Cytoplasmic nuclear localization signals. Medical search. Frequent questions

Nuclear import of FUS is dependent on Transportin, and interference with this transport pathway leads to cytoplasmic redistribution and recruitment of FUS into stress granules. (cipsm.de)
Negative regulation of the PI3K/Akt signalling pathway is facilitated by the inositol polyphosphate 3-phosphatase PTEN, or by members of the inositol polyphosphate 5-phosphatase family, which both degrade PtdIns(3,4,5)P3. (monash.edu)
2006). The PI3K/Akt signalling pathway is strongly implicated in breast cancer, and published gene array studies have suggested that PIPP mRNA expression is positively associated estrogen receptor positive breast cancers and improved prognosis (van 't Veer et al. (monash.edu)
These findings provide the initial indication of a novel cell density-dependent pathway that is responsible for the regulation of VHL cellular localization. (nih.gov)
Downregulation of Herg1 suppresses osteosarcoma proliferation and invasion by targeting Hippo signaling pathway]. (cancerindex.org)
These receptors function as ligand-dependent transcription factors [2] - [4] , acting either through the transcriptional regulation of genes (genomic pathway) or through membrane and cytoplasmic signaling cascades (non-genomic pathway). (scirp.org)
Current BC treatment options exclusively target the genomic signaling pathway. (scirp.org)
β-catenin is involved in Wnt signaling pathway that regulates cellular differentiation and proliferation. (biomedcentral.com)
ERK5 Signalling and Resistance to ERK1/2 Pathway Therapeutics: The Path Less Travelled? (babraham.ac.uk)
The RAS-regulated RAF-MEK1/2-ERK1/2 signalling pathway is frequently de-regulated in human cancer. (babraham.ac.uk)
However, recent studies have suggested that BRAFi/MEKi and ERK1/2i resistance can arise through activation of a parallel signalling pathway leading to activation of ERK5, an unusual protein kinase that contains both a kinase domain and a transcriptional transactivation domain. (babraham.ac.uk)
BRAF is a cytoplasmic protein kinase, which activates the MEK-ERK signalling pathway. (bath.ac.uk)
In glutathione S-transferase pull-down assays, TDP-43 bound to karyopherin-alphas, thereby confirming the classical nuclear import pathway for the import of TDP-43. (crick.ac.uk)
IκBζ, an atypical member of the nuclear IκB family of proteins, is expressed at low levels in most resting cells, but is induced upon stimulation of Toll-like/IL-1 receptors through an IRAK1/IRAK4/NFκB-dependent pathway. (oncotarget.com)

These studies have revealed that 14-3-3 proteins can interact with the phosphorylated forms of their client proteins in response to certain signals, and that this binding finalizes the signaling event by enabling a change in the subcellular localization, protein stability or intrinsic enzymatic activity of the client, or by promoting an association between the client and other proteins. (elifesciences.org)
Predicting subcellular localization of proteins based on their N-terminal amino acid sequence. (brenda-enzymes.info)
Furthermore, the subcellular localization of HOXA7 changed from nuclear to cytoplasmic during follicular maturation [13] predominantly. (cancerhugs.com)
Nonetheless, 2009 data has shown for that to start with time that the subcellular localization selleck chemicals of Kaiso while in the cytoplasm of the cell is straight connected using the bad prognosis of patients with lung cancer, and close to 85 to 95% of lung cancers are non small cell. (screeninglibraries.com)
However, in an investigation of BRAF localisation using fluorescence microscopy combined with subcellular fractionation of Green Fluorescent Protein (GFP)-tagged proteins expressed in NIH3T3 cells, surprisingly, we detected N-terminally truncated BRAF (ΔBRAF) in both nuclear and cytoplasmic compartments. (bath.ac.uk)
The two most important issues are proper subcellular traffic and targeting to the PM, and regulated endocytosis in response to physiological, developmental, or stress signals. (uoa.gr)

Acetylation on lysine residues in the nuclear localization signals (NLS 1 and NLS 2) leads to cytoplasmic localization and subsequent secretion (By similarity). (arigobio.cn)

Immunofluorescence of 293T cells, transfected with plasmids expressing GFP-tagged BRCA2 fragments, suggests that the C terminus of BRCA2 is responsible for nuclear translocation. (biomedcentral.com)
Phosphorylation in both NLS regions is required for cytoplasmic translocation followed by secretion (PubMed:17114460). (arigobio.cn)
Here we show that GFP-ΔBRAF nuclear translocation does not involve a canonical Nuclear Localisation Signal (NLS), but is suppressed by N-terminal sequences. (bath.ac.uk)

In response to cell stimulation, phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) is recruited to the plasma membrane where it transiently generates the second messenger lipid PtdIns(3,4,5)P3, which in turn recruits and activates specific proteins such as Akt to regulate a plethora of intracellular signalling cascades to promote cell proliferation, polarisation and survival. (monash.edu)
After intracellular assembly, the newly formed virions are released from the infected cells to propagate the infection, using the extra-cytoplasmic ACE2 docking mechanism. (bvsalud.org)
Understand Nuclear Receptors through our introduction to this family of intracellular transcription factors that regulate gene expression. (indigobiosciences.com)
Calcium mineral stations are essential mediators of several varied procedures c-Kit-IN-2 such as for example hormone and neurotransmitter launch, activation of intracellular signalling pathways, pacemaker adjustments or activity in gene manifestation. (cell-signaling-pathways.com)

Estrogen signaling pathways have been identified as efficient targets of breast cancer therapy, given their key role in promoting breast tumor growth. (scirp.org)
Estrogens stimulate the proliferation and the differentiation of breast epithelial cells through the activation of downstream mitogenic signaling pathways, namely via the estrogen receptors ERα and ERβ. (scirp.org)
Therefore, the identification of new actors of estrogen signaling pathways should improve treatment specificity and thus overcome cancer drug resistance. (scirp.org)
Heat shock can trigger several signaling pathways known to protect cells against cellular insults. (uw.edu)

This process, called signal transduction, plays the essential role in many biological processes and diseases, such as cancer. (researchsquare.com)
The Anti-Cyclin-A antibody is ideal for investigators involved in cell signaling, cell biology and signal transduction research. (signalchem.com)
β-catenin is a multifunctional protein involved in two apparently independent processes: cell-cell adhesion and signal transduction. (biomedcentral.com)
The process by which a chemical or physical signal is transmitted through a cell as a series of molecular events is called signal transduction. (screeninglibraries.com)
Metastatic spread is responsible for the majority of cancer-associated deaths and is affected by a variety of factors, including the deregulation of gene expression, signal transduction, and epigenetic modification, as well as epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and the transformation of tumor cells into stem/progenitor cells. (jcancer.org)

We propose that two pathological hits, namely nuclear import defects and cellular stress, are involved in the pathogenesis of FUS-opathies. (cipsm.de)
To identify its nuclear localization signal (NLS), wild type NGFI-A and various mutants were transfected into COS cells and their cellular location assayed by indirect immunofluorescence. (wustl.edu)
To determine the minimal region(s) of NGFI-A sufficient to direct nuclear localization, the cellular location of various NGFI-A/β- galactosidase fusion proteins was examined. (wustl.edu)
In order to explore the factors that regulate the nuclear import of TDP-43, we used a small interfering RNA library to silence 82 proteins involved in nuclear transport and found that knockdowns of karyopherin-beta1 and cellular apoptosis susceptibility protein resulted in marked cytoplasmic accumulation of TDP-43. (crick.ac.uk)
Analysis of the expression of chosen nuclear import factors in post-mortem brain samples from patients with TDP-43 positive frontotemporal lobar degeneration, and spinal cord samples from patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, revealed a considerable reduction in expression of cellular apoptosis susceptibility protein in frontotemporal lobar degeneration. (crick.ac.uk)
We propose that cellular apoptosis susceptibility protein associated defective nuclear transport may play a mechanistic role in the pathogenesis of the TDP-43 positive frontotemporal lobar degeneration. (crick.ac.uk)

Fusion proteins containing all three zinc fingers were found in the nucleus, but those containing only two zinc fingers were predominantly cytoplasmic. (wustl.edu)
These information are steady with all the results found in the K562 cell line in which expression of the Kaiso is predominantly cytoplasmic. (screeninglibraries.com)

There are no ER membrane retention signals, nor peroxisomal targeting signal. (wikipedia.org)
May also act as a cytoplasmic retention protein with a role in regulating nuclear transport. (nih.gov)
A putative nuclear localization signal, a nuclear export signal, and a cytoplasmic retention locus have been identified in the VHL protein. (nih.gov)
Mediates monoubiquitination at different sites of the nuclear localization signal (NLS) of BAP1, leading to cytoplasmic retention of BAP1. (univ-amu.fr)

TDP-43 regulates RNA metabolism, trafficking, and localization of thousands of target genes. (nature.com)
Collectively, this data suggests that PIPP negatively regulates PI3K/Akt signalling in mouse fibroblasts and human breast cancer cells. (monash.edu)
We propose a model whereby PIPP negatively regulates PI3K/Akt signalling at the plasma membrane in quiescent cells, and upon loss of PIPP, or mislocalisation of PIPP to the nucleus, increased PtdIns(3,4,5)P3-mediated signalling may lead to hyperproliferation, aberrant polarisation, anchorage-independent cell growth and increased cell survival, ultimately promoting breast cancer development. (monash.edu)
The encoded non-histone, nuclear DNA-binding protein regulates transcription, and is involved in organization of DNA. (arigobio.cn)

Our data indicate that plakoglobin promotes tumor cluster formation in IMPC and downregulates apoptosis in the cell clusters through activation of PI3K/Akt/Bcl-2 signaling. (jcancer.org)

Phosphorylation-resistant site mutations in PIF7 result in increased nuclear localization and shade-induced gene expression, and consequently augment hypocotyl elongation. (elifesciences.org)
Patients carrying point mutations in the C-terminus of FUS show neuronal cytoplasmic FUS-positive inclusions, whereas in healthy controls, FUS is predominantly nuclear. (cipsm.de)
The majority of fALS-associated mutations occur within the NLS and impair nuclear import to a degree that correlates with the age of disease onset. (cipsm.de)
This study identifies two nuclear localisation signals (NLSs) within BRCA2 and makes the important observation that they are downstream of all known cancer-associated truncating mutations in BRCA2 . (biomedcentral.com)
If the nuclear exclusion of truncated BRCA2 proteins is also observed in primary tumour samples, then individuals with truncating mutations in BRCA2 could be screened by immunostaining. (biomedcentral.com)
Spain BH, Larson CJ, Shihabuddin LS, Gage FH, Verma IM: Truncated BRCA2 is cytoplasmic: Implications for cancer-linked mutations. (biomedcentral.com)
Mutations in β-catenin or axin genes are not responsible for this abnormal localization of β-catenin. (biomedcentral.com)
Such mutations result in a WT1 protein that lacks a functional nuclear localization signal. (medscape.com)

BRCA2 is localised to the nucleus and the functions ascribed to it are nuclear functions. (biomedcentral.com)
Herpesvirus capsids are assembled in the nucleus and undergo a two-step process to cross the nuclear envelope. (bvsalud.org)
TSWV and RSV N proteins also co-localized with Ran GTPase-activating protein 2 (RanGAP2), a nucleo-cytoplasmic shuttling factor, in the perinuclear region, and partly in the nucleus when co-expressed with its WPP domain containing a nuclear-localization signal. (wur.nl)
However, DNA binding per se is not required for nuclear localization, as an NGFI-A mutant (AY339G), which does not bind DNA, is still faithfully directed to the nucleus. (wustl.edu)
Nuclear GFP-ΔBRAF retains MEK/ERK activating potential and is associated with the accumulation of phosphorylated MEK and ERK in the nucleus. (bath.ac.uk)

Otherwise the protein could be cytoplasmic, nuclear or peroxisomal. (brenda-enzymes.info)
Please consult a specific prediction server for nuclear, cytoplasmic or peroxisomal localization. (brenda-enzymes.info)

Additionally, other C17orf98 transcription factors, like RBPJ-Kappa are involved in proliferation and signalling. (wikipedia.org)
Moreover, the EGF-induced KGN proliferation was abrogated, and the activation of downstream signaling was diminished when HOXA7 was knocked down. (cancerhugs.com)
This differential localization indicated that HOXA7 underwent cell type- and stage-specific adjustments during ovarian folliculogenesis, which most likely led to the rules of granulosa cell proliferation. (cancerhugs.com)
NF-κB ( Nuclear Factor kappa B ) is a ubiquitous family of transcription factors involved in biological processes such as inflammation, immunity, proliferation and apoptosis [ 1 - 3 ]. (oncotarget.com)

Immunohistochemistry analysis of normal breast tissue revealed that the PIPP protein exhibits both a cytoplasmic and nuclear localisation in luminal mammary epithelial cells. (monash.edu)

This study examined the roles of hormone-dependent transcription factors (Nuclear Receptors), in accessory gland development, function and male fertility of a genetically tractable insect model, Drosophila melanogaster. (sdbonline.org)
It encodes a nuclear phosphoprotein that acts as a growth promoter and a transcription factor. (biomedcentral.com)
Most cytoplasmic-replicating negative-strand RNA viruses (NSVs) initiate genome transcription by cap snatching. (wur.nl)
Altogether, the results implicate a more complex situation in which, besides PB, additional cytoplasmic sources are used during transcription/cap snatching of cytoplasmic-replicating and segmented NSVs. (wur.nl)
A widespread theme among each one of these scientific studies is that though Wnt11 expression can be regulated by canon ical Wnt signals, this regulation is highly dependent on transcription variables on top of that to, or besides, TCF LEF family members, for instance, Kaiso p120ctn. (screeninglibraries.com)
Here, we show that overexpression of dcap-1 in neurons of worms is sufficient to increase lifespan through the function of the insulin/IGF-like signaling and its effector DAF-16/FOXO transcription factor. (uoa.gr)
Short-lived dcap-1 mutants exhibit a neurosecretion-dependent upregulation of intestinal ins-7 transcription, and diminished nuclear localization of DAF-16/FOXO. (uoa.gr)

Our study suggests that nuclear overexpression of cMYC correlates with tumorigenesis / dedifferentiation in follicular cell derived thyroid carcinomas, a concept that has not been shown before on whole tissue sections. (biomedcentral.com)

Sequence analysis of BRCA2 revealed the presence of four potential nuclear localisation signals (NLSs), three near the C terminus. (biomedcentral.com)
RAD51, a nuclear protein, has been shown to interact with the 6174delT form of BRCA2, which lacks the NLSs and is localised to the cytoplasm. (biomedcentral.com)

This study identifies a non-canonical EcR-corepressor complex with the potential for a direct regulation of ATP-dependent nucleosome remodelling by a nuclear hormone receptor. (sdbonline.org)

BRCA2 nuclear localization and export sequences are listed. (frontiersin.org)
Western blots of nuclear and cytoplasmic fractions of BRCA2 mutant cells. (biomedcentral.com)

In pancreatic islets, GLUT2 allows a rapid equilibration of glucose between the extracellular space and the interior of the cells and it may play a crucial role in the glucose signaling mechanism leading to insulin secretion (43). (justia.com)

2022. J. Cell Biol.https://doi.org/10.1083/jcb.202201088), report that MHV-68 ORF52 undergoes LLPS to form cytoplasmic virion assembly compartments, regulating the spatiotemporal compartmentalization of viral components. (bvsalud.org)

The source of host mRNAs from which the cytoplasmic NSVs snatch capped-RNA leader sequences has remained elusive. (wur.nl)
Acts by stimulating cleavage and RAG protein binding at the 23 bp spacer of conserved recombination signal sequences (RSS). (arigobio.cn)

RAF-MEK-ERK signalling is normally thought to occur in the cytoplasm of the cell. (bath.ac.uk)

Capsids bud into the inner nuclear membrane (INM) aided by the nuclear egress complex (NEC) proteins UL31/34. (bvsalud.org)
In the second step of nuclear egress, perinuclear enveloped virions (PEVs) fuse with the outer nuclear membrane (ONM) delivering capsids into the cytoplasm. (bvsalud.org)

Cytoplasmic FUS inclusions have also been identified in a subset of frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD-FUS). (cipsm.de)

Protein stability is dependent on amino acid limitation and cis signals within Gcn4p which are recognized by cyclin-dependent protein kinases, including Pho85p. (uni-luebeck.de)

Blocking the interaction between PIF7 and 14-3-3 proteins or reducing the expression of 14-3-3 proteins accelerates shade-induced nuclear localization and de-phosphorylation of PIF7, and enhances the shade phenotype. (elifesciences.org)
Deep RNA-DNA, RNA-protein interaction studies, and phenotype rescue analyses reveal that LETR1 is a nuclear trans-acting lncRNA modulating, via key epigenetic factors, the expression of essential target genes, including KLF4 and SEMA3C , governing the growth and migratory ability of LECs. (nature.com)
Activation of the VEGFA/VEGFR2 signaling and expression of blood vascular endothelial cell (BEC) markers, such as NRP1 and EphrinB2, further differentiate these precursor cells into BECs, which then form the hierarchical network of blood vessels 4 . (nature.com)
Expression of NLS-truncated Gcn4p results in an increased cytoplasmic fraction and an overall stabilization of the protein. (uni-luebeck.de)
Reports discussing cMYC protein expression in thyroid carcinomas are limited, and controversies exist pertaining to cMYC expression patterns (nuclear versus cytoplasmic immunoreactivity) in these tumors. (biomedcentral.com)
Mutational analyses of the exon3 of the β-catenin gene and Axin gene were performed on tumors with nuclear β-catenin expression. (biomedcentral.com)
A fraction of esophageal squamous cell carcinomas have abnormal nuclear accumulation of β-catenin accompanied with increased cyclin D1 expression. (biomedcentral.com)

The same effect is achieved for the entire Gcn4p in a yrb1 yeast mutant strain impaired in the nuclear import machinery. (uni-luebeck.de)
The mutant cytoplasmic WT1 protein is thought to sequester some of the wild-type WT1 protein in the cytoplasm, resulting in a reduced amount of nuclear WT1. (medscape.com)

In Caenorhabditis elegans , deficiency of DCAP-1/DCP1, the essential co-factor of the major cytoplasmic mRNA decapping enzyme, impacts normal development, stress survival and ageing. (uoa.gr)

The proline rich inositol polyphosphate 5-phosphatase (PIPP) is a relatively uncharacterised member of the 5-phosphatase family which hydrolyses PtdIns(3,4,5)P3 in vivo to negatively regulate Akt signalling in the neuronal-like PC12 cell line (Ooms et al. (monash.edu)

Here, we show that shade light induces the de-phosphorylation and nuclear accumulation of PIF7. (elifesciences.org)

Unlike receptors found on the cell surface, members of the nuclear hormone receptor (NR) superfamily are restricted to metazoan organisms such as nematodes, insects, and vertebrates. (indigobiosciences.com)
Quantitative phosphoproteomic analysis of T cell receptor signaling reveals system-wide modulation of protein-protein interactions. (univ-amu.fr)

The amino-terminal part of TDP-43 includes a DIX (dishevelled and axin) domain, a nuclear localization signal, and tandem RNA-recognition motifs (RRMs). (lafurnitura.com)

Acts as a positive regulator of BMP7 signaling by mediating monoubiquitination of SMAD6, thereby regulating adipogenesis (PubMed:23455153). (univ-amu.fr)

Maternal genes involved in dorsoventral (D/V) patterning of the Drosophila embryo interact to establish a stable nuclear concentration gradient of the Dorsal protein which acts as the morphogen along this axis. (silverchair.com)

TDP-43 is a highly conserved, ubiquitously expressed, multifunctional nucleic acid-binding protein composed of two RNA recognition motifs (RRM), nuclear localization (NLS) and export signals (NES), and a carboxy-terminal glycine rich region. (nature.com)

These findings define a molecular mechanism underlying a tumor-promoting function of thymosin β4 through activation of MRTF/SRF signaling. (aacrjournals.org)
Taken together, these ultrastructural features describe a novel intra-cytoplasmic connection among SARS-CoV-2 infected cells that may act as an alternative route of viral transmission, disengaged from the well-known extra-cytoplasmic ACE2 docking mechanism. (bvsalud.org)
One such mechanism may be defective nuclear import of TDP-43 protein, as a disruption of its nuclear localization signal leads to mislocalization and aggregation of TDP-43 in the cytoplasm. (crick.ac.uk)

EGF signaling takes on a significant part in cell differentiation and development [16]. (cancerhugs.com)
cell lines, these transcripts are translated into immunodetectable cytoplasmic and nuclear protein. (justia.com)
β-catenin binds to both the cytoplasmic domain of cadherin and the amino-terminal domain of β-catenin and mediates cell adhesion. (biomedcentral.com)

SKL2 is not present, thus a secondary peroxisome signal is not present. (wikipedia.org)

It mainly resides in nuclear ribonucleoprotein granules but also undergoes nucleocytoplasmic shuttling to participate in cytoplasmic ribonucleoprotein granules10. (lafurnitura.com)

O-GlcNAc post-translational modification occurs on Ser/Thr residues, specifically on oncogenes, tumor suppressors, and proteins involved in growth factor signaling. (wikipedia.org)

UapA PM localization is found to be dependent on functional COPII vesicles, actin polymerization, clathrin heavy chain and the PM t-SNARE SsoA. (uoa.gr)

The Gcn4p population within unstarved yeast consists of a small relatively stable cytoplasmic fraction and a larger less stable nuclear fraction. (uni-luebeck.de)

Gcn4p contains two nuclear localization signals (NLS) which function independently of the presence or absence of amino acids. (uni-luebeck.de)

cMYC was expressed almost exclusively in a nuclear fashion in both thyroid carcinomas and nodular hyperplasias. (biomedcentral.com)
The majority of undifferentiated carcinomas (UDCs) showed strong nuclear cMYC positivity. (biomedcentral.com)

Although the complete proteins topology isn't known, evidence shows that a little part of the peptide can be a transmembrane section with a brief cytoplasmic tail. (cell-signaling-pathways.com)

Light alters histone methylation in plants via nuclear α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase. (bvsalud.org)

Anatomy26

Organisms20

Chemicals and Drugs99

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment32

Phenomena and Processes65

Disciplines and Occupations1

Technology, Industry, Agriculture1

Information Science3

Pathway14

Subcellular6

Leads to cytoplasmic1

Translocation3

Intracellular4

Pathways4

Transduction5

Cellular6

Predominantly cytoplasmic2

Retention4

Regulates4

PI3K1

Mutations8

Nucleus5

Peroxisomal2

Proliferation4

Epithelial cells1

Transcription7

Overexpression1

NLSs2

Canonical1

BRCA22

Secretion1

Compartments1

Sequences2

Cytoplasm of the cell1

Membrane2

Inclusions1

Cyclin-dependent protein1

Expression7

Mutant2

MRNA1

Neuronal1

Accumulation1

Receptor2

Axin1

Regulator1

Genes1

Motifs1

Mechanism3

Cell3

Secondary1

Undergoes1

Proteins involved1

Dependent1

Stable nuclear1

Amino1

Carcinomas2

Peptide1

Histone1