Cryopreservation spindle in vitro oocyte maturation techniques. Medical search. Frequent questions

By 1991, the first human pregnancy was recorded using IVM followed by IVF, and in 1994 the first birth using IVM oocytes from polycystic ovarian syndrome patients was recorded highlighting that PCOS patient's oocytes are capable of maturation. (wikipedia.org)
Furthermore, the patient's oocytes carrying the mutated MAD2L1BP resumed polar body extrusion (PBE) when rescued by microinjection of full-length MAD2L1BP cRNAs. (bvsalud.org)

The progressive loss of oocytes from fetal life through menopause is a normal process. (ldysinger.com)

As atresia continues, both the number and quality of oocytes fall below a critical level, and the rate of aneuploidy increases - a finding that is related at least in part to problems of the meiotic spindle 15 , 16 resulting in nondisjunction. (ldysinger.com)
These oocytes are protected from abnormal meiotic spindle formation through the recruitment of O-GlcNAcylated Grb7, and OGT (O-GlcNAc transferase), the enzyme responsible for O-GlcNAcylation processes, in the integrin ß1-EGFR complex. (bvsalud.org)
Furthermore, an O-GlcNAcylation increase (by inhibition of O-GlcNAcase), the glycosidase that removes O-GlcNAc moieties, or decrease (by inhibition of OGT) amplifies oocyte spindle defects when follicular cells are absent highlighting a control of the meiotic spindle by the OGT-O-GlcNAcase duo. (bvsalud.org)

11 Among women undergoing in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer in the United States, deliveries per oocyte retrieved decreased from 36.9 percent among women under the age of 35 years to 20.5 percent among women between the ages of 38 and 40 years and to 10.7 percent among women between the ages of 41 and 42 years. (ldysinger.com)
The maintenance of transgenes in rats is reviewed with special references to embryo cryopreservation (transgene banking) and intracytoplasmic injection of spermatozoa or round spermatids (transgene passage). (go.jp)
While ancillary, these can yet be telling in the final outcome of fertility treatment and can markedly enhance the processes of sperm retrieval and selection, fertilisation, embryo culture and transfer, and cryopreservation. (gynem.co.uk)

Through in vitro maturation, folliculogenesis and latter parts of oogenesis are being mimicked outside of the ovaries- trying to recreate the conditions for these processes. (wikipedia.org)

The best oocytes are chosen to be matured in the hope of then being implanted using in vitro fertilisation techniques. (wikipedia.org)

Of these primordial follicles, only around 400 mature oocytes are released and could be potentially fertilised, with the rest undergoing atresia. (wikipedia.org)
Female infants have 6 to 7 million oocytes at 20 weeks of gestation, when progressive atresia occurs, resulting in 1 to 2 million oocytes at birth, approximately 25,000 at the age of 37 years, and 1000 at the age of 51 years, the average age of natural menopause in the United States. (ldysinger.com)
It has been hypothesized that in gonadal dysgenesis various deletions on the X chromosome cause such rapid atresia of oocytes 5 that few girls with this condition reach puberty with functioning ovaries. (ldysinger.com)
In normal women, at approximately 37.5 years of age, an accelerated atresia of the oocytes begins 1 , 2 ( Figure 1 ). (ldysinger.com)

When the inability of male transgenic rats to transmit the transgene is not associated with mosaicism, microinsemination techniques such as intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) and round spermatid injection (ROSI) can be used for passage of the transgenes. (go.jp)
Round spermatid injection (ROSI) is a technique of assisted reproduction whereby a round spermatid is injected into oocyte cytoplasm in order to achieve fertilization. (wikipedia.org)
[2] The microinjection procedure for ROSI also differs slightly from that of ICSI, since additional stimuli are needed to ensure proper oocyte activation after spermatid injection. (wikipedia.org)

This study was conducted to evaluate in vivo and in vitro development of in vitro-matured equine oocytes fertilized by intracytoplasmic sperm injection. (bioone.org)
In vivo development was assessed after transfer of injected oocytes to the oviducts of recipient mares. (bioone.org)

During ovulation, the primary oocyte will resume meiosis in response to signals, arresting in metaphase meiosis II, ready for fertilization. (wikipedia.org)
biopsied human ovarian tissue and achieved a 10% rate of maturation from unilaminar follicles into metaphase II by a multi-step culture system: 8 days of culture in a serum-free medium 8 days of culture in a serum-free medium with activin A 4 days of culture on membranes with activin A and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH). (wikipedia.org)
We found that oocytes deprotected from their surrounding layer of follicular cells and expressing the epidermal growth factor (EGF) receptor (EGFR) and the Grb7 adaptor undergo accelerated prophase I to metaphase II meiosis progression upon stimulation by EGF. (bvsalud.org)
In this study, by whole-exome sequencing (WES), we identified homozygous and compound heterozygous MAD2L1BP variants in three families with female patients diagnosed with primary infertility owing to oocyte metaphase I (MI) arrest. (bvsalud.org)

Oocytes are classified depending on their condition, such as number of cumulus cells. (wikipedia.org)
After recovering the Cumulus oocytes complex, where matured in vitro for 24 hours in static a condition that include for juvenile oocyte, the supplementation with hundred micromolar of trehalose in maturation medium. (jove.com)
Following in vitro maturation, the oocytes were denuded of Cumulus cells mechanically by gently pipetting and examined under stereo microscope, with 60x magnification. (jove.com)

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-encoding RNAs that actively regulate biological and physiological processes, and play an important role in regulating gene expression in all cells, especially in most animal cells, including oocytes and embryos. (bvsalud.org)
Although assisted reproductive techniques (ART) have helped to solve many infertility problems, they cause changes in the expression of miRNA and genes in oocytes and preimplantation embryos, and the effect of these changes on the future of offspring is unknown, and has caused concerns. (bvsalud.org)
The relevant genomic alterations commonly imposed on embryos during cryopreservation may have potential epigenetic risks. (bvsalud.org)
This technique is used in order to prepare the gametes for the obtention of embryos that may be transferred to a maternal uterus. (wikipedia.org)
If all requirements for round spermatid selection and injection are successfully met, the injected oocytes develop to early embryos and can be transferred to the mother's uterus to produce pregnancy. (wikipedia.org)
A 'fast-freeze' cryopreservation method that uses liquid nitrogen to quickly and safely lower the temperature of eggs and embryos for storage. (gynem.co.uk)

These then begin meiosis to form the oocyte within the primordial follicle. (wikipedia.org)
This follicle consists of the oocyte surrounded by flattened pregranulosa cells. (wikipedia.org)
Primordial follicles containing the primary oocyte, arrested at prophase of meiosis I, develop into primary follicle containing cuboidal granulosa cells. (wikipedia.org)
The dominant follicle contains the mature oocyte. (wikipedia.org)
Priming is the process by which the oocytes are primed with follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) or human chorionic gonadotrophin (hCG) before retrieval. (wikipedia.org)
These protease-induced decreases in IGFBP-4 and -5 likely cause increased levels of bioavailable (or free) IGFs that stimulate steroidogenesis and mitogenesis in developing dominant follicles, which ultimately prepare the follicle(s) and oocyte(s) for successful ovulation and fertilization. (bioone.org)

The protocol aims at providing a standard method for the vitrification of adult and juvenile sheep oocytes. (jove.com)
Juvenile oocyte vitrification was a lot shorter in the generation interval in breeding programs. (jove.com)
In this video, we describe a protocol for the vitrification of sheep oocyte, collected from both juvenile and adult donors, and in vitro matured to prior to cryopreservation. (jove.com)
The protocol include all the procedures from in vitro maturation, vitrification, warming, and post-warming culture. (jove.com)
The selection of the oocytes to submit at the vitrification procedures represent the first important step to warranty the successful application of this procedure. (jove.com)
The loading of the oocyte in the vitrification device used is an important and critical step. (jove.com)
In this method, the oocytes in the vitrification solution, less than 0 point milliliter are rapidly loaded with a glass capillary on top of the film strip. (jove.com)

Oocytes were collected from slaughterhouse-derived ovaries, matured in vitro, and injected with frozen-thawed stallion sperm. (bioone.org)

Xenopus oocytes are encompassed by a layer of follicular cells that contribute to oocyte growth and meiosis in relation to oocyte maturation. (bvsalud.org)
In summary, our study provides further insight into the role of the follicular cell layer in oocyte meiosis progression. (bvsalud.org)
In those men in whom spermatogenesis is blocked at the stage of round spermatids, in which meiosis has already been completed, these round cells can successfully fertilize oocytes after being injected into their cytoplasm. (wikipedia.org)

They showed maturation occurs in isolation from normal follicular environment. (wikipedia.org)
However, the effects of the interaction between follicular cells and the oocyte surface on meiotic processes are unclear. (bvsalud.org)
Here, we investigated Xenopus follicular cell function using oocyte signaling and heterologous-expressing capabilities. (bvsalud.org)
In addition, we determined that oocytes surrounded by their follicular cells expressing EGFR-Grb7 exhibit normal meiotic resumption. (bvsalud.org)

In the case of ROSI, round spermatids are injected into Sr 2+ -activated oocytes using a piezo-driven middle-sized pipette (5-6 μm in diameter). (go.jp)
Even though many technical aspects of ROSI are similar to those of ICSI, there are also significant differences between both techniques. (wikipedia.org)
[4] Based on the evaluation of the babies born, no abnormalities attributable to the ROSI technique have been identified. (wikipedia.org)

It can be offered to women with infertility problems, combined with In Vitro Fertilization (IVF), offering women pregnancy without ovarian stimulation. (wikipedia.org)
In 1935, Pincus & Enzmann did the first experiment on immature rabbit oocyte, showing in vitro spontaneous maturation and fertilization. (wikipedia.org)
Intracytoplasmic sperm injection ( ICSI / ˈ ɪ k s i / IK -see ) is an in vitro fertilization (IVF) procedure in which a single sperm cell is injected directly into the cytoplasm of an egg . (wikipedia.org)
An observational technique used to assess and track the development of oocytes through to maturation in order to pinpoint the most optimal moment for fertilization. (gynem.co.uk)

This stress correlates with declining egg quality, impacting assisted reproductive techniques' success. (novoslabs.com)

However, it is also possible that such genetic defects result in a smaller complement of oocytes during gonadal development. (ldysinger.com)
The expression of miRNAs at the right time and place is crucial for the oocyte's maturation and the embryo's subsequent development. (bvsalud.org)
Understanding the biological functions of miRNAs in frozen maturated oocytes may provide a better understanding of embryonic development and a comparison of fertility conservation in female mammals. (bvsalud.org)

This technique is also used in sheep, pigs and other animals. (wikipedia.org)

In vitro maturation (IVM) is the technique of letting the contents of ovarian follicles and the oocytes inside mature in vitro. (wikipedia.org)
At present, the only possibility to maintain fertility as well as hormonal cyclicity and endocrinological function is the cryopreservation and autologous re-transplantation of ovarian cortical fragments taken before chemotherapy or radiotherapy. (biomedcentral.com)

Our ICSI procedure includes the use of a piezo-driven small-sized injection pipette (2-4 μm in diameter), isolated sperm heads, and freshly ovulated oocytes. (go.jp)
In terms of insemination, ICSI needs only one sperm cell per oocyte , while IVF needs 50,000-100,000. (wikipedia.org)

These microinsemination techniques can be combined with cryopreservation of sperm and spermatid cells, leading to successful transmission of transgenes carried in male gametes. (go.jp)

The maintaining of oocyte potential viability after longterm storage represent a tool of great opportunity, as it would improve domestic animal breeding by genetic selection programs, contribute to preserve biodiversity through wildlife species conservation, and increase the research in biotechnology. (jove.com)

This leads to improved maturation and quality of the oocytes. (wikipedia.org)

The oocytes are then cultured in media containing nutrients important for oocyte survival, such as gonadotrophins, growth factors and steroids. (wikipedia.org)
It includes all the steps from the preparation of the in vitro maturation media to the post-warming culture. (jove.com)

This technique can be used to enable genetic fatherhood to some men who have no spermatozoa in the ejaculate (azoospermia) and in whom spermatozoa cannot be obtained surgically from the testicles. (wikipedia.org)

Once the kinetochores of chromosomes are correctly attached to bipolar spindles and the SAC is satisfied, the MAD2L1BP, best known as p31comet, binds mitosis arrest deficient 2 (MAD2) and recruits the AAA+-ATPase TRIP13 to disassemble the mitotic checkpoint complex (MCC), leading to the cell-cycle progression. (bvsalud.org)

Human oocyte maturation arrest represents one of the severe conditions for female patients with primary infertility. (bvsalud.org)
Together, our studies identified and characterized novel biallelic variants in MAD2L1BP responsible for human oocyte maturation arrest at MI, and thus prompted new therapeutic avenues for curing female primary infertility. (bvsalud.org)

1 The images in Panel B - which shows histologic specimens of oocytes (arrows) taken from patients at birth, at the age of 25 years, and at the age of 50 years - are adapted from Erickson 8 and are reprinted with the permission of the publisher. (ldysinger.com)

cRNA microinjection of full-length or truncated MAD2L1BP uncovered their discordant roles in driving the extrusion of polar body 1 (PB1) in mouse oocytes. (bvsalud.org)

Decline in the Number of Oocytes from Birth to Menopause. (ldysinger.com)

Oocytes are vitrified at the MII stage using Cryotop to ensure the minimum essential volume. (jove.com)

After selection, a group of five juvenile oocytes were conditioned at 38.5 Celsius degrees in base medium for two minutes. (jove.com)

Beyond the standard lab practices that form the core of IVF protocols lies an arsenal of supplementary techniques. (gynem.co.uk)

Vitrifaction by ultrarapid cooling and warming is considered a standard approach in cattle oocyte preservation. (jove.com)

Anatomy9

Organisms1

Diseases2

Chemicals and Drugs4

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment10

Phenomena and Processes8

Information Science1

Patient's oocytes2

Fetal life1

Meiotic spindle3

Embryo3

Oogenesis1

Fertilisation1

Atresia4

Spermatid injection3

Vivo2

Metaphase4

Cumulus3

Embryos6

Follicle6

Vitrification7

Ovaries1

Meiosis3

Follicular4

ROSI3

Fertilization4

Reproductive techniques1

Development3

Sheep1

Ovarian2

ICSI2

Cells1

Species1

Quality1

Media2

Genetic1

Complex1

Human2

Patients1

Mouse1

Birth1

Ensure1

Selection1

Form1

Standard1