Cumulus oocyte ovaries in vitro oocyte maturation techniques. Medical search. Frequent questions

It can be offered to women with infertility problems, combined with In Vitro Fertilization (IVF), offering women pregnancy without ovarian stimulation. (wikipedia.org)
In 1935, Pincus & Enzmann did the first experiment on immature rabbit oocyte, showing in vitro spontaneous maturation and fertilization. (wikipedia.org)
During ovulation, the primary oocyte will resume meiosis in response to signals, arresting in metaphase meiosis II, ready for fertilization. (wikipedia.org)
These protease-induced decreases in IGFBP-4 and -5 likely cause increased levels of bioavailable (or free) IGFs that stimulate steroidogenesis and mitogenesis in developing dominant follicles, which ultimately prepare the follicle(s) and oocyte(s) for successful ovulation and fertilization. (bioone.org)
On the one hand, reactive oxygen species (ROS) are mandatory mediators for essential cellular functions including the function of germ cells (oocytes and spermatozoa) and thereby the fertilization process. (hindawi.com)
However, these techniques have to be carried out very carefully as they, if applied wrongly, bear risks of generating ROS damaging the germ cells and preventing fertilization. (hindawi.com)
This has been shown for intrauterine insemination (IUI), in vitro fertilization (IVF), and ICSI, and increased incidences of chromosomal abnormalities, minor and major birth defects, or early childhood cancers, particularly in the male offspring, have been linked to these procedures [ 8 - 16 ]. (hindawi.com)
This study aims to determine the ability of in vitro embryo cleavage of Bali cattle 48 hours after the fertilization process based on different ovarian reproductive status. (ifory.id)
After maturation, in vitro fertilization was carried out using TALP media with a final concentration of spermatozoa 1.5 x 106 spermatozoa/ml. (ifory.id)
Oocytes 5-6 after fertilization were washed 3 times using CR1aa media then cultured in 5% CO2 incubator, temperature 38.5 °C for 48 hours. (ifory.id)
Poor ovarian responders (POR) are women undergoing in-vitro fertilization who respond poorly to ovarian stimulation, resulting in the retrieval of lower number of oocytes, and subsequently lower pregnancy rates. (biomedcentral.com)
SECM technique may be a valuable tool for accurately assessing the quality of embryos and thereby contribute to improving outcomes associated with assisted reproduction, including human in vitro fertilization. (bioone.org)
The oocytes were fertilized by spermatozoa that had been capacitated with two groups of fertilization media, the first group containing melatonin and the second group containing cysteamine. (vetmedmosul.com)
In the last decade, in vitro fertilization and sperm capacitation techniques have significantly advanced. (vetmedmosul.com)
ROS are free radicals that are continuously produced by oxidative metabolic reactions and increase in vitro conditions, causing aging of both the oocyte (7) and sperm (8), as well as perhaps impairing fertilization and embryo development. (vetmedmosul.com)
This discovery may soon allow them to avoid using abnormal - or aneuploid - eggs during infertility treatments, and instead to pick eggs that are healthy enough for a successful in vitro fertilization (IVF) cycle. (health.am)
Assisted reproductive technologies (ARTs) are techniques to help a woman become pregnant, including in vitro fertilization (IVF), intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI), and other similar procedures. (health.am)
More than 4 million babies have been born worldwide as a result of using the in vitro fertilization technique. (health.am)
Despite considerable technological advancements, polyspermy remains a significant challenge in in-vitro fertilization (IVF) procedures in pigs, disrupting normal embryonic development. (e-jarb.org)
The present review discusses methods to improve oocyte quality in older women and new stimulation protocols that may improve the number of mature oocytes retrieved during an in vitro fertilization cycle. (arvigen.com)
Components and OPTIONS FOR in vivo test: In vitro maturation and fertilization maturation and fertilization had been carried out as described [21] previously. (bioskinrevive.com)
Following germinal vesicle break down (GVBD) the oocyte is transcriptionally quiescent until fertilization and activation of the embryonic genome, occurring at the four-cell stage of development in the pig [ 9 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
No statistically significant differences in the mean number of oocytes retrieved, fertilization rate and pregnancy rate per cycle were observed between groups. (biomedcentral.com)
In addition to providing services for fertility testing and diagnosis , we offer a wide range of treatments for patients ranging from fertility drug therapy with artificial insemination to in vitro fertilization (IVF) with intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) and pre-implantation genetic testing of embryos (PGT), including sex selection. (uchicago.edu)
The aim of this study was to determine the in vitro maturation rate of Bligon goat oocytes supplemented with follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), and their ability for further embryonic development after in vitro fertilization. (sciencegate.app)
To prove the ability of mature oocytes to develop into embryos, 900 oocytes were processed for fertilization in vitro. (sciencegate.app)
Usage of melatonin during in vitro fertilization (IVF) procedures has been found to improve oocyte quality, survival, and fecundity. (jrhm.org)
In total, 789 patients who underwent OPU procedures for in vitro fertilization (IVF) were included in the study. (ecerm.org)
In vitro fertilization (IVF), in which fertilization takes place after mature eggs are collected from the ovaries, is a widely used method in the treatment of infertility [ 3 ]. (ecerm.org)

Of these primordial follicles, only around 400 mature oocytes are released and could be potentially fertilised, with the rest undergoing atresia. (wikipedia.org)
Conclusion: FSH supplementation significantly improves oocyte maturation and yields mature oocytes for future embryo development in vitro. (sciencegate.app)
We have recently established a novel culture system in which mouse pluripotent stem cells differentiate to mature oocytes in a manner similar to oogenesis in vivo. (researchsquare.com)

These then begin meiosis to form the oocyte within the primordial follicle. (wikipedia.org)
This follicle consists of the oocyte surrounded by flattened pregranulosa cells. (wikipedia.org)
Primordial follicles containing the primary oocyte, arrested at prophase of meiosis I, develop into primary follicle containing cuboidal granulosa cells. (wikipedia.org)
The dominant follicle contains the mature oocyte. (wikipedia.org)
Priming is the process by which the oocytes are primed with follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) or human chorionic gonadotrophin (hCG) before retrieval. (wikipedia.org)
biopsied human ovarian tissue and achieved a 10% rate of maturation from unilaminar follicles into metaphase II by a multi-step culture system: 8 days of culture in a serum-free medium 8 days of culture in a serum-free medium with activin A 4 days of culture on membranes with activin A and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH). (wikipedia.org)
Maintenance of meiotic arrest also depends on the presence of a multilayered complex of cells, known as a follicle, that surrounds the oocyte. (wikipedia.org)
Removal of the oocyte from the follicle causes meiosis to progress in the oocyte. (wikipedia.org)
Ovaries from abattoirs are grouped into four categories: ovaries without corpus luteum and dominant follicles (-CL and -FD), without corpus luteum and with dominant follicles (-CL and + FD), with corpus luteum and without dominant follicle (+ CL and -FD), and with corpus luteum and dominant follicles (+ CL and + FD). (ifory.id)
In each menstrual cycle, human ovaries produce a single dominant follicle. (biomedcentral.com)
Growth of the dominant follicle encompasses enlargement of the oocyte, replication of follicular cells, and formation and expansion of a fluid-filled follicular antrum or cavity, providing a specialized microenvironment for the development of oocytes. (biomedcentral.com)
With ovulation the secondary oocyte (or ovum) is expelled from the follicle on the ovary surface. (pediagenosis.com)
The oocyte is surrounded by cumulus cells (also termed the corona radiata) from the follicle and spermatozoa must break through this outer layer to reach the oocyte itself (Figure 10.3). (pediagenosis.com)
The aim of this study was to assess the effects of brief, intense exposure to tobacco smoke on granulosa cell number, oocyte growth, and follicle size during puberty in female Swiss mice. (biomedcentral.com)
A cycle begins when a woman begins taking fertility drugs or having her ovaries monitored for follicle production. (nordicalagos.org)
Cumulus oocyte complexes (COCs) of cows derived from follicle aspiration were divided into three groups. (sciencegate.app)
In contrast, RES may delay puberty by delaying follicular development at two stages: a) decreased IGF-I in follicles ≤ 7 mm may delay predominant follicular growth, and b) decreased LH may delay maturation of the preovulatory follicle. (ncsu.edu)

In vitro maturation (IVM) is the technique of letting the contents of ovarian follicles and the oocytes inside mature in vitro. (wikipedia.org)
If without the use of priming, oocytes are obtained when the largest follicles are around 10mm in size. (wikipedia.org)
In mammals , the first part of oogenesis starts in the germinal epithelium , which gives rise to the development of ovarian follicles , the functional unit of the ovary . (wikipedia.org)
As follicles grow, they acquire receptors for luteinizing hormone, a pituitary hormone that reinitiates meiosis in the oocyte and causes ovulation of a fertilizable egg. (wikipedia.org)
Mammalian ovaries are endowed with a huge number of small oocytes (primordial oocytes) in primordial follicles. (go.jp)
The follicular fluid (FF) provides a crucial microenvironment for the proper development of follicles and oocytes through tightly controlled metabolism and cell signaling. (biomedcentral.com)
Throughout a female's reproductive lifespan, the ovaries undergo continual structural changes that are crucial for the maturation of ovarian follicles and the production of sex steroid hormones. (mdpi.com)
Oocytes were collected from aspirated porcine tertiary follicles. (biomedcentral.com)
The mammalian ovary has all the molecular machinery required for the biosynthesis of melatonin and interestingly concentration of melatonin in the follicular fluid of pre-ovulatory follicles is much higher than circulatory melatonin even in humans. (jrhm.org)

Injection of a MIR21 mimic increased oocyte maturation rate. (biomedcentral.com)
Results: The results indicated that FSH supplementation significantly increased oocyte maturation rate (65.21±7.26 vs. 43.25±6.23%) as indicated by extrusion of PB1 and homologous chromosome pairing and lined in the equator. (sciencegate.app)

Poor in vitro embryo development is a major obstacle in porcine assisted reproduction. (mdpi.com)
In the current study, we utilized modified Spirulina maxima pectin nanoparticles as a supplement to improve porcine in vitro maturation medium. (mdpi.com)
Melatonin supplementation has been shown to promote bovine and porcine oocytes' maturation rate and increase their blastocyst of IVF embryos (16). (vetmedmosul.com)

The application of reproductive biotechnology tools such as estrus synchronization (ES), artificial insemination (AI), embryo transfer (ET) through multiple ovulation and in vivo collection of embryos, in-vitro embryo production (IVEP) and cryopreservation, somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) to produce the desired breed and sex of animal, and other reproductive biotechnologies that enhances reproduction potential are important innovations that can address specific needs and purpose for animal reproduction. (ifory.id)
Synchronization of estrus followed by induction of ovulation are basic techniques in all embryo transfer programs. (biomedcentral.com)

This study was conducted to evaluate in vivo and in vitro development of in vitro-matured equine oocytes fertilized by intracytoplasmic sperm injection. (bioone.org)
Oocytes were collected from slaughterhouse-derived ovaries, matured in vitro, and injected with frozen-thawed stallion sperm. (bioone.org)
In addition, other corrective measures include sperm separation for assisted reproductive techniques. (hindawi.com)
When the inability of male transgenic rats to transmit the transgene is not associated with mosaicism, microinsemination techniques such as intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) and round spermatid injection (ROSI) can be used for passage of the transgenes. (go.jp)
Our ICSI procedure includes the use of a piezo-driven small-sized injection pipette (2-4 μm in diameter), isolated sperm heads, and freshly ovulated oocytes. (go.jp)
These microinsemination techniques can be combined with cryopreservation of sperm and spermatid cells, leading to successful transmission of transgenes carried in male gametes. (go.jp)
oxidative stress is the most prominent one, which will cause damage or alter the genetic material of the sperm and reduce the quality of the oocytes, and has a crucial impact on the possibility of developing embryos even after implantation. (vetmedmosul.com)
For this purpose, we have incubated ram sperm using four different treatments in terms of antioxidants: melatonin, cysteamine, vitamin C, and vitamin E. They were incubated by the standard methods of maturation and capacitation of sperm. (vetmedmosul.com)
In conclusion, melatonin could be a promising tool for improving sperm competence for fertilizing oocytes and embryo development in sheep. (vetmedmosul.com)
To fertilize the oocytes, sperm must undergo a series of physiological and biochemical alterations in vitro (3). (vetmedmosul.com)
Oxidative stress is one of the key factors contributing to a decrease in sperm quality during the maturation and capacitation of the sperm (5). (vetmedmosul.com)
thereby, oocytes and sperm are highly vulnerable to reactive oxygen species (ROS) attacks, affecting their quality and viability (6). (vetmedmosul.com)
in-vitro -matured oocytes were co-incubated with sperm according to a modified two-step culture system. (e-jarb.org)
In the first experiment, oocytes were briefly co-incubated with sperm, washed in IVF medium, and then moved to fresh IVF medium for 5 or 6 h. (e-jarb.org)
In experiment 2, oocytes were inseminated with sperm separated by Pecroll treatment. (e-jarb.org)
The acrosomal cap of the head of the sperm breaks down, releasing enzymes that dissolve the zona pellucida locally allowing the spermatozoon to enter the oocyte (Figure 10.4). (pediagenosis.com)
All treatments that involve combining the eggs that were removed from a woman's ovaries with sperm to enable pregnancy. (nordicalagos.org)
Common conditions that may cause infertility include irregular menstrual cycles, polycystic ovarian syndrome ( PCOS ), endometriosis , uterine fibroids , diminished ovarian reserve (low number of eggs in the ovaries), and male factor-related issues such as low sperm count. (uchicago.edu)
4 Of note, PGCLCs gave rise to sperm and oocytes by transplantation into neonatal testes and adult ovaries, respectively, 4,5 which means that PGCLCs have the potential to give rise to functional gametes. (researchsquare.com)

Germinal vesicle breakdown (GVBD) occurs during oocyte meiotic maturation, a period when transcriptional processes are virtually inactive. (biomedcentral.com)
This protocol consists of a culture method that can be mainly divided into four periods: primordial germ cell-like cell (PGCLC) derivation, primary oocyte differentiation (in vitro differentiation: IVDi), oocyte growth to germinal vesicle (GV) oocytes (in vitro growth: IVG) and oocyte maturation (in vitro maturation: IVM). (researchsquare.com)
Effect of gonadotropins on the ability of 5,6-dichloro-1-beta-D-ribofuranosylbenzimidazole (DRB) to inhibit germinal vesicle breakdown in bovine oocytes. (ncsu.edu)

Oocytes are surrounded by cells, called cumulus cells, which regulate and assist the process of egg maturation. (health.am)

This leads to improved maturation and quality of the oocytes. (wikipedia.org)

As a result of a lower number of oocytes retrieved, there are fewer embryos to select and transfer, and subsequently these patients have lower pregnancy rates per transfer and lower cumulative pregnancy rates per started cycle compared with normal responders. (biomedcentral.com)
In this paper, we describe a scanning electrochemical microscopy (SECM) technique that is a non-invasive and sensitive method for measuring oxygen consumption by individual embryos. (bioone.org)
Oocytes, sperms, and embryos are shielded from oxidative stress in their natural environment by free radical scavengers found in oviductal and follicular fluids. (vetmedmosul.com)
Oocytes and embryos are not provided with this level of protection when in vitro production (9). (vetmedmosul.com)
Along with polyspermy, the suboptimal quality of IVF-derived pig embryos poses another challenge that needs to be addressed for in vitro production systems. (e-jarb.org)
For in vivo test: In vitro lifestyle and embryo freezing After IVF, oocytes encircled with cumulus cells had been placed in fresh new TCM-199 moderate, as well as the embryos had been co-cultured with cumulus cells, as previously defined [21]. (bioskinrevive.com)
The synchronization and ovulatory responses of Sangsari cross bred ewes and metabolism of energy substrates in 8-cell stage embryos to hatched blastocysts stage produced in vitro or in vivo were investigated. (biomedcentral.com)
Surgical embryo recovery was performed on Days 4 and 6 after onset of estrus (Day 0) and recovered embryos were subjected to comparative metabolism studies with in vitro derived embryos at the same stage of development. (biomedcentral.com)
While the pattern of oxidation was similar among in vitro and in vivo derived embryos, a low pyruvate to lactate ratio was the preferred substrate of embryos derived in vitro . (biomedcentral.com)
The production of CO2 from glucose by sheep embryos has been determined[ 3 ] and results have indicated that little glucose is utilized by the embryos of sheep and that blastocysts derived from oocytes, matured and fertilized in vitro , oxidized glucose at a lower rate than those developed in vivo . (biomedcentral.com)
The blastocyst stage of oocyte developed embryos was reached by 12.43±2.15% and 22.28±4.86% of the control and treatment groups, respectively. (sciencegate.app)
ABSTRACT We aimed to assess the effects of melatonin in the in vitro production of bovine embryos. (sciencegate.app)
Our experiment was further divided into two: the first was to assess the effect of different concentrations of melatonin (treatments) on the maturation rate of COCs, and the second was to assess the effects of melatonin treatments on the in vitro production of bovine embryos. (sciencegate.app)
Analysis of global gene expression in bovine embryos produced under different conditions can provide valuable information to optimize culture media for in vitro embryo production. (biomedcentral.com)
Importantly, in vitro production in the presence of serum appeared to have a different impact on the embryos according to their sex, with male embryos having three times more genes differentially expressed than their female counterparts (1283 vs. 456). (biomedcentral.com)
Male embryos appeared to be most affected by suboptimal in vitro culture, i.e. in the presence of serum. (biomedcentral.com)

Mammalian oocytes are maintained in meiotic prophase arrest for a very long time-months in mice, years in humans. (wikipedia.org)
Maturation of the mammalian oocyte is a complex process involving internal checkpoints and bidirectional communication with the surrounding cumulus cells. (biomedcentral.com)

Oogonia enter meiosis during embryonic development, becoming oocytes. (wikipedia.org)
Endometriosis affects the number of retrieved oocytes but not early embryonic development and live birth: a retrospective analysis of 716 IVF cycles. (ivi-rmainnovation.com)

In short, bovine ovaries extracted from an area slaughterhouse had been transported towards the lab. (bioskinrevive.com)
Matured oocytes had been inseminated with frozen-thawed semen from order MK-0822 a Japanese Dark bull (altered to 2 107 cells/ml) for 5 h at 38.5C within a humidified atmosphere with 5% CO2 in the surroundings, in 1 ml of BO solution containing 10 mg/ml bovine serum albumin and 10 g/ml heparin. (bioskinrevive.com)
It could be concluded that the presence of urea at 40 mg/dL in maturation medium reduced the percentage of bovine oocyte maturation in vitro. (sciencegate.app)
We used RNA sequencing to examine the effect of in vitro embryo production, in either serum-containing or serum-free media, on the global gene expression pattern of individual bovine blastocysts. (biomedcentral.com)

By 1991, the first human pregnancy was recorded using IVM followed by IVF, and in 1994 the first birth using IVM oocytes from polycystic ovarian syndrome patients was recorded highlighting that PCOS patient's oocytes are capable of maturation. (wikipedia.org)

In vivo development was assessed after transfer of injected oocytes to the oviducts of recipient mares. (bioone.org)

The in vitro embryo production (IVEP) is very stressful for gametes. (vetmedmosul.com)
As a result, developing a culture medium capable of effectively reducing ROS in vitro embryo production (IVEP) protocols is of tremendous importance (10). (vetmedmosul.com)
Since the development of in vitro embryo production in cattle, different supplements have been added to culture media to support embryo development, with serum being the most popular. (biomedcentral.com)
Since the initial development of in vitro embryo production, the technique has been applied successfully to many species for clinical, commercial, and research purposes. (biomedcentral.com)

After recovering the Cumulus oocytes complex, where matured in vitro for 24 hours in static a condition that include for juvenile oocyte, the supplementation with hundred micromolar of trehalose in maturation medium. (jove.com)
in 2015 showed that supplementation of CoQ10 in an aged animal model delayed decline in ovarian reserve, restored oocyte mitochondrial gene expression, and improved mitochondrial activity with a significant reduction in oocyte aneuploidy. (arvigen.com)
Since recent clinical studies have indicated that dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) supplementation may reverse the problem of oocyte quality, this review of the literature was undertaken in an attempt to find an explanation of why this is effective? (biomedcentral.com)
The pathways affected by in vitro production differed depending on the type of supplementation. (biomedcentral.com)

The aim of this study was to compare the complication rates of oocyte pick-up (OPU) procedures via transvaginal ultrasonography in patients with different levels of ovarian reserve. (ecerm.org)

Oogenesis starts with the process of developing primary oocytes, which occurs via the transformation of oogonia into primary oocytes , a process called oocytogenesis . (wikipedia.org)

The secondary oocyte was paused partway through meiosis II (see Chapter 9). (pediagenosis.com)

Diagram showing the reduction in number of the chromosomes in the process of maturation of the ovum . (wikipedia.org)
oocytogenesis , ootidogenesis , and finally maturation to form an ovum (oogenesis proper). (wikipedia.org)

Through in vitro maturation, folliculogenesis and latter parts of oogenesis are being mimicked outside of the ovaries- trying to recreate the conditions for these processes. (wikipedia.org)
Biomechanical forces and signals operating in the ovary during folliculogenesis and their dysregulation: implications for fertility. (ivi-rmainnovation.com)

To characterize the effect of artificially increasing MIR21 on oocyte competence without inhibiting GVBD, a MIR21 mimic, scrambled microRNA negative control, or nuclease free water was micro-injected into denuded oocytes at 21 h of IVM. (biomedcentral.com)

Further, melatonin and its receptors play a significant role in antioxidant defense mechanism of ovary for follicular growth and maturation. (jrhm.org)

However, as the oocyte grows, these proteins are synthesized, and meiotic arrest becomes dependent on cyclic AMP . (wikipedia.org)
In the oocyte, cyclic GMP prevents the breakdown of cyclic AMP by the phosphodiesterase PDE3, and thus maintains meiotic arrest. (wikipedia.org)
The decreased quality of oocytes involves an increased rate of chromosomal aneuploidy with aging predominantly related to meiotic errors during oocyte maturation. (arvigen.com)
Inhibition of nuclear meiotic maturation via IBMX significantly increased MIR21 and decreased its target, PDCD4. (biomedcentral.com)
Our results indicate MIR21 is active and important during meiotic maturation of the oocyte. (biomedcentral.com)
The oocyte must maintain arrest at the diplotene stage until meiotic resumption occurs. (biomedcentral.com)
Of particular interest is understanding the role of non-coding RNA in regulating meiotic checkpoints in the oocyte, particularly that of microRNA-21 (MIR21). (biomedcentral.com)

Only a few oocytes (eggs) per IVF treatment cycle are able to produce a pregnancy because many eggs have the wrong number of chromosomes. (health.am)
They characterized two genes - SPSB2 and TP5313 - and found that the expression of these genes was consistently underrepresented in cumulus cells that surrounded abnormal eggs, while these same genes were normally expressed in eggs with the correct number of chromosomes. (health.am)
Next, 600 oocytes were then stained with 1% aceto-orcein to examine maturation based on changes in the configuration of chromosomes and nuclear membrane breakdown. (sciencegate.app)

The embryo was moved in to the uterine horn non-surgically, ipsilateral towards the ovary with corpus luteum. (bioskinrevive.com)

Percoll treatment increased the rate of oocyte penetration and blastocyst formation compared to the control. (e-jarb.org)
The large volume of medium significantly reduced the number of dead oocytes and increased the rate of blastocyst formation compared to the small volume. (e-jarb.org)

Oogenesis incorporates a unique sequence of differentiation processes, during which biologically significant events such as meiosis and oocyte growth are orchestrated with communication to surrounding somatic cells. (researchsquare.com)

In control group (P0), the COCs were matured in vitro in a maturation medium without urea addition, meanwhile in the P1 and P2 groups, the medium was added with urea 20 and 40 mg/dL, respectively. (sciencegate.app)
The cumulus-oocyte complexes (COCs) were distributed among treatments at concentrations of 0, 10-1, 10-3 and 10-5 µMol/L melatonin. (sciencegate.app)

A small number of primordial oocytes start to grow, while others remain quiescent. (go.jp)
In this review, we summarize the results regarding the activation of primordial oocytes in neonatal and adult ovaries of different species and propose a model in which ovaries of neonatal mammals contain a mixed population of both quiescent and activated primordial oocytes, while almost all primordial oocytes are quiescent in adult females. (go.jp)
These quiescent primordial oocytes are activated, perhaps by certain mechanisms involving the interaction between stimulatory and inhibitory factors, to enter the growth phase. (go.jp)

They include metabolic products highly associated with ovarian function - amino acids for regulating pH and osmolarity, lipids such fatty acids and cholesterols for oocyte maturation, and glucocorticoids for ovarian steroidogenesis. (biomedcentral.com)

Aceto-orcein staining was conducted to evaluate the maturation of oocytes based on the achievement of metaphase II phase that is indicated by the presence of metaphase plate and/or first polar body. (sciencegate.app)
Oocytes were considered mature when they reached metaphase II. (sciencegate.app)

The granulosa cells produce a small molecule, cyclic GMP , that diffuses into the oocyte through the gap junctions. (wikipedia.org)
[5] Because the granulosa cells and oocyte are connected by gap junctions, cyclic GMP also decreases in the oocyte, causing meiosis to resume. (wikipedia.org)
At the end of 15 days, five mice in each group were euthanized and the ovaries were analyzed for follicular morphometry and granulosa cell count. (biomedcentral.com)
In affected ovaries, oxygenation of follicular fluid is low, ultrastructural disturbances especially of mitochondria, occur in granulosa cells and oocytes, and considerable disturbances of meiosis occur. (biomedcentral.com)

GRFi appears to delay puberty in heifers because decreased serum IGF-I impairs the ovary’s ability to synthesize preovulatory concentrations of E2, thereby delaying stimulation of an LH surge. (ncsu.edu)

Therefore, in future, melatonin can be implicated as preferable therapeutic especially in IVF and assisted reproductive techniques. (jrhm.org)
Apart from pineal, several extra pineal sites of melatonin biosynthesis in mammals have been identified including skin, retina, gut, ovary, and testis. (jrhm.org)

Moreover, brief exposure during puberty may induce silent oocyte disruption, which could in turn lead to decreased fecundity rates. (biomedcentral.com)

One thousand five hundred cumulus-oocyte complexes were matured for 24 h in tissue culture medium 199 supplemented with 50 IU/L FSH or without FSH (control). (sciencegate.app)

Materials and Methods: Experiment was conducted at the Laboratory of Animal Physiology and Reproduction, Faculty of Animal Science, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, using Bligon goat ovaries obtained from local slaughterhouse around Yogyakarta. (sciencegate.app)

The oocytes are then cultured in media containing nutrients important for oocyte survival, such as gonadotrophins, growth factors and steroids. (wikipedia.org)

Even if a patient's reserve is very good, fewer and higher-quality oocytes should be targeted with the use of the lowest possible dose of drugs. (ecerm.org)

This is the final maturation step of the spermatozoa. (pediagenosis.com)

After selection, a group of five juvenile oocytes were conditioned at 38.5 Celsius degrees in base medium for two minutes. (jove.com)
The selected oocytes are then matured in an incubator of 5% CO2, a temperature of 38.5 °C for 24 hours. (ifory.id)

Oocyte pick-up (OPU) via transvaginal ultrasonography is a commonly used oocyte collection method that is less invasive than other methods [ 4 ]. (ecerm.org)

The maintaining of oocyte potential viability after longterm storage represent a tool of great opportunity, as it would improve domestic animal breeding by genetic selection programs, contribute to preserve biodiversity through wildlife species conservation, and increase the research in biotechnology. (jove.com)

After that, oocytes are collected by slicing and only oocytes with a cytoplasmic are homongent and have compact cumulus cells used in the study. (ifory.id)

Indeed, efforts have been made to reconstitute in vitro oogenesis, 1-3 though none of them succeeded in the production of functional oocytes from pluripotent stem cells. (researchsquare.com)
Here, we established a culture system in which the entire process of oogenesis is reconstituted in a dish, yielding in vitro-generated oocytes that are capable of full-term development to healthy pups. (researchsquare.com)

The protocol aims at providing a standard method for the vitrification of adult and juvenile sheep oocytes. (jove.com)
In this video, we describe a protocol for the vitrification of sheep oocyte, collected from both juvenile and adult donors, and in vitro matured to prior to cryopreservation. (jove.com)
We think that primordial oocytes in adult mammals are different from those in neonatal mammals. (go.jp)
FOXO3 is considered one of the molecules responsible for the dormancy of primordial oocytes in adult ovaries. (go.jp)

Vitrifaction by ultrarapid cooling and warming is considered a standard approach in cattle oocyte preservation. (jove.com)

Oocytes are classified depending on their condition, such as number of cumulus cells. (wikipedia.org)
Following in vitro maturation, the oocytes were denuded of Cumulus cells mechanically by gently pipetting and examined under stereo microscope, with 60x magnification. (jove.com)
In this study, Yale Fertility Center director Pasquale Patrizio, M.D., and Dagan Wells of the University of Oxford studied genes expressed in the cumulus cells. (health.am)
The identification of these genes in cumulus cells can serve as a novel, non-invasive marker to identify abnormal oocytes and thus ultimately improve IVF success rates," said Patrizio, professor in the Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology & Reproductive Sciences at Yale. (health.am)
We can use cumulus cells surrounding the eggs to gain insight into the health of an egg. (health.am)
The two cells that result from this division are the definitive oocyte and the second polar body. (pediagenosis.com)
First, matured oocytes were evaluated its morphology based on the expansion of cumulus cells and PB1 extrusion. (sciencegate.app)
The following is our step-by-step protocol for producing functional oocytes from pluripotent stem cells. (researchsquare.com)
Endometrial Cells Acutely Exposed to Phthalates In Vitro Do Not Phenocopy Endometriosis. (ivi-rmainnovation.com)

Adhesions - Scar-like tissue that abnormally attaches to internal organs, such as the fallopian tubes, ovaries, bladder, uterus or other internal organs. (nordicalagos.org)

They showed maturation occurs in isolation from normal follicular environment. (wikipedia.org)
Oocyte meiosis, important to all animal life cycles yet unlike all other instances of animal cell division, occurs completely without the aid of spindle -coordinating centrosomes . (wikipedia.org)

This technique is also used in sheep, pigs and other animals. (wikipedia.org)

The second polar body receives little cytoplasm, allowing the definitive oocyte to maintain its size. (pediagenosis.com)

Anatomy5

Organisms3

Chemicals and Drugs1

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment5

Phenomena and Processes7

Fertilization29

Mature oocytes3

Follicle17

Follicles9

Increased oocyte maturation rate2

Porcine3

Ovulation2

Sperm19

Germinal vesicle3

Called cumulus cells1

Quality of the oocytes1

Embryos16

Mammalian2

Embryonic development2

Bovine4

Polycystic ovarian1

Vivo1

Embryo production4

Supplementation4

Ovarian reserve1

Primary oocytes1

Secondary oocyte1

Ovum2

Folliculogenesis2

Competence1

Follicular growth1

Meiotic7

Chromosomes3

Corpus luteum1

Blastocyst2

Differentiation1

COCs2

Quiescent3

Steroidogenesis1

Metaphase2

Granulosa4

Preovulatory1

Melatonin2

Fecundity1

Complexes1

Slaughterhouse1

Growth1

Patient's1

Spermatozoa1

38.52

Methods1

Species1

Cytoplasmic1

Oogenesis2

Adult4

Cattle1

Cells9

Uterus1

Occurs2

Sheep1

Polar body1