Crystallization processes. Medical search. Frequent questions

The paper explains why the Stanford process can produce such an ideal lattice -- quick-evaporation of the solution coupled with the thinness of the liquid were part of the trick, but more surprises were in store. (esciencenews.com)
Fives' Cail & Fletcher barometric condenser provides deep and stable vacuum for sugar crystallization, evaporation and filtration. (fivesgroup.com)
Even a seemingly simple product such as granulated sugar went through several carefully designed separation processes (leaching, filtration, evaporation, crystallisation, centrifugation and drying) before being packed and transported to the store where you bought it. (lu.se)

In order to obtain more insights about the process and to obtain supporting evidence for the tow-step nucleation mechanism (2) and theory we investigated the nucleation process and early crystallization events for various proteins, applying complementary biophysical methods (3,4,5). (lu.se)
At the LP3 crystallisation and biophysical laboratory, you can carry out a wide variety of robot-assisted crystallisation experiments in nano volumes as well as screen for a large number of buffer conditions to stabilize their sample. (lu.se)
As such, we provide services and make equipment available in the areas of recombinant protein production, crystallisation, biophysical characterization, and structure determination. (lu.se)

We have shown that conventional protein A chromatography can be replaced with a single crystallization step and gram-scale production can be achieved in continuous flow using the template-assisted membrane crystallization process. (bvsalud.org)
Charlotta Turner researches the challenge of how to replace organic solvents with supercritical carbon dioxide and pressurized hot water, in separation processes such as extraction, chromatography, and crystallization. (lu.se)

In a more far-reaching sense, the experiments reveal new ways to study and control crystallization, both of which will benefit other fields, such as pharmaceutical manufacturing, where the potency of pills can depend upon precisely controlling the crystal structure of active ingredients. (esciencenews.com)
The dataset includes Crystalline instrument datafiles (MDB_File) and Crystalline image analysis datafiles (MDB_Img) from small scale crystallisation experiments. (strath.ac.uk)
Allows setting up crystallisation drops with volumes as low as 50 nl protein + 50 nl reservoir and 1-3 protein samples per condition, thus 96-288 experiments can be done in one plate. (lu.se)
Performs automatic imaging of crystallisation experiments at 20 °C using visible and UV light. (lu.se)

Within these industries his research is targeting the integration and optimisation of membrane processes as stand-alone units and as part of hybrid processes. (lu.se)
Using nanoliter volumes this liquid handling system pipets your optimisation screen directly into the crystallisation plate (pipetting range: 200 nL - 4 mL). (lu.se)

Crystallization Process Systems gives a clear, concise, balanced and up to date presentation of crystallization and solid-liquid separation of the crystalline product. (elsevier.com)
Crystallization is also a chemical solid-liquid separation technique, in which mass transfer of a solute from the liquid solution to a pure solid crystalline phase occurs. (wikipedia.org)
A new process called the surfactant-crystallization method is used to fabricate crystalline Ge thin films. (elsevierpure.com)
But the importance of the process is far larger: precipitation of solids from solution is a key process in chemistry, and many pharmaceuticals are sold in crystalline form. (databasefootball.com)

The two pre-crystallization processes generated significantly different structures and storage stability. (ku.dk)
This allows users to have their crystals rapidly evaluated for diffraction and LP3 can also offer the possibility to process data and solve structures. (lu.se)
LP3 can further process data, solve and refine protein structures. (lu.se)

Includes protein crystallization, data collection at MAX IV, data processing, structure determination and modelling, as well as a simple exercise in ligand docking. (lu.se)
LP3 and PPS offer services for the entire process chain of production, purification, characterization, protein crystallisation and protein structure determination and structure refinement, or each individual step in the chain. (lu.se)

The procedure provides details on how to establish the optimal parameters for separation ( crystallization conditions, choice of templates, choice of membrane ) and advice on analytical and characterization methods . (bvsalud.org)

PhD students in industrial crystallization or other solids processes. (elsevier.com)
There are many open questions about this process: are the initial clusters liquid-like or amorphous solids? (databasefootball.com)

In this work, the effects of processing conditions within a gas antisolvent (GAS) crystallization method, such as pressure, stirring rate, and temperature, as well as the type of solvent used and the presence of an additive, on the polymorphism of indomethacin were studied. (ul.ie)

We design premium equipment for every step of the sugar crystallization process to help streamline plant operations of any size. (fivesgroup.com)

An Application to Growth Processes. (maa.org)
The major part of our research combines these two steps, using in-situ transmission electron microscopy to understand semiconductor nanostructure growth processes in real time. (lu.se)
4) We use them as a convenient model system for an investigation of crystallization, melting and domain growth processes and develop analogies to classical materials such as alloys. (lu.se)

Crystallization is a very basic chemical process: schoolchildren can witness it with their own eyes. (sciencedaily.com)
In chemical engineering, crystallization occurs in a crystallizer. (wikipedia.org)
The crystallization process consists of two major events, nucleation and crystal growth which are driven by thermodynamic properties as well as chemical properties. (wikipedia.org)
Alfa Laval offer AlfaFlash ZLD systems for crystallization chemical recycling loops (leaching) and more. (alfalaval.com)
The results show a heterogeneous mineral composition illustrative of the chemical evolution of calc-alkaline basic magmas during crystallization. (ucm.es)
It is anessential reference source for students of chemical engineering, for professionals in this field (as well as related disciplines such as applied chemistry, chemical technology, and process engineering), and for anyone with an interest in the subject. (lu.se)
Coulson and Richardson's Chemical Engineering: Volume 1A: Fluid Flow: Fundamentals and Applications, Seventh Edition, covers momentum transfer (fluid flow) which is one of the three main transport processes of interest to chemical engineers. (lu.se)

A Tecan liquid handling system and a Dragonfly liquid handler for the preparation of focused crystallisation screens are also available. (lu.se)

Most business processes are fluid, with a few constraints. (mooreds.com)

In situ GIWAXS visualizes the BA-related intermediate phase formation at the bottom of film, which serves as a guiding template for the bottom-up quasi-epitaxial growth in the subsequent annealing process. (edu.hk)
Both terms accurately describe the geological processes involved in the formation of mountains and continents. (proprofs.com)
Common examples of crystallization are the formation of snowflakes and ice crystals, crystallization of honey and other forms of sugar, and the classic example of the salt crystals left behind when water is evaporated from a briny solution. (databasefootball.com)
In particular we are interested in understanding the formation of novel nanostructures, and how the dynamics of the crystallization process lead to new and size-dependent properties. (lu.se)
The project follows the well-established tradition of using colloids as model systems in condensed matter research to unravel basic phenomena such as phase transitions, crystallization and glass formation. (lu.se)
However, the early process is governed by the formation of liquid dense clusters as initial step, followed by the transition to higher order assemblies inside these clusters (7). (lu.se)
This process is pH-dependent, and increases in urinary pH levels appear to be more important in the formation of this complex than are increases in available citrate per se. (medscape.com)
[ 3 ] In addition, urinary citrate excretion can increase urinary pH, which is a factor in uric acid crystallization and uric acid stone formation, as well as in the calcium-citrate-phosphate complex formation described above. (medscape.com)

A workflow for the development of template-assisted membrane crystallization downstream processing for monoclonal antibody purification. (bvsalud.org)
Results of solution purification and crystallization studies are also presented. (cdc.gov)

Consequently, to produce the enormous volume of rock we see on the earth, James Hutton assumed that geological processes continued over eons of time. (creation.com)

Crystallization methods that use supercritical carbon dioxide as an antisolvent can create unique solid forms of APIs, with a particular tendency to generate metastable polymorphic forms. (ul.ie)

This system will help our customer to enhance their quality monitoring and optimize their processes. (pixact.fi)

Solubility data is important for pharmaceutical formulation and process design. (aiche.org)
The determination of an accurate solubility curve is critical for efficient design of the crystallization process. (aiche.org)
Also, the solubility curve was developed for form III and II at various temperatures for future crystallization applications. (aiche.org)
Supersaturation is one of the driving forces of crystallization, as the solubility of a species is an equilibrium process quantified by Ksp. (wikipedia.org)

Detailed instructions on specimen collection and processing can be found in the NHANES Laboratory/Medical Technologists Procedures Manual (LPM). (cdc.gov)

The templates are embedded in a membrane (e.g., porous polyvinylidene fluoride with a layer of polymerized polyvinyl alcohol ) and serve as nucleants for crystallization . (bvsalud.org)
Ann-Sofi Jönsson has over thirty years of research experience of membrane processes. (lu.se)
Membrane processes are considered to be key components in all bioprocesses, and they can be used for both fractionation and concentration of biomass components. (lu.se)
Frank's research focuses on separation processes, in particular membrane processes in the food, biotech, and pulp industries, plus biorefineries as well as water and wastewater treatment. (lu.se)
For crystallisation, the facility is equipped with state-of-the-art nanolitre pipetting equipment with capability to handle lipidic cubic phases for membrane proteins, as well as a plate hotels with the capacity to store and automatically image crystallisation plates. (lu.se)
Practically all unit operations of process engineering can be redesigned as membrane unit operations (e. g. membrane distillation, membrane crystallization, membrane stripping, membrane scrubbing). (lu.se)

during pre-treatment of the raw material, during the downstream processing of the reaction solution, and lastly when concentrating and purifying the final products. (lu.se)

In this work, the Supercritical AntiSolvent (SAS) process has been used to generate micronized crystals of Sulfathiazole (STZ) from different organic solutions, namely acetone, acetonitrile, tetrahydrofuran and acetic acid. (m2p2.fr)

We watch crystallization take place every winter when ice crystals form on our windows. (sciencedaily.com)
Its steady, reversible flow rate and low rotation speed preserve sugar crystals throughout the pumping process. (fivesgroup.com)
Further, a better understanding of the nucleation process is of fundamental importance to grow crystals of desired dimensions. (lu.se)

At Snapdragon Chemistry, now part of Cambrex, our chemists specialize in creating custom solutions and technologies to take on your toughest process development and production challenges. (cambrexprofarmacomilano.biz)
At BrightWater our own chemists spent several years developing the Advanced Crystallisation Process (ACP). (brightwaterenvironmental.co.uk)

However, till now the nucleation process is discussed in theory and experiment differently (1), and till now no clear and unambiguous information is available. (lu.se)
The effect of buffer conditions and additives on protein stability can be probed, which is useful in preparation for a crystallisation experiment. (lu.se)

Crystallization is therefore related to precipitation, although the result is not amorphous or disordered, but a crystal. (wikipedia.org)

What I'd really like to talk about now is how computer programs crystallize business processes. (mooreds.com)
Honey crystallization (nearly all types of honey crystallize). (wikipedia.org)
Cold crystallization is a process where polymer chains that have not crystallized during cooling crystallize during heating. (researchgate.net)
mAbs are flexible proteins that are difficult to crystallize, so it can be challenging to determine the optimal conditions for crystallization . (bvsalud.org)

Second, citrate has a direct inhibitory effect on the crystallization and precipitation of calcium salts. (medscape.com)

The process of crystallization normally occurs in the blink of an eye and the researchers needed to understand it at the nanoscale. (esciencenews.com)
Crystallization occurs in two major steps. (wikipedia.org)

Their innovation was how they controlled the process through which those organic molecules assembled and crystallized as the liquid evaporated. (esciencenews.com)
Giri was a doctoral student in Bao's lab when the team first reported its new process for making fast organic semiconductors to Nature in December 2011. (esciencenews.com)
Crystallizations are often the final step in the production of organic or inorganic compounds. (uclouvain.be)
Here, a universal solution-processed bottom-up quasi-epitaxial growth of highly oriented α-formamidinium lead triiodide (α-FAPbI 3 ) perovskite film via a two-step method is reported, in which the crystal orientation of α-FAPbI 3 film is precisely controlled through the synergetic effect of methylammonium chloride and the large-organic cation butylammonium bromide. (edu.hk)

A computer, for the virtue of being able to instantaneously recall and process vast amounts of data, also crystallizes business processes, making it harder to change them. (mooreds.com)
We can provide all supporting analytical data to help ensure a smooth application process. (cambrexprofarmacomilano.biz)
PCM combines exceptional image quality with advanced analysis algorithms to produce detailed real-time measurement data on the characteristics of crystallization processes. (pixact.fi)
Experimental data propose that during crystallization biomolecules pass through a nucleation intermediate. (lu.se)

Using the GAS method in combination with poloxamer 407 as a molecular additive enabled full control over the polymorphic form of indomethacin, regardless of the processing conditions employed, such as pressure, temperature, stirring rate, and type of solvent. (ul.ie)

The manufacturing of the clothes you wear, the food you eat and various equipment you use in your daily life are all dependent on transport phenomena and separation processes. (lu.se)
All these separation processes require energy and they, by necessity, create side streams with by-products, impurities and unwanted material. (lu.se)
To be able to minimise the environmental impact, improve the economy and minimise the energy requirements of these separation processes you will need not only an understanding of how these separation processes are designed but also an understanding of how transport of heat, mass and momentum works. (lu.se)
Even if you've never studied transport phenomena and separation processes you already have an intuitive understanding of key concepts: If you put milk in your cup of tea, you stir to make the milk blend faster with the tea. (lu.se)
Our goal with this book is to help transform your intuitive understanding of transport phenomena and separation processes to a capability of making and solving mathematical models of heat and mass transfer problems as well as separation problems. (lu.se)
In earlier editions chapters 4, 5 and 7 were omitted when printing material for the course KETF40 (Mass transfer in environmental engineering) and chapters 2 and 3 were omitted for the course KETF10 (Separation processes). (lu.se)

The information is presented in a coherent, concise and logical sequence based on the fundamentals of particulate crystallization processes as systems.By emphasising the analysis, design and operation of particulate crystallization processes as systems, the reader will be able to make a better judgement about the best, cheapest and most effective production method to use. (elsevier.com)
We strive to understand crystallization processes that are still at early stage of development (R&D, gram to kilogram scale), as well as processes that are being brought up to industrial scale (from early-scale up, through pilot-plant, and up to production scale). (uclouvain.be)
For gathering information about the safety of already existing or new production processes, accelerating rate calorimeters (ARCs), often in combination with DSC instruments and the Kinetics Neo and Thermal Simulations software packages, can be used to identify thermal hazards and simulate worst-case scenarios. (pharmaceutical-business-review.com)
The EU is the 4th highest producer world-wide of Crassostrea gigas, with an EU-27 value of 295M€ (at 2007) and produces 86% of the global production of Mytilus edulis (EU-27 value 231M€ (2007)) http://ec.europa.eu/fisheries/cfp/aquaculture/index_en.htm . (europa.eu)
Distillation and fractionation of coal tar is the most common production process. (cdc.gov)
Since 1960, recovery of naphthalene from petroleum by dealkylation of methyl naphthalenes in the presence of hydrogen at high temperature and pressure has become a commercial production process. (cdc.gov)

And if you have an industrial process that uses significant amounts of water, then you can recycle and reuse water that has been previously discharged, reducing disposal costs. (alfalaval.com)
On the other hand, electrodeposition, as a relatively mature industrial processing application, offers distinct advantages. (scirp.org)
Furthermore, some technology's preparation process is complex and challenging to handle and contains low preparation efficiency, making it difficult during large-scale industrial applications. (scirp.org)
In almost all industrial processes the separation of different components is needed. (lu.se)
These domestic chromites contain silicon and aluminum impurities at levels that are too high to permit processing by present industrial processes. (cdc.gov)

In this study, the HRG process is simulated numerically using an accurate \textit{hp-}finite element procedure. (aps.org)
whilst the study of biomineralisation may lead to new synthetic crystallisation processes. (europa.eu)
An observational, descriptive, transversal study in which values were determined for analytes with lithogenic potential or that inhibit crystallization in theblood and urine samples of 93 pediatric patients of both sexes with a diagnosis of urolithiasis who presented at the Health Sciences Research Institute (IICS) between June 2009 and June2010. (bvsalud.org)
To get something so favored to everyone in the form of new products, a team of Scientists from AAK and RISE have recently visited MAX IV to study the crystallization of fats in different food applications at the CoSAXS beamline. (lu.se)

Dark chocolate microstructures with different structure densities, i.e., close-packing of the fat crystal lattice, and homogeneity i.e., evenness and connectivity of the fat crystal network, were created by β VI - seeding or conventional pre-crystallization with various degrees of temper and were evaluated with respect to storage stability. (ku.dk)
Using the horizontal ribbon growth (HRG) technique, sheets of single-crystal silicon can be efficiently produced with desired thicknesses, without incurring the losses that are inherent in conventional crystallization procedures. (aps.org)

An enormous amount of research is performed on both processes, but nucleation remains more mysterious for several reasons. (databasefootball.com)
Nevertheless, scientists have studied crystallization since the 19th century, and by the mid-twentieth century, a set of tools called Classical Nucleation Theory (CNT) had been developed, which remains the primary paradigm used to understand nucleation in general and crystallization in particular(1). (databasefootball.com)
Like CNT itself, this theoretical framework, called Mesoscopic Nucleation Theory or MeNT, is more general than just its application to crystallization: it applies equally, for example, to the nucleation of liquid droplets from an oversaturated vapor. (databasefootball.com)

In addition, LP3 provides the laboratories for the biological part of the Deuteration and Macromolecular Crystallization (DEMAX, https://europeanspallationsource.se/science-support-systems/demax) platform of the European Spallation Source ERIC (ESS) and closely collaborates with DEMAX. (lu.se)

Varias características de la química mineral (e.g., correlación positiva de la relación (La/ Sm)N con el contenido de La y Na en el clinopiroxeno y la plagioclasa, respectivamente) suponen la participación de un componente externo (asimilación de roca encajante o mezcla con un fundido más evolucionado). (ucm.es)
Life plays with the mineral in the crystallization process. (rijksakademie.nl)

In this paper, thermodynamic and hydrodynamic aspects are discussed so as to rationalize the obtained crystal characteristics and provide a new way to control the SAS process applied to drug pre-formulation. (m2p2.fr)

A small overview of recent litterature will show the interested reader that crystallization is still `poorly` understood from a fundamental point of view. (uclouvain.be)
According to the authors, valvular calcification is a complex pathophysiological process, which is not yet fully understood. (medscape.com)

Our research is focused on understanding crystal growth on an atomic scale, and how control of this process can be used to design new materials not existing in nature. (lu.se)

But scientists had not been able to observe this process on the molecular level -- that is, the instant in which molecules overcome their tendencies to float individually in a liquid solution and take their place in the rigid lattice of a solid crystal structure. (sciencedaily.com)
Crystallization is the process by which solid forms, where the atoms or molecules are highly organized into a structure known as a crystal. (wikipedia.org)
Crystal growth is a dynamic process occurring in equilibrium where solute molecules or atoms precipitate out of solution, and dissolve back into solution. (wikipedia.org)

After seeding, the sample temperature rises because of the heat of fusion released during the freezing process. (cdc.gov)

However, surprisingly little is known about how marine animals regulate calcium to produce a shell, how these processes might be affected when the environmental conditions change and what the consequences are at the population level. (europa.eu)
The plaster used in dentistry is obtained by the removal of part of the water of crystallization of the dihydrate calcium sulfate by the process of plaster calcination. (bvsalud.org)
Citrate in the urine has long been recognized as an inhibitor of calcium salt crystallization. (medscape.com)

One key challenge was to record X-ray images of the molecular crystallization during the squeegee like process. (esciencenews.com)
Now, researchers at the Weizmann Institute of Science have, for the first time, directly observed the process of crystallization on the molecular level, validating some recent theories about crystallization as well as showing that if one knows how the crystal starts growing, one can predict the end structure. (sciencedaily.com)

A crystallization process for Form 2 was developed, and in situ Raman spectroscopy was used as a PAT tool to monitor and control the physical form. (figshare.com)
However, the very high LILE (large ion lithophile elements) and LREE (light REE) shown by clinopyroxene can not be explained exclusively by a closed-system in-situ crystallization process. (ucm.es)
Our results bring in situ imaging with coherent X-rays towards understanding and controlling the crystallization processes of transparent conductive oxides and other polycrystalline materials at the nanoscale. (lu.se)

This is a business process, but it's pretty fluid. (mooreds.com)

Scientists have created a way to observe this phase of crystallization, verifying long-held theories. (sciencedaily.com)

Groundwater, though below the earth's surface, can still shape the landforms through various processes such as dissolution, erosion, and deposition. (proprofs.com)
Weathering, on the other hand, is the process of breaking down rocks into smaller fragments, which is a precursor to erosion. (proprofs.com)

I'm in the process of helping a small business migrate an application that they use from Paradox back end to a PostgreSQL back end. (mooreds.com)

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment3

Phenomena and Processes2

Evaporation3

Biophysical3

Chromatography2

Experiments4

Optimisation2

Crystalline4

Structures3

Structure determination2

Characterization1

Solids2

Polymorphism1

Sugar crystallization process1

Growth Processes3

Chemical7

Screens1

Constraints1

Formation8

Purification2

Geological processes1

Supercritical carbon1

Optimize1

Solubility4

Laboratory1

Membrane6

Downstream1

Antisolvent1

Crystals3

Chemists2

Experiment2

Amorphous1

Crystallize4

Precipitation1

Occurs2

Organic4

Data4

Polymorphic1

Separation processes6

Production6

Industrial5

Study4

Conventional2

Nucleation3

Systems1

Mineral2

Characteristics1

Understood2

Design1

Molecules3

Temperature1

Calcium3

Molecular2

Situ3

Fluid1

Scientists1

Erosion2

Application1