AnatomyOrganismsChemicals and DrugsAnalytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and EquipmentPhenomena and ProcessesInformation Science
CysteineCysteine EndopeptidasesCysteine ProteasesCysteine DioxygenaseCysteine Proteinase InhibitorsCysteine SynthaseAmino Acid SequenceDisulfidesMolecular Sequence DataSulfhydryl CompoundsCystineMutagenesis, Site-DirectedCathepsinsCystatinsOxidation-ReductionCathepsin LPapainBinding SitesGlutathioneSulfhydryl ReagentsCathepsin BSequence Homology, Amino AcidModels, MolecularBase SequenceRecombinant ProteinsKineticsCarbon-Sulfur LyasesProtein ConformationMutationEthylmaleimideEscherichia coliSerine O-AcetyltransferaseProtein Structure, TertiarySulfurDithiothreitolMesylatesDithionitrobenzoic AcidAmino Acid SubstitutionCloning, MolecularProtein BindingIodoacetamideStructure-Activity RelationshipReducing AgentsSequence AlignmentSulfinic AcidsSubstrate SpecificityMethionineIodoacetic AcidAmino AcidsCystathionine gamma-LyaseLyasesProtein Structure, SecondaryElectrophoresis, Polyacrylamide GelEndopeptidasesAlkylationThioredoxinsSulfenic AcidsCatalysisAmino Acids, SulfurBacterial ProteinsHydrogen-Ion ConcentrationProtein Processing, Post-TranslationalCatalytic DomainCell Line4-ChloromercuribenzenesulfonateAcetylcysteineOsteonectinChromatography, High Pressure LiquidLipoylationConserved SequenceGlutamate-Cysteine LigaseOxidoreductases Acting on Sulfur Group DonorsProtease InhibitorsEthyl MethanesulfonateIodoacetatesTaurineCystatin BPeptide FragmentsDipeptidesHistidineMass SpectrometrySulfidesCathepsin KDimerizationZincIron-Sulfur ProteinsPeptidesPeroxiredoxinsDNA, ComplementaryCystathionineProtein FoldingMolecular WeightAlanineCrystallography, X-RayCross-Linking ReagentsCystatin ADNA PrimersTrypsinMembrane ProteinsMutagenesis
ResiduesGlycineProteinsProteaseSynthesisGlutathioneMetabolismMethionineAntioxidantOptically activeSulfurEnzymaticEnzymeHydrochlorideSerineCompoundsKeratinSubstratePathwaysDegradationZincCollagen fiberMammalianFattyDetoxificationTryptophanSynthesizeExposurePeptideMechanismsMoleculesBodyActivityBoundCompoundDomainSpeciesDomainsKidneyFamilyInteractionCellDefenseDamageEffectsChildrenPotential
Residues11
  • Further, biophysical experiments suggested that HomA and HomB are dimeric and most likely the cysteine residues present on surface-exposed loops participate in protein-protein interactions. (nature.com)
  • The pre-SET domain, as found in the SUV39 SET family, contains nine invariant cysteine residues that are grouped into two segments separated by a region of variable length. (embl-heidelberg.de)
  • The structured post-SET region brings in the C-terminal residues that participate in S-adenosylmethine-binding and histone tail interactions. (embl-heidelberg.de)
  • 2002). Chemical modifications of three Mouse monoclonal to CD8/CD45RA (FITC/PE) cysteine residues (Cys56, Cys159, and Cys256) in ANT in response both to oxidative stress and thiol reagents were shown to be associated with a conformational switch of the exchanger (Majima et al. (mingsheng88.org)
  • 1996), and cysteine residues in the ANT may represent these thiol organizations that regulate the binding affinity of the ANT for CyP-D and ADP (Halestrap et al. (mingsheng88.org)
  • 1997). As a result, oxidative stress or thiol reagents have been shown to induce cross-linking of two matrix facing cysteine residues (Cys56 and Cys159) of ANT that modulate mPTP activity through the CyP-D-ANT connection (Halestrap and Brenner, 2003). (mingsheng88.org)
  • The enzyme, which participates in the biosynthesis of some ribosomal peptide natural products (RiPPs) such as the trunkamides, converts L-cysteine residues to thiazoline rings. (expasy.org)
  • The enzyme can process multiple L-cysteine residues within the same substrate peptide, and all enzymes characterized so far follow a defined order, starting with the L-cysteine closest to the C-terminus. (expasy.org)
  • It exhibits structural features such as the presence of lectin- and EGF-like domains followed by short consensus repeat (SCR) domains that contain 6 conserved cysteine residues. (nih.gov)
  • One of the disulfides is formed from two adjacent cysteine residues linked by a trans peptide which creates a novel eight-membered ring. (rcsb.org)
  • Each of these tryptophan residues is centered in the beta-strand and participates in the main chain hydrogen bonding of the sheet. (rcsb.org)
Glycine2
  • We selected most pathways BHMT participated on our site, such as Glycine, serine and threonine metabolism, Cysteine and methionine metabolism, Metabolic pathways, which may be useful for your reference. (creativebiomart.net)
  • Cysteine and derivatives are compounds containing cysteine or a derivative thereof resulting from reaction of cysteine at the amino group or the carboxy group, or from the replacement of any hydrogen of glycine by a heteroatom. (cannabisdatabase.ca)
Proteins6
  • The cysteine-rich domain mediates recognition of sulfated N-acetylgalactosamine, which occurs on some extracellular matrix proteins and is the terminal sugar of the unusual oligosaccharides present on pituitary hormones such as lutropin and thyrotropin (6). (rndsystems.com)
  • Cysteine ​​is a part of structural proteins. (bodypak.pl)
  • Keap1 may be viewed as the regulator of Nrf2, and reactive species/free radicals and electrophiles react with the Nrf2-Keap1 complex causing the release of Nrf2, which migrates to the cell nucleus and triggers the expression of selected genes whose products, i.e. proteins with or without enzymatic activity, participate in the antioxidant defense and in the metabolism of xenobiotics in mammals. (databasefootball.com)
  • L-Cysteine is one of the sulfur containing proteinogenic amino acid incorporated into proteins as directed by the genetic code.The thiol-side chain participates in a variety of oxidation/reduction reactions within the cell. (beyotime.com)
  • The side chain participates in the formation of β bonds that modulate the secondary and ternary structure of proteins. (beyotime.com)
  • L-Cysteine is a proteinogenic amino acid incorporated into proteins as directed by the genetic code. (beyotime.com)
Protease6
  • Role of cysteine proteases and protease inhibitors in gastric mucosal damage induced by ethanol or ammonia in the rat. (jci.org)
  • All members of the herpesviridae contain within their large tegument protein a cysteine protease module that displays deubiquitinating activity. (rcsb.org)
  • We report the crystal structure of the cysteine protease domain of murine cytomegalovirus M48 (M48(USP)) in a complex with a ubiquitin (Ub)-based suicide substrate. (rcsb.org)
  • Cysteine protease that plays an essential role in host liquefaction to facilitate horizontal transmission of the virus. (joplink.net)
  • S-Phenyl-L-cysteine is regarded as having potential applicability as an antiretroviral/protease inhibitor for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). (biomedcentral.com)
  • The possibility that S-phenyl-L-cysteine can, like nelfinavir, act as an effective suppressant of HIV protease [ 1 ], has increased the importance of developing more tractable approaches for producing these chemical compounds. (biomedcentral.com)
Synthesis6
  • Also, they actively participate in protein synthesis. (vedantu.com)
  • The potential utility of optically active S -phenyl-L-cysteine has inspired pharmaceutical chemical scientists to explore new and effective routes to its synthesis. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The products from the reaction of thiobenzyl alcohol and ethanethiol were then isolated to demonstrate the enzymatic synthesis of the corresponding S-substituted L-cysteines [ 11 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Our findings indicate that the tryptophan synthase from E. coli k-12 MG1655 effectively catalyses the synthesis of L-cysteine from L-serine and sodium hydrosulfide [ 12 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Participates in the synthesis of glutathione. (bodypak.pl)
  • Glutathione also participates in fatty acid synthesis and amino acid transport across the cell membrane. (brightpathwellness.com)
Glutathione6
Metabolism1
Methionine4
Antioxidant3
  • N‑acetyl cysteine (NAC) has been shown to exhibit antioxidant effects in vitro. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • Supports protection against free radicals making an excellent addition to a strong antioxidant - Cysteine. (bodypak.pl)
  • NAC (N-acetyl-cysteine) NAC, a sulfur-containing derivative of the amino acid L-cysteine, supports antioxidant and detoxification mechanisms in the body. (brightpathwellness.com)
Optically active3
  • In the present study, optically active S -phenyl-L-cysteine was prepared in a highly efficient manner from inexpensive bromobenzene using tryptophan synthase through a chemoenzymatic method. (biomedcentral.com)
  • This approach resulted in high yields of optically active S -phenyl-L-cysteine (5) (Fig. 1 ). (biomedcentral.com)
  • An optically active form of cysteine having L-configuration. (cannabisdatabase.ca)
Sulfur2
Enzymatic1
  • Within humans, L-cysteine participates in a number of enzymatic reactions. (cannabisdatabase.ca)
Enzyme4
  • In enzymology, a cysteine-S-conjugate N-acetyltransferase (EC 2.3.1.80) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction acetyl-CoA + an S-substituted L-cysteine ⇌ {\displaystyle \rightleftharpoons } CoA + an S-substituted N-acetyl-L-cysteine Thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are acetyl-CoA and S-substituted L-cysteine, whereas its two products are CoA and S-substituted N-acetyl-L-cysteine. (wikipedia.org)
  • The systematic name of this enzyme class is acetyl-CoA:S-substituted L-cysteine N-acetyltransferase. (wikipedia.org)
  • which is mediated by the enzyme cysteine dioxygenase type 1. (cannabisdatabase.ca)
  • In addition, L-cysteine can be converted into hydrogen sulfide and pyruvic acid through the action of the enzyme cystathionine gamma-lyase. (cannabisdatabase.ca)
Hydrochloride1
  • In another case, S -phenyl-L-cysteine was prepared by reacting L-cysteine hydrochloride and a soluble single-valent copper (Cu) salt with the diazonium salt of phenylamine [ 7 , 8 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Serine2
  • Through this approach, S -phenyl-L-cysteine was chemoenzymatically synthesized using tryptophan synthase from thiophenol and L-serine as the starting material. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In the present study, S -phenyl-L-cysteine was synthesized from thiophenol and L-serine using a recombinant tryptophan synthase (E.C. 4.2.1.20) obtained from E. coli k-12 MG1655. (biomedcentral.com)
Compounds1
  • L-Cysteine, also known as C or e 920, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as cysteine and derivatives. (cannabisdatabase.ca)
Keratin1
  • Hair contains a high content of the protein, keratin, which is rich in the amino acid, cysteine. (cdc.gov)
Substrate1
  • M48(USP) adopts a papain-like fold, with the active-site cysteine forming a thioether linkage to the suicide substrate. (rcsb.org)
Pathways2
  • Further, there are signaling pathways that participate in regulation, such as Wnt channel, mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) channel, bone morphogenetic protein (BMPs) channel, peroxisome proliferator activated-receptors (PPARs) channel, and Notch channel. (frontiersin.org)
  • May participate in the GZMB apoptotic pathways. (lu.se)
Degradation1
  • May participate in the degradation of foreign protein expressed by the baculovirus system (By similarity). (joplink.net)
Zinc1
  • These 9 cysteines coordinate 3 zinc ions to form to form a triangular cluster, where each of the zinc ions is coordinated by 4 four cysteines to give a tetrahedral configuration. (embl-heidelberg.de)
Collagen fiber2
  • OB release bone matrix rich in collagen type I and participate in the hydroxyapatite crystal formation in collagen fiber deposition process, namely bone mineralization process, eventually forming new bone. (frontiersin.org)
  • It participates in formation of collagen fiber structure. (physiomart.gr)
Mammalian2
  • The extracellular domain of CD6 is significantly related to the extracellular domain of the human and mouse T cell antigen CD5, the cysteine-rich domain of the bovine and mouse type I macrophage scavenger receptor, the extracellular domain of the sea urchin spermatozoa protein that crosslinks the egg peptide speract, the mammalian complement factor 1, and the human lung tumor antigen L3. (embl.de)
  • Mammalian liver can synthesize L-cysteine and is a semi-essential amino acid. (beyotime.com)
Fatty1
  • We participate in single and multi-center treatment trials testing non-pharmacological (cognitive behavioural therapy for psychosis) and pharmacological (omega-3 fatty acids, n-acetil cysteine) interventions for treating symptoms of psychosis and improving functional outcomes, preventing grey matter loss following first episode of psychosis, or preventing transition to psychosis in high risk individuals. (clinicbarcelona.org)
Detoxification1
  • The enzymes convert reactive species in non-toxic molecules and also participate in the process of detoxification (which facilitates the biotransformation and excretion of "strange" molecules to the cells). (databasefootball.com)
Tryptophan1
Synthesize1
  • A subsequent effort to synthesize S -phenyl-L-cysteine from S -bromo phenyl-L-cysteine and mercapturic acid was successful [ 9 , 10 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Exposure2
  • These results suggest that cysteine P may be activated in the rat stomach after E or A exposure, and cysteine P may have a role in the pathogenesis of E- or A-induced gastric HML. (jci.org)
  • Hair arsenic concentrations were not elevated in the 28 children and 4 adults who participated in this exposure investigation . (cdc.gov)
Peptide1
  • The sea ucrhin egg peptide speract contains 4 repeats of SR domains that contain 6 conserved cysteines. (embl.de)
Mechanisms1
  • Endogenous PI may also participate in the mechanisms of gastric mucosal lesions and gastroprotection. (jci.org)
Molecules1
  • Adhesion molecules participate in the interaction between leukocytes and the endothelium and appear to be involved in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. (nih.gov)
Body3
  • and more (GSH participates in all sorts of redox activities throughout the body, which cysteine does not). (boardhost.com)
  • Outside of the human body, L-Cysteine is found, on average, in the highest concentration within a few different foods, such as sunflowers, soy beans, and watermelons and in a lower concentration in common wheats, dates, and beers. (cannabisdatabase.ca)
  • L-cysteine speeds up the healing process of the body and reduces inflammatory reactions. (beyotime.com)
Activity2
  • Mucosal presence and activity of cysteine PI and cathepsin B have also been investigated in the pathogenesis of chemically induced HML. (jci.org)
  • 1993). Two unique thiol organizations have been recognized to participate Trichostatin-A supplier in the modulation of mPTP activity (Costantini et al. (mingsheng88.org)
Bound1
  • The arsenic covalently binds to the sulfhydral group in cysteine, thereby becoming irreversibly bound to the hair. (cdc.gov)
Compound3
Domain2
  • It has an intracellular N-terminal domain, a transmembrane domain, and an extracellular region with a short spacer, an 89 Gly-Xaa-Yaa repeat-containing collagenous domain, and a C-terminal cysteine-rich domain. (embl.de)
  • Its extracellular region is composed of an N-terminal cysteine-rich domain, followed by a single fibronectin type II repeat, and eight C-type lectin carbohydrate recognition domains (CRD) (3‑5). (rndsystems.com)
Species1
  • L-Cysteine exists in all living species, ranging from bacteria to humans. (cannabisdatabase.ca)
Domains2
  • Most SRCR domains have six to eight cysteines that participate in intradomain disulfide bonds. (embl.de)
  • Bruchle NO, Frank J, Frank V, Senderek J, Akar A, Koc E, Rigopoulos D, van Steensel M, Zerres K, Bergmann C. RSPO4 is the major gene in autosomal-recessive anonychia and mutations cluster in the furin-like cysteine-rich domains of the Wnt signaling ligand R-spondin 4. (medlineplus.gov)
Kidney1
  • L-Cysteine is a drug which is used for the prevention of liver damage and kidney damage associated with overdoses of acetaminophen. (cannabisdatabase.ca)
Family1
  • Pfs48/45 and Pfs230 participate in the six-cysteine theme gene family members made up of 10 associates. (kentlandsinitiative.org)
Interaction2
  • The Ub core participates in an extensive hydrophobic interaction with an exposed beta hairpin loop of M48(USP). (rcsb.org)
  • Other evidence supports that ferroptosis is participated osteoporotic bone remodeling, predominantly affecting the interaction between bone formation and bone resorption, explicitly bone resorption exceeded bone formation. (frontiersin.org)
Cell1
  • The thiol-side chain participates in a variety of oxidation/reduction reactions within the cell. (beyotime.com)
Defense1
  • Their ability to bind non-lipoprotein ligands suggests that they participate in other macrophage-associated host defense activities. (embl.de)
Damage1
  • L-cysteine can prevent DNA damage during cryopreservation and preserves semen quality. (beyotime.com)
Effects1
  • S-Phenyl-L-cysteine exhibits the dual advantages of showing long-term effects and having a chemical configuration that is comparable to the anti-AIDS drug nelfinavir. (biomedcentral.com)
Children2
  • All children who were enrolled at the CDC at the time of the EI were eligible to participate. (cdc.gov)
  • addressed to parents or guardians of participating children influence the durability of composite resins. (bvsalud.org)
Potential1
  • This could make L-cysteine a potential biomarker for the consumption of these foods. (cannabisdatabase.ca)