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Corynebacterium diphtheriaeCorynebacteriumCorynebacterium InfectionsDiphtheriaDiphtheria ToxinDiphtheria AntitoxinMycobacterium ulceransCorynebacterium glutamicumCorynebacterium pseudotuberculosisBuruli UlcerPropionibacterium acnesRibotypingBacterial ProteinsDNA, BacterialIronHeme Oxygenase (Decyclizing)BacteriophagesGene Expression Regulation, BacterialSiderophoresLysogenyMycobacterium Infections, NontuberculousSkin UlcerPharynxGenes, BacterialCorynebacterium pyogenesRussiaDiphtheria ToxoidMolecular Sequence DataSkin Diseases, InfectiousBacterial Typing TechniquesDiphtheria-Tetanus VaccineDiphtheria-Tetanus-Pertussis VaccineIndonesiaAnti-Bacterial Agents
PseudotuberculosisStrainsSpeciesInfectionIsolatesMitisIntermediusPseudodiphtheriticumOrganismToxigenic strainCutaneousBelfanti2022SwabsClinicalToxin productionJeikeiumStriatumInfectionsGenusHumansBiovarEndocarditisRespiratory dropletsPharyngitisAerobicZoonoticSusceptibilityIsolateEmergenceAntibioticsCommonlyCases
Pseudotuberculosis6
  • D ulcerans and C . pseudotuberculosis are transmitted to hu- iphtheria is a contagious, potentially fatal infection mans primarily through animal contact. (cdc.gov)
  • C . diphtheriae , C . ulcerans , C . pseudotuberculosis , C . rouxii , century, largely because of mass vaccination. (cdc.gov)
  • In addition to disease burden, other toxigenic Corynebacteria ( C. ulcerans or C. pseudotuberculosis ) and non-toxigenic C. diphtheriae may serve to maintain a reservoir for toxigenic respiratory diphtheria Footnote 2 Footnote 4 Footnote 8 . (canada.ca)
  • It is caused by infection with a toxin-producing strain of Corynebacterium diphtheriae or more rarely Corynebacterium ulcerans or Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis. (sastm.org.za)
  • Diphtheria caused by C. ulcerans or C. pseudotuberculosis can also spread through contaminated milk or close contact with infected animals (e.g. through working on a farm or as a veterinarian). (sastm.org.za)
  • C. ulcerans and C. pseudotuberculosis are zoonoses and cause mastitis and lymphadenitis in cattle. (sastm.org.za)
Strains8
  • Diphtheria is an acute, bacterial disease caused by toxin-producing strains of Corynebacterium diphtheriae . (cdc.gov)
  • Non-toxin-producing strains of C. diphtheriae can also cause disease. (cdc.gov)
  • Invasive disease, including bacteremia and endocarditis, has been reported for non-toxin-producing strains of C. diphtheriae . (cdc.gov)
  • Vaccination is highly protective against disease caused by toxin-producing strains, but does not prevent carriage of C. diphtheriae , regardless of toxin production status. (cdc.gov)
  • Three strains of C diphtheriae are recognized, in decreasing order of virulence: gravis, intermedius, and mitis. (medscape.com)
  • Case series from Canada, consistent with global surveillance, have found that the disease burden is increasingly attributed to cutaneous, non-pseudomembranous respiratory and systemic disease from toxigenic and non-toxigenic strains of Corynebacterium diphtheriae and C. ulcerans Footnote 2 Footnote 3 Footnote 4 Footnote 5 Footnote 6 Footnote 7 Footnote 8 . (canada.ca)
  • Pharyngeal or cutaneous diphtheria is caused by toxigenic strains of C. diphtheriae and occasionally by Corynebacterium ulcerans . (patient.info)
  • Devriese LA, Riegel P, Hommez J, Vaneechoutte M, de Baere T, Haesebrouck F. Identification of Corynebacterium glucuronolyticum strains from the urogenital tract of humans and pigs. (dsmz.de)
Species10
  • CDC is actively researching new laboratory methods to better identify and characterize other Bordetella and Corynebacterium species. (cdc.gov)
  • Isolates were genetically by toxigenic C . diphtheriae but has been expanded in diverse, indicating circulation and local transmission of some countries to include all C . diphtheriae species com- several diphtheria sublineages. (cdc.gov)
  • The genus contains the species Corynebacterium diphtheriae and the nondiphtherial corynebacteria, collectively referred to as diphtheroids. (medscape.com)
  • Here we utilized whole-genome sequencing (WGS) to characterize recovered isolates of C. diphtheriae and two co-circulating non-diphtheritic Corynebacterium (NDC) species - C. pseudodiphtheriticum and C. propinquum. (cdc.gov)
  • Erythrasma is a superficial skin disease caused by Gram-positive Corynebacterium species. (symptoma.com)
  • Some nondiphtheria species of Corynebacterium produce disease in specific animal species, and some of these are also human pathogens . (wikidoc.org)
  • Some species of Corynebacterium have sequenced genomes that range in size from 2.5 - 3 Mbp. (wikidoc.org)
  • Species of Corynebacterium have been used in the mass production of various amino acids including L-Glutamic Acid , a popular food additive that is made at a rate of 1.5 million tons/ year by Corynebacterium. (wikidoc.org)
  • Auwaerter, Paul G. "Corynebacterium Species. (unboundmedicine.com)
  • Pediatrics Central , peds.unboundmedicine.com/pedscentral/view/Johns_Hopkins_ABX_Guide/540637/3.0/Corynebacterium_species. (unboundmedicine.com)
Infection4
  • This report describes a case of infection with toxigenic C. diphtheriae in an American Indian woman and presents the results of enhanced surveillance for diphtheria in the surrounding community. (cdc.gov)
  • and urinary tract infections and mastitis (affecting milk production) in cattle due to infection with Corynebacterium renale , Corynebacterium cystidis , Corynebacterium pilosum , and Corynebacterium bovis . (medscape.com)
  • C diphtheriae infection typically is characterized by a local inflammation, usually in the upper respiratory tract, associated with toxin-mediated cardiac and neural disease. (medscape.com)
  • Respiratory diphtheria is a serious infection caused by toxigenic Corynebacterium diphtheriae, and disease transmission mainly occurs through respiratory droplets. (cdc.gov)
Isolates6
  • Upon request, the laboratory can test for the presence of diphtheria toxin by the Elek assay for C. diphtheriae and C. ulcerans isolates. (cdc.gov)
  • When C. diphtheriae is identified, it is critical that state and local public health laboratories submit specimens or isolates to CDC for confirmatory testing so that appropriate public health action can be taken. (cdc.gov)
  • This study aims to evaluate the first-line antibiotic susceptibility pattern of toxigenic Corynebacterium diphtheriae isolates. (biomedcentral.com)
  • C. diphtheriae isolates were collected from diphtheria patients and carriers in East Java from 2012 to 2017 and kept at the Balai Besar Laboratorium Kesehatan Daerah Surabaya or the Public Health Laboratory of Surabaya. (biomedcentral.com)
  • C. diphtheriae isolates recovered from all 53 positive cases in this study were identified as toxigenic biovar mitis, exhibiting intermediate resistance to penicillin, and formed four phylogenetic clusters circulating among multiple refugee camps. (cdc.gov)
  • Additional sequenced isolates collected from two patients showed co-colonization with non-toxigenic C. diphtheriae biovar gravis, one of which exhibited decreased susceptibility to the first-line antibiotics and harboured a novel 23-kb multidrug resistance plasmid. (cdc.gov)
Mitis2
  • mitis Corynebacterium ulcerans bv. (wikipedia.org)
  • A blood culture obtained from the patient on June 1 was sent to a regional reference laboratory, and C. diphtheriae, biotype mitis, was identified. (cdc.gov)
Intermedius1
Pseudodiphtheriticum3
  • In addition to C. diphtheriae, three patients had culture-positive test results for beta-hemolytic Streptococcus (one each of Group A, Group C, and Group G), and one patient had culture-positive test results for C. pseudodiphtheriticum. (cdc.gov)
  • In some endemic locations, such as India, 44% of throat and nasal swabs tested positive for C diphtheriae and Corynebacterium pseudodiphtheriticum . (medscape.com)
  • Multiple blood cultures grew a gram - positive rod , Corynebacterium pseudodiphtheriticum. (symptoma.com)
Organism2
  • Five of the six culture-positive diphtheria cases reported in the United States since 1988 have been associated with importation of Corynebacterium diphtheriae, an organism believed to have become rare or to have disappeared from the United States. (cdc.gov)
  • In response to isolation of this organism, the South Dakota Department of Health (SDDOH), the Aberdeen Area Office of the IHS, and CDC initiated enhanced surveillance to evaluate the possibility of C. diphtheriae infections among other persons in the community where the patient lived. (cdc.gov)
Toxigenic strain2
Cutaneous1
  • Cutaneous diphtheria may present as a scaling rash or ulcers with clearly demarcated edges and membrane, but any chronic skin lesion may harbor C. diphtheriae along with other organisms. (cdc.gov)
Belfanti1
20222
  • from January to November 2022, toxigenic C. diphtheriae was isolated from 50 asylum seekers recently arrived in England, with one probable fatality. (patient.info)
  • Nigéria, en décembre 2022 et publie depuis lors des rapports mensuels. (bvsalud.org)
Swabs2
  • C. diphtheriae was isolated from the swabs from six (5%) of the 133 patients ( Table 1 ). (cdc.gov)
  • She was requested to submit nasal and throat swabs to assess C. diphtheriae carriage status. (health.gov.au)
Clinical2
  • During August 1-October 7, all persons presenting to the IHS hospital and three satellite clinics for evaluation of pharyngitis, draining middle-ear infections, or skin ulcers were cultured for C. diphtheriae as part of their routine clinical care. (cdc.gov)
  • In April 2013, the Communicable Disease Control Branch (CDCB) of SA Health received notification from a laboratory of toxigenic Corynebacterium diphtheriae in a clinical specimen collected from an Australian-born 18-year-old female. (health.gov.au)
Toxin production1
  • Diagnosis of diphtheria is confirmed by isolating C. diphtheriae and testing the isolate for toxin production by the Elek test, an in vitro immunoprecipitation (immunodiffusion) assay. (cdc.gov)
Jeikeium1
Striatum1
  • We describe a patient who developed Corynebacterium striatum native valve endocarditis after receiving two 6-week courses of daptomycin for the treatment of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia and osteomyelitis. (symptoma.com)
Infections1
Genus1
  • Corynebacterium is a genus of Gram-positive , facultatively anaerobic , non- motile , rod-shaped actinobacteria . (wikidoc.org)
Humans2
Biovar1
Endocarditis1
Respiratory droplets1
  • C. diphtheriae spreads from person to person through contact with respiratory droplets or hand-to- mouth contact with secretions from an infected person's mouth, nose, throat or skin. (sastm.org.za)
Pharyngitis1
  • Non-toxinogenic C. diphtheriae causes a mild pharyngitis. (patient.info)
Aerobic1
  • C. diphtheriae is an aerobic gram-positive bacillus. (cdc.gov)
Zoonotic1
  • More recently, C. ulcerans has been increasingly isolated as an emerging zoonotic agent of diphtheria from pets such as cats or dogs. (patient.info)
Susceptibility2
  • The susceptibility pattern of C. diphtheriae to erythromycin was better than that to penicillin. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The susceptibility rate of C. diphtheriae to erythromycin is higher than that to penicillin. (biomedcentral.com)
Isolate1
Emergence1
  • Maintaining high vaccination coverage is essential to prevent indigenous C. ulcerans and re-emergence of C. diphtheriae . (patient.info)
Antibiotics1
  • Penicillin and macrolide are groups of empirical antibiotics used to eradicate toxigenic C. diphtheriae based on the World Health Organization (WHO) and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) guidelines for the treatment of diphtheria [ 9 , 10 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Commonly1
Cases3