• Ascitic fluid infection in patients with hepatitis B virus-related liver cirrhosis: Culture-negative neutrocytic ascites versus spontaneous bacterial peritonitis. (wustl.edu)
  • Abstract Background and Aim: Ascitic fluid infection (AFI) consists of culture-negative neutrocytic ascites (CNNA) and spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP). (wustl.edu)
  • The coelomic cavities of 17 turtles contained fluid interpreted as ascites, possibly associated with hypoproteinemia. (vin.com)
  • There were significantly higher levels of IL-6 in ascites fluid compared to blood samples in all patients. (frontiersin.org)
  • Ascites Ascites is free fluid in the peritoneal cavity. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Pathological accumulation of fluid in the peritoneal cavity is called as ascites , and the accumulated fluid is called as ascitic fluid. (com.pk)
  • Laboratory analysis of ascitic fluid helps in the differential diagnosis of ascites. (com.pk)
  • Estimation of serum and ascitic fluid albumin allows calculation of serum-ascites albumin gradient (SAAG) that allows categorization of ascites into low and high SAAG. (com.pk)
  • Ascitic aspiration (tap) is routinely performed for every patient admitted with ascites to identify the underlying cause. (mindthebleep.com)
  • When draining ascites, a relatively common complication is hypotension secondary to fluid shifts. (mindthebleep.com)
  • Advance the needle in 5mm increments, draw back and if no blood aspirated inject a small amount of anaesthetic, keep going until you reach ascitic fluid - this confirms its presence and the depth of penetration needed to reach the ascites. (mindthebleep.com)
  • There are two types of ascitic fluid infections, namely spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (PAS) and negatively cultured neutrocytic ascites (CNNA). (iajps.com)
  • By definition, in the culture negative neutrocytic ascites (CNNA), the number of polymorphonuclear cells is equal to or greater than 250 / mm3 and there are no source of infection in the abdomen. (iajps.com)
  • Culture negative neutrocytic ascites was detected in 150 (60%) patients. (iajps.com)
  • Tissue: liver, ascites fluid. (hsanmartino.it)
  • The diagnosis of SBP requires paracentesis, a sampling of the peritoneal fluid taken from the peritoneal cavity. (wikipedia.org)
  • diagnosis requires a high index of suspicion and liberal use of diagnostic paracentesis, including culture. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Abdominal paracentesis refers to the removal of ascitic fluid through puncture of the peritoneal cavity. (com.pk)
  • A palliative paracentesis is performed with uncomplicated extraction of 4 liters of translucent, straw-colored fluid. (ddxof.com)
  • Occasionally a patient may have a therapeutic aspiration where a larger volume is aspirated to relieve pressure if a drain is deemed inappropriate but usually ascitic paracentesis is used (a drain). (mindthebleep.com)
  • When the above medium was used to replace veal heart infusion, it was found that T. dentium still had an absolute requirement for ascitic fluid or rabbit serum. (archive.org)
  • To determine the active components present in ascitic fluid or rabbit serum, the supplemented P P L 0 medium was used as a base, and the various fractions to be assayed were added aseptically after filter sterilization. (archive.org)
  • Description: A sandwich ELISA kit for detection of A Disintegrin And Metalloprotease 9 from Rat in samples from blood, serum, plasma, cell culture fluid and other biological fluids. (scalegen.com)
  • Description: Quantitativesandwich ELISA kit for measuring Human A Disintegrin And Metalloprotease 9, ADAM9 in samples from serum, plasma, tissue homogenates, cell culture supernates, asciticfluid. (scalegen.com)
  • Supplementation of the medium with serum, blood or ascitic fluid, it supports the growth of fastidious organisms such as, Neisseria meningitides, Haemophilus influenzae, Streptococcus pneumoniae etc. (tmmedia.in)
  • The commonly performed tests include estimation of total proteins and albumin, cell count, cytological examination, and bacterial culture. (com.pk)
  • If inserting an ascitic drain for a patient with cirrhosis, remember that the catheter is usually removed after 6L of fluid or by 6 hours (whichever comes sooner). (mindthebleep.com)
  • Higher morbidity and mortality occur in patients with liver cirrhosis as a result of ascitic fluid infection. (iajps.com)
  • We report a case of culture-proven salmonella in a patient with decompensated cirrhosis, with low protein and without any underlying immunosuppression, and no other source to explain its origin. (archive.org)
  • Ascitic fluid cultures from consecutive patients with cirrhosis from 2008 to 2018 were reviewed retrospectively, and patients with SBP and BA were identified. (unimib.it)
  • Peritoneal signs (eg, abdominal tenderness and rebound) are present but may be somewhat diminished by the presence of ascitic fluid. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Because SBP usually results from a single organism, finding mixed flora on culture suggests a perforated abdominal viscus or contaminated specimen. (msdmanuals.com)
  • A hollow needle is inserted through the abdominal wall (usually left lower quadrant of the abdomen below the border of shifting dullness) into the peritoneal cavity (Figure 1186.1) and fluid (20-50 ml) is removed under aseptic precautions. (com.pk)
  • No acid-fast bacilli were seen on multiple samples, including ascitic fluid, and he received treatment for presumptive abdominal tuberculosis (TB). (cdc.gov)
  • Ascitic fluid analysis and abdominal imaging aids in diagnosis in majority of cases. (journalcra.com)
  • The following measures are helpful used for the CNNA diagnosis (1) neutrophil count above 250/mm3 (2) culture negative ascetic fluid (3) absence of any intra-abdominal infection (4) no antibiotic received in the last one month (5) no clinical evidence of pancreatitis. (iajps.com)
  • Cultures revealed a strain identified as M. tuberculosis subsp. (cdc.gov)
  • Mycobacterium tuberculosis was subsequently cultured after 12 days. (cdc.gov)
  • The cultured M. tuberculosis was subsequently confirmed as multidrug resistant ( Technical Appendix Table). (cdc.gov)
  • It is specifically an infection of the ascitic fluid - an increased volume of peritoneal fluid. (wikipedia.org)
  • If the fluid contains large numbers of white blood cells known as neutrophils (>250 cells/µL), infection is confirmed and antibiotics will be given, without waiting for culture results. (wikipedia.org)
  • Infection of the peritoneum causes an inflammatory reaction with a subsequent increase in the number of neutrophils in the fluid. (wikipedia.org)
  • CNNA is a type of ascitic fluid infection first described in 1984. (iajps.com)
  • Method A retrospective study was carried out looking at ascitic drain insertions at Queen Elizabeth district general hospital over the three month period up to 31/3/2014. (bmj.com)
  • An ascitic drain is a very safe procedure overall but definitely requires close supervision. (mindthebleep.com)
  • At this point either follow instructions for your local ascitic drain pack or proceed to an ascitic tap using Z tracking technique - Insert a 21 gauge needle on a 20 or 50ml and advance while aspirating until fluid is withdrawn. (mindthebleep.com)
  • In comparison, the prevalence, microbiological flora, and prognostic significance of bacterascites (BA) (the presence of organism on culture but ascitic PMN <250 cells/mm(3)) is largely unknown. (unimib.it)
  • Unlike pleural fluid, there are no well-defined criteria for distinction between transudates and exudates. (com.pk)
  • Thus, liver transplantation should be considered, irrespective of culture positivity of ascitic fluid. (wustl.edu)
  • Aerobic culture of the liver and lung was performed on one animal (Table 1). (vin.com)
  • Remove the needle and apply sterile dressing - send fluid for MC&S, Biochemistry and cytology. (mindthebleep.com)
  • Binary logistic regression analysis showed that culture positivity of ascitic fluid (CNNA vs SBP) was the only independent predictor of in-hospital mortality (P = 0.042). (wustl.edu)
  • In a Cox regression model for the 120 patients (92.3%) who survived the first episode of AFI, only the Child-Pugh score remained significant for survival (P = 0.007), whereas no association was observed for culture positivity of ascitic fluid (CNNA vs SBP) during the first episode of AFI (P = 0.752). (wustl.edu)
  • Lie the patient on the side with the puncture wound up to minimise fluid leakage. (mindthebleep.com)
  • As for the significance of ascitic fluid proteins, it was demonstrated that cirrhotic patients with ascitic protein concentrations below 1 g/dL were 10 times more likely to develop SBP than individuals with higher concentrations. (wikipedia.org)
  • Even though the exact insight mechanisms of how ascitic fluid exert to ovarian cancer cells is poorly defined, my research suggests that ascitic fluid can increase expression of oncogenic proteins in ovarian cancer cells and reduce the cellular uptake of targeted drugs. (otago.ac.nz)
  • Turbid fluid results from leucocytes, malignant cells, or proteins. (com.pk)
  • Preliminary results of gross pathology and bacterial culture (Table 1) for 65 turtles are presented. (vin.com)
  • From the patients' ascitic fluids, 334 pathogenic strains, including 178 Gram-negative bacterial strains, 138 Gram-positive bacterial strains and 18 other microbial strains were isolated. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Ascitic Fluid-Cell Count & Type/Glucose & Prot. (maxlab.co.in)
  • SBP is diagnosed if the fluid contains neutrophils at greater than 250 cells per mm3 (equals a cell count of 250 x106/L) fluid in the absence of another reason for this (such as inflammation of one of the internal organs or a perforation). (wikipedia.org)
  • This concept becomes more challenging when evaluating hematolymphoid neoplasm in body fluid. (cytojournal.com)
  • Differentiating between low-grade lymphoma and reactive lymphocytes is often difficult by morphology alone as reactive lymphoid cells may acquire activation morphology from being exposed to different cytokines within the body fluid. (cytojournal.com)
  • In large cell lymphoma and leukemia cells involvement of body fluid this concept becomes less challenging. (cytojournal.com)
  • In this work, we used cytotoxicity and enzymatic assays and morphological analysis to examine the effects of a proteolysis-inducing factor (PIF)-like molecule purified from ascitic fluid of Walker tumour-bearing rats (WF), which has been suggested to be responsible for muscle atrophy, on cultured C 2 C 12 muscle cells. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Despite wealth information of these tyrosine kinase expressions and activation, little is known about the biological activity of tyrosine kinases in ovarian cancer cells are present in ascitic fluid. (otago.ac.nz)
  • This project is investigating the expression and activation of tyrosine kinases in ovarian cancer cells isolated from ascitic fluid. (otago.ac.nz)
  • In addition, the ascitic fluid contains various of cell types including white blood cells, mesenchymal cells, red blood cells and ovarian cancer cells (single cells and clusters). (otago.ac.nz)
  • In recent years, a few studies have started to investigate the biological activity of ascitic fluid,which is believed to influence behavior of ovarian cancer cells. (otago.ac.nz)
  • The peritoneal cavity is a potential space in the abdomen lined by mesothelial cells and normally containing about 30-50 ml of serous fluid. (com.pk)
  • It is modified slightly from the chapter by the initial authors in the first edition of Diagnostic Cytopathology of Serous Fluids. (cytojournal.com)
  • The ascitic fluid contains a mixture of cytokines, growth factors, chemokines and bioactive lipid molecules. (otago.ac.nz)
  • In practice, the term "cell culture" now refers to the culturing of cells derived from multicellular eukaryotes , especially animal cells, in contrast with other types of culture that also grow cells, such as plant tissue culture , fungal culture, and microbiological culture (of microbes ). (wikipedia.org)
  • If SBP is diagnosed, an antibiotic such as ceftriaxone or cefotaxime 2 g IV every 4 to 8 hours (pending Gram stain and culture results) is given for at least 5 days and until ascitic fluid shows 250 PMNs/mcL. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Initial ascitic fluid analysis results showed a leukocyte count of 680/mm3, majority being neutrophil (60%) with BGN in coloration with Gram, protein at 20.4 Unit/I. (archive.org)
  • Moreover, patients with higher blood CRP levels showed greater SBP prevalence compared to patients with lower levels, despite similar positive culture results. (frontiersin.org)
  • Antibiotic prophylaxis in ascitic patients with variceal hemorrhage decreases the risk of SBP. (msdmanuals.com)
  • A retrospective study was performed on 334 patients with culture-positive SBP at Beijing Youan Hospital, China, between January 2012 and December 2016. (biomedcentral.com)
  • I tend to offer lidocaine in an ascitic tap but many patients decline as they do not want two needles. (mindthebleep.com)
  • Additional studies have confirmed the validity of the ascitic fluid protein concentration as the best predictor of the first episode of SBP. (wikipedia.org)
  • Tissue culture commonly refers to the culture of animal cells and tissues, with the more specific term plant tissue culture being used for plants. (wikipedia.org)
  • The historical development and methods of cell culture are closely interrelated to those of tissue culture and organ culture . (wikipedia.org)
  • Since Haberlandt's original assertions, methods for tissue and cell culture have been realized, leading to significant discoveries in biology and medicine. (wikipedia.org)
  • Moaven A, Reddy S, Wayne S. Standardizing Methods in Culturing Ascitic Fluid: A Project in Quality Improvement UVMMC. (uvmhealth.org)
  • Viral culture is also related, with cells as hosts for the viruses. (wikipedia.org)
  • Growing viruses in cell cultures allowed preparation of purified viruses for the manufacture of vaccines . (wikipedia.org)
  • It is thought that the antibacterial, or opsonic, activity of ascitic fluid is closely correlated with the protein concentration. (wikipedia.org)
  • Maximal growth occurred when the fluid enrichments were present in a 10 to 20% concentration. (archive.org)
  • Examination demonstrates a distended abdomen which is non-tender, dull to percussion and with a palpable fluid wave. (ddxof.com)
  • The patient is observed briefly in the emergency department, noted symptomatic improvement and was discharged with a plan for telephone follow-up of fluid culture results. (ddxof.com)
  • Following the interventions, there was also more consistency with the presciption of plasma plasma expanders and improved rates of ascitic fluid inoculation into blood culture bottles. (bmj.com)
  • The hybridomas were injected intraperitoneally into BALB/c mice to produce MAb-containing ascitic fluids. (chinaagrisci.com)
  • Ascitic fluid analysis shows 90 white blood cells of which 10% are polymorphonuclear. (ddxof.com)
  • Most cells require a surface or an artificial substrate to form an adherent culture as a monolayer (one single-cell thick), whereas others can be grown free floating in a medium as a suspension culture . (wikipedia.org)
  • Cell culture or tissue culture is the process by which cells are grown under controlled conditions, generally outside of their natural environment. (wikipedia.org)
  • The lifespan of most cells is genetically determined, but some cell-culturing cells have been "transformed" into immortal cells which will reproduce indefinitely if the optimal conditions are provided. (wikipedia.org)
  • [12] He suggested that the potentialities of individual cells via tissue culture as well as that the reciprocal influences of tissues on one another could be determined by this method. (wikipedia.org)
  • [ 4 . 5 ] Adding to the challenge, classic lymphoglandular bodies, representing remnants of lymphocyte cytoplasm, are typically inconspicuous or absent in effusion fluids, in contrast to FNA material from solid specimens. (cytojournal.com)
  • However, 2 days later, ascitic fluid culture showed presence of Salmonella species, which was multi-sensitive. (archive.org)
  • [6] In 1885 Wilhelm Roux removed a section of the medullary plate of an embryonic chicken and maintained it in a warm saline solution for several days, establishing the basic principle of tissue culture. (wikipedia.org)
  • Three strains of Treponema dentium were isolated in a veal heart infusion medium enriched with 10% ascitic fluid prepared according to the method of R. J. Fitzgerald and E. G. Hampp (J. Dental Res. (archive.org)
  • veal heart infusion-ascitic fluid medium. (archive.org)
  • Cell culture techniques were advanced significantly in the 1940s and 1950s to support research in virology . (wikipedia.org)
  • The injectable polio vaccine developed by Jonas Salk was one of the first products mass-produced using cell culture techniques. (wikipedia.org)
  • This vaccine was made possible by the cell culture research of John Franklin Enders , Thomas Huckle Weller , and Frederick Chapman Robbins , who were awarded a Nobel Prize for their discovery of a method of growing the virus in monkey kidney cell cultures. (wikipedia.org)
  • To understand these factors, I am using three dimensional (3D) cell cultures, chicken embryos and a syngeneic mouse model to investigate the biological activity in ovarian cancer. (otago.ac.nz)
  • Method】Using the purified WMV particles as an immunogen, hybridoma lines secreting MAbs specific for WMV were obtained via cell fusion, cell culture, antibody detection and cell cloning. (chinaagrisci.com)
  • Description: This is Double-antibody Sandwich Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for detection of Rat A Disintegrin And Metalloprotease 9 (ADAM9) in Tissue homogenates, cell lysates and other biological fluids. (scalegen.com)
  • Description: tissue homogenates, cell lysates and other biological fluids. (scalegen.com)
  • Inactivated Vero cell culture-derived JE vaccine (Ixiaro [JE-VC]) is the only JE vaccine that is licensed and available in the United States. (cdc.gov)