Cytogenetic genome sequences paint your chromosomes. Medical search. Frequent questions

Identifying genes on each chromosome is an active area of genetic research. (medlineplus.gov)
Because researchers use different approaches to predict the number of genes on each chromosome, the estimated number of genes varies. (medlineplus.gov)
Chromosome 2 likely contains 1,200 to 1,300 genes that provide instructions for making proteins. (medlineplus.gov)
It is also unknown whether the loss or gain of other genes in chromosome 2 deletions or duplications contribute to the features of MAND. (medlineplus.gov)
In addition, using sequences of three mitochondrial genes, the phylogenetic relationships between every sample with a known karyotype were determined, which revealed significant nucleotide divergence among the karyomorphs. (scielo.br)
In 1944 it was realized that genetic transformation in bacteria was due to DNA and not protein and that DNA was the molecule responsible for heredity in genes and chromosomes [ 8 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
genes are screened by using GAP-PCR, DNA sequencing and Multiplex Ligation-dependent Probe Analysis (MLPA) to detect deletional and non deletional mutations. (med.om)
The first stage involved identifying, in unrelated subjects showing linkage to 2q24-q33, genetic variants in exons and flanking sequence within candidate genes and comparing the frequency of the variants between autistic and unrelated nonautistic subjects. (neurotransmitter.net)
Our results revealed that the FOXP1 and TP63 genes were both relocated along chromosome 3. (biomedcentral.com)
Cytogenetic (FISH) evidence and the genome assembly itself place core MHC genes on as many as four chromosomes with TAP and Class I genes mapping to different chromosomes. (biomedcentral.com)
a collection of DNA sequences that code for genes. (womenshealthsection.com)
A total of 93 BAC clones were used to localize the chromosome complement of the species and 588 genes were annotated, thus almost reaching the 2.5% of the genome sequences. (metasystems-international.com)
In addition, chromosomes with a high number of linked genes that are conserved, even in distant species, were detected. (metasystems-international.com)
The cluster organization of the NLR gene family could favor sequence exchange between NLR genes via recombination, favoring their evolutionary dynamics. (metasystems-international.com)
Mitochondrial genes sequences (especially citochrome b) will be used to reach this aim and, when necessary, sequences of the nuclear gene IRBP (interphotoreceptor retinoid binding protein) will be also included. (fapesp.br)
Others, for example the famous 3RP inversion of Drosophila melanogaster, are several megabases in size, include several percent of the entire genome and span hundreds or thousands of genes. (schleiden-eifel.de)
A comparison of human and chimpanzee genes in the region of this inversion indicates that two genes-ROCK1 and USP14-that are adjacent on chimpanzee chromosome 17 (which corresponds to human chromosome 18) are more distantly positioned on human chromosome 18. (schleiden-eifel.de)
Because even small segments of chromosomes can span many genes, chromosomal disorders are characteristically dramatic and often fatal. (schleiden-eifel.de)

Prenatal cell-free DNA screening (cfDNA) can identify fetal chromosome abnormalities beyond common trisomies. (bvsalud.org)
Diagnostic testing is recommended for prenatal diagnosis of ES and other chromosome abnormalities in pregnancy. (bvsalud.org)
We have used comparative genomic hybridisation to analyse 19 constitutional chromosome abnormalities detected by G band analysis, including seven deletions, five supernumerary marker chromosomes, two interstitial duplications, and five chromosomes presenting with abnormal terminal banding patterns. (bmj.com)
Others have applied CGH to the study of constitutional chromosome abnormalities detected postnatally. (bmj.com)
Although the structural chromosome abnormalities in these cases were too small to identify the origin of the extra genomic material based on banding pattern, none of the abnormalities described by these authors can be considered to be subtle or cryptic. (bmj.com)
for molecular chromosomal abnormalities where chromosome specific probes and paints are used to determine chromosome changes can't be identified by microscopy (high detection and clearer picture of chromosome abnormalities). (med.om)
Compared to autosomes and the X chromosome, relatively few numerical or structural cytogenetic abnormalities have been reported for ECAY. (veteriankey.com)
Changes in the structure or quantity of chromosomes , which are strands of condensed genetic material, are known as chromosomal aberrations or abnormalities. (schleiden-eifel.de)
However, within populations there can be found abnormalities involving the structure or number of chromosomes . (schleiden-eifel.de)

Here, to address this apparent contradiction, we combined genome-graph analysis of short-read whole-genome sequencing (WGS) profiles across thousands of tumours with deep linked-read WGS of 46 BRCA1- or BRCA2-mutant breast cancers. (bvsalud.org)
How did the paradigm shift occur tations involving the whole genome gen s (Burdette, 1955 ). (who.int)
BroadOak's financing further enables the launch of our suite of whole genome, single cell genomic analysis products, bringing previously unheard-of capabilities to the gene editing and gene therapy markets. (kromatid.com)

This was achieved through the use of comparative chromosome painting (CCP) which hybridises fluorescent, chromosome-specific probes derived from B. distachyon to homoeologous meiotic chromosomes of its close relatives. (aber.ac.uk)
Comparison of the human with the sheep genomes by use of human chromosome-specific painting probes. (cnr.it)
Centromere Enumeration Probes (sub-CEPs) from KromaTiD are available for all human chromosomes as standard products. (biocat.com)
Telomeric Probes (sub-Telos) from KromaTiD are available for the p- and q-arms of all human chromosomes as standard products, other sequenced species are available by request. (biocat.com)
Besides premade probes, also genome wide, custom Pinpoint FISH assays engineered to meet your specific requirements are offered. (biocat.com)
Chorus2: design of genome‐scale oligonucleotide‐based probes for fluorescence in situ hybridization. (zhangtaolab.org)
Pinkel D., Detection of aneuploidy and aneuploidy-inducing agents in human lymphocytes using fluorescence in situ hybridization with chromosome specific DNA probes, Mutat. (gse-journal.org)
Eastmond D.A., Rupa D.S., Hasegawa L.S., Detection of hyperdiploidy and chromosome breakage in interphase human lymphocytes following exposure to the benzene metabolite hydroquinone using multicolor fluorescence in situ hybridization with DNA probes, Mutat. (gse-journal.org)
2007). This allowed isolation of ECAY sequences and generation of Y-specific molecular probes. (veteriankey.com)
The probes have been used for molecular hybridizations (fluorescence in situ hybridization, or FISH) in clinical cytogenetics, Y chromosome mapping, sequencing, gene discovery, and comparative Y chromosome studies between the horse and other equids/ Perssodactyls. (veteriankey.com)
1992). Due to the largely heterochromatic nature of ECAY and repeat-biased amplification of DOP-PCR, microdissected probes tend to be enriched with repetitive sequences, while euchromatic sequences remain underrepresented. (veteriankey.com)
Therefore, microdissected Y-chromosome probes are good for FISH but not suitable for cloning and sequencing of the male-specific or pseudoautosomal regions of the chromosome. (veteriankey.com)
myTags Custom probes from Daicel Arbor Biosciences have been used successfully in (F)ISH experiments with a wide range of organisms such as animals, plants, and microbes - and for a variety of research applications such as 3D DNA-FISH, RNA-FISH, chromosome painting and barcoding, and much more. (arborbiosci.com)
Flexible design -We can design your probes from any genome reference sequence(s), and can accommodate any cytogenetics use case, such as chromosome painting or barcoding, RNA-FISH, and much more. (arborbiosci.com)
Both panels include myTags human chromosome 17 centromere probes [ATTO 647N] and chromosomes [stained with Hoescht 33342] pseudo-colored gray. (arborbiosci.com)
myTags (F)ISH probes have been used successfully across a diverse range of cytogenetic applications including 3D DNA-FISH, Cryo-FISH, RNA-FISH, Oligopaints, and chromosome painting for a variety of cell types. (arborbiosci.com)
Our first aim is to develop cytogenetic analysis using conventional staining, banding patterns and fluorescence 'in situ' hybridization (FISH) with specific probes o Brazilian rodents. (fapesp.br)

Chromosome 2 deletions or duplications that cause MAND lead to an abnormal amount of MBD5 protein. (medlineplus.gov)
Micro-Array measurement found similar SV's for:  Duplications  Deletions  Inversions Then, common SV's are now linked to: Autism Schizophrenia Nesthor Perez 2.1 Germline Structural Variation Human Genetics Study purpose: Identify a unique DNA sequencing. (studylib.net)
You can use random sequence oligonucleotides to identify single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) as well as small scale chromosome events, primarily insertions or deletions [ 5,6 ]. (idtdna.com)
The only true Y chromosome structural rearrangements, reported so far, are large-scale ECAY deletions in 64,XY sex reversal mares (Raudsepp et al. (veteriankey.com)
Cytogenetic characterization of the paraben-treated cells demonstrated telomere shortening associated with telomere loss and telomere deletions in L5178Y and TK6 cells and lymphocytes of the paraben sensitive-donor. (metasystems-probes.com)

The future of molecular cytogenetics is likely to depend on a better knowledge of chromosome structure and function. (biomedcentral.com)
Cyril Darlington pioneered plant cytogenetics in 1920-30 and made important advances in our understanding of mechanisms of chiasma formation and the behavior of sex chromosomes in meiosis [ 7 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
One of the purposes of this review is to encourage research into chromosome structure as this could help advance molecular cytogenetics. (biomedcentral.com)

Cytogenetically, the species of the genus Melipona show variation in the amount and distribution of heterochromatin along their chromosomes and can be separated into 2 groups: the first with low content of heterochromatin and the second with high content of heterochromatin. (karger.com)
In general, Melipona species have 2n = 18 chromosomes, and the species of each subgenus share the same characteristics in relation to heterochromatin regions, DAPI/CMA 3 fluorophores, and the number and distribution of 18S rDNA sites. (karger.com)
It is a member of a genus with fewer than 20 species, which have different genome sizes, basic chromosome numbers and ploidy levels. (aber.ac.uk)
The goal of this work was to use cytogenetic and molecular methods to determine the species delimitations and understand the karyoevolution of S . marmoratus using samples collected from distinct Brazilian localities. (scielo.br)
Phylogenomic studies using chromosome painting confirms the high conservation of DNA between even distantly related species [ 13 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
The zebra finch MHC differs markedly from that of the chicken, the only other bird species with a complete genome sequence. (biomedcentral.com)
5. Jianying Sun†, Lixuan Yu†, Zeixi Cai†, An Zhang, Weiwei Jin, Yonghua Han*, Zongyun Li* Comparative karyotype analysis among six Ipomoea species based on two newly identified repetitive sequences 2019 Genome 2019 Feb 20. (ezreregister.com)
The highly skewed distribution of recombination events towards the chromosome ends in zebra finches and other estrildid species may function to minimize crossovers in the inverted regions. (biomedcentral.com)
In some vole species, a bulk of constitutive heterochromatin is coupled to both sex chromosomes. (biomedcentral.com)
aquaculture production has experienced a great increase in the last decade and, consequently, the genome knowledge of the species is gaining attention. (metasystems-international.com)
In this sense, obtaining a high-density genome mapping of the species could offer clues to the aquaculture improvement in those aspects not resolved so far. (metasystems-international.com)
This kind of result widens the knowledge of this species' chromosome dynamics and evolution. (metasystems-international.com)
Unfortunately, since we don't quite know how to construct viable genomes of extinct species, much less grow the creatures themselves, we don't know whether the depiction of the science is right. (genomevisualization.com)
In this group of vertebrates, several new species have been described based on chromosomal characterization, since the importance of cytogenetic data is not only restricted to identifying the diploid number, morphology, structure and organization of sequences on chromosomes. (fapesp.br)
In Brazil, there are several examples that illustrate the importance of cytogenetic and molecular data on the characterization of species among the rodents. (fapesp.br)

examples include aneuploidy (atypical chromosome number), deletion (loss of part of a chromosome), duplications (extra copies of a region of a chromosome), inversion (when part of a chromosome breaks off and reattaches in reverse. (schleiden-eifel.de)

2q37 deletion syndrome is caused by a deletion of genetic material near the end of the long (q) arm of chromosome 2, at a location designated 2q37. (medlineplus.gov)
Genetic changes on the q arm of chromosome 2 have been found to cause SATB2 -associated syndrome. (medlineplus.gov)
Based on the genetic every single human has different genomes. (studylib.net)
Introduction Every single person: Has a different genome sequence: Nesthor Perez Based on each person genetic and genomes, special trait are applied for each disease. (studylib.net)
For the genetic algorithm, see Chromosome (genetic algorithm) . (wikipedia.org)
A chromosome is a long DNA molecule with part or all of the genetic material of an organism. (wikipedia.org)
Wilhelm Roux suggested that each chromosome carries a different genetic configuration , and Boveri was able to test and confirm this hypothesis. (wikipedia.org)
Comparative genomic hybridization (CGH) has been developed to elucidate genome-wide sequence copy number variation (CNV) between different genomes, such as the differential amplification or deletion of genetic regions between tumor DNA and normal DNA from neighboring unaffected tissue [ 7-10 ]. (idtdna.com)
Morgan, Sturtevant, Bridges and Muller constructed the first genetic linkage maps from recombination studies in crosses made in the fruit fly and from cytological preparations of its polytene salivary gland chromosomes [ 4 - 6 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
The sequence of base pairs in DNA/RNA is thus the universal genetic code in all forms of life that descended from a common progenitor 4.5 billion years ago. (biomedcentral.com)
Since the genetic code was deciphered much has been learnt about the chromosome structure shared by all organisms from yeast to human. (biomedcentral.com)
Multicolor banding, chromosomal microarray analysis, chromosome microdissection with reverse painting, and single-copy sequencing of the rearranged chromosome were performed to determine the length and position of the inverted region as well as to rule out a genetic imbalance at the breakpoints. (metasystems-probes.com)
Possible approaches for cytogenomic assessment of couples with balanced chromosome rearrangements and problems like reproductive failures were considered and suggested as useful part of effective genetic counseling. (metasystems-probes.com)

To better understand the karyotype organization in Melipona and the relationship among the subgenera, we mapped repetitive sequences and analyzed previously reported cytogenetic data with the aim to identify cytogenetic markers to be used for investigating the phylogenetic relationships and chromosome evolution in the genus. (karger.com)
The reported cytogenetic data are not conclusive, since they are based on the karyotyping of limited number of cases [ 6 ], and no really specific karyotypic changes have yet been detected. (biomedcentral.com)

Fusion of ancestral chromosomes left distinctive remnants of telomeres, and a vestigial centromere. (wikipedia.org)
[4] Before this happens, each chromosome is duplicated ( S phase ), and both copies are joined by a centromere , resulting either in an X-shaped structure (pictured above), if the centromere is located equatorially, or a two-arm structure, if the centromere is located distally. (wikipedia.org)
The Pinpoint FISH TP53/CEP 17 Probe Kit is intended to detect the copy number of the LSI TP53 probe target located at chromosome 17q11.1 and of the CEP 17 probe target located at the centromere of chromosome 17. (biocat.com)
We now recognize that, following DNA replication, the metaphase chromosome consists of two chromatids held together by a centromere and by cohesin. (biomedcentral.com)
De Novo Centromere Formation in Pericentromeric Region of Rice Chromosome 8. (zhangtaolab.org)
In particular, a distinction between those inversions which cover both chromosome arms and thus include the centromere (pericentric inversions) and those which are restricted to a single chromosome arm (paracentric inversions) has often been made [ 9 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

Finally, the integration of both molecular cytogenetic and phylogenetic approaches allowed the determination of specific chromosomes possibly involved in rearrangements and a better understanding about the evolutionary processes involved in the differentiation of Synbranchus genus. (scielo.br)
CGH has been widely applied to detect gains and losses of DNA sequences on specific chromosomes in the study of solid tumours, 1 but has not been extensively used to study unbalanced constitutional karyotypes. (bmj.com)

for suspected hematological cancer with any acquired chromosome abnormality using bone marrow (diagnostic and prognostic). (med.om)
Similarly, no specific cytogenetic abnormality is associated with the disease, and the absence of a cytogenetic marker does not exclude the diagnosis. (basicmedicalkey.com)
In an organism, any visible abnormality in chromosome number or structure from the diploid set is known as chromosomal aberration . (schleiden-eifel.de)

Cai L., Taylor J. F., Wing R.A., Gallagher D.S., Woo S.S., Davis S.K., Construction and characterization of a bovine bacterial artifical chromosome library, Genomics 29 (1995) 413-425. (gse-journal.org)
KromaTiD is transforming the fields of genome engineering through the discovery and characterization of genomic structural changes that help leading gene editing and pharmaceutical companies advance therapies to market. (kromatid.com)

Reconstructing the evolution of Brachypodium genomes using comparative chromosome painting. (aber.ac.uk)
Comparative FISH mapping of bovid X chromosomes reveals homologies and divergences between the subfamilies bovinae and caprinae. (cnr.it)
Comparative genomic hybridization for molecular cytogenetic analysis of solid tumors. (idtdna.com)

Among the analyzed specimens, a large degree of cytogenetic variation related to diploid numbers and karyotype structure was observed, with karyotypes showing 2n=42, 44 and 46 chromosomes. (scielo.br)
Also, the analyses indicate that chromosomal rearrangements occurred independently within the distinct lineages of S . marmoratus complex, which resulted in the appearance of distinct karyotypic variants in a non-linear fashion related to diploid numbers and in the appearance of similar non-homologous chromosomes. (scielo.br)
If a normal diploid cell is 2n, the chromosome content of a double tetrasomic cell is designated. (schleiden-eifel.de)

Brachypodium distachyon is a model for the temperate cereals and grasses and has a biology, genomics infrastructure and cytogenetic platform fit for purpose. (aber.ac.uk)
In the last 5 years, DNA sequence next-generation technology become commercially available to companies:  Illumina  Life Technology  Complete Genomics Nesthor Perez 1. (studylib.net)
Libert F., Lefort A., Okimoto R., Womack J., Georges M., Construction of a bovine genomic library of large yeast artificial chromosome clones, Genomics 18 (1993) 270-276. (gse-journal.org)
An important breakthrough in horse Y chromosome research came with the availability of new genomics tools and resources, such as large-insert genomic bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) libraries (for review, see Rubes et al. (veteriankey.com)

Our project intends to promote integration among cytogenetic, molecular systematic, classic systematic and biogeography approaches in order to study small rodents of Brazilian ecosystems and to understand their chromosomal and gene diversity as well as their phylogenetic relationships and evolutionary processes. (fapesp.br)
We will also develop molecular studies based on mitochondrial DNA sequences in order to reconstruct phylogenetic relationships and to conduct phylogeographical analysis. (fapesp.br)

It shows 22 homologous autosomal chromosome pairs, both the female (XX) and male (XY) versions of the two sex chromosomes, as well as the mitochondrial genome (at bottom left). (wikipedia.org)

Single additional alterations to del(5q) by balanced chromosome rearrangements were rarely found in myelodysplasia. (biomedcentral.com)
Conversely, balanced chromosome rearrangements were rarely found as a single additional alteration to del (5q). (biomedcentral.com)

The review provides a brief account of the structure of somatic and meiotic chromosomes, stressing the high conservation of structure in plants and animals, with emphasis on aspects that require further research. (biomedcentral.com)
We measured the meiotic recombination rate in two regions of chromosome 5, containing or not an NLR gene cluster. (metasystems-international.com)

In conclusion, our data reveal classes of rearrangements that are specific to BRCA1 or BRCA2 deficiency as a source of cytogenetic aberrations in HR-deficient cells. (bvsalud.org)
Cytogenetic studies of ECs have shown that most tumors have hyperdiploid karyotypes with relatively minor chromosomal aberrations [ 6 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Almost every chromosome is affected by numeric or structural aberrations. (neurotransmitter.net)
Also, the lack of molecular tools for the study of ECAY has considerably hindered the detection of fine-scale cytogenetic aberrations. (veteriankey.com)

Homologous recombination (HR) deficiency is associated with DNA rearrangements and cytogenetic aberrations1. (bvsalud.org)
This might be because rearrangements in the gene-poor Y chromosome have milder effect on the phenotype, as a result of which the affected individuals escape attention and are not subjected to cytogenetic analysis. (veteriankey.com)
In Akodon cursor, the frequencies of chromosome rearrangements along their geographical distribution in Atlantic Forest have provided information about their dispersal pattern and population differentiation. (fapesp.br)
These are some of the most common cytogenetically visible rearrangements in humans - for example , the pericentric inversion of chromosome 9 is found in over. (schleiden-eifel.de)
F. Finally, the effects of chromosomal rearrangements on non-coding elements in the genome can best be studied by deleting an entire locus by. (schleiden-eifel.de)

KromaTiD sub-CEPs make use of pericentric non-repetitive genomic DNA to provide a uniform signal from chromosome to chromosome. (biocat.com)
The sites of DNA attachment to the scaffold have not been sequenced although repetitive elements are said to be involved. (biomedcentral.com)

During metaphase the X-shaped structure is called a metaphase chromosome, which is highly condensed and thus easiest to distinguish and study. (wikipedia.org)

Cytogenet Genome Res (2019) 158 (4): 213-224. (karger.com)

Cancer Genome Sequencing Studies identified Somatic Mutations associated with cancer progression. (studylib.net)
β globin gene sequencing to screen for β thal point mutations and variants like HbS, HbD, HbC, HbE. (med.om)
Inversions are intrachromosomal structural mutations which result in the reversal of gene order (and no change in the genic content of a chromosome) [ 4 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
possibility is that the damage is not induces mutations in a mutation integrated viral genome ( Todaro and repaired at al , and when the cell rep- assay permits it to be classified as Huebner, 1972) , and alteration of im- licates, the DNA polymerase correct- mutagenic. (who.int)
Subsequently, polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based methods and high-throughput sequencing have allowed us to detect smaller discrete mutations in DNA that do not involve changes in large portions of the chromosome. (veteriankey.com)

Because of its large 8 Gb genome, the genomic analysis of rye has lagged behind other cereals. (genomevisualization.com)

Stains used by pathologists to identify bacteria also served to identify chromosomes. (biomedcentral.com)

In total, the array includes 2.7 million markers (of which 750' are SNPs) across the entire genome. (med.om)

This number, along with the visual appearance of the chromosome, is known as the karyotype, and can be found by looking at the chromosomes through a microscope. (wikipedia.org)
The BM karyotype, in addition to 5q deletion, showed an acquired abnormal chromosome 3 (Figure 1 a). (biomedcentral.com)
karyotype is actually our ancestors, with all the produced condition caused by a new combination fusion (DSP7 + DSP19) and the Y/autosome translocation giving increase on the multiple intercourse chromosome method. (torkinibinhibitor.com)

Loss (deletion) or gain (duplication) of a small piece of chromosome 2 at position q23.1 can cause MBD5 -associated neurodevelopmental disorder (MAND). (medlineplus.gov)

Different variants of FISH can be used to retrieve information on genomes from (almost) base pair to whole genomic level, as besides only second and third generation sequencing approaches can do. (frontiersin.org)
Here especially highlighted variations of FISH are molecular combing, chromosome orientation-FISH (CO-FISH), telomere-FISH, parental origin determination FISH (POD-FISH), FISH to resolve the nuclear architecture, multicolor-FISH (mFISH) approaches, among other applied in chromoanagenesis studies, Comet-FISH, and CRISPR-mediated FISH-applications. (frontiersin.org)
CGH is one of several molecular cytogenetic approaches available for further defining and confirming abnormal results detected by conventional banding techniques. (bmj.com)

Improvements in the resolution of chromosome analysis has followed closely the introduction of innovative technology. (biomedcentral.com)
G band cytogenetic analysis often leads to the discovery of unbalanced karyotypes that require further characterisation by molecular cytogenetic studies. (bmj.com)
In particular, G band analysis usually does not show the chromosomal origin of small marker chromosomes or of a small amount of extra material detected on otherwise normal chromosomes. (bmj.com)
Constitutional chromosome studies involving conventional GTG band cytogenetic analysis, however, often show unbalanced karyotypes which cannot be fully defined because the extra material is too small to have a recognisable banding pattern. (bmj.com)
Dorland M., Duijndam W.A.L., Kruip Th.A.M., Donk J.A. van der, Cytogenetic analysis of day-7 bovine embryos by cytophotometric DNA measurements, J. Reprod. (gse-journal.org)
2022). Image analysis workflows to reveal the spatial organization of cell nuclei and chromosomes. (arborbiosci.com)
In the present article, a review and new processed data have allowed to obtain a high-density BAC-based cytogenetic map of beside the analysis of the sequences of such BAC clones to achieve integrative data. (metasystems-international.com)
The Precise Breakpoint Mapping in Paracentric Inversion 10q22.2q23.3 by Comprehensive Cytogenomic Analysis, Multicolor Banding, and Single-Copy Chromosome Sequencing. (metasystems-probes.com)

The sequencing of the zebra finch Taeniopygia guttata genome, in combination with targeted bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) sequencing, has allowed us to characterize an MHC from a highly divergent and diverse avian lineage, the passerines. (biomedcentral.com)

Walter Sutton (left) and Theodor Boveri (right) independently developed the chromosome theory of inheritance in 1902. (wikipedia.org)
In his famous textbook The Cell in Development and Heredity , Wilson linked together the independent work of Boveri and Sutton (both around 1902) by naming the chromosome theory of inheritance the Boveri-Sutton chromosome theory (the names are sometimes reversed). (wikipedia.org)

Introduction A reference genome range from SNPs to Stuctural Variants: Nesthor Perez 1. (studylib.net)

2009), chromosome flow sorting and microdissection technology, and various genomic DNA amplification systems (Telenius et al. (veteriankey.com)

As other non-human extant hominidae have 48 chromosomes it is believed that the human chromosome 2 is the result of the merging of two chromosomes. (wikipedia.org)
Chromosome 2 is the second largest human chromosome, spanning about 243 million building blocks of DNA (base pairs) and representing almost 8 percent of the total DNA in cells. (medlineplus.gov)
GWAS focus on Single Nucleotide Polymorphism: every single human genome is unique. (studylib.net)
ZOO-FISH and R-banding reveal extensive conservation of human chromosome regions in euchromatic regions of river buffalo chromosomes. (cnr.it)
Whole Chromosome Pinpoint FISH Paints from KromaTiD are available for all human chromosomes as standard products. (biocat.com)
Cytogenetic studies of human ECs have not produced very conclusive data, since many of these studies are based on karyotyping of limited number of cases and no really specific karyotypic changes have yet been identified. (biomedcentral.com)
Additionally, there are two reports about infertile stallions having XXY sex chromosomes - an equine counterpart to human Kleinfelter syndrome (Kubien et al. (veteriankey.com)

Some use the term chromosome in a wider sense, to refer to the individualized portions of chromatin in cells, either visible or not under light microscopy. (wikipedia.org)
In higher eukaryotes, the nuclear genome is compartmentalized into distinct chromatin territories to facilitate the regulation of complex processes such as DNA repair, transcription and replication. (biomedcentral.com)
Additionally, by measuring the volume of oligo-FISH painted regions, they were able to calculate levels of chromatin compaction. (arborbiosci.com)

Our data reveal that histone acetylation level affects DNA replication dynamics of the sex chromosomes' heterochromatin and leads to a global reduction in replication fork rate genome wide. (biomedcentral.com)

Nesthor Perez 2.3 Mechanisms of Structural Variation Cytogenetic Techniques: Chromosome Painting: Nesthor Perez 2.3 Mechanisms of Structural Variation Cytogenetic Techniques: Nesthor Perez 2.3 Mechanisms of Structural Variation Cytogenetic Techniques: Fluorescent in Situ Hybridization (FISH): Nesthor Perez (FISH) Nesthor Perez Outline 1. (studylib.net)

As a result, important data about its genome organization and evolution were obtained, such as the lesser gene density of the large metacentric pair compared with the other metacentric chromosomes, which supports the theory of a sex proto-chromosome pair. (metasystems-international.com)
Chromosome piece of art together with Akodon paranaensis chromosome 21 (a smaller metacentric akodont gun) fresh paint exposed full homology with all the tiniest acrocentric Deltamys sp. (torkinibinhibitor.com)

This polymorphism is primarily attributed to the various amount of Y heterochromatin, though earlier studies also suggest variation in the euchromatic portion of the chromosome (Power, 1988). (veteriankey.com)

The list of organisms by chromosome count describes ploidy or numbers of chromosomes in the cells of various plants, animals, protists, and other living organisms. (wikipedia.org)

According to the first model, the extant genome of B. distachyon derives from B. mexicanum or B. stacei by several rounds of descending dysploidy, and the other diploids evolve from B. distachyon via ascending dysploidy. (aber.ac.uk)

[1] [2] These chromosomes display a complex three-dimensional structure, which plays a significant role in transcriptional regulation . (wikipedia.org)
Possible elements involving transcriptional synergy tend to be talked about with regard to enhancement framework and modern day ChIP-sequencing assays, by which only a small fraction in the seen binding websites represent real regulating DNAs. (torkinibinhibitor.com)

Under this generic term, all chromosome-related studies should be summarized to introduce novel ideas and concepts in biology and medicine, thus having an integrative effect on the field. (frontiersin.org)

The aims of this study are not only to reconstruct the evolution of Brachypodium karyotypes to resolve the phylogeny, but also to highlight the mechanisms that shape the evolution of grass genomes. (aber.ac.uk)
DNA sequence Next-Generation reconstruct how cancer genomes are organized at single nucleotide resolution. (studylib.net)

You can view Archer assays alongside IDT's xGen™ NGS portfolio to find the best next generation sequencing solution for your lab. (idtdna.com)

See also -- genome, nucleus. (womenshealthsection.com)

NAHR: Non-Allelic Homologous Recombination:  High sequence similarity. (studylib.net)

To test whether histone acetylation level regulates its replication dynamics, we induced either global hyperacetylation by pharmacological inhibition or by targeting a histone acetyltransferase to the heterochromatic region of the X chromosomes. (biomedcentral.com)

Aided by the rediscovery at the start of the 1900s of Gregor Mendel 's earlier work, Boveri was able to point out the connection between the rules of inheritance and the behaviour of the chromosomes. (wikipedia.org)

The authors recently mapped a susceptibility locus for autism to chromosome region 2q24-q33 (MIM number 606053). (neurotransmitter.net)
Broad range of probeset sizes -Our optimized design and synthesis technologies can accommodate any size target, from a single locus to a full chromosome. (arborbiosci.com)

The allotetraploids arise by interspecific hybridisation and chromosome doubling between B. distachyon and other diploids. (aber.ac.uk)
We discuss internal quality control measures, such as the mismatching of test and reference DNA in order to assess the quality of the competitive hybridisation effect on the X chromosome. (bmj.com)

Here, we show prominent epigenetic marks of the heterochromatic blocks in the giant sex chromosomes of female Microtus cabrerae cells. (biomedcentral.com)
Using pulse-chase replication labeling and time-lapse microscopy, we found that the heterochromatic block enriched for macroH2A/H3K27me3 of the X chromosome is replicated during mid-S-phase, prior to the heterochromatic block enriched for H3K9me3/HP1 beta, which is replicated during late S-phase. (biomedcentral.com)
In conclusion, we mapped major epigenetic modifications controlling the structure of the sex chromosome-associated heterochromatin and demonstrated the occurrence of differences in the molecular mechanisms controlling the replication timing of the heterochromatic blocks at the sex chromosomes in female Microtus cabrerae cells. (biomedcentral.com)

ABL1 fusion, in which a paracentric inversion within the short arm of chromosome 12 (12p) and a translocation between the long arm of a chromosome 9 and the 12p with the inversion were involved. (bvsalud.org)
Emanuel syndrome (ES), caused by an unbalanced translocation between chromosomes 11 and 22, has lacked a reliable prenatal screening option for families with a carrier parent. (bvsalud.org)

what do you call an organism with four sets of chromosomes . (schleiden-eifel.de)

The phylogeny and interspecific relationships of this group have not to date been resolved by sequence comparisons and karyotypical studies. (aber.ac.uk)
Classical and molecular cytogenetic studies in some cattle breeds. (cnr.it)
These studies reaffirmed that chromosome structure and behavior in somatic and germ cell divisions were common to all plants and animals. (biomedcentral.com)
The actual cytogenetic studies declare that the actual Deltamys sp. (torkinibinhibitor.com)

ReadyMade Random Hexamers (randomers) are oligonucleotides composed of all possible sequences for a given length. (idtdna.com)

Pinpoint FISH will run on standard cytogenetic systems, requires no special equipment, and produces data indistinguishable from BAC FISH. (biocat.com)

(g) Schematic representation of the double inversion leading to the formation of the der(3) chromosome. (biomedcentral.com)

Anatomy54

Organisms9

Diseases16

Chemicals and Drugs33

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment29

Psychiatry and Psychology1

Phenomena and Processes161

Disciplines and Occupations3

Anthropology, Education, Sociology and Social Phenomena1

Technology, Industry, Agriculture5

Humanities1

Information Science11

Health Care6

Geographicals1

Genes18

Abnormalities9

Whole-genome3

Probes17

Deletions5

Cytogenetics3

Species15

Duplications1

Genetic13

Reported cytogenetic data2

Centromere6

Specific chromosomes2

Abnormality3

Characterization2

Comparative3

Diploid3

Genomics4

Phylogenetic relationships2

Mitochondrial1

Balanced chromosome rearrangements2

Meiotic2

Aberrations4

Rearrangements5

Repetitive2

Metaphase chromosome1

20191

Mutations5

Genomic analysis1

Identify1

Entire genome1

Karyotype3

Deletion1

Approaches3

Analysis8

Bacterial1

Theory of inheritance2

SNPs1

Microdissection1

Human7

Chromatin3

Reveal1

Hybridization1

Metacentric2

Euchromatic1

Ploidy1

Extant1

Transcriptional2

Biology1

Reconstruct2

Assays1

Nucleus1

Recombination1

Dynamics1

Inheritance1

Locus2

Hybridisation2

Heterochromatic3

Translocation2

Organism1

Studies4

Oligonucleotides1

Data1

Inversion1