• Each subunit then has a transmembrane sequence and a short cytoplasmic tail. (novusbio.com)
  • Each of the syndecan core proteins has a short cytoplasmic domain that binds cytosolic regulatory factors. (embrapa.br)
  • Each integrin heterodimer consists of an alpha (α) and a beta (β) subunit associated by noncovalent interactions forming an extracellular ligand-binding head, two multi-domain `legs', two single-pas s transmembrane helices and two short cytoplasmic tails. (mechanobio.info)
  • In contrast, the transmembrane and cytoplasmic domains are highly conversed both as members of the syndecan family and among different species. (archive.org)
  • Syndecans are the best-characterized plasma membrane proteoglycans. (wikipedia.org)
  • Syndecans are transmembranous heparan sulfate proteoglycans (HSPGs) with covalently attached glycosaminoglycan side-chains located on the cell surface. (tokushima-u.ac.jp)
  • The syndecans comprise a family of heparan sulfate bearing transmembrane proteoglycans that arise from four distinct genes within mammals. (archive.org)
  • APOE associated to the LVP allows the initial virus attachment to cell surface receptors such as the heparan sulfate proteoglycans (HSPGs), syndecan-1 (SDC1), syndecan-1 (SDC2), the low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) and scavenger receptor class B type I (SCARB1) (PubMed:12970454, PubMed:12356718, PubMed:12913001, PubMed:28404852, PubMed:22767607). (proteopedia.org)
  • The syndecans, heparan sulfate proteoglycans, are abundant molecules associated with the cell surface and extracellular matrix and consist of a protein core to which heparan sulfate chains are covalently attached. (embrapa.br)
  • Syndecans interact with fibronectin on the cell surface, cytoskeletal and signaling proteins inside the cell to modulate the function of integrin in cell-matrix adhesion. (wikipedia.org)
  • Matrix molecules, growth factors, and enzymes) Chondroitin sulfate chain Transmembrane domain - self-association C1 domain - actin-association cytoskeleton Variable domain - syndecan-specific C2 domain - attach to PDZ proteins Syndecans normally form homodimers or multimers. (wikipedia.org)
  • Syndecans interact with the intracellular cytoskeleton through the cytoplasmic domains of their core proteins and membrane proteins, extracellular enzymes, growth factors, and matrix components, through their heparan-sulfate chains, to regulate developmental processes. (tokushima-u.ac.jp)
  • Here, as a first step to assess the possible roles of syndecan proteins in amelogenesis, we examined the expression patterns of all syndecan isoforms in continuously growing mouse incisors, in which we can overview major differentiation stages of amelogenesis at a glance. (tokushima-u.ac.jp)
  • Immunohistochemical analysis of syndecan core proteins in the lower incisors from postnatal day 1 mice revealed spatially and temporally specific expression patterns, with syndecan-1 expressed in undifferentiated epithelial and mesenchymal cells, and syndecan-2, -3, and -4 in more differentiated cells. (tokushima-u.ac.jp)
  • The syntenin protein contains tandemly repeated PDZ domains that bind the cytoplasmic, C-terminal domains of a variety of transmembrane proteins. (thermofisher.com)
  • ESCRTs are composed of approximately 20 proteins assembled into 4 complexes (e.g. (molcells.org)
  • PDZ domains can occur in one or multiple copies and are nearly always found in cytoplasmic proteins. (embl.de)
  • PDZ domain proteins are frequently associated with the plasma membrane, a compartment where high concentrations of phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PIP2) are found. (embl.de)
  • Syndecan-4 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SDC4 gene. (wikipedia.org)
  • The protein is found as a homodimer and is a member of the syndecan proteoglycan family. (wikipedia.org)
  • Syndecan-4 activates protein kinase C (PKC), an enzyme involved in signal transduction. (wikipedia.org)
  • To further define which neurons express Eph, antibodies were generated to the cytoplasmic portion of the Eph protein. (sdbonline.org)
  • Regulation at the protein level includes modulation of its cell surface expression, cathepsin L-mediated processing, cellular uptake, secretion, and cytoplasmic vs. nuclear localization. (pafr-signal.com)
  • These protein domains locate the syndecan on cell surface sites during development and tumor formation where they interact with other receptors to regulate signaling and cytoskeletal organization. (embrapa.br)
  • The protein encoded by this gene was initially identified as a molecule linking syndecan-mediated signaling to the cytoskeleton. (thermofisher.com)
  • Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapy has emerged as a novel immunotherapy which modifies T cells with CAR, an artificial fusion protein that incorporates an extracellular antigen recognition domain, a transmembrane domain, and an intracellular domain including costimulation and signaling components [ 4 , 5 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Dally, an ortholog of the mammalian glypican 3/5 subfamily, and Dally-like protein, an ortholog of the glypican 1/2/4/6 subfamily. (biomedcentral.com)
  • formin binding protein 4 [Source:HGN. (gsea-msigdb.org)
  • Syndecans have similar structural features: Attach to heparan sulfate chains - interacting factors (e.g. (wikipedia.org)
  • Syndecan-1, via its heparan sulfate chains, binds to a variety of extracellular matrix macromolecules including collagens, fibronectin, thrombospondin, and tenascin etc. (archive.org)
  • Syndecan-4 also binds to phosphatidylinositol (4,5)-bisphosphate (PIP2) through the variable domain and increases PKC activity ten-fold. (wikipedia.org)
  • Syndecan-4 binds to FGF and mediates interaction with the FGF receptor. (wikipedia.org)
  • Syndecans are normally found on the cell surface of fibroblasts and epithelial cells. (wikipedia.org)
  • Outgrowth of epithelial cells from all explants, regardless of donor age, was seen after 3-4 days on fibrin and reached confluence in 14-21 days. (arvojournals.org)
  • E-Cadherin and epithelial syndecan-1 were more highly expressed in intraluminal/luminal unicystic ameloblastoma than in mural unicystic ameloblastoma and solid/multicystic ameloblastoma, whereas the stromal expression of syndecan-1 was higher in mural unicystic ameloblastoma and solid/multicystic ameloblastoma. (cusabio.com)
  • Except for the glycosaminoglycan attachment sites, the extracellular domains of the syndecans are highly divergent. (archive.org)
  • The syndecans also contain highly conserved transmembrane domains and extracellular domains for which important activities are becoming known. (embrapa.br)
  • Understanding the expression domain of each syndecan isoform during specific developmental stages seems useful for investigating their physiological roles in amelogenesis. (tokushima-u.ac.jp)
  • These findings suggest that each syndecan isoform functions distinctly during the amelogenesis of the incisors of mice. (tokushima-u.ac.jp)
  • 1: Palaiologou M, Delladetsima I, Tiniakos D. CD138 (syndecan-1) expression in health and disease. (moleculardepot.com)
  • Syndecan-4 is also called ryudocan or amphiglycan. (wikipedia.org)
  • Syndecan 4 Antibody detects endogenous levels of total Syndecan 4. (affbiotech.cn)
  • Also, syndecans bind to FGFs and bring them to the FGF receptor on the same cell. (wikipedia.org)
  • The I domain-containing beta 1 integrins ( alpha 1 beta 1, alpha 2 beta 1, alpha 10 beta 1 and alpha 11 beta 1) all bind collagens, with alpha 2 beta 1 preferring collagens I‑III (4, 5). (novusbio.com)
  • The affinity of syndecan-1 for the matrix, its ability to bind cells to the matrix, and its pattern of expression are consistent with its proposed role as a receptor for the extracellular matrix. (archive.org)
  • The mammalian syndecan family is composed of four types of syndecans (syndecan-1 to -4). (tokushima-u.ac.jp)
  • Syndecan-4 is upregulated in osteoarthritis and inhibition of syndecan-4 reduces cartilage destruction in mouse models of OA. (wikipedia.org)
  • Syndecan-4 is a transmembrane (type I) heparan sulfate proteoglycan that functions as a receptor in intracellular signaling. (wikipedia.org)
  • GDNF family receptor alpha 4 [Source. (gsea-msigdb.org)
  • The functional repertoire of heparanase is further expanded by its regulation of syndecan clustering and shedding. (pafr-signal.com)
  • impairing of early cancer c chromophore hydrolysis VIa neurons in cytoplasmic membrane during promoter. (evakoch.com)
  • The cellular uptake, trafficking, and nuclear localization of FGF-2 could be increased by co-delivery of syndecan-4 proteoliposomes. (wikipedia.org)
  • The β subunit comprises of 4 cysteine-rich epidermal growth factor (EGF) repeats, a hybrid domain (split in sequence), an I-like domain (βI) and a plexin-sempahorin-integrin (PSI) domain. (mechanobio.info)
  • Syndecan-4 expression is upregulated in the endometrium of women suffering from endometriosis, and its downregulation in endometriotic cells results in a decrease of invasive growth, and reduced expression of the small GTPase Rac1, Activating transcription factor 2 (ATF2), and MMP3. (wikipedia.org)
  • Light and electron microscopy demonstrated monolayers of cuboid cells containing euchromatin-rich nuclei with prominent nucleoli, variable amounts of cytoplasmic filaments, apical microvilli, and small adherens junctions but no desmosomes between adjacent cells. (arvojournals.org)
  • Syndecan 1)-Expressing T Cells in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus. (moleculardepot.com)
  • It has been recognized that under physiological and pathological conditions, cells may release vesicles that may be instrumental in intercellular communication as they carry biologically active molecules ( 1 - 4 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
  • The positive correlation between soluble Syndecan-1 levels and breast cancer tumor size in the present study highlights the importance of this molecule in the breast tumor progression and their significance as tumor biomarkers. (cusabio.com)
  • Free glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) and proteoglycan- (PG-) containing GAGs, key effectors of cell surface, pericellular and extracellular microenvironments, perform multiple functions in cancer by virtue of their coded structure and their ability to interact with both ligands and receptors that regulate cancer growth [ 1 - 4 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • Growth factor signaling may be disrupted by changes in syndecan-4 expression. (wikipedia.org)
  • Belongs to the syndecan proteoglycan family. (affbiotech.cn)
  • The authors of this paper have shown the first evidence that syndecan-1 or other members of the syndecan family can mediate cell-cell adhesion. (archive.org)
  • In addition, it has been widely speculated that syndecans participate in cell-cell adhesion. (archive.org)
  • The variable domain of syndecan-4 could be a site of self-association. (wikipedia.org)
  • 2oc1 is a 4 chain structure with sequence from Hepacivirus C and Hepatitis C virus subtype 1b . (proteopedia.org)
  • The authors found that following their transfection with cDNA for syndecan-1 or syndecan-4, human B lymphoid cell line (ARH-77) forms large multicellular aggregates in suspension culture and stain intensely for the syndecans at sites of cellcell contact. (archive.org)
  • A notable genomic feature in the mouse and human genome is the presence of closely linked genes that form two glypican clusters: glypicans 3/4 on the X chromosome, and glypicans 5/6 on human chromosome 13 (mouse chromosome 14). (biomedcentral.com)
  • A lead compound (non-anticoagulant glycol-split heparin), highly effective 4-Aminobutyrate aminotransferase against myeloma tumors, was selected toward a clinical trial in cancer patients. (pafr-signal.com)
  • Because the tight correlation between syndecan-4 and growth factors, the efficiency of angiogenic therapies have been thought to relate to syndecan-4. (wikipedia.org)