Cytokines cells localization of specific rnas. Medical search. Frequent questions

They induce a large number of genes in their target cells, including those coding for the guanylate-binding proteins (GBPs). (wikipedia.org)
KSRP is certainly a multifunctional, single-stranded nucleic acidity- Prinaberel (DNA- or RNA-) binding proteins. (iassist2012.org)
The observation that ELAVL3 is one of several Hu antigens (neuronal-specific RNA-binding proteins) recognized by the anti-Hu serum antibody present in sera from patients with paraneoplastic encephalomyelitis and sensory neuronopathy (PEM/PSN) suggests it has a role in neurogenesis. (nih.gov)
Table 1 Features of MERS-CoV accessory proteins For heterologous manifestation and cellular protein localization studies accessory open reading frames (ORFs) 3 4 and 4b were PCR amplified from MERS-CoV cDNA (primer sequences in Table S1 in the supplemental material) whereas ORF 5 was synthesized (Existence Systems). (biomasswars.com)
To designate the subcellular localization of proteins a colocalization study with organelle marker antibodies was carried out as explained before (19). (biomasswars.com)
Fig 1 Manifestation and subcellular localization of MERS-CoV accessory proteins in HEK-293T cells. (biomasswars.com)
A) The different accessory proteins 3 4 4 and 5 were indicated in HEK-293T cells fixed after 24 h 1-NA-PP1 and stained having a mouse anti-FLAG immunoglobulin G (IgG) … After confirmation of protein expression we investigated putative IFN antagonistic functions. (biomasswars.com)
In primary murine pro B cells and MEFs isolated from Stat1-null mice the expression of all RNAs that encode mitochondria synthesized proteins are elevated 3 to 8 fold compared to pro B cells or MEFs derived from wild type littermates. (grantome.com)
Roquin proteins preclude spontaneous T cell activation and aberrant differentiation of T follicular helper (Tfh) or T helper 17 (Th17) cells. (cipsm.de)
Ubiquitination is a multifunctional posttranslational modification controlling the activity, subcellular localization and stability of proteins. (cipsm.de)
hRSV is an enveloped virus with a negative-stranded, non-segmented RNA genome containing 10 genes distributed along 15.2 kilobases in the order 3′-NS1-NS2-N-P-M-SH-G-F-M2-L-5′ and encoding 11 proteins [8]. (fortunejournals.com)

Additionally, the 5′ and 3′ UTRs flanking the coding region regulate mRNA translation, half-life, and subcellular localization [2]. (researchgate.net)

1. Launch The disease fighting capability comprises innate (dendritic cells, macrophages, granulocytes, etc.) and adaptive (T and B cells) immune system cell types. (iassist2012.org)
Myeloid immune cells, specifically tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), may represent potential novel therapeutic targets in HCC, complementing current ablative or immune therapies. (cancerindex.org)
Macrophages are important immune cells that participate in both innate and adaptive immune responses, such as phagocytosis, recognition of molecular patterns, and activation of the immune response. (frontiersin.org)
Macrophages are immune cells widely distributed throughout the body and are components of innate immunity. (frontiersin.org)
Glycans are one of the four fundamental macromolecular components of all cells and are highly regulated in immune cells, including macrophages. (frontiersin.org)
Although CD4 T cells are the main targets of HIV infection, macrophages also become infected and resist the cytopathic effects of infection, contributing potentially to HIV reservoir persistence. (nih.gov)
CD4 is primarily expressed in a subset of T-lymphocytes, also referred to as T helper cells, but may also be expressed by other cells in the immune system, such as monocytes, macrophages, and dendritic cells. (thermofisher.com)
Inflammatory infiltrates in the placenta mainly consisted of CD8+ and, to a lesser extent, CD4+ T cells and macrophages (CD163+). (biomedcentral.com)
Moreover, in contrast to N-803+αPD-L1, N-809 reduced immunosuppressive regulatory T cells (T reg ), monocytic myeloid-derived suppressor cells (M-MDSC) and M2-like macrophages in the TME. (bmj.com)
In addition, N-809 reduces immunosuppressive and pro-tumorigenic immune cells in the TME, including T reg , M2-like macrophages and M-MDSC. (bmj.com)
Many types of cells are involved in the progression of RA joint inflammation, among which the overactivation of M1 macrophages and osteoclasts has been thought to be an essential cause of joint inflammation and bone destruction. (elifesciences.org)
Macrophages are versatile cells that can be polarized by the tissue environment to fulfill required needs. (haematologica.org)
In conclusion, we provide evidence that proinflammatory polarization of macrophages does not lead to enhanced procoagulatory function, whereas alternative polarization of macrophages leads to an increased expression of TF and increased production of TF bearing extracellular vesicles by these cells suggesting a procoagulatory phenotype of alternatively polarized macrophages. (haematologica.org)
Macrophages are cells of the innate immune system which play numerous and vastly different functions within the body. (haematologica.org)
In order to be able to respond to multiple tasks, macrophages can adapt to the environment when exposed to specific cues. (haematologica.org)
6 In addition, these cells are present during early wound healing and proinflammatory macrophages are characterized by a pronounced ability to degrade tissue. (haematologica.org)
Gran1 was selectively internalized by macrophages, the major host cell of Mtb , and restricted the proliferation of the pathogen. (uni-ulm.de)
activation of macrophages/neutrophils does not mobilize CD33m to cell surface. (cusabio.com)
They found similarities across certain families of immune cells, such as macrophages, as well as differences in others. (sanger.ac.uk)
By using single-cell sequencing data we have been able to reveal around a hundred different kinds of immune cells including macrophages, B cells, and T cells, uncovering crucial information about how the immune system works. (sanger.ac.uk)
While macrophages were reported to act as one of the cells in LUAD, enrichment analysis of macrophage marker genes revealed the important role of macrophages in the activation of neutrophils. (aging-us.com)
Total cells, macrophages, and eosinophils recovered in BALF lavage were significantly elevated in the OVA + PM/OVA compared to OVA/OVA group. (cdc.gov)

The term "oncotarget" encompasses all molecules, pathways, cellular functions, cell types, and even tissues that can be viewed as targets relevant to cancer as well as other diseases. (oncotarget.com)
This immune-mediated disorder involves both innate and adaptive cellular compartments as well as their dysregulated cytokine production. (elifesciences.org)
In addition, the pathological process of RA is promoted through the synergistic action of the cellular resident in the bone and in joint compartments, such as osteoclasts, chondrocytes and stromal cells ( Komatsu and Takayanagi, 2022 ). (elifesciences.org)
Characterization of the histopathology and cellular localization of SARS-CoV-2 in the tissues of patients with fatal COVID-19 is critical to further understand its pathogenesis and transmission and for public health prevention measures. (cdc.gov)
Pathologic evaluation and determination of virus distribution and cellular localization within tissues is crucial to elucidating the pathogenesis of these fatal infections and can help guide development of therapeutic and preventive countermeasures. (cdc.gov)
For cellular localization of SARS-CoV-2 RNA and viral characterization, we performed in-situ hybridization (ISH), subgenomic RNA RT-PCR, and whole genome sequencing. (cdc.gov)
6). Lung tissue, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and plasma were analyzed for cellular inflammation, cytokines, immunoglobulin E and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) expression. (cdc.gov)

Messenger RNA (mRNA) vaccines represent a relatively new vaccine class showing great promise for the future. (researchgate.net)

Once activated, p53 coordinates multiple downstream pathways, thereby maintaining the homeostasis of the host cell or organism (if the stress is mild, transient, and repairable) or eliminating damaged cells (if the stress is acute, prolonged, and difficult to resist). (nature.com)
We find that U87 mg electrotaxis is abolished under pharmacological inhibition of PI3Kγ, mTOR, AKT and ErbB2 signaling, whereas DAOY cell electrotaxis was not attenuated by these or other pathways evaluated. (nature.com)
In this study, DSP helped to identify pathways likely involved in the reprogramming of normal BG cells into DGAST tumors. (biochain.com)
Since international federation of gynecology and obstetrics (FIGO) staging is mainly based on clinical assessment, an integrated approach for mining RNA based biomarkers for understanding the molecular deregulation of signaling pathways and RNAs in cervical cancer was proposed in this study. (cancerindex.org)
Next, the results of cell-cell communication analysis suggested that pericytes interact with broad immune cells via MDK-NCL pathways in metastasis samples, MIF-(CD74+CXCR4) and MIF-(CD74+CC44) interaction especially occurred between different cell types in tumor and normal samples. (aging-us.com)

This was possible by comparing expression patterns in stromal cells surrounding the tumors with cells of similar tissues to identify unique patterns. (biochain.com)
At the tissue level, CD4 expression may be detected in thymus, lymph nodes, tonsils, and spleen, and also in specific regions of the brain, gut, and other non-lymphoid tissues. (thermofisher.com)
In addition, a Th2-biased cytokine response at the materno-foetal interface may counteract the effects of pro-inflammatory cytokines in order to safeguard foetal viability and hence the maintenance of gestation, yet it may also facilitate parasite proliferation in placental tissues [ 5 , 6 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Extracellular vesicle DNA from human melanoma tissues contains cancer-specific mutations. (gu.se)
The Notch signaling pathway is an evolutionary conserved signal transduction cascade present in almost all tissues and is required for embryonic and postnatal development, as well as for stem cell maintenance, but it is also implicated in tumorigenesis including pancreatic cancer and leukemia. (uni-ulm.de)
Previously underexplored immune cell populations have been mapped across multiple tissues in development and adulthood to provide new insights into how our immune system works. (sanger.ac.uk)
One study focuses on the early development of the immune system and the localisation of immune cells across several tissues. (sanger.ac.uk)
The other study looks at immune cells in multiple tissues from adult individuals, providing a framework for prediction of cell type identity and insights into immunological memory. (sanger.ac.uk)
Published today (12 May 2022) in Science , both studies explore the similarities and differences of immune cells across different tissues, which are understudied, compared to those circulating in the blood. (sanger.ac.uk)
Knowing more about immune cell traits and reactions in these tissues at different stages of life could help future research into therapies that aim to produce or enhance an immune response to fight disease, such as vaccinations or anti-cancer treatments. (sanger.ac.uk)
They used spatial transcriptomics and single-cell RNA sequencing to map the exact location of specific cells within developing tissues. (sanger.ac.uk)
This comprehensive atlas of human immune development reveals tissues involved in the formation of blood and immune cells, enhancing our understanding of immune and blood disorders. (sanger.ac.uk)
In the second study **, scientists from the Wellcome Sanger Institute, the University of Cambridge, and their collaborators simultaneously analysed immune cells across 16 tissues from 12 individual adult organ donors. (sanger.ac.uk)
We have created a catalogue of immune cells within the adult human body, allowing us to automatically identify cell types across multiple tissues. (sanger.ac.uk)

In addition, the Isoprenylation is required to regulate the intracellular localization and the membrane association of GBP2. (wikipedia.org)
In addition, GBP2 gene can be a relationship between cell surface receptor and intracellular effectors which can transmit extracellular information into the cells as well as an intracellular signal transduction protein. (wikipedia.org)
These findings may be linked to reports that MUC1 plays an important role in the impairment of cell-cell adhesion, the immune response, and/or altered intracellular signalling. (bmj.com)
We report here that SMN deficiency, induced in the astroglioma cell line U87MG after lentiviral transduction with a shSMN construct, was associated with an increase in the expression of the main components of Notch signaling pathway, namely its ligands, Jagged1 and Delta1, the Notch receptor and its active intracellular form (NICD). (mdpi.com)
Clearance of small intestinal crypts involves goblet cell mucus secretion by intracellular granule rupture and enterocyte ion transport. (gu.se)
5 Functionally, proinflammatory polarization leads to potent effector cells that kill intracellular micro-organisms and tumor cells. (haematologica.org)

Compared with N-803+αPD-L1, N-809 enhanced natural killer (NK) and CD8 + T-cell activation and function in the dLN and TME, relating to increased gene expression associated with interferon and cytokine signaling, lymphoid compartment, costimulation and cytotoxicity. (bmj.com)
The 161533 TriKE induced superior NK cell cytotoxicity, degranulation, and cytokine production against CD33(+) HL-60 targets and increased NK survival and proliferation. (cusabio.com)

Th1 cells generate IFN-and mediate mobile immune system replies typically, whereas Th2 cells are seen as a IL-4, IL-5, IL-10, and IL-13 secretion and so are needed for humoral immune system body's defence mechanism [3]. (iassist2012.org)
Vaccines face multiple issues, such as the low activity of neutralizing antibodies after immunization, or the aggravation of pathological reactions from the imbalance of Th1/Th2 cytokine secretion after formalin inactivated hRSV is administered. (fortunejournals.com)

Description: The RPA-T4 monoclonal antibody reacts with human CD4, a 59 kDa cell surface receptor expressed by a majority of thymocytes, subpopulation of mature T cells (T-helper cells) and in low levels on monocytes. (thermofisher.com)
CD4 functions to initiate or augment the early phase of T-cell activation through its association with the T-cell receptor complex and protein tyrosine kinase, Lck. (thermofisher.com)
Foremost, N-809 enhances intratumoral lymphocyte numbers by increasing trafficking via altered chemokine levels in the TME and chemokine receptor expression on CD8 + T cells and NK cells. (bmj.com)
We performed targeted transcriptomics and T-cell receptor sequencing in a restricted subset of samples evaluated in relationship with HIV status. (imperial.ac.uk)
Claudin18.2 (CLDN18.2)-specific chimeric antigen receptor (CAR-T) cells displayed limited efficacy in CLDN18.2-positive pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). (bvsalud.org)
Sars-CoV-2, which shares 79.6% sequence homology with Sars-CoV-1 [ 2 ] similarly infects hosts through the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), the functional receptor in lung epithelial cells. (springer.com)

Whereas transcription elements and epigenetic systems are in Prinaberel charge of transcriptional control, posttranscriptional legislation (splicing, mRNA editing, balance, translatability, and localization) frequently depends upon RNA-binding protein (RBP) [4]. (iassist2012.org)
These protein either stabilize (HuR) or destabilize (AUF1, tristetraprolin, and KSRP) cytokine mRNAs by binding to particular sequence elements, frequently AU-rich components (ARE) situated in the 3 untranslated area (3-UTR) from the mRNA. (iassist2012.org)
A similar pattern of placental cytokine mRNA expression was found in all groups, displaying a strengthened upregulation of IFN-γ and IL-4 and milder increases of TNF-α and IL-10, reminiscent of a mixed Th1 and Th2 response. (biomedcentral.com)
Significant miRNA families were identified from mRNA-miRNA and lncRNA-miRNA interaction network analyses followed by stage specific mRNA-miRNA-lncRNA association network generation. (cancerindex.org)

Sequence analysis of GBP2 showed the presence of an RNA binding domain which comprises a three RNA recognition motifs (RRM) and SR domain. (wikipedia.org)
A member of the ELAVL protein family, ELAV-like 3 is a neural-specific RNA-binding protein which contains three RNP-type RNA recognition motifs. (nih.gov)
Promptly released genome sequence info (15) was used to forecast putative protein localizations and motifs including transmembrane domains using TMpred glycosylation sites and putative double-stranded RNA (dsRNA)-binding domains using DELTA-BLAST. (biomasswars.com)

Overexpression of the RNA-binding protein HuR (ELAVL1) occurs during colon tumorigenesis and is abnormally present within the cytoplasm, where it post-transcriptionally regulates genes through its interaction with 3'UTR AU-rich elements (AREs). (oncotarget.com)
RNA sequencing followed by differential expression analysis was used to identify genes with high expression in DGASTs vs. other GI tumors. (biochain.com)
In line with this, RBPJL is able to fully reconstitute transcriptional repression at Notch target genes in cells lacking RBPJ. (uni-ulm.de)
It is believed that loss of acetylation could compact the chromatin structure, leading to the transcriptional repression of specific genes [ 3 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Although several studies revealed the important role of immune cells and related marker genes impact on LUAD prognosis and process, a comprehensive understanding of TIME malignant and metastatic change in LUAD is still limited. (aging-us.com)

Therefore, it really is apparent that dysregulation of cytokine appearance is very important to the pathogenesis of several diseases, for instance, for chronic inflammatory autoimmune illnesses such as arthritis rheumatoid [2]. (iassist2012.org)
In addition, the identification of inflammatory cytokines in DGASTs suggested cytokine suppression or immune checkpoint inhibitors may be a potential therapeutic path to explore. (biochain.com)
Mechanistically, the activation of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) signaling was impaired in CXCR4 CAR-T cells, which reduced the release of inflammatory factors, such as tumor necrosis factor-α, IL-6, and IL-17A. (bvsalud.org)
There are two hallmark phenotypes of allergic asthma: (1) inflammatory, due to a T helper cell type 2 (Th2)-mediated immune response resulting in elevated inflammatory cells in the airways, and (2) airway hyper-reactivity, during which volume and flow of inhaled air decreases as a consequence of airway constriction. (cdc.gov)

However, a recent study showed that GBP2 can regulate dynamin-related protein 1 (Drp1) to block the translocation of Drp1 to the mitochondria which lead to an attenuation of the Drp1 dependent mitochondrial fission and also an invasion of breast cancer cells. (wikipedia.org)

Interferons are cytokines that have antiviral effects and inhibit tumor cell proliferation. (wikipedia.org)
As a result, it adversely regulates the appearance of immune system modulatory cytokines like TNF-and type I interferons [7, 11]. (iassist2012.org)
Previous studies have reported that the expression of several mitochondria encoded RNAs is inhibited as a result of incubation of cells with type one interferons (IFN alpha/beta). (grantome.com)

Cytokine appearance is governed by EZH2 transcriptional, posttranscriptional, and posttranslational systems. (iassist2012.org)
We performed RNA sequencing to determine the transcriptional host response landscape during C. albicans colonization. (frontiersin.org)

Functional characterization of high and low avidity GSW11-specific CD8 + T cells was conducted using flow cytometry and bulk RNA-seq. (bmj.com)

An integrated approach for mining precise RNA-based cervical cancer staging biomarkers. (cancerindex.org)

A hippocampal protein associated with paraneoplastic neurologic syndrome and small cell lung carcinoma. (nih.gov)
Breast and lung cancer cells of murine and human origin induced IL-22 production from memory CD4 + T cells. (cipsm.de)
Infection of other cell types possessing ACE2 receptors has been described including the epithelial cells of the lung, intestine, kidney, heart, and blood vessels inducing cardiotropic damage [ 4 , 5 ]. (springer.com)
Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is the most common type of non-small cell lung cancer and accounts for approximately 40% of all lung cancer cases. (aging-us.com)

It is characterized by uncontrolled proliferation of lymphoid lineage cells (typically B cells, rarely non-B lineage) in a context of posttransplant immunosuppression. (medscape.com)
Chronic lymphoid leukaemia and hairy cell leukaemia due to chronic exposure to benzene: Report of three cases. (cdc.gov)

A study on the bovine GBP2 gene showed the importance of GBP2 in the regulation of cell proliferation and the resistance to the pathogen infection such as an Exhibition of antiviral activity against influenza virus. (wikipedia.org)
Activated T-cells are one of the immune cells involved in the antiviral response. (springer.com)

GBP2 is considered as a control factor for the proliferation and spreading in the tumor cell. (wikipedia.org)
A) The biological activity of Human Recombinant BDNF was tested by its ability to promote the proliferation of a neuroblastoma cell line stably expressing TrkB (BR6). (stemcell.com)
Cell proliferation was measured using a colorimetric assay method. (stemcell.com)
Knockdown of KDM1B inhibits cell proliferation and induces apoptosis of pancreatic cancer cells. (cancerindex.org)

The crosstalk between pro-tumorigenic immune cells, stromal cells, and cytokines helps to establish the pre-metastatic niche for disseminated circulatory tumor cells and facilitates metastasis. (biomedcentral.com)
The stromal component interacts with tumor cells in complex crosstalk to support tumor growth. (biomedcentral.com)
In the present study, we investigated genetically engineered mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) derived from human bone marrow that continuously secrete stromal-derived factor-1α (SDF1α-eMSCs) and demonstrated that intramuscular injection of SDF1α-eMSCs can provide long-term paracrine effects in limb ischemia and effectively contribute to vascular regeneration as well as skeletal muscle repair through increased phosphorylation of ERK and Akt within the SDF1α/CXCR4 axis. (bvsalud.org)
PDAC has a unique microenvironment that consists of abundant cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), which could secrete stromal cell-derived factor 1α (SDF-1α), the ligand of CXCR4. (bvsalud.org)

These glycoproteins are widely involved in important biological processes, such as antigen presentation, cytokine production and glycosylation progression. (frontiersin.org)

p53's ability to inhibit tumors can be considered as a specific outcome of its stress-responsive effects. (nature.com)
High avidity T cells (Tet hi ), if present, were only found in progressing PD-1 refractory tumors. (bmj.com)
Furthermore, tumor heterogeneity has a significant impact on both the immune microenvironment and the infiltration of various immune cells within tumors, such as cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) ( 5 ), myeloid antigen-presenting cells ( 6 ) and cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) ( 7 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
This heterogeneity can vary greatly between different types of immune cells, leading to further complexity in understanding the immune response to tumors. (spandidos-publications.com)
In vivo treatment of MS-444 inhibited HuR cytoplasmic localization and decreased COX-2 expression in tumors. (oncotarget.com)

miRNA family enrichment of interacting miRNA partners of selected RNAs indicated the enrichment of let-7 family. (cancerindex.org)

Besides CD19 + CD138 − B cells, plasmablasts, and plasma cells were enriched in the tongue of mice colonized with C. albicans suggesting a potential role of B lymphocytes during oral fungal colonization. (frontiersin.org)
KRASG12D/iASPPΔ8/Δ8 tumours are well-differentiated classical PCs and their derivative cell lines form subcutaneous tumours in syngeneic and nude mice. (imperial.ac.uk)
The evidence supporting the claims of the authors is solid, although inclusion of the analysis of cell type-specific GLI1-deficient mice would have strengthened the study. (elifesciences.org)

Localization of HuC (ELAVL3) to chromosome 19p13.2 by fluorescence in situ hybridization utilizing a novel tyramide labeling technique. (nih.gov)

2) Determine whether viral infection or IFN beta treatment of cells alters expression of mitochondria-encoded mRNAs and mitochondria respiration. (grantome.com)
We correlated immuno-pathologic features with patients' characteristics including markers of HIV infection.ResultsOf the 66 HIV+ patients, 83% were Hepatitis C virus co-infected with an undetectable HIV viral load (51%) and a median blood CD4+ cell count of 430 cells/mm3 (range 15-908). (imperial.ac.uk)

Cooperative activity of GR with other transcription factors and a plethora of coregulators contribute to the tissue- and context-specific response toward the endogenous and pharmacological glucocorticoids (GCs). (uni-ulm.de)

Sialic-acid-binding immunoglobulin-like lectin (Siglec) that plays a role in mediating cell-cell interactions and in maintaining immune cells in a resting state. (cusabio.com)

After the stimulation of interferon gamma, GPB2 murine is expressed in the innate and adaptive immune cells. (wikipedia.org)
In adaptive immune system replies, the cytokine environment Prinaberel is certainly very important to the activation and differentiation of Compact disc4+ T cells into specific effector T helper (Th) cell subsets (Th1, Th2, Th9, or Th17). (iassist2012.org)
Dendritic cells (DCs) are specialized antigen-presenting cells that have a notable role in the initiation and regulation of innate and adaptive immune responses. (mdpi.com)
However, rather than actively modifying the environment, multiple mechanisms guide the evolution of tumor cells through the selection of subclones with the most adaptive phenotype by environmental factors ( 1 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
In an adaptive immunity OPC rechallenge model using a derivate of the pathogenic C. albicans strain SC5314, CD4 + Th17 cells protect from mucosal Candida infection but can be compensated by other IL-17-producing cells in CD4-deficient hosts ( 15 , 16 ). (frontiersin.org)

Mechanistically, MS-444 disrupted HuR cytoplasmic trafficking and released ARE-mRNAs for localization to P-bodies, but did not affect total HuR expression levels. (oncotarget.com)

Considering the spatial proximity of cells within a tissue sample alongside differential expression analysis offers a more comprehensive picture of disease development, key driver mutations, and possible therapeutic targets. (biochain.com)
DSP enables "visualization" of spatial context in samples that is otherwise missed by bulk RNA sequencing. (biochain.com)
Combining multiomics and spatial findings, the study determined that NKX6.3 likely plays an active role in tumorigenesis, perhaps through chronic inflammation of normal BG cells. (biochain.com)

The positive-sense single-stranded RNA virus, SARS-CoV-2, is a novel virus in the Coronaviridae subfamily and closely related to the genus Betacoronavirus [ 1 ]. (springer.com)

Persistent activation of immune cells leads to the progression of symptoms such as synovitis in RA. (elifesciences.org)
Plenty of research had reported that the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) impacts cancer progression and metastases, as well as affects patient prognoses and outcomes [ 6 , 7 ], which emphasizes the important role of immune cells, vital components of the tumor microenvironment, impacting on patient survival and tumor progression [ 8 , 9 ]. (aging-us.com)

Tumor cells are influenced by both genetic factors and environmental elements in the microenvironment, resulting in a complex regulation process ( 1 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
Various subclonal tumor cells have the ability to modify the tumor microenvironment in order to obtain adaptations. (spandidos-publications.com)
It has been discovered that the genetic structure of tumor cells and the components of the immune microenvironment interact with each other. (spandidos-publications.com)
This interaction results in a more complex alteration of both the heterogeneity of tumor cells and the heterogeneity of the tumor microenvironment. (spandidos-publications.com)
Targeting tumor cells or the tumor microenvironment (TME) are the two major fundamental principles for antitumor therapies. (biomedcentral.com)
Different tumor types can also design their specific microenvironment by encouraging tumor angiogenesis and stimulating peripheral immune tolerance. (biomedcentral.com)
Recent studies suggested that strategies to reduce immunosuppressive cells, promote systemic T-cell responses and lymphocyte trafficking to the tumor microenvironment (TME) may improve efficacy. (bmj.com)
Wang H , Han G , Chen J , . Heterogeneity of tumor immune microenvironment in malignant and metastatic change in LUAD is revealed by single-cell RNA sequencing. (aging-us.com)

The initiation and development of tumor cell is accompanied by elevated stresses, such as oncogene activation, DNA damage, genome instability, and reprogrammed tumor metabolism. (nature.com)
This heterogeneity is referred to as 'polymorphism', as tumor cells rapidly undergo mitosis, resulting in the formation of numerous subclones and uncertainty regarding the state of the genome. (spandidos-publications.com)
Multiregional whole-exome or genome sequencing has revealed that there is significant variation in the genetic makeup of tumor cells across different anatomical locations and within the same tumor over time ( 4 ). (spandidos-publications.com)

These cells participate in pathogen recognition, apoptotic cell clearance, and antigen presentation ( 14 ). (frontiersin.org)
In contrast to other human-pathogenic CoV MERS-CoV can replicate in cells from a broad range of mammalian species (5 6 Its obvious zoonotic and even epidemic potential urges for the recognition of MERS-CoV-specific virulence factors. (biomasswars.com)

In cutaneous diffuse large b-cell lymphoma, a considerable proportion of CD33(+) myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) with PD-L1 coexpression was admixed. (cusabio.com)

GBP2 expression have a strong correlation with T cell metagene which seems an association with the infiltration of T cell in the breast cancer. (wikipedia.org)
Restricted regulation of cytokine expression is essential in order to avoid an damaging and overpowering immune system response. (iassist2012.org)
Tet lo demonstrated precursor exhausted or progenitor T cell phenotypes marked by higher expression of Tcf-1 and T-bet, and lower expression of the exhaustion markers CD39, PD-1 and Eomes compared with Tet hi , whereas Tet hi cells were terminally exhausted. (bmj.com)
RNA sequencing data have been deposited in the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) under accession number GSE221590. (bmj.com)
1, 2 Most studies of MUC1 expression in breast carcinomas have shown that increased membrane MUC1 mucin expression on the apical cell surface is associated with a better prognosis (reviewed in Rahn and colleagues 2 ), whereas circumferential staining in tumour cell cytoplasm is associated with a worse prognosis. (bmj.com)
Treatment of CRC cells with MS-444 resulted in growth inhibition and increased apoptotic gene expression, while similar treatment doses in non-transformed intestinal cells had no appreciable effects. (oncotarget.com)
For protein expression human being embryonic kidney HEK-293T cells were transfected with FuGENE HD (Promega). (biomasswars.com)
To test this hypothesis we will perform the following specific aims: 1) Determine whether decreased expression of mitochondria-encoded RNAs is mediated by Stat1 localized in the mitochondria and identify the domains in Stat1 required for its localization in the mitochondria. (grantome.com)
In this study, GLI1 expression in the synovial tissue of RA patients was positively correlated with RA-related scores and was highly expressed in collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) mouse articular macrophage-like cells. (elifesciences.org)
Then, we constructed and explored CLDN18.2-targeted CAR-T cells with CXCR4 co-expression in treating immunocompetent mouse models of PDAC. (bvsalud.org)
Binding of this protein to CXCR3 results in pleiotropic effects, including stimulation of monocytes, natural killer and T-cell migration, and modulation of adhesion molecule expression. (cancerindex.org)
To assess the potential roles of HDAC4, HDAC4 expression in human chondrosarcoma cells (SW1353) was down-regulated by transfecting small interference RNA (siRNA), thereafter, cells were treated with IL-1β or TNF-α, and the expressions of several matrix-degrading enzymes and anabolic factors were examined by using quantitative PCR. (biomedcentral.com)

BDNF, together with glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) and other supplements, is commonly used to differentiate human pluripotent stem cell (hPSC)-derived neural progenitor cells into neurons (Brafman). (stemcell.com)

In the context of cancer, appropriately activated DCs can induce anti-tumor immunity by activating innate immune cells and tumor-specific lymphocytes that target cancer cells. (mdpi.com)
Nanovaccines can improve antigen presentation, targeted delivery, stimulation of the body's innate immune system, and a strong T-cell response without putting people at risk. (researchgate.net)

One particular gene of interest ( NKX6.3 ) was found by IHC and qPCR to be expressed in DGAST cells but not in normal tissue - suggesting it plays a role in tumorigenesis or precursor events in the tissue prior to tumor formation. (biochain.com)

In cultured human aortic smooth muscle cells, pharmacologic or genetic activation of AMPK inhibited the signal transducer and activator of transcription-1 (STAT1), while inhibition of AMPK had opposite effects. (diabetesjournals.org)
Deletion of AMPKα1 or AMPKα2 resulted in activation of STAT1 and in increases in proinflammatory mediators, both of which were attenuated by administration of STAT1 small interfering RNA or fludarabine, a selective STAT1 inhibitor. (diabetesjournals.org)
Preliminary data presented in this application indicates that Stat1 is constitutively present in the mitochondria of both human and mouse cells. (grantome.com)

Rat Muc4, a homologue of human MUC4, has been extensively studied in mammary gland tumours and has been shown to play an important role in epithelial growth, cell differentiation, cell-cell adhesion, metastasis, and tumour apoptosis. (bmj.com)
During metastasis, tumor-derived exosomes help in the requirement and arrangement of immunosuppressive immune cells for favorable premetastatic niche formation and growth of metastases. (biomedcentral.com)
Firstly, the transcriptome landscape of heterogeneous cell types in LUAD was analyzed and memory T cells, NK cells, and helper T cells were revealed to be the common immune cells in tumor, normal, and metastasis tissue, respectively. (aging-us.com)
In this study, we collected single-cell sequencing datasets of LUAD and applied an integrated bioinformatic method to depict the transcriptome characteristic of LUAD in normal, tumoral, and metastasis condition. (aging-us.com)

Whilst risk factors for HCC including Hepatitis C virus infection can influence T-cell phenotype, it is unknown whether HIV can influence functional characteristics of the T-cell infiltrate.MethodsFrom the Liver Cancer in HIV biorepository, we derived 129 samples of transplanted (76%) or resected (20%) HCC in 8 European and North American centres. (imperial.ac.uk)

To further understand electrotactic migration of tumor cells, we performed RNA-sequencing for pathway discovery to identify signaling that is differentially affected by the exposure of direct-current electrical fields. (nature.com)

These cytokines possess pleiotropic functions, like the regulation of immune cell activation and differentiation [1]. (iassist2012.org)

GBP2 gene is located in a various compartment in the cell: nucleus, cytosol and cytoskeleton and also the dimer GBP2-GBP5 localise to the Golgi apparatus. (wikipedia.org)

The conversation between different immune system cells is certainly mediated partly by cytokines released from cells in response to different stimuli. (iassist2012.org)
Each Th cell subset is certainly seen as a a predominant cytokine design, which determines the function from the cell in immune system responses. (iassist2012.org)
The human immune system is made up of many different types of cells that can be found throughout the body, all playing crucial roles. (sanger.ac.uk)
In cooperation with the other studies it enables mapping of the immune system from development to adulthood, revealing cell types that are lost as we grow up. (sanger.ac.uk)

Finally, bulk RNA-seq was integrated to validate the prognosis effect of the marker gene and the maker gene of M2 macrophage, CCL20, showed the most related to LUAD prognosis. (aging-us.com)
Recently, next-generation sequencing, especially single-cell RNA sequencing is a possible option for the analysis of detailed cell population subtypes of LUAD from bulk tissue samples at single cell level [ 10 , 11 ]. (aging-us.com)

The SR domain of GBP2 is a phosphorylation site for SR specific protein kinase SRPK (sky1) which lead a nuclear localization of GBP2. (wikipedia.org)

Thus, N-809 can potentially stimulate effector immune cells through IL-15 and block immunosuppressive PD-L1. (bmj.com)

Although the conventional activities of p53 such as cell cycle arrest, senescence, and apoptosis are well accepted as the major checkpoints in stress responses, accumulating evidence implicates the importance of other tumor suppression mechanisms. (nature.com)
Is p53-dependent ferroptosis sufficient for tumor suppression in the absence of cell cycle arrest, senescence, and apoptosis? (nature.com)
To date, various mechanisms have been suggested to explain the powerful tumor-suppressive effect of p53, including the induction of cell cycle arrest, senescence, and apoptosis. (nature.com)

RBPJL is specifically expressed in the exocrine pancreas, whereas it is mostly undetectable in pancreatic tumour cell lines. (uni-ulm.de)

Nuclear depletion of RNA-binding protein ELAVL3 (HuC) in sporadic and familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. (nih.gov)
As a consequence of incubation of cells with a variety of cytokines and growth factors the Stats are activated by tyrosine phosphorylation resulting in their nuclear translocation. (grantome.com)

Anatomy39

Organisms17

Diseases2

Chemicals and Drugs96

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment36

Psychiatry and Psychology1

Phenomena and Processes68

Disciplines and Occupations2

Information Science3

Proteins11

Subcellular localization1

Macrophages22

Cellular7

Messenger RNA1

Pathways5

Tissues14

Intracellular6

Cytotoxicity2

Secretion2

Receptor6

MRNA4

Motifs3

Genes5

Inflammatory4

Regulate1

Interferons3

Transcriptional2

Characterization1

Biomarkers1

Lung4

Lymphoid2

Antiviral2

Proliferation4

Stromal4

Glycosylation1

Tumors5

Enrichment1

Mice3

Hybridization1

Viral2

Endogenous1

Immunoglobulin1

Adaptive5

MRNAs1

Spatial3

Single-stranded1

Progression2

Microenvironment8

Genome3

Recognition2

Myeloid-derived suppressor cells1

Expression12

Differentiate1

Innate2

Tumorigenesis1

STAT13

Metastasis4

Liver Cancer1

Pathway1

Differentiation1

Compartment1

Immune system4

Bulk2

Protein kinase1

Effector1

Apoptosis3

Pancreatic1

Nuclear2