinase signaling ), LIN-12 (see LIN-12/Notch signaling in C. elegans ), and WNT (see Wnt signaling ), as well as the functions of the SynMuv and mediator proteins (see Transcriptional regulation ). (wormbook.org)
This gene encodes one of the three members of the human AKT serine-threonine protein kinase family which are often referred to as protein kinase B alpha, beta, and gamma. (senescence.info)
These highly similar AKT proteins all have an N-terminal pleckstrin homology domain, a serine/threonine-specific kinase domain and a C-terminal regulatory domain. (senescence.info)
These proteins are phosphorylated by phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K). (senescence.info)
AKT/PI3K forms a key component of many signalling pathways that involve the binding of membrane-bound ligands such as receptor tyrosine kinases, G-protein coupled receptors, and integrin-linked kinase. (senescence.info)
Among these is the master regulator known as polo-like kinase 4 (Plk-4) in humans and as ZYG-1 in C. elegans . (nih.gov)
This kinase is recruited to the mother centriole by its receptor, a coiled-coil protein known as SPD-2. (nih.gov)
Par3 and Par6 bind one another and atypical protein kinase C (aPKC). (rupress.org)
In the early embryo, a myosin II-dependent contraction of the cortical meshwork asymmetrically distributes the highly conserved PDZ proteins PAR-3 and PAR-6, as well as an atypical protein kinase C (PKC-3), to the anterior. (biologists.com)
The PAR proteins include the PDZ domain-containing PAR-3 and PAR-6, the atypical protein kinase PKC-3, the serine/threonine kinase PAR-1 and, in nematodes, the putative ubiquitin E3 ligase PAR-2. (biologists.com)
They bind to structural components (emerin, nesprin), chromatin components (histone), signal transduction molecules (protein kinase C), and several gene regulatory molecules. (medscape.com)

The untethered nuclei also disrupted the network of microtubules in the cytoskeleton, and appeared much smaller and less rounded, suggesting that the cells lacked mechanical stability. (elifesciences.org)
Cytoskeleton-associated proteins (CAPs) are involved in the organisation of microtubules and transportation of vesicles and organelles along the cytoskeletal network. (embl.de)
In its GTP-bound form, Cdc42 binds several effectors that help direct polarized cell growth: repolarizing actin and microtubules, directing polarized exocytosis via this reoriented cytoskeleton and by direct contact with exocytic machinery, and recruiting proteins such as septins that form a boundary restricting the region of cell growth. (rupress.org)
array of microtubules and associated proteins that forms between the opposite poles of a eukaryotic cell during mitosis and serves to move the duplicated chromosomes apart. (wormclassroom.org)

Current models suggest that positioning of the nucleus relies on a complex called LINC (short for Linker of Nucleoskeleton and Cytoskeleton), which is made up of proteins that contain either a SUN or KASH domain. (elifesciences.org)
The linker of the nucleoskeleton and cytoskeleton (LINC) complex is formed by the conserved interactions between Sad-1 and UNC-84 (SUN) and Klarsicht, ANC-1, SYNE homology (KASH) domain proteins, providing a physical coupling between the nucleoskeleton and cytoskeleton that mediates the transfer of physical forces across the nuclear envelope. (ucdavis.edu)
In 5 of 6 gene mutations that have been shown to cause EDMD, the affected protein is present in the LINC (linker of nucleoskeleton and cytoskeleton) complex. (medscape.com)
This complex includes nuclear membrane integral and associated proteins including emerin, lamin A/C, SUN1, SUN2, nesprin-1, and nesprin-2 that are proposed to form a mechanical link between the nucleoskeleton and cytoskeleton. (medscape.com)

Age-related gene expression profiles of the short-lived model animals Caenorhabditis elegans and Drosophila melanogaster share a common adult-onset expression program of genes involved in mitochondrial metabolism, DNA repair, catabolism, peptidolysis and cellular transport 3 . (nature.com)
One example is the conserved Drosophila tumor-suppressor protein Lethal giant larvae (Lgl). (biologists.com)

Miranda is an anchoring protein that binds to Prospero and keeps it in the basal cortex. (wikipedia.org)
Filopodin, a slime mold protein that binds actin and which is involved in the control of cell motility and chemotaxis. (embl.de)
ERM proteins are made of three domains, the FERM domain, a central helical domain and a C-terminal tail domain, which binds F-actin. (embl.de)
For example, in Caenorhabditis elegans , SUN protein UNC-84 binds to two KASH proteins UNC-83 and ANC-1 to mediate nuclear migration and anchorage, respectively. (ucdavis.edu)
Here, the SUN domain can interact with the C- terminal tail of an outer nuclear envelope protein that binds to the cytoskeleton, including the centrosome [1,2,3]. (expasy.org)
Emerin is a ubiquitous inner nuclear membraneprotein, presentin nearly all cell types, although its highest expression is in skeletal and cardiacmuscle.Emerin binds to many nuclear proteins, including several gene-regulatory proteins (eg, barrier-to-autointegration factor, germ cell-less, Btf), nesprins (proteins that act as molecular scaffolds), F-actin, and lamins. (medscape.com)
Lastly, mutations in the transmembrane protein 43 (TMEM43), also termed LUMA, which binds to emerin and SUN2, has also been reported to cause an EDMD phenotype in a few families. (medscape.com)

The SUN proteins (SAD1, UNC-84) sit across the inner nuclear membrane and connect to structures in the nucleus, such as chromatin and the nuclear lamina, and the KASH proteins (Klarsicht, ANC-1, Syne Homology) span across the outer nuclear membrane and interact with proteins in the cytoskeleton. (elifesciences.org)
At the heart of this network are LINC ( li nker of n ucleoskeleton and c ytoskeleton) complexes made of SUN ( S ad1 and UN C-84) proteins at the inner nuclear membrane and KASH ( K larsicht, A NC-1, and S yne h omology) proteins in the outer nuclear membrane. (ucdavis.edu)
We show that a direct association of their highly conserved C-terminal luminal domain with the inner nuclear membrane protein Sun1 mediates their nuclear envelope localisation. (lonza.com)
SUN} {BEGIN} ********************** * SUN domain profile * ********************** Sad1/UNC-84 (SUN)-domain proteins are inner nuclear membrane (INM) proteins that are part of bridging complexes linking cytoskeletal elements with the nucleoskeleton. (expasy.org)

Caenorhabditis elegans protein phosphatase ptp-1. (embl.de)
In particular, one factor we have recently discovered is protein phosphatase 1 (PP1). (nih.gov)

In C. elegans, a series of asymmetric cell divisions in the early embryo are critical in setting up the anterior/posterior, dorsal/ventral, and left/right axes of the body plan. (wikipedia.org)
Anterior and posterior regions of a C. elegans embryo are determined by PAR protein distribution. (cellimagelibrary.org)
The one-cell C. elegans embryo serves as a model for studying the establishment and maintenance of polarity. (biologists.com)

The crystal structure of Caenorhabditis elegans F53F4.3 protein Q20728 CAP-Gly domain was recently solved ( PUBMED:12221106 ). (embl.de)
The crystal structure of the Caenorhabditis elegans F53F4.3 protein CAP-Gly domain has been solved. (embl.de)
The crystal structure ofthe CAP-Gly domain of Caenorhabditis elegans F53F4.3 protein, solved bysingle wavelength sulfur-anomalous phasing, revealed a novel protein foldcontaining three beta-sheets. (embl.de)

Each of these events depends on the dynamics of the cell's cytoskeleton, which is typically composed of an actin network and other regulatory proteins. (uconn.edu)
Reduced hsf-1 expression destabilizes the Caenorhabditis elegans enteric actin network, subsequently disrupting Rab GTPase-mediated trafficking and cell-surface residency of nutrient transporters. (elsevierpure.com)

Cell growth, division, and motility are highly dependent upon an organized and dynamic microtubule cytoskeleton. (nih.gov)

In this study, we combined in vivo C. elegans genetics and in silico molecular dynamics simulations to understand the relation between the length and amino acid composition of the luminal KASH domain, and the function of the SUN-KASH complex. (ucdavis.edu)
Like all other GTPases, Rho proteins act as molecular switches, with an active GTP-bound form and an inactive GDP-bound form. (embl-heidelberg.de)
This gene is highly expressed in fetal brain and encodes a protein of relative molecular mass 91K, named oligophrenin-1, which contains a domain typical of a Rho-GTPase-activating protein (rhoGAP). (embl-heidelberg.de)
Cell motility is driven primarily by the dynamics of the cell cytoskeleton, a system of filamentous proteins and molecular motors. (aps.org)

SCOPe: Structural Classification of Proteins - extended. (berkeley.edu)
Kindlin-1 is a human homolog of the Caenorhabditis elegans protein UNC-112, a membrane-associated structural/signaling protein that had been implicated in linking the actin cytoskeleton to the extracellular matrix (ECM). (medscape.com)
Our findings propose a conserved nuclear anchorage mechanism between Caenorhabditis elegans and mammals and suggest a model in which Sun1 serves as a ;structural bridge' connecting the nuclear interior with the actin cytoskeleton. (lonza.com)
Structural proteins are attached to microfilaments in the cytoskeleton which ensures stability of the cell. (phys.org)
in eukaryotes, the structural unit of the genetic material consisting of a single, linear double-stranded DNA molecule and associated proteins wrapped into a high order structure. (wormclassroom.org)

They are combining RNAi-based functional genomics with single-cell high-resolution microscopy assays and biochemical characterization of native protein complexes to study two aspects of cell division: (1) Centrosome duplication and the regulation of centrosome size, and (2) Cleavage furrow assembly and membrane dynamics during cytokinesis. (pewtrusts.org)
Current data also supports the existence of tight links between cytokinesis, regulation of the actin cytoskeleton, and the development and metastasis of cancer. (pewtrusts.org)
By regulating filamentous actin, Cdc42 and Rac exert a profound effect on cell shape, polarity, migration, cell:cell and cell:matrix adhesion, protein traffic, and cytokinesis. (biomedcentral.com)

Reorganization of the actin cytoskeleton plays crucial roles in many cellular functions, including morphology, motility, and adhesion. (biomedcentral.com)
Surprisingly, amoeboid sperm cells of nematodes not only provide a unique perspective for studying cell motility, but also offer a simple experimental model in which the role of actin is replaced by a 14-KDa nematode specific major sperm protein (MSP). (uconn.edu)
The focus of this project is to get a better understanding of cytoskeleton dynamics and cell motility in nematode spermatozoa. (uconn.edu)
Members of the Rho family of small G proteins transduce signals from plasma-membrane receptors and control cell adhesion, motility and shape by actin cytoskeleton formation. (embl-heidelberg.de)

The amino-acid sequence of the FERM domain is highly conserved among ERM proteins and is responsible for membrane association by direct binding to the cytoplasmic domain or tail of integral membrane proteins. (embl.de)
Cdc42 and Rac - ancient, highly conserved, small GTPases - mediate extracellular signals, triggering changes in transcription and in the actin cytoskeleton. (biomedcentral.com)

These effectors regulate the cytoskeleton, leading to a variety of cellular outputs including pronuclear migration, nuclear migration through constricted spaces, nuclear anchorage, centrosome attachment to nuclei, meiotic chromosome movements, and DNA damage repair. (ucdavis.edu)
EDMD1 is caused by mutations in the EMD gene on the X chromosome that codes for the nuclear envelope protein emerin. (medscape.com)

KASH proteins in the outer nuclear membrane comprise the cytoplasmic half of LINC complexes that connect nuclei to the cytoskeleton. (ucdavis.edu)
The focus is on recent studies elucidating the best-understood network of LINC complexes, those used throughout C. elegans development. (ucdavis.edu)
The LINC complex can perform distinct cellular functions by pairing various KASH domain proteins with the same SUN domain protein. (ucdavis.edu)

these include the LIM domain protein LIN-11 , the Pax2/5/8 protein EGL-38 , the zinc finger protein LIN-29 , and the Nkx6.1/6.2 protein COG-1. (wormbook.org)
In symmetric epithelial cell divisions, spindle orientation also depends on Pins, which is recruited to the lateral cortex by the lateral domain protein, Discs large (Dlg). (elifesciences.org)

Scientists have found that extracellular calcium mediates the activation of a membrane protein that waves the flag signaling cell death. (phys.org)
Wightman, B., Ha, I. & Ruvkun, G. Posttranscriptional regulation of the heterochronic gene lin-14 by lin-4 mediates temporal pattern formation in C. elegans . (nature.com)

Loss of kindlin-1, a human homolog of the Caenorhabditis elegans actin-extracellular-matrix linker protein UNC-112, causes Kindler syndrome. (medscape.com)
We have found that the C. elegans homolog of Lgl, LGL-1, has a role in polarity but is not essential. (biologists.com)

Hypothetical protein CBG02751 [Caeno. (nig.ac.jp)
Hypothetical protein CBG02924 [Caeno. (nig.ac.jp)
hypothetical protein [Schizosacchar. (nig.ac.jp)
hypothetical protein HZV_52 [Heliot. (nig.ac.jp)
hypothetical protein [Neurospora cr. (nig.ac.jp)
hypothetical protein CaO19.7451 [Cand. (nig.ac.jp)

The establishment of this polarity initiates the polarized distribution of a group of proteins present in the zygote called the PARD proteins (partitioning defective), which are a conserved group of proteins that function in establishing cell polarity during development. (wikipedia.org)
183:1129-1143) provide new insights into how Cdc42 and Par proteins work together to modulate cell adhesion and polarity during embryonic morphogenesis by regulating the traffic of key cell junction proteins. (rupress.org)
Par proteins, like Cdc42, play conserved roles in cell polarity in many contexts, from early embryos to epithelial apical-basal polarity ( Goldstein and Macara, 2007 ). (rupress.org)
In addition to the PAR proteins, other proteins are required for polarity in many metazoans. (biologists.com)
In metazoans, cell polarity is mediated in part by a conserved set of regulatory proteins, known collectively as the PAR (partitioning-defective) proteins. (biologists.com)
We found that disrupting forces through chemical inhibitors, depletion of an adherens junction protein, or blocking mesoderm invagination disrupted Pins planar polarity and spindle orientation. (elifesciences.org)

The alignment of the spindle is mediated by the PARD proteins, which regulate the positioning of the centrosomes along the A/P axis as well as the movement of the mitotic spindle along the A/P axis. (wikipedia.org)
These AKT proteins therefore regulate a wide variety of cellular functions including cell proliferation, survival, metabolism, and angiogenesis in both normal and malignant cells. (senescence.info)
Cdc42 interacts with proteins that regulate endocytosis and exocytosis and mediate traffic between ER and Golgi. (rupress.org)

Originaly identified based on an ~150-amino acid region of homology between the C terminus of the Schizosaccharomyces pombe Sad1 protein and the Caenorhabditis elegans UNC-84 protein, SUN proteins are present in the proteomes of most eucaryotes. (expasy.org)

The single nuclear lamin of Caenorhabditis elegans forms in vitro stable intermediate filaments and paracrystals with a reduced axial periodicity. (mpg.de)

Recurrent mutations in kindlin-1, a novel keratinocyte focal contact protein, in the autosomal recessive skin fragility and photosensitivity disorder, Kindler syndrome. (medscape.com)
This model of how nuclear positioning works is primarily based on experiments in Caenorhabditis elegans worms with mutations in the genes for either the UNC-84 or ANC-1 protein ( Starr and Fridolfsson, 2010 ). (elifesciences.org)
New mutations have been found in the synaptic nuclear envelope protein 1 ( SYNE1 ) gene and in the synaptic nuclear envelope protein 2 ( SYNE2 ) gene in a few families, also termed Nesprin-1 and Nesprin-2, respectively. (medscape.com)
Whatever the true mechanism, the discovery of mutations in several different nuclear membrane proteins that cause similar diseases will likely eventually lead to a better understanding of nuclear membrane physiology and the pathophysiology of diseases caused by mutations in these proteins. (medscape.com)

Aside from binding to membranes, the activated FERM domain of ERM proteins can also bind the guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor of Rho GTPase (RhoDGI), which suggests that in addition to functioning as a cross-linker, ERM proteins may influence Rho signalling pathways. (embl.de)
Cells sense stress and initiate response pathways to maintain lipid and protein homeostasis. (elsevierpure.com)

FERM domains are found in a number of cytoskeletal-associated proteins that associate with various proteins at the interface between the plasma membrane and the cytoskeleton. (embl.de)
Talin, a cytoskeletal protein concentrated in regions of cell-substratum contact and, in lymphocytes, of cell-cell contacts. (embl.de)

This gene encodes a 677-amino acid protein, kindlin-1, which is thought to play a regulatory role in inhibiting oversecretion of basement membrane components by basal keratinocytes at the dermoepidermal junction. (medscape.com)
Oligophrenin-1 encodes a rhoGAP protein involved in X-linked mental retardation. (embl-heidelberg.de)
Lee, R. C., Feinbaum, R. L. & Ambros, V. The C. elegans heterochronic gene lin-4 encodes small RNAs with antisense complementarity to lin-14 . (nature.com)

These proteins are initially distributed uniformly throughout the zygote and then become polarized with the creation of the posterior pole. (wikipedia.org)

Membrane receptor proteins serve as connection between the cell's internal and external environments. (phys.org)

The hypodermis of C. elegans worms (top schematic) is made up of hyp-7 cells which contain over a hundred nuclei (represented as black dots). (elifesciences.org)
Role of ANC-1 in tethering nuclei to the actin cytoskeleton. (colorado.edu)

In addition to the SUN domain, these proteins contain a transmembrane sequence and at least one coiled-coil domain and localize to the inner nuclear envelope. (expasy.org)
SUN proteins are anchored in the inner nuclear envelope by their transmembrane segment and oriented in the membrane such that the C-terminal SUN domain is located in the space between the inner and outer nuclear membrane. (expasy.org)

Some proteins known to contain a SUN domain are listed below: - Fission yeast spindle pole body-associated protein Sad1. (expasy.org)
Yeast uncharacterized protein SLP1. (expasy.org)
Fission yeast spindle pole body-associated protein Sad1. (expasy.org)

To test this hypothesis, we measured how external pH affects speed, shape, area, and MSP retrograde flow in C.elegans sperm cells. (uconn.edu)
Mammalian sperm-associated antigen 4 protein (SPAG4), may assist the organization and assembly of outer dense fibers (ODFs), a specific structure of the sperm tail. (expasy.org)
Mammalian sperm-associated antigen 4-like protein (SPAG4L). (expasy.org)

Ezrin, moesin, and radixin are highly related proteins (ERM protein family), but the other proteins in which the FERM domain is found do not share any region of similarity outside of this domain. (embl.de)

Caenorhabditis nuclear migration and anchoring protein UNC-84. (expasy.org)

GTPase activator proteins towards Rho/Rac/Cdc42-like small GTPases. (embl-heidelberg.de)
The active conformation is promoted by guanine-nucleotide exchange factors, and the inactive state by GTPase-activating proteins (GAPs) which stimulate the intrinsic GTPase activity of small G proteins. (embl-heidelberg.de)
By enhancing their GTPase activity, GAP proteins inactivate small Rho and Ras proteins, so inactivation of rhoGAP proteins might cause constitutive activation of their GTPase targets. (embl-heidelberg.de)
In particular, we propose that Arg 85 and Asn 194 are involved in binding G proteins and enhancing GTPase activity. (embl-heidelberg.de)
Cdc42 activation is limited temporally and spatially by several GTPase-activating proteins. (rupress.org)

Two proteins play an important role in setting up this cell fate asymmetry in the neuroblast, Prospero and Numb. (wikipedia.org)
The Oegema lab is focused on understanding the role of the cytoskeleton in the morphogenetic transformations required for cell division. (pewtrusts.org)
AKT proteins are recruited to the cell membrane by phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate (PIP3) after phosphorylation of phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PIP2) by PI3K. (senescence.info)
MSP not only forms the cell's cytoskeleton but is also directly involved in cell locomotion. (uconn.edu)
Our results indicate that crawling speed for C.elegans spermatozoa is optimized at a slightly basic pH of 7.5 and that this effect is driven by changes in the rate of polymerization at the leading edge of the cell. (uconn.edu)
A membrane protein is a protein molecule that is attached to, or associated with the membrane of a cell or an organelle. (phys.org)
Cell recognition proteins allow cells to identify each other and interact. (phys.org)
At the leading edge of a crawling cell, the actin cytoskeleton extends itself via a branched, crosslinked network of filaments, otherwise known as the lamellipodium. (aps.org)

In wild-type worms (left), the KASH protein ANC-1 (depicted as spikes) localizes to the membrane of the nucleus and endoplasmic reticulum (ER). (elifesciences.org)
Caenorhabditis elegans ANC-1, an ortholog of Nesprin-1/2, contains actin-binding and KASH domains at opposite ends of a long spectrin-like region. (ucdavis.edu)
In addition to distinct cytoplasmic domains, the luminal KASH domain also varies among KASH domain proteins of distinct functions. (ucdavis.edu)
In agreement with our models, our in vivo results show that swapping the KASH domains of ANC-1 and UNC-83, or shortening the KASH domain of ANC-1, both result in a nuclear anchorage defect in C. elegans . (ucdavis.edu)

More than half of all proteins interact with membranes. (phys.org)
Biological membranes consist of a phospholipid bilayer and a variety of proteins that accomplish vital biological functions. (phys.org)

putative protein (2M199) [Caenorhab. (nig.ac.jp)
putative cytoskeleton assembly cont. (nig.ac.jp)

The multifunctional regulator nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor (Nrf2) is considered not only as a cytoprotective factor regulating the expression of genes coding for anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory and detoxifying proteins, but it is also a powerful modulator of species longevity. (springer.com)
The major characteristics of Nrf2 are to some extent mimicked by Nrf2-dependent genes and their proteins including heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), which besides removing toxic heme, produces biliverdin, iron ions and carbon monoxide. (springer.com)

Listed below are up to the top 10 sequence alignment matches, by species, for the PSI-BLAST search against the protein sequence for HOS4 . (yeastrc.org)

Our results define how the stable MT cytoskeleton of a mature neuron is converted into the dynamically growing MT cytoskeleton of a regrowing axon. (nih.gov)

For cytoskeleton-membrane cross-linking, the dormant molecules becomes activated and the FERM domain attaches to the membrane by binding specific membrane proteins, while the last 34 residues of the tail bind actin filaments. (embl.de)
In mammalian cells, as many as twenty types of protein have been reported to bind to activated Cdc42 [ 2 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Emerin is a 34-kd protein that belongs to a family of nuclear proteins that bind a variety DNA regulatory molecules and to molecules thought to be important in maintaining nuclear membrane structure. (medscape.com)

these proteins are also important in regulating gene transcription. (biomedcentral.com)
Subsequent phosphorylation of both threonine residue 308 and serine residue 473 is required for full activation of the AKT1 protein encoded by this gene. (senescence.info)

Although dozens of proteins act downstream of these GTPases, a comparison of effector proteins from evolutionarily diverse organisms suggests that six groups of proteins serve as the core machinery for signaling from Cdc42 and Rac. (biomedcentral.com)
The analysis of Cdc42 and Rac function in evolutionarily distant organisms is useful as a tool to uncover the basic activities of these proteins. (biomedcentral.com)
This motif is found in Cdc42/Rac-associated proteins such as the protein kinases Pak, MRCK and Ack, the adaptor proteins Spec and WASP, and, in degenerate form, in the kinases MLK, Mekk4, adaptor Par6, scaffold protein IRSp53, and the Borg proteins. (biomedcentral.com)
Cdc42 is a well-known regulator of the actin cytoskeleton, but also plays important roles in vesicular trafficking. (rupress.org)

It is one of the three major classes of filaments in the cytoskeleton. (wormclassroom.org)

Keap1 is a cysteine-rich protein, known to be anchored to actin cytoskeleton [ 5 ], serving as an adaptor protein for the Cul3-dependent E3 ubiquitin ligase complex. (springer.com)

Membrane proteins play a pivotal role in various cellular functions and are key targets for pharmaceutical interventions. (phys.org)
Oxidative stress generated during such stressful conditions may damage DNA and proteins, and as a consequence the cellular processes are disturbed. (springer.com)

AKT proteins also participate in the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signalling pathway which controls the assembly of the eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4F (eIF4E) complex and this pathway, in addition to responding to extracellular signals from growth factors and cytokines, is disregulated in many cancers. (senescence.info)
However, not all eukaryotic cells use an actin cytoskeleton to move. (uconn.edu)

Anatomy13

Organisms6

Diseases1

Chemicals and Drugs22

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment6

Psychiatry and Psychology1

Phenomena and Processes33

Information Science4

Nematode Caenorhabditis elegans4

Kinase13

Microtubules4

Nucleoskeleton and Cytoskeleton4

Drosophila2

Binds7

Inner nuclear membrane4

Phosphatase2

Embryo3

F53F4.33

Actin network2

Microtubule cytoskeleton1

Molecular4

Structural5

Cytokinesis3

Motility4

Highly conserved2

Chromosome2

LINC3

Domain protein2

Mediates2

Homolog2

Hypothetical6

Polarity6

Regulate3

Homology1

Lamin1

Mutations4

Pathways2

Cytoskeletal2

Encodes3

Zygote1

Receptor1

Nuclei2

Transmembrane2

Yeast3

Sperm3

Similarity1

Nuclear migration1

GTPase5

Cell8

KASH4

Membranes2

Putative2

Genes2

Species1

Stable1

Bind3

Gene2

Cdc424

Filaments1

Adaptor1

Cellular2

Eukaryotic2