NeuronsNeurons, AfferentCerebral CortexAction PotentialsModels, NeurologicalPhotic StimulationMotor NeuronsVisual CortexSensory Receptor CellsAcoustic StimulationReaction TimeElectric StimulationElectrophysiologyCatsNeural InhibitionCells, CulturedMacaca mulattaPhysical StimulationRats, Sprague-DawleyVisual PathwaysAuditory CortexTime FactorsSynaptic TransmissionPatch-Clamp TechniquesEcholocationInferior ColliculiNerve NetSound LocalizationAuditory PathwaysAfferent PathwaysMesencephalonMotion PerceptionOrientationChiropteraNeural PathwaysVisual PerceptionBrainBrain MappingBehavior, AnimalAuditory PerceptionTasteSynapsesNerve Tissue ProteinsAxonsAnimals, NewbornDendritesVisual FieldsHippocampusMovementN-MethylaspartateGlutamic AcidPyramidal CellsReceptors, N-Methyl-D-AspartateMembrane PotentialsRats, WistarThalamusNeuritesDopaminergic NeuronsSomatosensory CortexEvoked Potentialsgamma-Aminobutyric AcidSignal TransductionNeocortexNeuroprotective AgentsNeuronal PlasticityMice, Inbred C57BLExcitatory Postsynaptic PotentialsImmunohistochemistryCell DeathCalciumInterneuronsExcitatory Amino Acid AntagonistsAnalysis of VarianceSpinal CordGABAergic NeuronsGanglia, SpinalMice, TransgenicEmbryo, MammalianOlfactory Receptor NeuronsNeurotoxinsDiscrimination (Psychology)Mice, KnockoutCell SurvivalDose-Response Relationship, DrugBrain-Derived Neurotrophic FactorNeuropeptidesSensory ThresholdsNeurogliaMicroelectrodesTetrodotoxinEvoked Potentials, VisualGeneralization, StimulusGreen Fluorescent ProteinsVibrissaeExcitatory Amino Acid AgonistsDopamineCholinergic NeuronsNeurons, EfferentTouchRats, Long-Evans