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ConvectionThermal ConductivityAir MovementsDiffusionCoriolis ForceHydrodynamicsHemodiafiltrationAtmosphereRheologyRespiratory TransportCetylpyridiniumModels, TheoreticalExtracellular FluidHeatingInfluenzavirus ABoron Neutron Capture TherapyModels, BiologicalHemofiltrationPressureAirHydrostatic PressureBiological TransportBody Temperature RegulationMicrofluidic Analytical TechniquesHot TemperatureWaterTemperature
Mixed Convection FlowFree convection flowForced convection boundary layeThermalDeep convectionBoundary layeFlowTemperatureRayleighViscosityAbstractAtmospheric convectionPorous mediumMoist convectionMantle convectionConvectiveLaminarOvensSimulationsDrivenViscous dissipationHeatEvolution of volcanicRadiationProcessesSteady mixedOscillatoryPatternsEarth'sReservoirsFluxesCoefficientOccurSpontaneouslyNatural2020PlateGravityConventionalParametersModelFluidsCharacteristics
Mixed Convection Flow2
  • The steady mixed convection flow towards an impermeable vertical plate with a convective surface boundary condition is investigated. (hindawi.com)
  • The aim of this paper is to study the two-dimensional mixed convection flow on a vertical plate with a convective surface boundary condition. (hindawi.com)
Free convection flow1
  • Jena and Mathur [ 6 ] further studied the laminar free convection flow of thermomicropolar fluids past a nonisothermal vertical plate. (hindawi.com)
Forced convection boundary laye1
  • Conservation equations for mass, momentum, and energy have been solved by the integral method for film boiling in forced convection boundary layer flow on a flat isothermal plate in motion parallel to the flow direction. (asme.org)
Thermal21
  • Mixed convection flows are important when the buoyancy forces significantly affect the flow and the thermal fields due to the large temperature difference between the wall and the ambient fluid. (hindawi.com)
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  • I need to be my Thermal Convection 2009 to take for a Master's mission before the s of April. (ilturismoculturale.it)
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  • Rayleigh - Bénard convection is a fluid flow (thermal convection) due to a non-uniform temperature distribution in a plane horizontal fluid layer heated from below. (scholarpedia.org)
  • Well-directed studies of convection in horizontal fluid layers heated from below trace back to Bénard's experiments (Bénard 1900), in which the instability mechanism was, however, not purely thermal and was closely related to the thermocapillary effect . (scholarpedia.org)
  • Lord Rayleigh (1916) was the first to consider a linear problem of the onset of thermal convection in a horizontal layer, and a more comprehensive analysis of this problem was given by Pellew and Southwell (1940). (scholarpedia.org)
  • The effect of pressure suppresses the role of the lower thermal boundary layer (TBL) at the core-mantle-boundary (CMB) interface. (mantleplumes.org)
  • There are text books, monographs and hundreds of papers on the subject of thermal convection but few are applicable to the mantle. (mantleplumes.org)
  • Computer simulations have not yet included a self-consistent thermodynamic treatment of the effect of temperature, pressure and volume on the physical and thermal properties, and understanding of the "exterior" problem (the surface boundary condition) is in its infancy. (mantleplumes.org)
  • Merk E.J. and Prinss J.A., Thermal convection in laminar boundary I, Appl. (vinca.rs)
  • Merk E.J. and Prinss J.A., Thermal convection in laminar boundary II, App. (vinca.rs)
  • Molla M.M., Hossain M.A. and Yao L.S., Natural Convection Flow along a Vertical Wavy Surface with Uniform Surface Temperature in the Presence Heat Generation/Absorption, Int. J. Thermal Sci. (vinca.rs)
Deep convection7
  • It aims to study the impact of deep convection and cirrus on the water vapor balance in the tropical UTLS of the southern hemisphere. (anr.fr)
  • The CONCIRTO project funded two field campaigns organized at the high-altitude Maïdo Observatory on Réunion Island to 1) Acquire a groundbreaking balloon borne in situ and remotely sensed dataset that will help improve the representation of cirrus clouds, deep convection and stratospheric water vapor in models, 2) Characterize ?cirrus properties and formation mechanism and their effect on TTL humidity, 3) ?Assess whether deep convection hydrate the TTL. (anr.fr)
  • Variation in locations of the maximum development of deep convection in the subpolar seas, taking into account their small dimensions, represent difficulty in identifying its interannual variability from usually sparse in situ data. (researchgate.net)
  • The convection depths, derived from ARMOR, are used for testing the efficiency of two indices of convection intensity: (1) sea-level anomalies from satellite altimetry and (2) the integral water density in the areas of the most frequent development of deep convection. (researchgate.net)
  • The first index, capturing some details, shows low correlations with the interannual variability of the deep convection intensity. (researchgate.net)
  • The second index shows high correlation with the deep convection intensity in the Greenland, Irminger and Labrador seas. (researchgate.net)
  • Asynchronous variations in the deep convection intensity in the Labrador-Irminger seas and in the Greenland Sea are obtained. (researchgate.net)
Boundary laye2
  • The effects of interaction between radiation and convection on wall temperature in steady laminar boundary-layer flow over a diffuse gray flat plate with constant heat flux are considered. (dtic.mil)
  • A Numerical analysis is performed to study the effect of Thermophoresis on steady mixed convective boundary layer flow of a rotating fluid over a rotating vertical cone in a non - Darcy porous medium. (researchbib.com)
Flow13
  • Magma convection affects the flow and distribution of fluids in geothermal reservoirs. (managenergy.tv)
  • Magma convection can affect the flow of fluids within the reservoir, influencing the transport and distribution of heat. (managenergy.tv)
  • The study of heat transfer of combined free and forced convection flow has attracted the interest of many researchers over the last few decades. (hindawi.com)
  • Recently, Merkin and Pop [ 15 ] studied the forced convection flow of a uniform stream over a flat surface with a convective surface boundary condition. (hindawi.com)
  • The effects of the size of heat source on the temperature and flow fields, and heat transfer rates are examined for a wide range of Rayleigh and Peclet numbers. (umn.edu)
  • The effects of the externally-induced flow on the multiple convective cells are also discussed. (umn.edu)
  • The team computed the Rayleigh number for the nitrogen ice layer, a mathematical term associated with the level of buoyancy-driven flow, or convection, and found it to be more than 10,000 times greater than the critical value needed for the onset of convection. (sciencedaily.com)
  • The difference between a convection oven and a conventional oven is that a convection oven includes a built-in fan underneath the heating element that creates a flow of hot air in the chamber rather than building up a hot layer. (tech-faq.com)
  • Plate tectonics was once regarded as passive motion of plates on top of mantle convection cells but it now appears that continents and plate tectonics organize the flow in the mantle and that the mantle is the passive element. (mantleplumes.org)
  • Kuo, H. L., 1974: Further studies of the parameterization of the influence of cumulus convection on large-scale flow. (ametsoc.org)
  • Chamkha A. J., Effects of Heat Generation/Absorption and Thermophoresis on Hydromagnetic Flow with Heat and Mass Transfer over a Flat Surface, Int. J. Numer. (vinca.rs)
  • Molla M.M., Hossain M.A. and Paul M.C., Natural Convection Flow from an Isothermal Horizontal Circular Cylinder in the Presence of Heat Generation, Int. J. Eng. (vinca.rs)
  • To understand these property changes within the MTZ and how they would affect flow throughout the mantle, the research team reviewed seismic data, alongside thermodynamic and convection models from previous studies. (imperial.ac.uk)
Temperature10
  • The effects of various parameters on the velocity, microrotation, temperature and concentration field as well as skin friction coefficient, Nusselt number and Sherwood number are shown graphically and tabulated. (hindawi.com)
  • In Rayleigh-Benard convection, by contrast, temperature fluctuations are the important parameter. (mantleplumes.org)
  • NO - Gravity convection ovens provide a low-cost alternative to mechanical convection ovens when temperature uniformity is not essential to the process. (coleparmer.com)
  • The effects of seven parameters on wall temperature and on interaction are presented graphically and the causal physical mechanisms are discussed. (dtic.mil)
  • Alim M.A., Alam Md. M. and Chowdhury M. K., Pressure Work Effect on Natural Convection from a Vertical Circular Cone with Suction and Non-Uniform Surface Temperature. (vinca.rs)
  • The temperature setting selected for convection warmers should be guided by simultaneous measurement of body temperature with an internal temperature probe, especially when the highest output setting is used. (apsf.org)
  • The outcomes show that the temperature frequency does not induce a notable effect on the mean values of the Nusselt number and the deformation of the flexible membrane. (whiterose.ac.uk)
  • Any cooling or other heat transfer that is powered or driven by anything besides the spontaneous, passive transfer of heat due to temperature differential and related passive effects such as natural convection. (who.int)
  • The main outcomes of present communication are summarized as: (i) velocity of material particles decreases subject to larger inverse Darcy-number while it enhances via velocity ratio and magnetic parameters (ii) temperature distribution as well as layer thickness enhance for higher estimations of Eckert number and heat source parameter while it decays against Prandtl number (iii) skin friction coefficient decreases through higher values of inverse Darcy number and mixed convection parameter. (bvsalud.org)
  • Westward drift of the magnetic field is a natural effect of Earth's rotation and the fact that these flux lobes have remained more or less in the same places suggests some form of exterior forcing mechanism on the geodynamo, e.g. temperature variations in the lower mantle. (lu.se)
Rayleigh6
  • In fluid thermodynamics, Rayleigh-Bénard convection is a type of natural convection, occurring in a planar horizontal layer of fluid heated from below, in which the fluid develops a regular pattern of convection cells known as Bénard cells. (wikipedia.org)
  • Bénard-Rayleigh convection is one of the most commonly studied convection phenomena because of its analytical and experimental accessibility. (wikipedia.org)
  • Researchers have proposed that the polygons seen in the images could be individual Rayleigh--Bénard convection cells. (sciencedaily.com)
  • Rayleigh - Bénard convection, which shares a number of important properties with many other pattern-formation mechanisms, is considered the "granddaddy of canonical examples used to study pattern formation and behavior in spatially extended systems" (Newell et al 1993). (scholarpedia.org)
  • A highly extensive survey of the linear stability problems, including investigations of the effects of rotation and magnetic field on Rayleigh - Bénard convection, was presented in a classical monograph by Chandrasekhar (1961). (scholarpedia.org)
  • Conventional (Rayleigh-Benard) convection theory may have little to do with plate tectonics. (mantleplumes.org)
Viscosity3
  • The effect of magnetic field dependent (MFD) viscosity on the onset of Soret driven convection in a ferromagnetic fluid layer heated from below and salted from above saturating rotating porous medium in the presence of vertical magnetic field is investigated theoretically by using Darcy model. (banglajol.info)
  • Bagai S., Effect of Variable Viscosity on Free Convection over a Non-Isothermal Heat Generation, Acta Mech. (vinca.rs)
  • These shifts in seismic wave speed originate from changes to the solid state of the mantle, where density and viscosity increase, creating a barrier to convection. (imperial.ac.uk)
Abstract1
Atmospheric convection2
  • The goal of this session is to organize a joint forum for the wide range of communities concerned with atmospheric convection and its various aspects: both dynamics and chemistry, especially emphasizing the importance of cloud physics and radiation. (copernicus.org)
  • Atmospheric Convection. (ametsoc.org)
Porous medium1
  • Rees, DAS 1996, ' The effect of inertia on free convection from a horizontal surface embedded in a porous medium ', International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer , vol. 39, no. 16, pp. 3425-3430. (bath.ac.uk)
Moist convection5
  • Moist convection is the most important weather phenomena in the tropical atmosphere, and the crucial component in large--scale processes such as monsoons, Madden--Julian waves, ENSO. (copernicus.org)
  • Forecasting intense precipitation events strongly hinges on our understanding of moist convection. (copernicus.org)
  • Furthermore, the vertical transport of chemical species by moist convection affects global atmosphere chemistry. (copernicus.org)
  • A wide range of contributions will be accepted not only from those directly dealing with moist convection, but also from those studying mesoscale processes where convection plays a significant role, as well as tropical and mid-latitude cyclones, tropical meteorology, and climate dynamics. (copernicus.org)
  • M. Fantini, and A. J. Thorpe, 1987: Baroclinic instability in an environment of small stability to slantwise moist convection. (ametsoc.org)
Mantle convection5
Convective4
  • The convective Bénard cells are not unique and will usually appear only in the surface tension driven convection. (wikipedia.org)
  • Multiple convective cells have been observed as is the case in natural convection, provided that the length of the heat source is greater than the height of the porous layer. (umn.edu)
  • All of these effects drive convective motions. (mantleplumes.org)
  • A mathematical model of nanopar- ticle transport by airflow convection, axial diffusion, and convective mixing (dispersion) was developed in realistic stochastically generated asymmetric human lung geometries. (cdc.gov)
Laminar1
  • Hering R.G. and Grosh R.J., Laminar Free Convection from a Non-Isothermal Cone. (vinca.rs)
Ovens9
  • Convection ovens cause food to be cooked quickly and thouroughly without being burnt and use less electricity than conventional ovens. (tech-faq.com)
  • There are varying models of convection ovens but most are built in a similar fashion. (tech-faq.com)
  • The inner housing of a convection oven often includes one or two racks in addition to a rotisserie rack as convection ovens provide an ideal cooking environment for roasted meats. (tech-faq.com)
  • Because convection ovens have lower heat and shorter cooking times, there is less food shrinkage than conventional ovens. (tech-faq.com)
  • Convection ovens range in size and can be as small as a microwave oven or as large as a conventional oven. (tech-faq.com)
  • While conventional ovens have a heating element on the top and bottom, convection ovens have a heating element on the top, bottom, and rear of the inner housing. (tech-faq.com)
  • Whether your lab oven is for drying, ageing, softening, or sterilizing, we have a variety of the latest heating technologies including mechanical convection ovens with internal data loggers and ethernet interface. (coleparmer.com)
  • YES - Mechanical convection ovens use a motorized fan to force air across heating elements and into the warming chamber. (coleparmer.com)
  • New on the kitchen scene for those who take their culinary skills seriously is the new wave of combination convection / steam ovens . (furniturefashion.com)
Simulations1
  • Using the first pan-African climate change simulations that explicitly model the rainfall-generating convection, we investigate both the climate change response of key mesoscale drivers of Eastern African rainfall, such as sea and lake breezes, and the spatial heterogeneity of rainfall responses. (futureclimateafrica.org)
Driven3
  • This movement is driven by the convection currents caused by the heat from the magma. (managenergy.tv)
  • Convection is driven by the density differences between hot and cold magma, resulting in the upward movement of heated material and the downward movement of cooler material. (managenergy.tv)
  • Convection can be driven by bottom heating, top or side cooling, and by motions of the boundaries. (mantleplumes.org)
Viscous dissipation1
  • 4 ] studied the mixed convection from an exponentially stretching surface by considering the effect of buoyancy and viscous dissipation. (hindawi.com)
Heat15
  • To take into account the effects of urban heat island and urban air pollution, it is assumed that there is low-level heating in urban areas and that aerosol concentration in urban areas is higher than that in surrounding rural areas. (confex.com)
  • The purpose of this paper is to estimate the effect of plate motion on heat transfer in the film boiling regime. (asme.org)
  • Convection facilitates the transfer of heat energy through magma motion. (managenergy.tv)
  • Overall, magma convection plays a significant role in harnessing the Earth's natural heat for energy production. (managenergy.tv)
  • One such mechanism is convection, which facilitates the transfer of heat energy through the motion of the magma itself. (managenergy.tv)
  • This convection mechanism allows for the transportation of heat from the deeper parts of the Earth's mantle to the crust, influencing the behavior of magma chambers and volcanic activity. (managenergy.tv)
  • However, by tapping into the immense heat generated by magma convection, we can significantly increase the efficiency and sustainability of geothermal power generation. (managenergy.tv)
  • Because heating must occur in a vacuum, where there is no convection of air, it is accomplished by placing the sample on the shelving in the unit, so heat is conducted from the side walls to the sample via the metal shelf. (coleparmer.com)
  • Hady F.M., Mohamed R.A. and Mahdy A., MHD Free Convection Flows along a Vertical Wavy Surface with Heat Generation or Absorption Effect, Int. commun. (vinca.rs)
  • We learned many years ago that clinical convection warmers produce sufficient heat to cause a significant burn injury if the outlet hose is directed to the skin without a warming blanket to disperse the heat, a practice called "hosing. (apsf.org)
  • It is clear, however, that for convection warmers to be effective, they must produce a certain amount of heat that can cause an injury if the device is not used properly. (apsf.org)
  • Originality/value: The authors believe that the modeling of natural convection and heat transfer in a cavity with the deformable membrane and oscillating wall heating is a new subject and the results have not been published elsewhere. (whiterose.ac.uk)
  • This innovative dual oven system combines the dry heat of a convection oven with non-pressurized steam in precisely calibrated portions. (furniturefashion.com)
  • Affects heat transfer from the skin's surface either by radiation or convection. (cdc.gov)
  • Cardiovascular status and conditioning are the major physiologic variables affecting the response to heat stress at all ages. (cdc.gov)
Evolution of volcanic1
  • The consequent delay in the cycling of volatiles would have affected the evolution of volcanic activity and life through Earth's history. (imperial.ac.uk)
Radiation2
  • Bataller [ 12 ] investigated a similar problem by considering radiation effects on the Blasius and Sakiadis flows. (hindawi.com)
  • As radiation and convection from the skin increases, this value decreases. (cdc.gov)
Processes4
  • Several methods involve forced convection film boiling, which can occur on metallic strips or plates cooled by water jet impingement or on strips inside cooling jackets of continuous annealing processes. (asme.org)
  • Understanding the intricacies of convection in magma is vital for comprehending the processes that lead to the production and release of geothermal energy. (managenergy.tv)
  • Subsequent studies mainly dealt with nonlinear convection regimes and related pattern-formation processes. (scholarpedia.org)
  • There are three completely different worlds that affect - and are affected by large and complex climatological, geological, and astronomical processes. (lu.se)
Steady mixed1
  • Numerical studies are reported for steady mixed convection in two-dimensional horizontal porous layer with localized heating from below. (umn.edu)
Oscillatory1
Patterns3
  • The convection patterns are the most carefully examined example of self-organizing nonlinear systems. (wikipedia.org)
  • Discontinuities and previously proposed convection patterns within the mantle. (imperial.ac.uk)
  • These, so-called flux lobes, are thought to represent the signatures of whole core convection patterns. (lu.se)
Earth's2
Reservoirs3
  • In this article, we'll explore the intricate mechanisms of magma convection and its impact on geothermal reservoirs. (managenergy.tv)
  • I observe that the impacts of magma convection on geothermal reservoirs are significant for understanding the behavior and potential of these underground energy sources. (managenergy.tv)
  • By studying the interaction between magma convection and geothermal reservoirs, we can gain valuable insights into harnessing this natural process for power generation. (managenergy.tv)
Fluxes2
  • During the experiment COPS, which took place in the Black Forest (Germany) from June 1 to August 31, 2007 and investigated the generation of convection over hills, the University of Bayreuth investigated in the Kinzig valley the turbulent fluxes of momentum, sensible and latent at two agricultural sites and two grassland sites as well as the structure of the of the atmospheric boundary layer with a sodar/RASS system. (uni-bayreuth.de)
  • Branscome, L. E., W. J. Gutowski, and D. A. Stewart, 1989: Effect of surface fluxes on the nonlinear development of baroclinic waves. (ametsoc.org)
Coefficient1
Occur2
  • The results of both calculations suggest a far deeper layer of nitrogen ice than the minimum 500 meters needed for convection to occur, he said. (sciencedaily.com)
  • 4. They should over time become cheaper to make encing many of the neuropsychiatric and autonomic and easier to deliver, which will facilitate the off target effects that can occur with oral dopamin- switch from DBS surgery to cell implantation. (lu.se)
Spontaneously2
  • Once conduction is established, the microscopic random movement spontaneously becomes ordered on a macroscopic level, forming Benard convection cells, with a characteristic correlation length. (wikipedia.org)
  • Contained fluids heated from below spontaneously organize into convection cells when sufficiently far from conductive equilibrium. (mantleplumes.org)
Natural1
20202
  • Pilots can explore flying in massive and lightning-laden downpours in Microsoft Flight Simulator 2020, which offers convection realism. (flyingmag.com)
  • Pilots can explore flying in thunderstorms in Microsoft Flight Simulator 2020 (MSFS) , which offers convection realism. (flyingmag.com)
Plate1
  • By furthering our understanding of these properties, we will be able to better map where the MTZ allows material to pass through it, and how much recycled plate material has accumulated in previous convection cycles. (imperial.ac.uk)
Gravity1
Conventional1
Parameters2
  • Furthermore, the study provides some understanding about how parameters like altitude and air speed affect the occurrence of ice accretion. (nih.gov)
  • Findings: The effects of four pertinent parameters are investigated, i.e. (whiterose.ac.uk)
Model3
  • However, the Purdue team's convection model suggests that the age of the surface of the nitrogen ice fields of the Sputnik Planum region is even younger, around one million years old, he said. (sciencedaily.com)
  • Balasubramanian, G., and M. K. Yau, 1994: Baroclinic instability in a two-layer model with parameterized slantwise convection. (ametsoc.org)
  • A convection vortex model is proposed to explain the sock formation. (cdc.gov)
Fluids1
  • However, of late the effects of MHD to the micropolar fluids problem are very important. (hindawi.com)
Characteristics2
  • This inability to predict long-range conditions and sensitivity to initial-conditions are characteristics of chaotic or complex systems (i.e., the butterfly effect). (wikipedia.org)
  • To determine the feasibility, safety, and characteristics of convection-enhanced delivery (CED) of M13 bacteriophage to the brain, the authors perfused primate brains with bacteriophage. (thejns.org)