Cyclin dependent protein kinase regulation cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor. Medical search. Frequent questions

Diagnostic subsets of coexpressed genes reflected signaling activity, cross talk, and overlap of multiple mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathways. (nih.gov)
Regulation of mitogen-activated protein kinase activation by protein kinases A and C in a cell-free system. (ox.ac.uk)
Previously pp60v-src, cyclin A, p39mos, and maturation-promoting factor (composed of Cdc2 and cyclin B) have been shown to activate mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and MAPK kinase (MEK) in cell-free extracts of Xenopus oocytes. (ox.ac.uk)

Dephosphorylation of inhibitor-1 at Thr 35 is equivalent to inactivation of the protein, as inhibitor-1 only serves as an inhibitor of PP-1 when phosphorylated by cAMP-dependent kinase (PKA) at Thr 35 . (elsevierpure.com)

By comparing the p53 protein level and its ability to transactivate target genes Waf1/Cip1 and mdm2 in both T22 and NIH3T3 cells irradiated with u.v., a discordance between the p53 protein level and its transcriptional activity was observed. (ox.ac.uk)
The observed lack of correlation between the elevated p53 and beta-galactosidase and expression in u.v. irradiated cells strongly indicates that the ability of p53 to transactivate its target genes is not simply correlated to its protein level. (ox.ac.uk)
The encoded protein responds to diverse cellular stresses to regulate expression of target genes, thereby inducing cell cycle arrest, apoptosis, senescence, DNA repair, or changes in metabolism. (cubebiosystems.com)
Involved in cell cycle regulation as a trans-activator that acts to negatively regulate cell division by controlling a set of genes required for this process. (cubebiosystems.com)
One of the activated genes is an inhibitor of cyclin-dependent kinases. (cubebiosystems.com)
Like Rb protein, many of the proteins encoded by tumor suppressor genes act at specific points in the cell cycle. (medscape.com)
TP53 activates the expression of genes involved in apoptosis, cell cycle regulation (p21), and MDM2. (medscape.com)
Another important class of tumor suppressor genes involved in cell cycle control and in the generation of human cancers is the cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) inhibitors. (medscape.com)
Several genetic alterations have been described in SCCHN, including mutations in the p53 tumor suppressor gene and mutations in genes that encode cell cycle proteins such as p16 and cyclin D1. (oncotarget.com)

Cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor proteins work by inactivating the CDKs by degradation. (wikipedia.org)
Human cells contain many different cyclins binding to different CDKs. (wikipedia.org)
CDKs and cyclins appear and activate at specific cell cycle phases. (wikipedia.org)
Further research has demonstrates that Cdks, cyclins and CKIs play essential roles in processes such as transcription, epigenetic regulation, metabolism, stem cell self-renewal, neuronal functions and spermatogenesis. (wikipedia.org)
A selectivity study done on 32 kinases showed that, compared with variolin B, meriolins display enhanced specificity toward CDKs, with marked potency on CDK2 and CDK9. (rcsb.org)
The cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) inhibitors p21 and p16 inhibit the activity of CDKs, such as CDK4. (medscape.com)
Cell-cycle events are controlled by cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs), whose periodic activation is driven by cyclins. (nature.com)

Cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor proteins use ATP as a phosphate contributor to phosphorylate serine and threonine residues. (wikipedia.org)
In the cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) family or CDK, Cyclin, and CKIs, serine/threonine kinases play an integral role in regulating the eukaryotic cell cycle. (wikipedia.org)
Cdk5 is named after its structural similarity to members of the serine/threonine cyclin-dependent kinase family. (frontiersin.org)
Five members of the Plk family have been discovered in humans and these serine/threonine kinases have emerged as key players by performing crucial functions in the cell cycle, DNA damage response and neuron biology [ 2 - 6 ]. (oncotarget.com)

The structures of pCDK2/cyclin A/variolin B and pCDK2/cyclin A/meriolin 3 complexes reveal that the two inhibitors bind within the ATP binding site of the kinase, but in different orientations. (rcsb.org)
Nuclear import of Cdk/cyclin complexes: identification of distinct mechanisms for import of Cdk2/cyclin E and Cdc2/cyclin B1. (duke.edu)
Consequently, most cyclin-dependent kinase (Cdk)/cyclin complexes are localized to the nucleus when active. (duke.edu)
Drosophila Cdi4 is a p21/p27/p57-like cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor with specificity for cyclin E complexes. (fhcrc.org)
The p16INK4A protein is a cell-cycle inhibitor that acts by inhibiting activated cyclin D:CDK4/6 complexes, which play a crucial role in the control of the cell cycle by phosphorylating Rb protein. (medscape.com)
A- and B-type cyclins differentially modulate substrate specificity of cyclin-cdk complexes. (nature.com)

As a result, it negatively regulates cyclin-D-dependent phosphorylation of the retinoblastoma (pRb) gene product, thus blocking cell-cycle progression from G 1 -to S-phase ( 2 - 4 ). (iiarjournals.org)

Estrogen receptor-alpha (ERalpha) promotes proliferation of breast cancer cells, whereas tumor suppressor protein p53 impedes proliferation of cells with genomic damage. (nih.gov)
Therefore, we conclude that miR-208b participates in the cell cycle and proliferation regulation of cattle primary skeletal muscle cell through the posttranscriptional downregulation of CDKN1A. (engreen.com.cn)
In addition, compared to the mono-treatment, combination of Polo-like kinase 1 inhibition with anti-mitotic or DNA damaging agents boosts more severe mitotic defects, effectually triggers apoptosis and strongly inhibits proliferation of cancer cells with functional p53. (oncotarget.com)
The prolyl oligopeptidase inhibitor SUAM-14746 attenuates the proliferation of human breast cancer cell lines in vitro. (cancerindex.org)
The effects of POP inhibition and knockdown on the proliferation of cultured human estrogen receptor-positive (ER+) MCF7 and T47D, and ER-negative (ER-) MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cell lines and the MCF12A non-tumorigenic epithelial cell line were tested by analyzing their influence on cell proliferation (WST-1 assay), cell viability (trypan blue exclusion assay), and cell cycle arrest (cell cycle analysis, cell cycle regulator proteins expression). (cancerindex.org)
The pharmaceutical industry currently uses cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) inhibitors to target cell proliferation for cancer chemotherapy. (foxchase.org)
TetOp16 transgenic mice offer a way to selectively manipulate cell proliferation by allowing for temporal and spatial regulation of p16INK4a expression. (foxchase.org)
Recently, the signaling proteins involved in LPLI-induced proliferation merit special attention, some of which are regulated by mitochondrial signaling. (biomedcentral.com)
Hepatocyte growth factor receptor (c-Met), a member of tyrosine protein kinase receptors (TPKR), is phosphorylated during LPLI-induced proliferation, but tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) receptor has not been affected. (biomedcentral.com)
Recently, a large number of signaling proteins reported play an important key role in the process of LPLI-induced cell proliferation, probably due to the fact that the molecular events they are involved in are the basic response of the cells to extracellular stimuli. (biomedcentral.com)
Similarly, depletion in the STRIPAK component STRIP1 affects activation of GCKIII kinases and cell cycle disruption through elevated expression of cyclin dependent kinase inhibitors p21 and p27, enhanced levels of which lead to a protective effect from therapeutic treatments and increased proliferation. (lu.se)

This gene encodes a tumor suppressor protein containing transcriptional activation, DNA binding, and oligomerization domains. (cubebiosystems.com)
The related protein in chicken can bind to c-Jun and can repress c-Jun-mediated transcriptional activation. (nih.gov)

Defects of the retinoblastoma protein (pRb)/cyclin-D1/p16 pathway have been shown to play a critical role in the development of human malignancies. (iiarjournals.org)
The pp60v-src pathway is dependent on a functional Ras signal whereas the cyclin/maturation-promoting factor pathway is not. (ox.ac.uk)
DNA damage increases TP53 levels through an ATM-dependent pathway. (medscape.com)

Phosphorylation at CDK1, CDK4, and CDK9 sites on, respectively, protein phosphatase 1alpha, retinoblastoma protein, and RNA polymerase II is inhibited in neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells exposed to meriolins. (rcsb.org)
[ 1 ] His prediction was subsequently supported by the cloning of the retinoblastoma tumor suppressor gene ( RB1 ) and by functional studies of the retinoblastoma protein, Rb. (medscape.com)
The CDK4-cyclinD complex normally phosphorylates the retinoblastoma protein (Rb protein), leading to release of the E2F transcription factor and cell cycle progression. (medscape.com)

Activation of the Cyclin B/Cdc2 kinase complex triggers entry into mitosis in all eukaryotic cells. (duke.edu)
Fisher, D. L. & Nurse, P. A single fission yeast mitotic cyclin B p34 cdc2 kinase promotes both S-phase and mitosis in the absence of G1 cyclins. (nature.com)

[ 2 ] Options for second-line therapy in patients with relapsed/refractory disease include chemotherapy-free regimens with biologic targeted agents such as covalent Bruton tyrosine kinase (BTK) inhibitors, lenalidomide,venetoclax, and chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy. (medscape.com)

Based on this function, p27 is described as a tumor suppressor protein. (medlineplus.gov)

CKIs are vital proteins within the control system that point out whether the process of DNA synthesis, mitosis, and cytokines control one another. (wikipedia.org)
Reversible phosphorylation of nuclear proteins is required for both DNA replication and entry into mitosis. (duke.edu)
Polo-like kinase 1, a pivotal regulator of mitosis and cytokinesis, is highly expressed in a broad spectrum of tumors and its expression correlates often with poor prognosis, suggesting its potential as a therapeutic target. (oncotarget.com)
Upon treatment with Plk1 inhibitors, p53 in tumor cells is activated and induces strong apoptosis, whereas tumor cells with inactive p53 arrest in mitosis with DNA damage. (oncotarget.com)
This phase is also characterized by the synthesis of other proteins required for the upcoming M phase (mitosis and the cytokinesis). (androbose.in)

Apoptosis triggered by meriolins is accompanied by rapid Mcl-1 down-regulation, cytochrome c release, and activation of caspases. (rcsb.org)
LincRNA-p21 participates in TP53-dependent transcriptional repression leading to apoptosis and seem to have to effect on cell-cycle regulation. (cubebiosystems.com)
Treating SCCHN cell lines with a pan-Aurora kinase inhibitor resulted in defective cytokinesis, polyploidy and apoptosis, which was effective irrespective of the EGFR status. (oncotarget.com)
Our results demonstrate that combined targeting of EGFR and Aurora kinases represents a therapeutic means to activate cell cycle checkpoints and apoptosis in SCCHN. (oncotarget.com)

ARA55, ARA54, ARA70, BRCA1, and heat-shock proteins) may allow cells to become independent of androgens (intrinsic activation). (aacrjournals.org)
The uPA-dependent plasminogen activation in G93A mice at endstage increased markedly compared with controls and immunostaining of the spinal cord from G93A mice revealed increased uPAR immunostaining in neurons. (bvsalud.org)
These results suggest that independent pp60v-src and PKC pathways converge at Ras and that PKA acts to block MAPK activation by both Ras-dependent and -independent signals. (ox.ac.uk)
Purpose: CDK-activation kinase (CAK) is required for the regulation of the cell-cycle and is a trimeric complex consisting of Cyclin Dependent Kinase 7 (CDK7), Cyclin H and the accessory protein, MAT1. (imperial.ac.uk)
LPLI-induced cell cycle progression can be regulated by the activation or elevated expressions of cell cycle-specific proteins. (biomedcentral.com)

A cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor protein (also known as CKIs, CDIs, or CDKIs) is a protein which inhibits the enzyme cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) and Cyclin activity by stopping the cell cycle if there are unfavorable conditions, therefore, acting as tumor suppressors. (wikipedia.org)
p53 represses the promoter of Polo-like kinase 1, whereas Polo-like kinase 1 inhibits p53 and its family members p63 and p73 in cancer cells lacking functional p53. (oncotarget.com)

Thus, inhibitor-1 serves as a critical junction between kinase- and phosphatase-signaling pathways, linking PP-1 to not only PKA and calcineurin but also Cdk5. (elsevierpure.com)

Inhibitor-1, the first identified endogenous inhibitor of protein phosphatase 1 (PP-1), was previously reported to be a substrate for cyclin-dependent kinase 5 (Cdk5) at Ser 67 . (elsevierpure.com)
GSK3β and Cdk5 are the two kinases in the center of research on Alzheimer's disease (AD), involved in the pathological symptoms of AD, Aβ plaque formation, tau hyperphosphorylation and neurodegeneration. (frontiersin.org)
So far, both kinases have mostly been examined in isolation, leading to a schism of the research field into defenders of the GSK3β-versus the Cdk5 hypotheses of AD. (frontiersin.org)
Inhibition of Cdk5 by olomoucine enhanced phosphorylation of kinesin, suggesting that the effect was mediated by negative regulation of other kinases. (frontiersin.org)
2005. Phosphorylation of spinophilin by ERK and cyclin-dependent PK 5 (Cdk5). . (cornell.edu)

Furthermore, inhibition of endogenous PKA by the heat-stable PKA inhibitor is sufficient to stimulate MAPK activity in these extracts in the absence of protein synthesis and without dependence on a functional Ras protein. (ox.ac.uk)
Thus, inactive p53 is not associated with a susceptible cytotoxicity of Polo-like kinase 1 inhibition and could rather foster the induction of polyploidy/aneuploidy in surviving cells. (oncotarget.com)
Combined Aurora kinase and EGFR targeting using a monoclonal anti-EGFR antibody was more effective compared to single EGFR and Aurora kinase inhibition. (oncotarget.com)

Cell cycle progression is stopped by Cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor protein at the G1 phase. (wikipedia.org)
Cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor proteins are essential in the regulation of the cell cycle. (wikipedia.org)
If cell mutations surpass the cell cycle checkpoints during cell cycle regulation, it can result in various types of cancer. (wikipedia.org)
These cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor protein emerges only in their specific cell cycle phase. (wikipedia.org)
Each Cyclin/CDK complex are specific to the part of the cell cycle phase. (wikipedia.org)
Each CDK and cyclin can be identified based on the location of the cell cycle. (wikipedia.org)
The discovery of Cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor proteins in 1990 opened the door in how we think about cell cycle control. (wikipedia.org)
However, if CKI's mutations don't stop the cell, the Cyclin D is transcribed. (wikipedia.org)
The active cyclin/CDK complex then phosphorylates proteins, activates them, and sends the cell into the next phase of the cell cycle. (wikipedia.org)
CDKN1C , or cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1C, is a gene that encodes a protein implicated in cell cycle regulation. (medscape.com)
In this publication, the authors took a medicinal chemistry approach to identify an inhibitor for cyclin-dependent kinase 11 (CDK11), an understudied protein with important roles in cell cycle regulation, neuronal function and cell death. (fredhutch.org)
Discordance between the transcriptional activity of p53 and its protein level was further studied using a cell line expressing the p53 reporter plasmid RGC delta fosLacZ. (ox.ac.uk)
This gene encodes the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p21(WAF1/Cip1), a factor implicated in cell cycle, senescence, and cancer. (ed.ac.uk)
The two SDHD-ESR cell lines also showed accumulation of this protein. (ed.ac.uk)
Prevents CDK7 kinase activity when associated to CAK complex in response to DNA damage, thus stopping cell cycle progression. (cubebiosystems.com)
De-regulation of cell-cycle control, in particular G 1 - to S-phase transition, is implicated in the pathogenesis of most types of human cancer, including ovarian cancer ( 1 ). (iiarjournals.org)
The tumor suppressor gene p16/cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor-2A (CDKN2A) is located within the chromosomal region 9p21 and encodes a cell-cycle protein that is an inhibitor of cyclin-dependent kinases (CDK)-4 and -6. (iiarjournals.org)
This is due to irregularities in the regulation of cell division and an increased frequency of mutagenesis in actively dividing cells. (vechnayamolodost.ru)
Regulation can occur through modification of the p27 protein's structure, its interaction with other proteins, or its localization within the cell. (medlineplus.gov)
For example, when p27 is held (sequestered) in the fluid that surrounds the nucleus (the cytoplasm) instead of being transported into the nucleus, the protein is unavailable to block cell cycle progression. (medlineplus.gov)
studies suggest that certain endocrine cells may be particularly dependent on the p27 protein to control cell division. (medlineplus.gov)
Transcripts found in unfertilized oocytes also encoded a large number of proteins implicated in cell adherence, tight junction and focal adhesion, suggesting high complexity in terms of structure and cellular interactions in embryos prior to midblastula transition (MBT). (biomedcentral.com)
The oocyte is loaded with maternal mRNAs and proteins that control the cell maintenance and fate and the formation of the body plan prior to the onset of zygotic genome expression [ 3 , 4 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
In our study, cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1A (CDKN1A), which participates in cell cycle regulation, was predicted and then validated as one target gene of miR-208b. (engreen.com.cn)
These results indicated that miR-208b participates in the cell cycle regulation of cattle primary myoblast cells. (engreen.com.cn)
Glucosamine entering the cell is also converted to glucosamine-6-phosphate using GNK (GlcNAc kinase). (biomedcentral.com)
Western blot analysis of recombinant Akt1, Akt2 and Akt3 proteins, and extracts from various cell lines, using Akt (pan) (C67E7) Rabbit mAb. (cellsignal.com)
The eukaryotic cell cycle is controlled by a network of interacting regulatory proteins. (fhcrc.org)
Because Cdi4 was originally identified by its ability to interact with a Drosophila cyclin-dependent kinase, the finding that it interacts with cyclin E strengthened the notion that it functions in cell cycle regulation. (fhcrc.org)
The proper development and homeostasis of tissues and organs at the cellular level are ensured by a finely and timely regulated progression of the cell division cycle, which requires the perfectly harmonized activity of numerous protein kinases/phosphatases and regulatory proteins. (mdpi.com)
Among them, cyclin-dependent kinases (CDK)s with their modulatory partners, cyclins, represent the major players acting with switch-like behavior to turn on cell growth, through the control of chromatin replication and condensation, gene transcription, assembly of the mitotic spindle, and proper cytodieresis. (mdpi.com)
Deregulation of cell cycle and transcriptional control are general features of tumor cells, highlighting the potential for the use of CDK7 inhibitors as novel cancer therapeutics. (imperial.ac.uk)
For example, the TP53 gene, located on chromosome 17, encodes a 53-kd nuclear protein that functions as a cell cycle checkpoint. (medscape.com)
The p19ARF protein, which is encoded by the same locus as p16, also leads to cell cycle arrest by inhibiting the ability of MDM2 to inactivate TP53. (medscape.com)
The protein p16INK4a is a potent cell cycle inhibitor and is a relatively selective CDK inhibitor. (foxchase.org)
2003), Depletion of the cell-cycle inhibitor p27(Xic1). (xenbase.org)
Depletion of the cell-cycle inhibitor p27 ( Xic1 ) impairs neuronal differentiation and increases the number of ElrC (+) progenitor cells in Xenopus tropicalis. (xenbase.org)
To investigate whether p27(Xic1) is necessary for cell cycle exit and/or neuronal differentiation, we used antisense morpholino oligos (MO) to knockdown the protein levels in vivo. (xenbase.org)
Both of these altered proteins lead to the eventual ability of cancer cell recurrence. (lu.se)
The tumour microenvironment (TME) contains several other cell types apart from cancer cells which play a role not only in the regulation of the environment but in response to treatments. (lu.se)

Some mutations impair the protein's ability to interact with regulatory proteins, while others lead to the production of an unstable version of p27 that is quickly broken down. (medlineplus.gov)
The phosphorylation of the sodium-hydrogen exchanger regulatory factor-1 (NHERF-1) plays a key role in the regulation of renal phosphate transport by parathyroid hormone (PTH) and dopamine. (duke.edu)
Our results demonstrate that interaction mating assays using large informative panels of proteins can aid the analysis of regulatory networks by generating and constraining hypotheses that guide further work. (fhcrc.org)

Role in cancer: Cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors (CKIs) mutants are frequent in human cancers. (wikipedia.org)

This locus, however, also encodes a protein from an alternative reading frame, designated p19ARF. (medscape.com)

Here we compare the specificity of two budding yeast cyclins, the S-phase cyclin Clb5 and the M-phase cyclin Clb2, in the phosphorylation of 150 Cdk1 (Cdc28) substrates. (nature.com)
Miller, M. E. & Cross, F. R. Cyclin specificity: how many wheels do you need on a unicycle? (nature.com)
Brown, N. R., Noble, M. E., Endicott, J. A. & Johnson, L. N. The structural basis for specificity of substrate and recruitment peptides for cyclin-dependent kinases. (nature.com)

Since the discovery of Polo kinase in Drosophila in 1988 [ 1 ], the Polo-like kinase (Plk) family has been attracting enormous attention, both in academia and in pharmaceutical industry. (oncotarget.com)
We tested interactions between Drosophila cyclins and a panel of hundreds of previously identified proteins. (fhcrc.org)
One of the connections we identified was the interaction between cyclin E and a novel Drosophila protein, Cdi4. (fhcrc.org)

Schulman, B. A., Lindstrom, D. L. & Harlow, E. Substrate recruitment to cyclin-dependent kinase 2 by a multipurpose docking site on cyclin A. (nature.com)

The structure of CDK2-CyclinA and p27 is determined by crystallography, demonstrating that the inhibitor of p27 stretches at the top of the Cyclin-CDK complex. (wikipedia.org)
Identification of a cyclin-cdk2 recognition motif present in substrates and p21-like cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors. (nature.com)

In particular, the p16/cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 2A (CDKN2A) gene located on chromosomal region 9p21 frequently is altered in several types of cancer. (iiarjournals.org)
We studied the roles of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors Cdkn2a and Cdkn2b, known as cellular stress-related senescence markers, in N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA)-induced RGC death. (elsevierpure.com)
The effects of altered expression of Cdkn2a and Cdkn2b on NMDA-induced RGC death were evaluated by quantification of RNA binding protein with multiple splicing (Rbpms)-immunoreactive RGCs. (elsevierpure.com)
Cdkn2a and Cdkn2b have pivotal roles in the regulation of excitotoxic RGC degeneration under NMDA-induced pathologic conditions. (elsevierpure.com)

In this regard, restoration of p53 in tumor cells with loss or mutation of p53 will reinforce the cytotoxicity of combined Polo-like kinase 1 therapy and provide a proficient strategy for combating relapse and metastasis of cancer. (oncotarget.com)

About 24% of these proteins were phosphorylated more efficiently by Clb5-Cdk1 than Clb2-Cdk1. (nature.com)
Although we did not identify any highly Clb2-specific substrates, we found that Clb2-Cdk1 possessed higher intrinsic kinase activity than Clb5-Cdk1, enabling efficient phosphorylation of a broad range of mitotic Cdk1 targets. (nature.com)
Targets of the cyclin-dependent kinase Cdk1. (nature.com)

We analyzed the clinical data and performed immunohistochemistry for Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and Aurora kinase A (Aurora-A) expression in 180 SCCHN patients. (oncotarget.com)
Patients characterized by elevated EGFR and elevated Aurora-A protein expression in tumor tissue represent a risk group with poor disease-free and overall survival (EGFR low Aurora-A low versus EGFR high Aurora-A high , p=0.024). (oncotarget.com)
Comparing pan-Aurora kinase and Aurora-A targeting hints towards a strong and clinically relevant biological effect mediated via Aurora kinase B. Taken together, our findings characterize a new poor risk group in SCCHN patients defined by elevated EGFR and Aurora-A protein expression. (oncotarget.com)

Experimental Design: mRNA and protein expression of CDK7 and its essential co-factors cyclinH and MAT1, were evaluated in breast cancer samples to determine if their levels are altered in cancer. (imperial.ac.uk)
Results: We show that expression of CDK7, cyclinH and MAT1 are all closely linked at the mRNA and protein level and their expression is elevated in breast cancer compared with the normal breast tissue. (imperial.ac.uk)
Conclusions: Expression of components of the CAK complex, CDK7, MAT1 and Cyclin H are elevated in breast cancer and correlates with ER. (imperial.ac.uk)

Nabet is focused on developing proximity-based therapeutics that redirect the cell's own processes for controlling protein levels and activity. (fredhutch.org)
These nutrient-driven post-translational modifications are highly altered in cancer and regulate protein functions in various cancer-associated processes. (biomedcentral.com)
It synthesizes a group of proteins and nucleotides which are required for the synthesis (replication) of the DNA along with other normal processes. (androbose.in)

Control of cyclin B1 localization through regulated binding of the nuclear export factor CRM1. (duke.edu)

For example, they use small molecule protein degraders to destroy cancer-causing proteins. (fredhutch.org)

To do this, he wondered if he could "hijack the cell's garbage disposal machinery" to trick cancer cells into degrading the oncogenic proteins that made them cancer cells to begin with, Dr. Nabet explains. (fredhutch.org)
Devising strategies to achieve this creative tactic of degrading cancer-driving proteins to combat cancer is one major goal of the Nabet Lab. (fredhutch.org)
Overview of the Nabet Lab's research that develops and utilizes protein degradation strategies to destroy cancer-causing proteins. (fredhutch.org)
PROTACs are bifunctional molecules that recruit a protein, such as a cancer-driving protein with one end, while the other end recruits the cell's own garbage disposal machinery to degrade the targeted protein. (fredhutch.org)
Studies with bortezomib (VELCADE, formerly known as PS-341) and other proteasome inhibitors indicate that cancer cells are especially dependent on the proteasome for survival, and several mechanisms used by prostate cancer cells require proteasome function. (aacrjournals.org)
Likewise, in the early stages of prostate cancer, the growth of cancerous prostatic epithelial cells is often androgen dependent (3) . (aacrjournals.org)
However, changes in regulation that reduce the amount or function of the p27 protein in the nucleus are found in many types of cancer. (medlineplus.gov)
Ribosomal protein L10 in mitochondria serves as a regulator for ROS level in pancreatic cancer cells. (nih.gov)

This is the first study describing the production and distribution of ETS-1 and ETS-2 mRNAs and proteins using in situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry in murine ocular tissue sections of normal control eyes and tumoral eyes from mice of the same age. (molvis.org)
Using semi-quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and western blots experiments, we compared changes in ETS-1 and ETS-2 expression, their protein levels, and the regulation of some of their target gene expressions at different stages of the ocular tumoral progression in the transgenic mouse model, Tyrp-1-TAg, with those in normal eyes from control mice of the same age. (molvis.org)
ETS-1 and ETS-2 mRNA and protein levels were much higher in the ocular tissues of Tyrp-1-TAg mice than in control ocular tissues from wild-type mice. (molvis.org)

However, little increase in Waf1/Cip1 and mdm2 expression was observed in T22 and NIH3T3 cells 8 or 9 h after exposure to 50 J/m2 of u.v., although the p53 protein level accumulated to its highest level under these conditions. (ox.ac.uk)
This protein is found in cells and tissues throughout the body. (medlineplus.gov)
INTRODUCTION: Proteins that undergo receptor-mediated endocytosis are subject to lysosomal degradation, requiring radioiodination methods that minimize loss of radioactivity from tumor cells after this process occurs. (duke.edu)
Plk1 inhibitors target all rapidly dividing cells irrespective of tumor cells or non-transformed normal but proliferating cells. (oncotarget.com)
In this compiled work, we elaborate on the effect of protein expression alterations and their resulting effect on recurrence capability of cells. (lu.se)

Most of the CDKN1B gene mutations that cause multiple endocrine neoplasia type 4 change single protein building blocks (amino acids) in the p27 protein. (medlineplus.gov)
Scope includes mutations and abnormal protein expression. (cancerindex.org)

A hallmark of events observed during segmentation was the induction of multiple transcription factors, including a large group of homeobox proteins in pace with decay of a large fraction of maternal transcripts. (biomedcentral.com)

Inhibitor of protein-phosphatase 1. (t3db.ca)
Endophilin 1 is a presynaptically enriched protein which binds the GTPase dynamin and the polyphosphoinositide phosphatase synptojanin. (duke.edu)

Donaldson, A. D. The yeast mitotic cyclin Clb2 cannot substitute for S phase cyclins in replication origin firing. (nature.com)

Here we show that protein kinase C (PKC) is also able to stimulate MAPK in a Ras-dependent manner, but PKC is not necessary for signaling by pp60v-src. (ox.ac.uk)
In addition, preincubation of extracts with cAMP-dependent protein kinase (PKA) blocks stimulation of MAPK by cyclin, p21V12ras, PKC, or pp60v-src, by at least 50%, but stimulation by c-Mos is unaffected. (ox.ac.uk)

Regulation of gene expression plays a central role in embryonic development. (biomedcentral.com)
Radiolabeled inhibitors as probes for imaging mutant IDH1 expression in gliomas: Synthesis and preliminary evaluation of labeled butyl-phenyl sulfonamide analogs. (duke.edu)
We found that overexpression of miR-208b increased the expression of cyclin D1, cyclin E1, and cyclin-dependent kinase 2 at the levels of messenger RNA and protein in cattle primary myoblasts in vivo and in vitro. (engreen.com.cn)
The expression of p27(Xic1) in the embryo is regionalised but the transcriptional regulation of p27(Xic1) is not well understood. (xenbase.org)

We describe here the meriolins, a new family of inhibitors of cyclin-dependent kinases (CDK). (rcsb.org)
In light of these results, our sequence analysis revealed that Cdi4 is a unique member of the p21/p27/p57 family of Cdk inhibitors. (fhcrc.org)
The Xenopus p27(Xic1) gene encodes a cyclin dependent kinase (CDK) inhibitor of the Cip/Kip family. (xenbase.org)
Demographic and that this particular family of angiogenic clinical data were collected during routine proteins plays an important role in placental obstetric visits. (who.int)

Anatomy15

Organisms8

Chemicals and Drugs173

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment12

Phenomena and Processes44

Disciplines and Occupations1

Information Science3

Mitogen-activa3

CAMP-depend1

Genes9

CDKs7

Serine4

Complexes6

Phosphorylation of the retinoblastoma1

Proliferation11

Transcriptional Activation2

Pathway3

Retinoblastoma3

Cdc22

Tyrosine kinase1

Tumor suppressor protein1

Mitosis5

Apoptosis4

Activation5

Inhibits2

Pathways1

Cdk55

Inhibition3

Cell40

Regulatory3

CKIs1

Encodes a protein1

Specificity3

Drosophila3

Substrate1

CDK22

CDKN2A4

Mutation1

CDK13

EGFR3

CDK73

Processes3

Localization1

Small molecule1

Cancer8

Mice3

Cells5

Mutations2

Transcription1

Phosphatase2

Replication1

MAPK2

Expression4

Family4