COPI is a coatomer, a protein complex that coats vesicles transporting proteins from the cis end of the Golgi complex back to the rough endoplasmic reticulum (ER), where they were originally synthesized, and between Golgi compartments. (wikipedia.org)
The name "COPI" refers to the specific coat protein complex that initiates the budding process on the cis-Golgi membrane. (wikipedia.org)
Coat protein, or COPI, is an ADP ribosylation factor (ARF)-dependent protein involved in membrane traffic. (wikipedia.org)
COPI consists of seven subunits which compose the heteroheptameric protein complex. (wikipedia.org)
Cargo containing the sorting motifs KKXX and KXKXX interact with COPI to form carriers which are transported from the cis-Golgi to the ER. (wikipedia.org)
The carrier then buds off of the donor membrane, in the case of COPI this membrane is the cis-Golgi, and the carrier moves to the ER where it fuses with the acceptor membrane and its content is expelled. (wikipedia.org)
COPI vesicles transport molecules between different parts of the Golgi body and from the Golgi back to the rough ER. (jove.com)
COPI and COPII vesicles are composed of similar coat protein complexes called coatomers. (jove.com)
Their formation is driven by the assembly of different classes of coat proteins, namely COPI, COPII, clathrin, or retromer complex. (jove.com)
The COPI and COPII coat proteins share similar structural features with Clathrin but differ in cargo sorting and vesicle formation mechanisms. (jove.com)
When expressed as a fusion protein with eYFP in cultured cells, Sec31B-F associates with the endoplasmic reticulum and with vesicular-tubular clusters, displays restricted intracellular movement characteristic of COPII vesicle dynamics, co-distributes on organelles with Sec13, Sec31A and Sec23 (markers of the COPII coat), and concentrates with ts045-VSV-G-CFP (VSV-G) when examined early in the secretory pathway or after temperature or nocodazole inhibition. (biologists.com)
The order in which adaptor proteins associate with cargo, or adaptor proteins associate with ARFs is unclear, however, in order to form a mature transport carrier coat protein, adaptor, cargo, and ARF must all associate. (wikipedia.org)
COPII vesicles Clathrin vesicles Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase#ER to Golgi transport Exomer Coat+Protein+Complex+I at the U.S. National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) Serafini T, Orci L, Amherdt M, Brunner M, Kahn RA, Rothman JE (1991). (wikipedia.org)
We conclude that Sec31B-F contributes to the diversity of the mammalian COPII coat, and speculate that the Sec31 cage, like Sec24, might be built with isoforms tuned to specific types of cargo or to other specialized functions. (biologists.com)
Specific coat proteins cover their cytosolic surface. (jove.com)
Coat proteins can help sort the cargo and assemble on the donor membrane to initiate vesicle formation. (jove.com)
Molecules2
The curved triad structure positions the Arf1 molecules and cargo binding sites proximal to the membrane. (wikipedia.org)
These bend the membrane to form a bud that is released from the donor membrane as a vesicle. (jove.com)
Golgi5
Luminal proteins: Proteins found in the lumen of the Golgi complex that need to be transported to the lumen of the ER contain the signal peptide KDEL. (wikipedia.org)
Membrane proteins: Transmembrane proteins which reside in the ER contain sorting signals in their cytosolic tails which direct the protein to exit the Golgi and return to the ER. (wikipedia.org)
COPII vesicles are formed in the ER membranes and mediate transport from ER to the Golgi. (jove.com)
Coated vesicles are spherical, protein-coated carriers with a 50-100 nm diameter that mediate bidirectional transport between the ER and the Golgi. (jove.com)
The distribution of proteins between the ER and Golgi complex is dynamic and is maintained by different coated vesicles. (jove.com)
Transport4
This type of transport[clarification needed] is retrograde transport, in contrast to the anterograde transport associated with the COPII protein. (wikipedia.org)
The transport may be active transport by carrier proteins with an energy source, or it may be facilitated diffusion or passive transport via channels. (wikibooks.org)
The primary function of adaptors is the selection of cargo proteins for their incorporation into nascent carriers. (wikipedia.org)
Amphipathic alpha-helix1
use ANTIFREEZE PROTEINS (NM) 1980-2000 BX - Antifreeze Glycoproteins MH - Antifreeze Proteins, Type I UI - D021322 MN - D12.776.53.100 MS - A subclass of ANTIFREEZE PROTEINS that are 3-5 kD in size and contain a single alanine-rich amphipathic alpha-helix. (nih.gov)
Anterograde transport1
This type of transport[clarification needed] is retrograde transport, in contrast to the anterograde transport associated with the COPII protein. (wikipedia.org)
Adaptor1
The order in which adaptor proteins associate with cargo, or adaptor proteins associate with ARFs is unclear, however, in order to form a mature transport carrier coat protein, adaptor, cargo, and ARF must all associate. (wikipedia.org)
Coatomer1
Coatomer complexes function in the sorting and trafficking of proteins between subcellular organelles. (bvsalud.org)
Mediate1
Next, we confirmed that the MHD of δ-COP and the di-tryptophan motifs of RhoGAP6 mediate the interaction between both proteins. (bvsalud.org)
Motifs1
Overall, we have identified a novel interaction between RhoGAP6 and δ-COP which is mediated by conserved C-terminal di-tryptophan motifs, and which might control protein transport in platelets. (bvsalud.org)
ARFs2
Current views suggest that ARFs are also involved in the selection of cargo for incorporation into carriers. (wikipedia.org)
This protein in turn binds to the ARF. (wikipedia.org)
The ternary complex containing UFD1L, VCP and NPLOC4 binds ubiquitinated proteins and is necessary for the export of misfolded proteins from the ER to the cytoplasm, where they are degraded by the proteasome. (nih.gov)
Subunits1
The β′- and α-COP subunits form an arch over the γζβδ-COP subcomplex, orienting their N-terminal domains such that the K(X)KXX cargo-motif binding sites are optimally positioned against the membrane. (wikipedia.org)
Occurs1
Membrane deformation and carrier budding occurs following the collection of interactions described above. (wikipedia.org)
Structural1
We examined representative proteins in several of these categories using super-resolution imaging, including previously unknown MPS structural components, as well as motor proteins, cell adhesion molecules, ion channels, and signaling proteins, and observed periodic distributions characteristic of the MPS along the neurites for ~20 proteins. (nature.com)
Process1
Vesicle budding from the tER is an ATP-dependent process. (nih.gov)
Specific1
RhoGAP6 is the most highly expressed GTPase-activating protein (GAP) in platelets specific for RhoA. (bvsalud.org)
Turn1
They are composed of specialized areas of the plasma membrane where bundles of MICROFILAMENTS attach to the membrane through the transmembrane linkers, CADHERINS, which in turn attach through their extracellular domains to cadherins in the neighboring cell membranes. (nih.gov)
Signal2
Probe Set ID Ref Seq Protein ID Signal Strength Name Gene Symbol Species Function Swiss-Prot ID Amino Acid Sequence 1367452_at NP_598278 7.9 small ubiquitin-related modifier 2 precursor Sumo2 Rattus norvegicus " Ubiquitin-like protein that can be covalently attached to proteins as a monomer or as a lysine-linked polymer. (nih.gov)
Polymeric SUMO2 chains are also susceptible to polyubiquitination which functions as a signal for proteasomal degradation of modified proteins (By similarity). (nih.gov)
Structure2
The curved triad structure positions the Arf1 molecules and cargo binding sites proximal to the membrane. (wikipedia.org)
HN - 2001 MH - Antifreeze Proteins, Type II UI - D021341 MN - D12.776.53.200 MS - A subclass of ANTIFREEZE PROTEINS that have a cystine-rich globular structure of approximately 14 kD. (nih.gov)
Activity2
Regulates E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase activity of RNF19A (By similarity). (nih.gov)
use ANTIMICROBIAL CATIONIC PEPTIDES (NM) to search MICROBICIDAL CATIONIC PROTEINS 1981-2000 BX - Microbicidal Cationic Proteins FX - Blood Bactericidal Activity MH - Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active UI - D023241 MN - E2.319.310.75 MS - Drug regimens, for patients with HIV INFECTIONS, that aggressively supress HIV replication. (nih.gov)