Cx3c chemokine. Medical search. Frequent questions

As the name suggests, this receptor binds the inflammatory chemokine CX3CL1 (also called neurotactin in mice or fractalkine in humans). (wikipedia.org)
CX3CL1 is a CX3C chemokine known to induce adhesion and migration of leukocytes mediated by a membrane-bound and soluble form respectively. (fishersci.com)
Smooth muscle cells in human atherosclerotic plaques express the fractalkine receptor CX3CR1 and undergo chemotaxis to the CX3C chemokine fractalkine (CX3CL1). (prosci-inc.com)
Fractalkine, also known as CX3CL1, is a cytokine protein containing a CX3C chemokine motif atop a mucin stalk. (irvinesci.com)
The transmembrane form of the CX3CL1 chemokine fractalkine is expressed predominantly by epithelial cells in vivo. (ox.ac.uk)
Fractalkine or Chemokine (C-X3-C motif) ligand 1 (CX3CL1) is a member of the CX3C chemokine family. (novoprolabs.com)
Fractalkine / CX3CL1 is a unique chemokine that functions not only as a chemoattractant but also as an adhesion molecule and is expressed on endothelial cells activated by proinflammatory cytokines, such as interferon-gamma and tumor necrosis factor-alpha. (novoprolabs.com)
CX3C chemokine ligand 1 (CX3CL1), also known as fractalkine (FKN), is a chemokine belonging to the CX3C family. (alomone.com)
These findings indicate that CCDKO mice are not a model of AMD, but a model for an inherited retinal degeneration that is differentially modulated by Ccl2-Ccr2 and Cx3cl1-Cx3cr1 chemokine signalling. (ox.ac.uk)

CX3C motif chemokine receptor 1 (CX3CR1), also known as the fractalkine receptor or G-protein coupled receptor 13 (GPR13), is a transmembrane protein of the G protein-coupled receptor 1 (GPCR1) family and the only known member of the CX3C chemokine receptor subfamily. (wikipedia.org)
Chemokine (CXC motif) ligand 1 (CXCL1) acts as a key chemoattractant for neutrophils by binding specifically to its corresponding G protein-coupled receptor chemokine (CXC motif) receptor 2 (CXCR2) (11, 12). (researchsquare.com)
Like the CHEMOKINES themselves, the receptors can be divided into at least three structural branches: CR, CCR, and CXCR, according to variations in a shared cysteine motif. (lookformedical.com)
The chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 1 (CXCL1) is a small cytokine belonging to the CXC chemokine family that was previously called GRO1 oncogene, GROα, KC, neutrophil-activating protein 3 (NAP-3) and melanoma growth stimulating activity, alpha (MGSA-α). (wikidoc.org)

CX3CR1 Antibody: CX3CR1 is one of the chemokine receptors that are required as coreceptors for HIV infection. (prosci-inc.com)
Chemokines and their corresponding receptors have been well-characterized in RA progression, but less so in OA pathogenesis. (researchsquare.com)
Chemokines and chemokine receptors are critical players in the disease processes of two inflammatory joint diseases: rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and osteoarthritis (OA) (1). (researchsquare.com)
Both diseases are characterized by the extravasation of leukocytes from the vascular endothelium into the synovial tissue, a process that involves numerous chemokines and their receptors acting as synovial chemotactic mediators (5). (researchsquare.com)
A CC-type chemokine with specificity for CCR10 RECEPTORS. (lookformedical.com)
A CC-type chemokine that is found at high levels in the THYMUS and has specificity for CCR4 RECEPTORS. (lookformedical.com)
A CC chemokine with specificity for CCR1 RECEPTORS and CCR5 RECEPTORS. (lookformedical.com)
CCR receptors with specificity for CHEMOKINE CCL27. (lookformedical.com)
CCR receptors with specificity for a broad variety of CC CHEMOKINES. (lookformedical.com)
Chemokine CCL8 has specificity for CCR3 RECEPTORS and CCR5 RECEPTORS. (lookformedical.com)
Chemokine receptors that are specific for CC CHEMOKINES. (lookformedical.com)
CCR receptors with specificity for CHEMOKINE CCL2 and several other CCL2-related chemokines. (lookformedical.com)
A CC-type chemokine that is specific for CCR3 RECEPTORS. (lookformedical.com)
CCR receptors with specificity for CHEMOKINE CCL19 and CHEMOKINE CCL21. (lookformedical.com)
CXCR4 is one of several chemokine receptors that HIV can use to infect CD4+ T cells . (wikidoc.org)
Until recently, SDF-1 and CXCR4 were believed to be a relatively monogamous ligand-receptor pair (other chemokines are promiscuous, tending to use several different chemokine receptors). (wikidoc.org)
A basis for the construction of hybrids of chemokines to bind and/or activate various chemokine receptors is presented. (sabanciuniv.edu)
The integration of pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) from microorganisms with their surface receptors in the immune cells, induces the production of several cytokines and chemokines that presents either a pro- and/or anti-inflammatory role by stimulating the secretion of a great variety of antibody subtypes and the activation of mechanisms of controlling the disease, such as the regulatory T cells. (bvsalud.org)

Acts as a ligand for C-C chemokine receptor CCR3 which triggers Ca(2+) mobilization in eosinophils. (cusabio.com)
Also acts as a ligand for CX3C chemokine receptor CX3CR1, inducing cell chemotaxis. (cusabio.com)
In the context of AP, the most extensively investigated chemokines are CC-ligand 2 (CCL2, also known as monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 or MCP-1), CXC-ligand 1 (CXCL1, also known as cytokine-induced neutrophil chemoattractant or CINC in rat and keratinocyte cytokine or KC in mouse), and CXC-ligand 2 (CXCL2, also known as macrophage inflammatory protein 2-alpha or MIP2a). (pancreapedia.org)

The CX3CR1 receptor is part of the G-protein chemokine receptor family with the metabotropic function. (wikipedia.org)
IL-15 and IL-2 oppositely regulate expression of the chemokine receptor CX3CR1. (prosci-inc.com)
The transmembrane chemokine receptor CX3CR1 mediates the adhesive and chemoattractant functions of fractalkine. (irvinesci.com)
Differential modulation of retinal degeneration by Ccl2 and Cx3cr1 chemokine signalling. (ox.ac.uk)
In order to understand phenotypic discrepancies in different chemokine knockout lines and to study how defects in Ccl2 and/or Cx3cr1 signalling contribute to the described early onset retinal degeneration, we defined primary and secondary pathological events in CCDKO mice. (ox.ac.uk)
By comparing CCDKO mice with re-derived CCl2(-/-)/Crb1(Rd8/RD8), Cx3cr1(-/-)/Crb1(Rd8/RD8) and CCl2(-/-)/Cx3cr1(-/-)/Crb1(Rd8/RD8) mice, we observed a differential modulation of the retinal phenotype by genetic background and both chemokine signalling pathways. (ox.ac.uk)

The Periodic Table of Cytokine and Chemokine Families poster includes members of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) superfamily, and cytokines belonging to the different families of interleukins, interferons, and chemokines. (rndsystems.com)
This review aims to describe the roles of key cytokines and chemokines in commonly used experimental models of pancreatitis and how the cytokine profile is affected by the choice of a specific model. (pancreapedia.org)

At tumor sites, monocytes differentiate into tumor-associated macrophages capable of producing growth factors, proteases, angiogenic mediators, cytokines, and chemokines such as CCL2 (MCP-1), CCL5 (RANTES). (creative-proteomics.com)

Microglia and macrophages are recruited to sites of retinal degeneration where local cytokines and chemokines determine protective or neurotoxic microglia responses. (ox.ac.uk)
Pancreatic acinar cell injury triggers the synthesis and release of pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines (32, 36, 39, 41, 82). (pancreapedia.org)

CX3C chemokines are chemotactic for natural killer cells, monocytes, and activated T-cells. (umassmed.edu)
A CXC chemokine that is chemotactic for T-LYMPHOCYTES and MONOCYTES. (lookformedical.com)
PF4 is chemotactic for neutrophils , fibroblasts and monocytes , and interacts with a splice variant of the chemokine receptor CXCR3 , known as CXCR3B. (wikidoc.org)
CXCR-4 is an alpha- chemokine receptor specific for stromal-derived-factor-1 ( SDF-1 also called CXCL12), a molecule endowed with potent chemotactic activity for lymphocytes . (wikidoc.org)
Chemokines (chemotactic cytokines) are positively charged polypeptides with highly conserved cysteine (C) residues within the N-terminal sequence, classifying them as 'C', 'CC', 'CXC' or 'CX3C' types (102, 143). (pancreapedia.org)

The shedded form carries out typical function of conventional chemokines, the chemotaxis, while the membrane-bound protein behaves as adhesion molecule for facilitation of diapedesis. (wikipedia.org)
The presence or absence of a glutamate-leucine-arginine sequence further divides chemokines into 'ELR' and 'non-ELR' chemokines, with ELR-chemokines exhibiting highest activity in chemotaxis assays (65, 130). (pancreapedia.org)

Chemokines are a family of proteins associated with the trafficking of leukocytes in immune surveillance and inflammatory cell recruitment. (fishersci.com)
The final columns in the poster show proteins belonging to one of the four chemokine subfamilies. (rndsystems.com)
Chemokines are a family of proteins involved in inflammatory and immune response. (sabanciuniv.edu)
The mechanisms of binding and activation in the chemokine family are investigated using the gaussian network model of proteins, a low-resolution model that monitors the collective motions in proteins. (sabanciuniv.edu)
It is particularly suitable for elucidating the global dynamic characteristics of large proteins or the common properties of a group of related proteins such as the chemokine family presently investigated. (sabanciuniv.edu)
A sample of 16 proteins that belong to the CC, CXC, or CX3C subfamilies are inspected. (sabanciuniv.edu)

Our previous studies showed that the expression of the monocyte-chemoattractant protein (MCP)-1, a chemokine, which triggers the infiltration and activation of cells of the monocyte-macrophage lineage, is abrogated in human papillomavirus (HPV)-positive premalignant and malignant cells. (biomedcentral.com)

Inherited genetic variants such as single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of candidate genes, encoding various cytokines, chemokines, and inflammatory regulators, have become a subject of interest of genetic studies searching for independent predictors of GVHD development and HSCT outcome [ 4 - 7 ]. (hindawi.com)
Chemokines can be either homeostatic or inflammatory, or display both qualities simultaneously. (researchsquare.com)
Cell surface glycoproteins that bind to chemokines and thus mediate the migration of pro-inflammatory molecules. (lookformedical.com)
Another mechanism whereby injured pancreatic acinar cells trigger the inflammatory response is through synthesis and release of cytokines (36) and chemokines (11), and upregulation of adhesion molecules such as the intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) (136), which together promote neutrophil and monocyte infiltration (27, 71) and exacerbate tissue injury (10, 27, 37). (pancreapedia.org)

Its unique CX(3)C chemokine domain is attached to a 241-amino acid mucin stalk, a 19-amino acid transmembrane domain, and a 37-amino acid intracellular domain of unknown function. (ox.ac.uk)

Chemokines are abundant in RA synovial fluid, while OA synovial fluid also reveals the presence of chondrocytes, synovial cells and other cells capable of both expressing and responding to chemokines (2-4). (researchsquare.com)
Chemokines are well-recognized for their ability to recruit different leukocytes (6) and for their involvement in the migration of circulating cells into or within tissue (7, 8). (researchsquare.com)
Soluble fractalkine causes migration of NK cells, cytotoxic T lymphocytes, and macrophages, whereas the membrane-bound form captures and enhances the subsequent migration of these cells in response to secondary stimulation with other chemokines. (novoprolabs.com)
Moreover, the availability of p53 is apparently important for chemokine regulation, since TNF-α can induce MCP-1 only in human keratinocytes expressing the viral oncoprotein E7, but not in HPV16 E6 positive cells, where p53 becomes degraded. (biomedcentral.com)
These data support the concept that p53 inactivation during carcinogenesis also affects immune surveillance by interfering with chemokine expression and in turn communication with cells of the immunological compartment. (biomedcentral.com)
Chemokines play a crucial role in innate and adaptive immunity by attracting and activating specific subsets of effector leukocytes, cells from the monocyte/macrophage lineage as well as natural killer cells. (biomedcentral.com)

A chemokine that is a chemoattractant for MONOCYTES and may also cause cellular activation of specific functions related to host defense. (lookformedical.com)

Chemokines such as CXCL10 (IP-10) and CXCL9 may inhibit the development of cancer. (creative-proteomics.com)

A CC-type chemokine secreted by activated MONOCYTES and T-LYMPHOCYTES. (lookformedical.com)
Group of chemokines with adjacent cysteines that are chemoattractants for lymphocytes, monocytes, eosinophils, basophils but not neutrophils. (lookformedical.com)

This chemokine is encoded by multiple genes. (lookformedical.com)
[8] The gene for CXCL1 is located on human chromosome 4 amongst genes for other CXC chemokines. (wikidoc.org)

These subfamilies are known as the C, CX3C, CC, or CXC subfamilies, and are based on the number and spacing of conserved cysteine residues located in the amino-terminus. (rndsystems.com)

See CDs: Chemokine (cd00169) for the general alignment of chemokines, or Chemokine_CXC (cd00273), Chemokine_C (cd00271), and Chemokine_CX3C (cd00274) for the additional chemokine subgroups, and Chemokine_CC_DCCL for the DCCL subgroup of this CD. (umbc.edu)

Homeostatic chemokines are constitutively produced. (researchsquare.com)

This chemokine is released from alpha-granules of activated platelets during platelet aggregation, and promotes blood coagulation by moderating the effects of heparin -like molecules. (wikidoc.org)

Chemokines have been classified by structure and function into four groups: CXC, CC, C and CX3C (9). (researchsquare.com)

Molnar, V. Cytokines and Chemokines in Osteoarthritis. (encyclopedia.pub)
Cytokines and Chemokines in Osteoarthritis" Encyclopedia , https://encyclopedia.pub/entry/14036 (accessed December 04, 2023). (encyclopedia.pub)
Part of this unstoppable process are chemokines that, stimulated by cytokines, attract inflammatory cells to the joint that further promote the secretion of inflammatory factors and disease progression [ 5 ] . (encyclopedia.pub)
The aim of this review was to describe the mechanisms of action of the most important cytokines and chemokines involved in OA pathogenesis, with emphasis on knee OA. (encyclopedia.pub)
Chemokines also contribute to inflammatory processes, stimulating the chemotaxis of inflammatory cells that then further secrete proinflammatory cytokines, thus creating a vicious circle that poses a major challenge in treating and slowing the progression of osteoarthritis. (encyclopedia.pub)
Chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 1 (CCL1) is a small glycoprotein secreted by activated T cells that belongs to a family of inflammatory cytokines known as chemokines . (wikidoc.org)

The shedded form carries out typical function of conventional chemokines, the chemotaxis, while the membrane-bound protein behaves as adhesion molecule for facilitation of diapedesis. (wikipedia.org)
Unlike classic small peptide chemokines, CX(3)CL1 is synthesized as a membrane-anchored protein that can promote integrin-independent adhesion. (iucc.ac.il)
Fractalkine is a large cytokine protein of 373 amino acids, it contains multiple domains and is the only known member of the CX 3 C chemokine family. (wikidoc.org)
The chemokine interferon-γ inducible protein 10 kDa (CXCL10) is a member of the CXC chemokine family which binds to the CXCR3 receptor to exert its biological effects. (spandidos-publications.com)
Fractalkine is a transmembrane protein and chemokine involved in the adhesion and migration of leukocytes. (nih.gov)
This molecule is unique among chemokines in that it is a transmembrane protein with the N-terminal chemokine domain fused to a long mucin-like stalk. (rndsystems.com)
One of the disease mechanisms linked to G protein is usually CX3C chemokine mimicry [36]. (healthcarecoremeasures.com)
RSV G protein has similarities to fractalkine the only known CX3C chemokine and has fractalkine-like leukocyte chemotactic activity [36]. (healthcarecoremeasures.com)

Soluble fractalkine causes migration of NK cells, cytotoxic T lymphocytes, and macrophages, whereas the membrane-bound form captures and enhances the subsequent migration of these cells in response to secondary stimulation with other chemokines. (novoprolabs.com)

Stroke energy induces mechanical injury of tissues to launch secondary damage, i.e. neurotransmission, blood-brain barrier disruption, blood infiltration of brain tissues, cytokine and chemokine overexpression, and other processes. (annaly-nevrologii.com)

We lately found that the chemokine area of FKN (FKN-CD) binds to integrins α4β1 and αvβ3 [25]. (gasyblog.com)

The drug candidate targets fractalkine receptor (CX3C Chemokine Receptor 1). (pharmaceutical-technology.com)
Fractalkine (CX3C), a chemokine expressed by epithelial cells within normal and inflamed colorectal mucosa, induces leukocyte adhesion and migration via fractalkine receptor. (baskent.edu.tr)

The CX3C subfamily has three intervening residues separating the two N-terminal cysteines, whereas the CXC subfamily only has one non-conserved amino acid residue separating the N-terminal cysteines. (spandidos-publications.com)
The alpha (α) subfamily, also called the CXC chemokines, have one aa separating the first two cysteine residues. (rndsystems.com)
In the beta (ß) subfamily, also called the CC chemokines, the first two cysteines are adjacent to one another with no intervening aa. (rndsystems.com)

FKN comes with an N-terminal chemokine area (residues 1-76) [3]. (gasyblog.com)

The interferon-induced angiostatic CXC chemokines, monokine induced by interferon (Mig/CXCL9) and interferon-inducible T-cell chemoattractant (I-TAC/CXCL11), also activate CXCR3. (spandidos-publications.com)
The ELR- chemokines bind CXCR3 to -5 and act primarily on lymphocytes. (rndsystems.com)

Chemokines are grouped into the CXC, CC, C, and CX3C subfamilies based on the arrangement of the conserved cysteine residues. (molvis.org)
Based on the position of the first two conserved cysteine residues within the N-terminal, the chemokines are divided into two major (CX3C and CXC) and two minor (CC and C) subfamilies ( 2 - 4 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
Fractalkine, the only known member of the delta (δ) class (CXC chemokine), has three intervening aa between the first two cysteine residues. (rndsystems.com)

Chemokines are divided into subfamilies based on conserved aa sequence motifs. (rndsystems.com)

Group of chemokines with the first two cysteines separated by three amino acids. (uams.edu)
CC chemokines are those in which two cysteines are adjacent to each other, and a single known C chemokine lacks the first cysteine of the N-terminal pair. (spandidos-publications.com)
Lymphotactin is the lone member of the gamma (γ) class (C chemokine) which has lost the first and third cysteines. (rndsystems.com)

To study the CX3C interface in tissues of live animals, we generated transgenic mice (CX(3)CL1(cherry): CX(3)CR1(gfp)), which express red and green fluorescent reporter genes under the respective control of the CX(3)CL1 and CX(3)CR1 promoters. (iucc.ac.il)

The chemoattractants under study include a large family of chemokines and a smaller group of classical chemoattractants, which together differentially regulate specific leukocyte trafficking in support of both immune homeostasis and innate and adaptive immune responses. (nih.gov)
Furthermore, this is strongly associated with leukocyte recruitment, immunomodulatory potential and T cell inhibition potential and we hypothesize that chemokine profiling can be used to predict the in vivo therapeutic potential of MSCs isolated from new sources and compare them to BM MSCs. (biomedcentral.com)

Because the chemokines are comparatively small and contain signature aa motifs, many novel family members have been identified through searches of EST databases. (rndsystems.com)
The chemokine family contains many regulators of inflammation, cellular function and cellular migration-all critical factors in understanding the potential potency of a novel cellular therapeutic. (biomedcentral.com)

These CXC chemokines are preferentially expressed on Th1 lymphocytes ( 6 , 10 , 11 ). (spandidos-publications.com)

An improved understanding of the role of chemokines in wet AMD is necessary for successful therapeutic strategies. (molvis.org)

Approximately 8.6 kDa, a single non-glycosylated polypeptide chain containing 76 amino acids and comprises only the chemokine domain of Human Fractalkine. (watson-bio.com)

The ELR chemokines bind to CXCR2 and generally act as neutrophil chemoattractants and activators. (rndsystems.com)

At the time of this writing, 14 different human genes encoding CXC chemokines have been reported in the scientific literature with some additional diversity contributed by alternative splicing. (rndsystems.com)

Fractalkine, a novel CX3C chemokine, is unusual because of both its membrane-associated structure and its direct role in cell adhesion. (rcsb.org)

Chemokines, CX3C" is a descriptor in the National Library of Medicine's controlled vocabulary thesaurus, MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) . (uams.edu)

Gu Q , Zhou S , Chen C , Wang Z , Xu W , Zhang J , Wei S , Yang J , Chen H , . CCL19: a novel prognostic chemokine modulates the tumor immune microenvironment and outcomes of cancers. (aging-us.com)
Background: CCL19 is a chemokine involved in cancer research due to its important role in the tumor microenvironment (TME) and clinical relevance in cancers. (aging-us.com)

However a soluble (90 kD) version of this chemokine has also been observed. (wikidoc.org)

rMSCs transplanted into the lateral ventricles of the rat brain migrated to the avulsed hypoglossal nucleus, where the expression of chemokines, stromal-cell-derived factor 1 (SDF-1), and fractalkine was observed to be increased. (nih.gov)
To investigate the chemokine expression profiles in the aqueous humor of wet age-related macular degeneration (wet AMD) patients and to correlate their levels with clinical findings. (molvis.org)
The aim of this study was therefore to investigate the chemokine expression profiles of wet AMD patients and to correlate their levels with clinical disease phenotypes. (molvis.org)
The availability of genomic databases will no doubt lead to the discovery of additional chemokines, particularly those that display very restricted expression patterns. (rndsystems.com)

This graph shows the total number of publications written about "Chemokines, CX3C" by people in UAMS Profiles by year, and whether "Chemokines, CX3C" was a major or minor topic of these publications. (uams.edu)
Below are the most recent publications written about "Chemokines, CX3C" by people in Profiles over the past ten years. (uams.edu)
To the best of our knowledge, chemokine profiles in the aqueous humor of patients with wet AMD have not been described. (molvis.org)

10. Identification of fractalkine, a CX3C-type chemokine, as a direct target of p53. (nih.gov)

This indicates a possible role for the chemokine in the protective plasticity process of synaptic scaling . (wikidoc.org)

Anatomy2

Organisms2

Chemicals and Drugs60

Phenomena and Processes4

CX3CL19

Motif4

Receptors18

Ligand3

CX3CR16

Cytokine2

CCL21

Cytokines and chemokines2

Chemotactic5

Chemotaxis2

Proteins6

Monocyte chemoattractant protein1

Inflammatory4

Mucin stalk1

Cells6

Chemoattractant1

CXCL101

Monocytes2

Genes2

Cysteine1

Subgroup1

Constitutively1

PLATELETS1

Function1

Cytokines6

Protein8

Membrane-bound1

Cytokine and chemokine1

Binds1

Fractalkine receptor2

Subfamily3

Residues 1-761

CXCR32

Cysteine residues3

Subfamilies based1

Cysteines3

Tissues1

Leukocyte2

Family2

Lymphocytes1

Therapeutic1

Amino Acids1

Bind1

Genes1

Adhesion1

Descriptor1

CCL192

Soluble1

Expression4

Profiles3

Identification1

Role1