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CytoplasmMembranesCell MembraneMembrane LipidsIntracellular MembranesMembrane PotentialsMembranes, ArtificialErythrocyte MembraneMembrane FluidityCell Membrane PermeabilityBasement MembraneMicroscopy, ElectronProtein TransportMembrane Transport ProteinsCell LineCell NucleusMembrane GlycoproteinsLipid BilayersProtein BindingMolecular Sequence DataMitochondrial MembranesMicroscopy, FluorescenceModels, BiologicalAmino Acid SequenceSynaptic MembranesCarrier ProteinsProtein Structure, TertiaryMutationCell FractionationCells, CulturedCalciumRecombinant Fusion ProteinsSubcellular FractionsLiposomesEscherichia coliEndoplasmic ReticulumGolgi ApparatusFluorescent Antibody TechniqueMicroscopy, ConfocalHydrogen-Ion ConcentrationElectrophoresis, Polyacrylamide GelBacterial ProteinsBase SequenceMitochondriaDetergentsMolecular WeightHeLa CellsMicroscopy, ImmunoelectronExtraembryonic MembranesFreeze FracturingGreen Fluorescent ProteinsPhosphatidylcholinesTime FactorsTemperatureBinding SitesSignal TransductionBlotting, WesternVacuolesEndocytosisBiological Transport, ActiveImmunohistochemistryMicrovilliTransfectionRabbitsSequence Homology, Amino AcidFluorescent DyesPotassiumModels, MolecularCytosolRecombinant ProteinsCloning, MolecularCricetinaeRNA, MessengerErythrocytesCattleProtein ConformationCell Membrane StructuresCOS CellsSolubilityKineticsCytoskeletonAdenosine TriphosphateSodiumLuminescent ProteinsDiffusionIon ChannelsPeptidesMembrane Potential, MitochondrialImmunoblottingEndosomesActinsActive Transport, Cell NucleusPermeabilityNuclear EnvelopeProtein Structure, SecondaryEscherichia coli ProteinsPurple MembraneCercopithecus aethiopsElectric ConductivityMicroscopy, Electron, Transmission

NucleusVesiclesLoss of cytoplasmPerinuclear region of cytoplasmSubunitEosinophilic cytoplasmCellProteinVacuolesGolgiEnveloped by the nuclear membraneOrganized into membrane-boundPermeabilityPlasmaStructuresEukaryotic cellsMoleculesCytoplasmicMitochondriaCell'sEndosomeGranularLacksSolubleVirusesConsistsChloroplastsNucleiBacterialOrganellesSecretionFuseComplementPhospholipidCellsAssemblyCytokinesisVitroFormationMechanismMolecularNuclear envelopeOccursVivoDouble

Nucleus16

• The nucleoplasm resembles the cytoplasm of a eukaryotic cell in that it is a gel-like substance found within a membrane, although the nucleoplasm only fills out the space in the nucleus and has its own unique functions. (wikipedia.org)
• The nucleoplasm suspends structures within the nucleus that are not membrane-bound and is responsible for maintaining the shape of the nucleus. (wikipedia.org)
• The nuclear matrix is also believed to be contained in the nucleoplasm where it functions to maintain the size and shape of the nucleus, in a role similar to that of the cytoskeleton found in the cytoplasm. (wikipedia.org)
• plump polyhedral nevus cells: Abundant cytoplasm is filled with pigment and has a small round to oval nucleus with bland appearance. (aao.org)
• slender spindle nevus cells (Fig 12-16): The cytoplasm contains scant pigment and a small, dark, elongated nucleus. (aao.org)
• balloon cells: Abundant, foamy cytoplasm lacks pigment and has a bland nucleus. (aao.org)
• A eukaryotic cell has a true membrane-bound nucleus and has other membranous organelles that allow for compartmentalization of functions. (coursehero.com)
• Eukaryotic cells are larger than prokaryotic cells and have a "true" nucleus, membrane-bound organelles, and rod-shaped chromosomes. (coursehero.com)
• Because a eukaryotic cell's nucleus is surrounded by a membrane, it is often said to have a "true nucleus. (coursehero.com)
• Eukaryotic cells have a true nucleus, which means the cell's DNA is surrounded by a membrane. (coursehero.com)
• The nuclear envelope is a double-membrane structure that constitutes the outermost portion of the nucleus. (coursehero.com)
• The nucleus stores chromatin (DNA plus proteins) in a gel-like substance called the nucleoplasm.The nucleolus is a condensed region of chromatin where ribosome synthesis occurs.The boundary of the nucleus is called the nuclear envelope.It consists of two phospholipid bilayers: an outer membrane and an inner membrane.The nuclear membrane is continuous with the endoplasmic reticulum.Nuclear pores allow substances to enter and exit the nucleus. (coursehero.com)
• The membrane that surrounds the nucleus. (enchantedlearning.com)
• The nucleus is surrounded by the nuclear membrane. (enchantedlearning.com)
• Wright's stain gives the nucleus a deep purple color and the cytoplasm a pale robin's-egg blue in typical cells. (dictionary.com)
• Presence of one nucleus with evenly arranged chromatin on the nuclear membrane and a small, cen- trally located karyosome are morphological features of trophozoites. (cdc.gov)

Vesicles7

• Vesicles and vacuoles are membrane-bound sacs that function in storage and transport. (coursehero.com)
• Other than the fact that vacuoles are somewhat larger than vesicles, there is a very subtle distinction between them: the membranes of vesicles can fuse with either the plasma membrane or other membrane systems within the cell. (coursehero.com)
• Tethered neutrophils enter in membrane-bound vesicles before penetrating into the megakaryocyte cytoplasm. (elifesciences.org)
• The plasma membrane of the spermatid invaginated to form vesicles that were distributed among various endosomes around the CFC during spermiogenesis. (frontiersin.org)
• Vesicles from Golgi complexes, plasma membranes and endosomes might also be the sources of the autophagosome membrane. (frontiersin.org)
• The golgi body packages proteins and carbohydrates into membrane-bound vesicles for "export" from the cell. (enchantedlearning.com)
• In at least some synapses, transmitter release occurs by fusion of these vesicles with the presynaptic membrane, followed by exocytosis of their contents. (bvsalud.org)

Loss of cytoplasm1

• The rupture of cell membranes and the loss of cytoplasm. (mcw.edu)

Perinuclear region of cytoplasm1

• and perinuclear region of cytoplasm. (nih.gov)

Subunit3

• The flavin together with the iron-sulfur clusters function to mediate electron transfer from the dicarboxylate binding site on the Fp subunit to the membrane-anchor domain where quinone is reduced to quinol. (lu.se)
• Flavinylation of Fp in B. subtilis does not require the Ip subunit or the membrane anchor but depends on folding of the Fp polypeptide into a state that can bind FAD and subsequent mediate covalent binding of the FAD [3, 4]. (lu.se)
• In the Fp subunit of SQR, and the closely related membrane-associated fumarate reductase of anaerobic organisms, FAD is covalently attached via an 8α-N(3)-histidyl linkage to a histidine (His) in a conserved sequence in the N-terminal part of the polypeptide. (lu.se)

Eosinophilic cytoplasm2

• [7] Cytologically, the cells of apocrine carcinoma are relatively large, granular, and it has a prominent eosinophilic cytoplasm. (wikipedia.org)
• Epithelioid melanoma cells resemble epithelium because of their abundant eosinophilic cytoplasm and enlarged round to oval nuclei. (aao.org)

Cell21

• Like a prokaryotic cell, a eukaryotic cell has a plasma membrane, cytoplasm, and ribosomes. (coursehero.com)
• These findings identify emperipolesis as a new cell-in-cell interaction that enables neutrophils and potentially other cells passing through the megakaryocyte cytoplasm to modulate the production and membrane content of platelets. (elifesciences.org)
• As a trade-off, they have had to come up with ways to bypass a cell's internal immune system, navigate the complicated, busy environment of the cell cytoplasm, and ultimately escape that environment to infect other cells-becoming tiny maestros of manipulation in the process. (the-scientist.com)
• AKT proteins are recruited to the cell membrane by phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate (PIP3) after phosphorylation of phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PIP2) by PI3K. (senescence.info)
• and plasma membrane bounded cell projection. (wormbase.org)
• Located in neuronal cell body and plasma membrane bounded cell projection. (wormbase.org)
• There was not an obvious shedding process of unnecessary cytoplasm during spermiogenesis although, the cell size of the maturing spermatozoon was reduced. (frontiersin.org)
• To map the location and dynamics of supramolecular assemblies in the cytoplasm and cell membranes. (europa.eu)
• The eukaryotic cell is neatly compartmentalized into membrane-bound organelles that perform various functions. (sciencedaily.com)
• Further, unlike other viruses, it does not construct its own enclosed "viral factory" in the cytoplasm of the cell within which to replicate its DNA and contains none of the genes required to carry out the replication process. (sciencedaily.com)
• cell membrane - the thin layer of protein and fat that surrounds the cell, but is inside the cell wall. (enchantedlearning.com)
• The cell membrane is semipermeable, allowing some substances to pass into the cell and blocking others. (enchantedlearning.com)
• A thick, rigid membrane that surrounds a plant cell. (enchantedlearning.com)
• Rough ER transport materials through the cell and produces proteins in sacks called cisternae (which are sent to the Golgi body, or inserted into the cell membrane). (enchantedlearning.com)
• These channels transport positively charged calcium atoms (calcium ions) across cell membranes. (medlineplus.gov)
• The lack of normal calcium channels in the cell membrane impairs cell communication between neurons in the brain. (medlineplus.gov)
• This includes the nature of the cell membrane and the alveolar membranes that reside immediately below the surfac. (cellimagelibrary.org)
• Plays a role in cell adhesion to the basement membrane and in the consequent activation of signaling transduction pathways. (joplink.net)
• Detected in both cell membrane and cytoplasm in neurons. (avivasysbio.com)
• Cell membrane or plasma membrane consists of a double layer formed from proteins and lipids. (essaywriter.org)
• they may be located on the cell surface membrane or within the cytoplasm (see table Some Types of Physiologic. (msdmanuals.com)

Protein6

• Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is notorious for the metastases, which are in close association with Epstein-Barr virus-encoded latent membrane protein 1 (LMP1). (scielo.br)
• AKT/PI3K forms a key component of many signalling pathways that involve the binding of membrane-bound ligands such as receptor tyrosine kinases, G-protein coupled receptors, and integrin-linked kinase. (senescence.info)
• Predicted to be involved in protein targeting to membrane. (jax.org)
• ESCRT = Endosomal Sorting Complex Required for Transport is a highly conserved cellular membrane remodeling machinery, consisting of five cytosolic protein complexes, including ESCRT-III and VPS4. (cea.fr)
• Single-pass type I membrane protein. (avivasysbio.com)
• The classical Complex I enzyme is composed of seven membrane-spanning protein subunits and seven protein subunits protruding into the cytoplasm (in bacteria) or into the mitochondrial matrix (in eukaryotes). (lu.se)

Vacuoles1

• By then it was known that Listeria infects cells such as macrophages-motile human immune cells that engulf pathogens and cellular debris-by being taken up into vacuoles and breaking out of those vacuoles into the cytoplasm. (the-scientist.com)

Golgi2

• Colocalizes with trans-Golgi network membrane. (nih.gov)
• She was particularly interested in the Golgi apparatus, a cluster of membrane-bound compartments that help coordinate this trafficking, and spent much of her time manipulating the organelle's activity to try to better understand how it works. (the-scientist.com)

Enveloped by the nuclear membrane1

• The nucleoplasm is a highly viscous liquid that is enveloped by the nuclear membrane and consists mainly of water, proteins, dissolved ions, and a variety of other substances including nucleic acids and minerals. (wikipedia.org)

Organized into membrane-bound1

• Having complex cells in which the genetic material is organized into membrane-bound nuclei. (coursehero.com)

Permeability2

• After matching the models for the relative dispersion the remaining differences in relative skewness are predicted, discussing the relative roles of membrane permeability, cellular binding and cytoplasmic transport. (nih.gov)
• Two key steps regulate this process: 1) ENM-induced phagolysosomal membrane permeability (LMP) leading to the release of cathepsin B into the cytoplasm, which has been linked to NLRP3 Inflammasome assembly and Caspase-1 activation necessary for IL-1beta to be cleaved from its pro-form, and 2) elimination of the NLRP3 Inflammasome complex by autophagy. (cdc.gov)

Plasma4

• Is extrinsic component of plasma membrane. (nih.gov)
• Auxin-stimulated NADH oxidase (semidehydroascorbate reductase) of soybean plasma membrane: Role in acidification of cytoplasm? (upo.es)
• A parasomal sac is an indentation of the plasma membrane that pene. (cellimagelibrary.org)
• M1-type macrophages predominantly sequester nanoceria near the plasma membrane, whereas nanoceria are more uniformly distributed throughout M2 macrophage cytoplasm. (cdc.gov)

Structures6

• They do not possess cellular structures like membranes or cytoplasm. (microbiologynote.com)
• The elongated IM always engulfed some cytoplasm and various structures. (frontiersin.org)
• Thylakoid disks are disk-shaped membrane structures in chloroplasts that contain chlorophyll. (enchantedlearning.com)
• Researchers at IRIG have obtained the first high resolution images of the ESCRT-III complex, showing membrane-coated tubular structures that constitute a minimal machinery that can cleave membrane necks via membrane fission. (cea.fr)
• Researchers at IRIG [collaboration with Curie Institute Paris and University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands ] provide first high resolution cryoEM structures of ESCRT-III filaments composed of CHMP2A and CHMP3 forming membrane-coated tubular structures in vitro that resemble ESCRT-III filament architectures at virus or vesicle budding sites or the cytokinetic midbody. (cea.fr)
• The structures (3.3 Å and 3.6 Å) provide molecular details of helical filament polymerization, membrane interaction and support a model that predicts processive filament sliding upon remodeling by VPS4. (cea.fr)

Eukaryotic cells1

• a specialized, usually spherical mass of protoplasm encased in a double membrane, and found in most living eukaryotic cells, directing their growth, metabolism, and reproduction, and functioning in the transmission of genic characters. (dictionary.com)

Molecules5

• The nuclear pore is where molecules travel from inside the nucleoplasm to the cytoplasm and vice versa. (wikipedia.org)
• The nuclear envelope is punctuated with pores that control the passage of ions, molecules, and RNA between the nucleoplasm and cytoplasm. (coursehero.com)
• Despite much progress in identifying the molecules responsible for autophagosome formation, the origin and the source of the autophagosomal membrane remain unsolved and have been the subject of long-standing debate. (frontiersin.org)
• Membrane-bound compartments which contain transmitter molecules. (bvsalud.org)
• They actively sequester transmitter molecules from the cytoplasm. (bvsalud.org)

Cytoplasmic2

• The relative dispersion of cellular residence times is introduced as a model-independent measure of cytoplasmic equilibration kinetics, which indicates whether diffusion through the cytoplasm is rate limiting. (nih.gov)
• MgtA imports free Mg2+ from the periplasm to the cytoplasm, causing an increase in cytoplasmic Mg2+ concentration. (lu.se)

Mitochondria2

• Mitochondria are oval-shaped, double membrane organelles that have their own ribosomes and DNA. (coursehero.com)
• The membrane anchor of SQR in mammalian mitochondria and proteobacteria, such as Escherichia coli , consists of two polypeptides (SdhC and SdhD) and contains one heme group. (lu.se)

Cell's2

• The multiply-folded inner membrane of a cell's mitochondrion that are finger-like projections. (enchantedlearning.com)
• A vast system of interconnected, membranous, infolded and convoluted sacks that are located in the cell's cytoplasm (the ER is continuous with the outer nuclear membrane). (enchantedlearning.com)

Endosome1

• Predicted to be located in early endosome membrane. (wormbase.org)

Granular1

• The cytoplasm is finely granular and few ingested bacteria or debris may be present. (cdc.gov)

Lacks2

• It has only RNA as a nucleic acid and lacks both a membrane and cytoplasm. (microbiologynote.com)
• Based on the given description, the 'thing' you discovered, which has only RNA as a nucleic acid and lacks both a membrane and cytoplasm, is most likely a virus. (microbiologynote.com)

Soluble1

• If the membrane-anchor is missing or defective, Fp and Ip subunits accumulate as soluble proteins in the cytoplasm. (lu.se)

Viruses1

• It is therefore important to study the structure of the ESCRT machinery within a membrane context in order to provide insight into its membrane remodeling and cleavage activity during membrane repair, budding of enveloped viruses, and cytokinesis among others. (cea.fr)

Consists1

• SQR consists of a membrane-peripheral heterodimer domain (often called succinate dehydrogenase) which is tightly bound to a membrane-spanning anchor, which is a cytochrome with one or two heme groups depending on the organism. (lu.se)

Chloroplasts2

• Proanthocyanidins are formed in the chlorophyllous organs of Tracheophyta from a redifferentiation of chloroplasts involving the thylakoidal membrane and lumen. (scirp.org)
• Part of the chloroplasts in plant cells, located within the inner membrane of chloroplasts, between the grana. (enchantedlearning.com)

Nuclei2

• Histologically, a melanocytoma is composed of large polyhedral cells with small round to oval nuclei and abundant cytoplasm. (aao.org)
• Their nuclei have a conspicuous nuclear membrane, very coarse chromatin, and large nucleoli. (aao.org)

Bacterial1

• Note that in some of the confined organisms, there was a lysis of bacterial cytoplasm with an accompanying persistence of surrounding bacterial membranes. (cdc.gov)

Organelles2

• The other organelles float in what is called the cytoplasm. (sciencedaily.com)
• Spherical to rod-shaped organelles with a double membrane. (enchantedlearning.com)

Secretion2

• The secretory cells therefore lose part of their cytoplasm in the process of secretion. (wikipedia.org)
• We study the role of intracellular complement factor C3 and membrane bound complement inhibitor CD59 in insulin secretion as well as physiology and metabolism of beta cells. (lu.se)

Fuse1

• It is unclear if and where distinct membrane sources fuse during autophagosome biogenesis. (frontiersin.org)

Complement1

• With the full complement of prosthetic groups they are then bound to the heme-containing membrane-anchor to form the active SQR. (lu.se)

Phospholipid1

• Both the inner and outer membranes of the nuclear envelope are phospholipid bilayers. (coursehero.com)

Cells5

• Note the balloon cells (arrowheads) with abundant foamy cytoplasm. (aao.org)
• Because human mesenchymal stem cells are known to be sensitive to their mechanical environments, we investigated the mechanotransductive potential of Descemet membrane-like microtopography (DLT) to differentiate human mesenchymal stem cells into CEC-like cells. (lww.com)
• Artificial reproduction of Descemet membrane with respect to topography and similar stiffness offers a potential innovative way to bioengineer a functional CEC monolayer from autologous stem cells. (lww.com)
• Citokinesis = division of the cytoplasm in the phases of meiosis and mitosis, to separate daughter cells. (cea.fr)
• Presence of red blood cells within the cytoplasm of trophozoites is a diagnostic feature for the identification of E. histolytica . (cdc.gov)

Assembly2

• Structural basis of CHMP2A-CHMP3 ESCRT-III polymer assembly and membrane cleavage. (cea.fr)
• It is unexpected that B. subtilis SQR without covalently bound FAD is not assembled in the E. coli membrane provided that all other aspects of assembly, including iron-sulfur cluster biogenesis, are functional in the heterologous system. (lu.se)

Cytokinesis1

• The endosomal sorting complex required for transport (ESCRT) machinery catalyzes many divergent membrane-remodeling processes such as membrane repair, enveloped virus budding and cytokinesis, among others. (cea.fr)

Vitro1

• Moreover, single molecule studies confirmed that the ESCRT-III polymers are constricted and cleaved by VPS4 in vitro , suggesting that they constitute a minimal machinery that can cleave membrane necks via membrane fission. (cea.fr)

Formation1

• Although autophagosome formation has attracted substantial attention, the origin and the source of the autophagosomal membrane remains unresolved. (frontiersin.org)

Mechanism1

• In the present study, a subcellular mechanism for autophagosomal membrane biogenesis was examined in detail during in vivo turtle spermiogenesis. (frontiersin.org)

Molecular1

• We have shown recently that C3 regulates autophagy due to its ability to interact with ATG16L1 and now we want to delineate how C3 enters cytoplasm and what are molecular mechanisms by which it is regulating autophagy. (lu.se)

Nuclear envelope1

• It is enclosed by the nuclear envelope, also known as the nuclear membrane. (wikipedia.org)

Occurs1

• This phenomenon occurs in otherwise unmanipulated murine marrow in vivo, resulting in circulating platelets that bear membrane from non-megakaryocytic hematopoietic donors. (elifesciences.org)

Vivo1

• The present study was designed to investigate in vivo subcellular evidence for the biogenesis of autophagosomal membrane during spermiogenesis using transmission-electron microscopy (TEM), Western blots and immunohistochemistry in samples from the Chinese soft-shelled turtle. (frontiersin.org)

Double1

• Many endoplasmic reticulum (ER) were transferred into a special "Chrysanthemum flower center" (CFC) in which several double-layer isolation membranes (IM) were formed and extended. (frontiersin.org)