• Thus, addressing the presence of immunosuppressive myeloid cell populations in the periphery and tumor microenvironment of patients with cancer is likely to be required for effective NK cell-based immunotherapy. (elifesciences.org)
  • While GB tumors are frequently infiltrated by natural killer (NK) cells, these are actively suppressed by the GB cells and the GB tumor microenvironment. (frontiersin.org)
  • Here, we discuss effects of the GB tumor microenvironment on NK-cell functionality, summarize early treatment attempts with ex vivo activated NK cells, and describe relevant CAR target antigens validated with CAR-T cells. (frontiersin.org)
  • Nevertheless, the composition of the immunologic tumor microenvironment undergoes changes upon radiotherapy, chemotherapy, or even after anti-angiogenic therapy ( 6 ). (frontiersin.org)
  • Regardless of the therapeutic approach, the heterogeneity of pancreatic cancer cells and the complexity of its tumor microenvironment contribute to the emergence of drug resistance. (frontiersin.org)
  • Contributing factors that portend a poor prognosis include the inability to detect early-stage disease and the capacity of ovarian cancer cells to manipulate the tumor microenvironment. (ascopost.com)
  • Although RT is an important modality for cancer treatment, the consequential changes caused by RT in the tumor microenvironment (TME) have not yet been fully elucidated. (nature.com)
  • Furthermore, inflammatory mediators released by irradiated dying cells can attract and regulate immune cells in the tumor microenvironment (TME), further killing cancer cells. (nature.com)
  • With their ability to serve as valuable model systems for studying the tumor microenvironment, organoids are accelerating discovery efforts in cancer biology and enabling rapid screening of potential new therapeutics. (corning.com)
  • Following stimulation, NKT cells lead to activation of both innate and adaptive immune cells in the tumor microenvironment. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Other factors have been suggested to correlate with response to immunotherapy based on clinical and preclinical studies, including elevated type 1 helper T cell (Th1) tumoral gene signature, [ 11 ] and IFN-γ expression, possibly attributable to its ties to other proteins and cytokines within the tumor microenvironment. (medscape.com)
  • They have been used in a variety of hematologic and solid tumors, and their tolerability makes them attractive for use even in elderly and extensively pretreated patients. (nih.gov)
  • Whether they're in the brain, on the skin, or in the liver, solid tumors are difficult to treat. (drugdiscoverynews.com)
  • In particular, chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) - patient T cells genetically engineered to express antigen receptors targeting cancer cells - and organoid technologies (tiny, self-organized three-dimensional tissue cultures derived from stem cells) will continue to disrupt the cell and gene therapy and regenerative medicine fields, translating early successes with liquid cancers to solid tumors and beyond. (corning.com)
  • In a phase II study of pembrolizumab in patients with microsatellite-high (MSI-H) solid tumors, the objective response rate was 39.6% (95% CI = 31.7% to 47.9%), including 7.4% complete responses (CRs) and 32.2% partial responses (PRs). (medscape.com)
  • In addition, tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) produced by irradiated tumor cells can be captured by antigen-presenting cells (APCs) in the TME and presented to T cells. (nature.com)
  • Failed T cell-based immunotherapies in the presence of genomic alterations in antigen presentations pathways may be overcome by NK cell-based immunotherapy. (elifesciences.org)
  • T cell-based immunotherapy, such as immune checkpoint blockade or adoptive T cell transfer, is limited by the ability of T cells to detect major histocompatibility complex (MHC)-presented antigen by tumor cells. (elifesciences.org)
  • Natural killer (NK) cell-based immunotherapy may overcome genetic mechanisms of resistance to T cell-based immunotherapy through antigen- and MHC-independent recognition of malignant cells. (elifesciences.org)
  • Despite significant recent improvements in the field of immunotherapy, cancer remains a heavy burden on patients and healthcare systems. (mdpi.com)
  • Furthermore, similar to T cells, specific recognition and elimination of cancer cells by NK cells can be markedly enhanced through expression of chimeric antigen receptors (CARs), which provides an opportunity to generate NK-cell therapeutics of defined specificity for cancer immunotherapy. (frontiersin.org)
  • We then outline preclinical approaches that employ CAR-NK cells for GB immunotherapy, and give an overview on the ongoing clinical development of ErbB2 (HER2)-specific CAR-NK cells currently applied in a phase I clinical trial in glioblastoma patients. (frontiersin.org)
  • Our findings demonstrate that fucosylation is a key mediator of anti-tumor immunity and, importantly, suggest that L-fucose is a powerful agent for safely increasing itICs and immunotherapy efficacy in melanoma. (bvsalud.org)
  • Unleashing the immune system to fight tumors - an approach enabled by immunotherapy - has led to remarkable outcomes in some cancer patients, but in many more, cancer cells evade the treatment and continue to spread. (broadinstitute.org)
  • The team identified a distinct gene expression pattern that correlated with reduced T cell presence in the tumor and other features of immunotherapy resistance. (broadinstitute.org)
  • By measuring the levels of this "resistance program" before treatment, the team could predict how tumors would respond to immunotherapy - thereby addressing a major clinical challenge in the field of immuno-oncology. (broadinstitute.org)
  • And in another patient cohort, the group showed that cancer cells further amplify this program when exposed to immunotherapy. (broadinstitute.org)
  • Certain mutations in these pathways have already been reported to confer immunotherapy resistance, but here we show that there is a shared regulatory program controlling their expression. (broadinstitute.org)
  • Once the researchers understood this molecular strategy, they began exploring ways to suppress it and sensitize melanoma tumor cells to immunotherapy. (broadinstitute.org)
  • In a mouse model of extremely immunotherapy-resistant melanoma - which expressed the newly discovered resistance program at high levels - the CDK4/6 inhibitors dramatically improved responses to immunotherapy, and the combination approach significantly slowed or eradicated tumors in roughly half the mice. (broadinstitute.org)
  • They are also capable of eliciting spontaneously humoral and cellular immune responses in cancer patients, and are potentially useful targets in cancer vaccine-based immunotherapy. (nih.gov)
  • Immunotherapy includes the use of antigen- and nonantigen-specific substances, such as cytokines, as well as adoptive cellular immunotherapy (ACI) [ 3 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • modelled the effects of immunotherapy, specifically dendritic cell vaccines and T cell adoptive therapy, on tumour growth with and without chemotherapy [ 13 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • Pratap proposed a model that describes the nonlinear dynamics between tumour cells, immune cells, and three forms of therapy: chemotherapy, immunotherapy, and radiotherapy [ 14 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • Feng and Navaratna demonstrated that the initial ratio between regulatory T cells and effector T cells impacts the tumour recurrence time and that the effectiveness of IL-2 use may reverse the immunotherapy outcome [ 15 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • Immunotherapy was shown to significantly increase the rate of the abscopal effect and prolong patient survival. (nature.com)
  • Immune-inflamed tumors are called hot tumors, while the latter two are collectively referred to as cold tumors, and they respond poorly to immunotherapy. (nature.com)
  • Background: Immunotherapy has brought new hope to gastric cancer (GC) patients. (portlandpress.com)
  • We have an immunotherapy that's based on using the patient's own tumor cells as a source of antigen," said Mark Exley, an immunologist and chief scientific officer at Imvax. (drugdiscoverynews.com)
  • Immunotherapy can fail in patients with cancer when certain cancer cells can hide from the immune system. (lu.se)
  • However, cDC1 can be compromised in cancer patients and some cancer cells lack these antigen-presenting proteins on their surface, impacting immunotherapy response. (lu.se)
  • Although promising, no immunotherapy drugs have been approved by the FDA to treat gastrointestinal malignancies outside of the recent approval of pembrolizumab for the treatment of patients with colon cancer with microsatellite instability (MSI). (medscape.com)
  • however, it is far from ideal because PD-L1-negative tumors may respond to immunotherapy and positive tumors may not. (medscape.com)
  • Here, we demonstrate that NK cells (haNKs) engineered to express a PD-L1 chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) haNKs killed a panel of human and murine head and neck cancer cells at low effector-to-target ratios in a PD-L1-dependent fashion. (elifesciences.org)
  • Here, we describe the pre-clinical in vitro and in vivo study of irradiated haNK cells engineered to express a second-generation chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) targeting programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1). (elifesciences.org)
  • In mice whose brainstems were implanted with human DIPG, engineered immune cells known as chimeric antigen receptor T cells - or CAR-T cells - were able to eliminate tumors, leaving very few residual cancer cells. (stanford.edu)
  • Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy involves versions of your T cells (white blood cells that fight disease) that have had their genes changed so they attach to cancer cells. (webmd.com)
  • q11) resulting in a chimeric bcr-abl (e1a2 breakpoint) fusion gene that encodes a 190 KD protein (p190) with constitutively active tyrosine kinase activity that can alter multiple signaling pathways, contributing to tumor growth and proliferation. (hindawi.com)
  • Monoclonals that we were able to develop from tumor specific proteins derived from colon and pancreas cancer were found capable of targeting those tumors to induce apoptosis. (jcancer.org)
  • We are excited to collaborate with HOOKIPA in leveraging their arenaviral technology, which has clinically demonstrated the ability to induce potent antigen specific CD8+ T cell responses and represents a promising approach for new cancer immunotherapies ," said James Sabry, Global Head of Pharma Partnering at Roche. (financialcontent.com)
  • HOOKIPA's novel, replicating arenaviral technology has demonstrated the ability to induce potent antigen-specific T cell responses and promising anti-tumor activity in a Phase 1 clinical trial which treated patients with advanced Human Papillomavirus 16-positive head and neck cancers. (financialcontent.com)
  • Preclinical studies have also demonstrated the ability of arenaviral immunotherapies to break self-tolerance and induce potent T cell responses to tumor self-antigens and mutated epitopes, or target parts of a mutated, cancer-causing gene. (financialcontent.com)
  • mAbs are used to target and bind tumor cells expressing cancer-specific antigens and induce cell death. (labmanager.com)
  • There is evidence that at the clinically relevant doses, itraconazole has potent anti-angiogenic activity, and that it can inhibit the Hedgehog signalling pathway and may also induce autophagic growth arrest. (ecancer.org)
  • By using direct reprogramming strategies, I could induce the expression of tumor antigens on the surface of cancer cells, making them visible to the immune system again. (lu.se)
  • We focused particularly on harnessing reprogramming, or direct cellular reprogramming, to induce antigen presentation in cancer cells. (lu.se)
  • Direct reprogramming strategies with cDC1-specific factors can induce antigen-presentation in cancer cells, making cancer cells visible to the immune system and easier to fight. (lu.se)
  • We identified one peptide named p190-13 able to induce in vitro peptide-specific CD4+ T cell proliferation in Ph+ ALL patients in complete remission during TKIs. (hindawi.com)
  • Thus, from an immunologic point of view, peptides derived from p190-breakpoint area are leukemia-specific antigens that may be employed as therapeutic vaccine with the purpose to induce a T cell response toward p190+ leukemia cells. (hindawi.com)
  • Anti-PD-1 or PD-L1 antibodies alone or in combination with CTLA-4 were shown to induce objective responses in approximately 10% to 20% of patients with gastric and gastroesophageal adenocarcinoma in small nonrandomized trials. (medscape.com)
  • Duffy antigen/chemokine receptor (DARC), also known as Fy glycoprotein (FY) or CD234 (Cluster of Differentiation 234), is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ACKR1 gene. (wikipedia.org)
  • BACKGROUND: Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) targeted antibodies in combination with chemotherapy has improved outcomes of HER2 positive (pos) breast cancer (BC) but toxicity of therapy remains a problem. (bvsalud.org)
  • The terms cancer, chemotherapy, monoclonal antibodies, targeted treatment, tyrosine kinase, epidermal growth factors, epidermal growth factor receptor, and cancer vaccines were used to search MEDLINE for English-language studies in humans, published between 1966 and March 2003. (nih.gov)
  • Lung cancer with epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-activating mutations responds favorably to the EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors gefitinib and erlotinib. (aacrjournals.org)
  • They focused their attention on decades of research on the insulin-like growth factor I receptor (IGF-IR), which cancer cells overexpress to protect themselves from apoptosis (2). (drugdiscoverynews.com)
  • We performed a cost-minimization analysis to compare the cost of biomarker analysis for estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor and human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 status with immunohistochemistry versus STRAT4. (bvsalud.org)
  • however, such operational efficiencies are unlikely, and more laboratories are pursuing human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 analysis as targeted therapies become increasingly available. (bvsalud.org)
  • PD-L1 CAR haNKs reduced levels of macrophages and other myeloid cells endogenously expressing high PD-L1 in peripheral blood from patients with head and neck cancer. (elifesciences.org)
  • NK cells contribute to cancer immune surveillance not only by their direct natural cytotoxicity which is triggered rapidly upon stimulation through germline-encoded cell surface receptors, but also by modulating T-cell mediated antitumor immune responses through maintaining the quality of dendritic cells and enhancing the presentation of tumor antigens. (frontiersin.org)
  • Significant subsets of patients with oral cancer fail to respond to single-agent programmed death (PD) blockade. (aacrjournals.org)
  • Since cancer stem cells have been hypothesized to play a role in refractory/relapsing cancers, in the present work we investigated if autophagy could represent a constitutive cytoprotection mechanism for glioblastoma stem-like cells (GSCs) and if the modulation of autophagic process could affect GBM growth and survival. (nature.com)
  • Autophagy may represent a mechanism of resistance to oxidative stress induced by chemotherapeutic drugs and may potentiate cancer cell survival to hypoxia and nutrient starvation due to the frequently defective tumor vascularization. (nature.com)
  • Despite their specificities, the general idea is to detect certain cancer markers in various body fluids (blood, urine, saliva, etc.), for example, molecules released by cancer cells (cytokines, inflammatory proteins, leptin, etc.) or distinctive features of the DNA in tumor cells. (medscape.com)
  • For cases for which a cancer signal was detected in patients with cancer, the prediction of the original site of the cancer by the MCED test was accurate in 85.2% of cases. (medscape.com)
  • With additional data, we hope that the methods and specific combination therapy identified in our study could have a real benefit for patients," said co-senior author Benjamin Izar , an instructor in medicine and melanoma oncologist at Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and postdoctoral fellow at the Broad Institute. (broadinstitute.org)
  • We found that multiple immune evasion mechanisms, and other hallmarks of cancer growth, are strongly co-regulated with each other in this resistance program," said Livnat Jerby, a postdoctoral fellow in Regev's lab and first author on the paper. (broadinstitute.org)
  • Expression of cancer-testis antigen in multiple myeloma. (nih.gov)
  • Since 1947, Dana-Farber's sole focus has been to provide expert cancer care and groundbreaking treatments for adult and pediatric patients. (dana-farber.org)
  • Each year, thousands of patients from around the world come to Dana-Farber for their cancer care. (dana-farber.org)
  • The present study was aimed to evaluate the possible effects of ABCB1 C3435T and ABCG2 C421A single nucleotide polymorphisms on clinical and pathological outcomes of Kurdish patients with breast cancer. (ac.ir)
  • One hundred breast cancer patients and 200 healthy controls were enrolled in this caseâ��control study. (ac.ir)
  • Patients with AA genotype of ABCG2 C421A were at higher risk of progressing breast cancer. (ac.ir)
  • The A allele of ABCG2 C421A may be a risk factor for progression of breast cancer in Kurdish patients. (ac.ir)
  • In addition, breast cancer patients with C allele of this polymorphism have weaker response to treatments with anthracyclines and Paclitaxol. (ac.ir)
  • Furthermore, patients with advanced pancreatic cancer commonly experience a range of complications including pain, biliary obstruction, cachexia, and venous thromboembolism ( 12 ). (frontiersin.org)
  • Therefore, many patients suffer from the adverse effects of the treatment in addition to therapeutic resistance and cancer recurrence. (hindawi.com)
  • and (ii) tumour-infiltrating lymphocyte (TIL) therapy, in which cells are extracted from lymphocytes recovered from the patient with cancer and incubated with high concentrations of IL-2 before being injected back into the patient. (hindawi.com)
  • investigated impulsive tumour growth models to describe medical interventions during cancer treatments [ 12 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • Overexpression of this molecule was associated with increased survival in patients with advanced-stage ovarian cancer. (ascopost.com)
  • The current biomarker for accurate determination of ovarian cancer prognosis, cancer antigen 125 (CA-125), leaves much to be desired. (ascopost.com)
  • Since ovarian cancer is highly angiogenic, current research into future diagnostic and treatment targets has centered on the expression of angiogenic signaling molecules, including hypoxia-inducible factor-α and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). (ascopost.com)
  • Although this molecule was secreted by ovarian cancer cells, and patient serum threonyl tRNA-synthetase was related to tumor threonyl tRNA-synthetase and angiogenic markers, it did not achieve significance with respect to tumor stage. (ascopost.com)
  • As for a comparison between CA-125 and threonyl tRNA-synthetase, the levels of CA-125 in ovarian cancer patients were much lower than levels of threonyl tRNA-synthetase (0.145-12.0 pg/mL vs 266-896 pg/mL). (ascopost.com)
  • Of note, although overall expression of CA-125 in patients with advanced-stage ovarian cancer was a marker for increased mortality, overexpression of threonyl tRNA-synthetase was associated with increased survival in patients with advanced-stage ovarian cancer. (ascopost.com)
  • Patients who are radioresistant respond poorly to RT and may experience cancer progression. (nature.com)
  • Over half of cancer patients undergo radiation therapy (RT). (nature.com)
  • Roche is an ideal partner, both in terms of development and reaching patients with novel cancer therapeutics. (financialcontent.com)
  • Even though the idea of an immune system actively searching for and disposing of potential mutated tumor cells is over a century old, only recent developments in various fields such as mass spectrometry, immuno-checkpoint blockade strategies and in silico modelling have enabled the realization of the full potential of recruiting immune system to fight cancer and the possibilities of personalized therapies. (helsinki.fi)
  • These therapeutic methods, including but not limited to oncolytic virus therapies, T-cell therapies and cancer vaccines, are based on the body's ability to recognize mutated antigen peptides presented on the cell surface by MCH-receptors (also known as HLA-receptors in humans) and the disposal of the malignant cells by cytotoxic T-cells. (helsinki.fi)
  • This master thesis is a part of a project aiming to set up immunoaffinity-purification/MS based method in order to analyse the ligandome and determine T-cell recognized cancer associated antigens from tumor cells. (helsinki.fi)
  • Advanced technology and a better understanding of the cellular mechanisms that control cancer biology have helped in the development of such targeted treatment. (nih.gov)
  • Monoclonals can be used directly to bind to surface proteins on cancer cells to kill or inhibit their growth," explains Dr. Moran. (labmanager.com)
  • Objectives: To detect the relation between the circulating endothelial progenitor cells (CEPCs) and stages of breast cancer patients. (journalcra.com)
  • Immunocytochemistry and RT-PCR have been widely used for the detection of circulating endothelial progenitor cells (CEPCs) in patients with breast cancer but their specificity is limited. (journalcra.com)
  • Our purpose was to utilize a convenient and specific technology to detect CEPCs in breast cancer patients. (journalcra.com)
  • Material and Methods: This study included 75 newly diagnosed patients with breast cancer females, their ages ranged between 19 and 65 years old. (journalcra.com)
  • Results: In this study, there was statistically significant increase CEPCs numbers in breast cancer patients when compared with control (2.05 ± 0.6x103 CEPCs/5x106 PBMC). (journalcra.com)
  • Conclusion: CEPC elevation in the blood of breast cancer patients established as a useful marker of tumor angiogenesis and progression. (journalcra.com)
  • From existing research data, it is apparent that CEPCs monitoring is efficient, specific and reproducible as early predictors of metastatic potential in breast cancer patients with sensitivity 100 and specificity 100% at 52850 /5x106 PBMC as a cutoff point. (journalcra.com)
  • In breast cancer patients, it is unclear whether measuring p53, mdm-2, or p21 expression provides information on how patients will respond to chemotherapy. (lu.se)
  • p53, mdm-2, p21, and mib-1 expression were assessed by immunohistochemical methods in primary tumors derived from 134 patients who took part in a randomized multicenter trial comparing docetaxel to sequential methotrexate and 5-fluorouracil (MF) in advanced breast cancer. (lu.se)
  • Get the Prostate Cancer Patient Guide, available as a free emailed pdf. (pcf.org)
  • In the future, we might also be able to monitor patient responses to cancer treatment through microRNA profiles expressed in the blood. (pcf.org)
  • Dr. Tewari's research specifically looks to uncover why the regulation by these molecules breaks down, allowing for unchecked cancer cell growth. (pcf.org)
  • In particular, miR-141 levels measured in a patient's blood were elevated in a large fraction of patients with metastatic prostate cancer. (pcf.org)
  • Although much more work needs to be done to study this marker at various stages of disease, it is possible that miR-141 could provide additional information regarding the cancer beyond what is currently possible with existing biomarkers like the PSA test (prostate-specific-antigen test). (pcf.org)
  • In mice, a fatal brainstem tumor was cleared by injecting it with engineered T cells that recognized the cancer and targeted it for destruction. (stanford.edu)
  • When the brains of the mice were examined via immunostaining after treatment, the animals had, on average, a few dozen cancer cells left, compared with tens of thousands of cancer cells in animals that received a control treatment. (stanford.edu)
  • As a cancer immunotherapist, what gets me really excited is when you take an established tumor and you make it disappear," said Crystal Mackall , MD, professor of pediatrics and of medicine and the study's other senior author. (stanford.edu)
  • In CAR-T therapies now used in humans, some of the patient's own immune cells are removed, engineered to attack a surface antigen on the cancer cells, and returned to the patient's body, where they target the cancer cells for destruction. (stanford.edu)
  • Scientists have known for decades that GD2 levels on some other forms of cancer are very high, but its discovery on this tumor came as a surprise, Mackall said, adding, "It was hiding in plain sight, and we didn't know. (stanford.edu)
  • The clinical success of anti-CD19 CAR T-cell therapies has not only provided efficacious treatment alternatives for cancer patients but also aided the developmental and regulatory precedent for the translation of cell-based therapies for other disease areas. (scienceboard.net)
  • Using tiny chambers that release signals from a patient's own tumor, scientists trigger immune cells to mount a personalized attack against the cancer. (drugdiscoverynews.com)
  • Imvax's biodiffusion chambers (right) contain a cancer treatment that uses a person's own tumor cells to stimulate the immune system to fight the cancer. (drugdiscoverynews.com)
  • This tumor heterogeneity means that there is often no "one size fits all" treatment, even for the same types of cancer. (drugdiscoverynews.com)
  • While the idea to use a cancer patient's tumor cells to fight against the tumor is not novel on its own, Exley added, "There are ways in which this is quite radically different, and that explains the substantially better looking clinical data that we've got as well as all the preclinical data we have that looks very positive. (drugdiscoverynews.com)
  • Mark Exley investigates how Imvax's personalized cancer treatment influences a person's immune response to the tumor. (drugdiscoverynews.com)
  • In a meta-analysis by scientists of 23 trials involving 4,246 cancer patients, reishi mushrooms enhanced longevity and quality of life in cancer patients. (greenmedinfo.com)
  • Therapy with white button mushrooms impacted prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels and inhibited prostate cancer by decreasing immunosuppressive factors. (greenmedinfo.com)
  • A peptide from the shiitake mushroom showed promising results in growth arrest, cell death and cleaning out damaged cells in a breast cancer in vitro study. (greenmedinfo.com)
  • [iv] In both in vitro and in vivo studies, results showed that mice with induced testicular cancer treated with the Cordyceps sinensis mushroom had significantly smaller and fewer tumors than the control group. (greenmedinfo.com)
  • In a clinical study of 105 cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy or radiation treatments, a combination of reishi mushroom extract and geraniums improved immunity and fought the cancer and secondary infections that could have compromised treatment and health. (greenmedinfo.com)
  • Besides CAR-T cell therapy, other adoptive cell therapies that use your body's own T-cells to destroy the cancer are being developed including tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte (TIL) therapy. (webmd.com)
  • It is also possible to generate organoids from patient cells to investigate the genetic alterations within an individual's cancer cells. (corning.com)
  • when it comes to cancer they are critical as they present tumor antigens to the killer cells of the immune system and orchestrate the anti-tumor immune response. (lu.se)
  • Modified citrus pectin (MCP) is a soluble fiber that has been processed in such a way that it can be absorbed - and as a supplement, has been promoted for 'detoxification,' 'cellular health,' and preventing or slowing cancer growth such as in prostate and breast cancer tumors. (consumerlab.com)
  • However, there have been only two clinical studies on the effects of MCP in men with prostate cancer and neither study included a control group or placebo, making the results questionable. (consumerlab.com)
  • One small clinical trial of 10 men with prostate cancer who were given MCP after traditional treatments failed (radical prostatectomy, radiation or cryosurgery) found that a daily dose of 14.4 g (6 capsules containing 800 mg Pecta-Sol® taken three times per day) for 12 months significantly slowed the rate at which prostate antigen (PSA) levels increased in the blood ( Guess, Prostate Cancer Prostatic Dis 2003 ). (consumerlab.com)
  • Similarly, evidence that MCP may be beneficial for slowing breast cancer growth is very preliminary. (consumerlab.com)
  • The only other evidence appears to be a study in mice injected with human breast cancer cells found that MCP given orally slowed breast tumor growth ( Nangia-Makker, J Natl Cancer Inst 2002 ). (consumerlab.com)
  • Preliminary evidence suggests modified citrus pectin may slow the growth of cancerous cells or improve quality of life measures in individuals with prostate or breast cancer, but use of MCP is still considered experimental. (consumerlab.com)
  • Tumor markers are soluble glycoproteins that are found in the blood, urine, or tissues of patients with certain types of cancer. (medscape.com)
  • Tumor markers are not elevated in all cancer patients, particularly patients with early-stage cancer. (medscape.com)
  • Ovarian cancer, uterine cervical cancer, endometrial cancer, and trophoblastic neoplasms are gynecologic malignancies for which tumor markers are in clinical use. (medscape.com)
  • Because pathologic diagnosis of ovarian cancer is difficult without laparotomy, tumor markers such as CA-125, in addition to diagnostic imaging, are useful in preoperative evaluation for ovarian cancer. (medscape.com)
  • No tumor markers with high sensitivity and high specificity for endometrial cancer are known at present, although CA-125 is often used in clinical practice. (medscape.com)
  • SCC antigen is useful in the clinical management of advanced cervical cancer. (medscape.com)
  • The study consisted of 108 biopsy-positive prostate cancer cases, 161 biopsy-negative controls, and 237 healthy controls. (cdc.gov)
  • Intake of calcium from food was inversely related to risk for prostate cancer among all races in a comparison of cases and biopsy-negative controls ( P = .05) and cases and healthy controls ( P = .02). (cdc.gov)
  • Total calcium was associated with lower prostate cancer risk among black men but not among white men in analyses of healthy controls. (cdc.gov)
  • A potential mechanism for the role of calcium in prostate cancer development and progression is that intracellular calcium controls the growth of prostate cancer cells and the process of apoptosis (9). (cdc.gov)
  • This study includes participants enrolled between January 2007 and September 2010 who were aged at least 18 years, had a prostate-specific antigen (PSA) screening test done within 12 months prior to enrollment, and had no prior history of prostate cancer. (cdc.gov)
  • In contrast to CTLs, NK cells lack receptors for antigen detection but can still recognize normal cells infected with viruses and cancer cells. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Cancer Causes Control 6:551-566. (cdc.gov)
  • For excellent patient education resources, visit eMedicineHealth's Cancer Center . (medscape.com)
  • Also, see eMedicineHealth's patient education article Cancer of the Mouth and Throat . (medscape.com)
  • Increased activity (expression) of the JAG1 gene has been linked to certain cancers, including breast cancer and head and neck tumors. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Findings We estimated that breast cancer diagnosis in Rwanda costs 138.29 United States dollars (US$) per patient when conducting biomarker analysis by immunohistochemistry. (bvsalud.org)
  • The prostate cancer antigen 3 test has shown superiority and is now widely used. (bvsalud.org)
  • In the recently presented study, KEYNOTE-059, [ 9 ] 259 patients with advanced refractory gastric cancer received pembrolizumab 200 mg every three weeks until progression. (medscape.com)
  • EBV-positive tumors have a higher frequency of Crohn's disease-like lymphoid reaction that correlates with an improved prognosis in patients with gastric cancer. (medscape.com)
  • report a case of a patient with metastatic gastric cancer with a meaningful response to the anti-programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) antibody avelumab. (medscape.com)
  • Hopefully, SAMS will increase our knowledge on active surveillance for low-risk prostate cancer, so that more patients with aggressive cancer will receive curative treatment and fewer patients will receive un-necessary treatment for indolent tumours and thereby maintain their quality of life better. (cancercentrum.se)
  • Arlen M, Arlen P, Tsang A, Wang X, Gupta R. The Therapeutic Value of Monoclonal Antibodies Directed Against Immunogenic Tumor Glycoproteins. (jcancer.org)
  • Monoclonal antibodies developed against immunogenic proteins (Tumor Specific Antigens/TSA's) that are expressed in human cancers, display a unique behavioral pattern. (jcancer.org)
  • It is required by FDA that the potential effects of tumor control and toxicity be defined using the naked antibodies produced under GMP conditions, In those situations where patients with recurrent malignancies are to be studied we have come to realize that a number of factors can influence the response to monoclonal therapy. (jcancer.org)
  • Here we sought to investigate whether delivery of intratumoral (i.t.) multiepitope major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II HER2 peptides-pulsed type I polarized dendritic cells (HER2-DC1) in combination with anti-HER2 antibodies without chemotherapy could enhance tumor regression by increasing anti-HER2 lymphocyte infiltration into the tumor. (bvsalud.org)
  • RESULTS: HER2-DC1 combined with anti-HER2 antibodies delivered i.t. compared to s.c. induced complete tumor regression in 75-80% of treated mice, with increased tumor infiltrating CD4+ and CD8+ T, B, natural killer T cells (NKT) and natural killer cells, and strong anti-HER2 responses in all HER2pos BC models tested. (bvsalud.org)
  • CONCLUSIONS: HER2-DC1 i.t. with anti-HER2 antibodies mediates tumor regression through combined activation of T and B cell compartments and provides evidence that HER2-DC1 i.t. in combination with anti-HER2 antibodies can be tested as an effective alternative therapeutic strategy to current chemotherapy and anti-HER2 antibodies in HER2pos BC. (bvsalud.org)
  • CDR2 antigen and Yo antibodies. (uib.no)
  • Another eagerly anticipated technology -- the manufacture of monoclonal antibodies, "magic bullets" that act on specific tumors or antigens -- appeared in the mid-1970s. (latimes.com)
  • Many new tumor markers have been discovered since the development of monoclonal antibodies, and most tumor markers are now detected with them. (medscape.com)
  • some cells require the presence of humoral antibodies directed against the tumor cells (antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity) to initiate the interactions that lead to the death of tumor cells. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Antibodies blocking the immune checkpoint cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen-4 (CTLA-4), programmed death-1 (PD-1), and programmed death-1-ligand 1 (PD-L1) antigens have been tested in several gastrointestinal malignancies. (medscape.com)
  • In children and adolescents, salivary gland tumors make up 0.5% of all malignancies. (medscape.com)
  • Almost half of all submandibular gland neoplasms and most sublingual and minor salivary gland tumors are malignant. (medscape.com)
  • Successful diagnosis and treatment of patients with salivary gland tumors require a thorough understanding of tumor etiology, biologic behavior of each tumor type, and salivary gland anatomy. (medscape.com)
  • An estimated 700 deaths (0.4 per 100,000 for males and 0.2 per 100,000 for females) related to salivary gland tumors occur annually. (medscape.com)
  • The Duffy antigen is located on the surface of red blood cells, and is named after the patient in whom it was discovered. (wikipedia.org)
  • Treatment of syngeneic tumors resulted in CD8 and PD-L1-dependent tumor rejection or growth inhibition and a reduction in myeloid cells endogenously expressing high levels of PD-L1. (elifesciences.org)
  • Rapamycin enhanced expansion of peripheral antigen-specific CD8 T cells and IFNγ production following ex vivo antigen stimulation. (aacrjournals.org)
  • More CD8 T cells infiltrated and were activated after PD-L1 mAb treatment in mice with immunogenic MOC1 tumors, which were stable or increased by the addition of rapamycin, but suppressed when PD901 was added. (aacrjournals.org)
  • Rapamycin increased IFNγ production capacity in peripheral and tumor-infiltrating CD8 T cells. (aacrjournals.org)
  • We report that dietary administration of L-fucose induces fucosylation and cell surface enrichment of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC)-II protein HLA-DRB1 in melanoma cells, triggering CD4+ T cell-mediated increases in itICs and anti-tumor immunity, enhancing immune checkpoint blockade responses. (bvsalud.org)
  • The presence of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells and ADCC were required for complete tumor regression. (bvsalud.org)
  • Using single-cell RNA sequencing data, the researchers analyzed thousands of melanoma cells from more than 30 melanoma patients, half of which had exhibited resistance to immunotherapies. (broadinstitute.org)
  • Abnormal cells typically have substances on their surfaces, called antigens, that enable T cells to home in and destroy them. (broadinstitute.org)
  • But the resistant tumor cells are able to reduce their antigen levels and hide from the immune system. (broadinstitute.org)
  • The role of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in differential vWF expression was investigated using cultured human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). (biomedcentral.com)
  • 001) between increasing disease stage and threonyl tRNA-synthetase staining intensity in ovarian tumor cells. (ascopost.com)
  • When there is a mutation, or error, in the gene, cells can grow out of control. (financialcontent.com)
  • Vaccines using dendritic cells, tumor cells, and fusions of tumor cells and antigen-presenting cells have also shown some promise in research, but further study is needed to obtain better, sustained results. (nih.gov)
  • Here, we showed that hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), a ligand of MET oncoprotein, induces gefitinib resistance of lung adenocarcinoma cells with EGFR -activating mutations by restoring the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/Akt signaling pathway via phosphorylation of MET, but not EGFR or ErbB3. (aacrjournals.org)
  • Engineered human immune cells can vanquish a deadly pediatric brain tumor in a mouse model, a study from the Stanford University School of Medicine has demonstrated. (stanford.edu)
  • We gave CAR-T cells intravenously, and they tracked to the brain and cleared the tumor. (stanford.edu)
  • To begin the research, the scientists screened human DIPG tumor cultures for surface molecules that could act as targets for CAR-T cells. (stanford.edu)
  • Crystal Mackall says she is encouraged that the work in mice showed that engineered immune cells called CAR-T cells were able to eradicate the tumors in mice. (stanford.edu)
  • Next, the team tested the GD2 CAR-T cells in mice whose brainstem was implanted with human DIPG tumors, an experimental system that Monje's lab pioneered. (stanford.edu)
  • Seven to eight weeks after the tumor was established, each mouse received one intravenous injection of GD2 CAR-T cells or, as a control treatment, an injection of CAR-T cells that react to a different target. (stanford.edu)
  • July 20, 2021 -- Cellular reprogramming of ex vivo cells may offer improvements on first-generation adoptive cell therapies, which have experienced limited clinical success due to complex manufacturing, potential patient rejection, and availability of clinical cell types. (scienceboard.net)
  • Furthermore, the ability to isolate and expand cells of sufficient therapeutic quality and quantity in a patient-to-patient model can limit progress. (scienceboard.net)
  • Coupled with well-established in vitro culture and expansion protocols for T lymphocytes, CAR enabled the antigen-directed cytotoxicity of T cells to be harnessed, expanding the scope of cell therapy. (scienceboard.net)
  • First-generation ex vivo cell therapies, such as autologous anti-CD19 CAR T cells, demonstrated the clinical value and curative potential of enhancing the therapeutic qualities of immune and other patient-derived cell types. (scienceboard.net)
  • The benefits of an allogeneic "off-the-shelf" cell therapy approach are clear: batch-producing cells derived from an unrelated donor or universal cell source that can be used to treat many patients. (scienceboard.net)
  • Because they arise from healthy cells that go haywire, every person's tumor is different. (drugdiscoverynews.com)
  • For example, scientists have isolated patient dendritic cells, exposed them to antigens from the tumor, and reinfused the dendritic cells back into the patient. (drugdiscoverynews.com)
  • Instead, by triggering a patient's own tumor cells to release both immunostimulatory molecules and tumor-specific antigens within a biodiffusion chamber temporarily inserted in the patient's body, the researchers at Imvax turn the uniqueness of the tumor against itself. (drugdiscoverynews.com)
  • Andrews and his colleagues at Thomas Jefferson University and later at Imvax reasoned that if they could give the immune system a chance to fight glioblastoma cells that remain after surgery, patients may have better outcomes. (drugdiscoverynews.com)
  • When they encapsulated both the rat glioblastoma tumor cells and the antisense IGF-IR RNA in a biodiffusion chamber and placed the chamber in the rat's abdomen for 24 hours, the rats that received the treatment lived three times longer than those that received no treatment, and their tumors never came back (5). (drugdiscoverynews.com)
  • Imvax scientists implant the biodiffusion chambers filled with the patient's own tumor cells and the IGF-IR antisense molecule into small incisions on either side of the abdomen for 48 hours. (drugdiscoverynews.com)
  • For instance, tumor organoids in a dish can be generated from cells collected during a biopsy by mixing them with a semisolid matrix and then exposing the mixture to media containing growth factors. (corning.com)
  • Nor are they sure how well a patient's body will accept stem cell treatments derived from cells donated by a stranger, or whether the growth of implanted cells can be managed. (latimes.com)
  • Peptides derived from p190-breakpoint area are leukemia-specific antigens that may mediate an antitumor response toward p190+ leukemia cells. (hindawi.com)
  • The development of alternative strategies that could selectively target Ph+ ALL cells and synergistically work in combination with TKI may have a crucial impact on disease control and ultimately patients' survival. (hindawi.com)
  • p210-breakpoint peptide-specific CD4+ T cells isolated from vaccinated patients were found to be either perforin+ or CD25+/Foxp3+: in both cases they exerted direct cytotoxic activity against a CML cell line [ 8 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • They are typically produced by tumor cells, but in some cases they may be produced by the body in response to malignancy or to certain benign conditions. (medscape.com)
  • Tumor Antigens Many tumor cells produce antigens, which may be released in the bloodstream or remain on the cell surface. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Despite the activity of effector cells, host immunoreactivity may fail to control tumor occurrence and growth. (msdmanuals.com)
  • The T cell is the primary cell responsible for direct recognition and killing of tumor cells. (msdmanuals.com)
  • T cells carry out immunologic surveillance, then proliferate and destroy newly transformed tumor cells after recognizing TAAs. (msdmanuals.com)
  • In contrast, suppressor T cells inhibit the immune response against tumors. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) recognize antigens on target cells and lyse these cells. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Thus, the decreased level of class I molecule expression characteristic of many tumor cells may allow activation of NK cells and subsequent tumor lysis. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Natural killer T (NKT) cells are specialized CD1d-restricted T cells that recognize lipid antigens. (msdmanuals.com)
  • CD1d is a member of the CD1 (cluster of differentiation 1) group of glycoproteins on the surface of human antigen-presenting cells. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Macrophages can kill specific tumor cells when activated by a combination of factors, including lymphokines (soluble factors produced by T cells) and interferon. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Under certain circumstances, macrophages may present TAAs to T cells and stimulate tumor-specific immune response. (msdmanuals.com)
  • This theory holds that tumors arise from 1 of 2 undifferentiated stem cells: the excretory duct reserve cell or the intercalated duct reserve cell. (medscape.com)
  • Notch signaling controls how certain types of cells develop in a growing embryo, especially cells destined to be part of the heart, liver, eyes, ears, and spinal column. (medlineplus.gov)
  • GEP analyses were performed on highly purified, flow-cytometry sorted tumor-cells from eight subgroups of BCLs. (lu.se)
  • This enabled identification of TFs that can be uniquely associated to the tumor cells of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), follicular lymphoma (FL), hairy cell leukemia (HCL), and mantle cell lymphoma (MCL). (lu.se)
  • As such we plan to eventually employ the therapeutic mAbs in combination with chemotherapy as a means of enhancing the immunogenicity of the tumor system being treated and to possibly weaken the malignant growth for easier destruction by the mAb. (jcancer.org)
  • Present standard of care for most patients includes surgical resection followed by radio- and chemotherapy. (frontiersin.org)
  • However, GBM, a very aggressive brain tumor with poor prognosis even after surgery and radio-chemotherapy, invariably recurs and leads to patient death. (nature.com)
  • Hence, continued advancements in diagnostic techniques, chemotherapy and radiation therapy regimens, targeted therapy strategies, and cachexia treatments will be critical for improving patient outcomes ( Figure 1 ). (frontiersin.org)
  • Therefore, chemotherapy depletes the immune system of the patient, leading to dangerous infections. (hindawi.com)
  • High tumor proliferation has previously been associated with response to chemotherapy. (lu.se)
  • p53, mdm-2, p21, and mib-1 expression were not significantly associated with response to chemotherapy, time to progression, or overall survival in the whole patient population or in the docetaxel group. (lu.se)
  • Although highly preliminary, the findings suggest that different tumor biological factors may predict response to different chemotherapy regimens with distinct mechanisms of action. (lu.se)
  • The results of our phenotype analysis also indicate that it is more likely that a panel of tumor biological factors instead of only one single factor may be needed for better prediction of chemotherapy response. (lu.se)
  • A preliminarily study of carcinogenesis and chemosensitivity suggests that this cell model carries a tumor suppressor gene mutation and is sensitive to chemotherapy drugs. (oncotarget.com)
  • The standard of care for glioblastoma is to remove as much of the brain tumor as possible and then treat the patient with radiation and chemotherapy, but Andrews said, this "is where we've been since 2005. (drugdiscoverynews.com)
  • Cordyceps cicadae mushroom treatment prevented testicular damage and tumors caused by the chemotherapy drug cisplatin via inhibition of oxidative stress and inflammation in rats. (greenmedinfo.com)
  • Before the advent of tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs), the outcome of Ph+ ALL patients not eligible for allogeneic stem cell transplant (allo-SCT) was characterized by an extremely poor prognosis, a weak response to most chemotherapy combinations, short remission durations, and poor survival rates. (hindawi.com)
  • The higher mRNA and protein expression of vWF in GC tumor stroma may be regulated by the VEGF-VEGFR2 signaling pathway in vitro and may contribute to GC progression in vivo . (biomedcentral.com)
  • Alterations in either the innate or adaptive arm of the immune system and cross-talk between them make the immune system tolerant to tumors, leading to disease progression. (wjgnet.com)
  • Given the regulatory nature of miRNA, scientists have sought to find what its connection is to the development of tumor cell progression . (pcf.org)
  • Guarnaccia C, Dhir S, Pintar A, Pongor S. The tetralogy of Fallot-associated G274D mutation impairs folding of the second epidermal growth factor repeat in Jagged-1. (medlineplus.gov)
  • With the ability of the mAbs to demonstrate therapeutic antitumor activity in those patients with relatively advanced malignancies, the term tumor specific was introduced. (jcancer.org)
  • Mabs capable of targeting the malignancies noted above were produced following immunization of BALBc mice with the Tumor Specific Antigens. (jcancer.org)
  • Mib-1 monoclonal antibody recognizes the proliferation-related antigen Ki-67. (lu.se)
  • High levels of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes are associated with increased pathologic complete responses for patients treated with neoadjuvant therapy. (bvsalud.org)
  • The antigenic properties of threonyl tRNA-synthetase and the known role for immune cell signaling in angiogenesis encourage future study of threonyl tRNA-synthetase in immune cell responses to ovarian tumors," concluded the investigators. (ascopost.com)
  • However, responses vary significantly among eligible patients. (lu.se)
  • Most humoral responses cannot prevent tumor growth. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Originally discovered by scientists in the 1990's, miRNAs are short, single-stranded RNA molecules that play a critical role in controlling gene activity. (pcf.org)
  • Cell surface antigens are large molecules sticking out from a cell that help the immune system determine whether the cell is harmless or harmful. (stanford.edu)
  • These antigens may be cell surface proteins or may be intracellular proteins (eg, TAAs) that are expressed on the surface in combination with class I major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules. (msdmanuals.com)
  • citation needed] In 1950, the Duffy antigen was discovered in a multiply-transfused hemophiliac named Richard Duffy, whose serum contained the first example of anti-Fya antibody. (wikipedia.org)
  • This includes the amount of shed antigen in the serum at the time of treatment that could initiate immune complex formation as well as the shedding of inhibitory material into the serum possibly effecting an immune response. (jcancer.org)
  • Patients diagnosed with GB have a dismal prognosis, and typically succumb to the disease within 3 months if untreated. (frontiersin.org)
  • Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member B10 (AKR1B10) is an inflammatory regulator and is closely related to the prognosis of patients with GC. (portlandpress.com)
  • Despite substantial improvements in diagnosis and treatment, the prognosis of GC patients is still poor [ 2 ]. (portlandpress.com)
  • The various tumor markers differ in their usefulness for screening, diagnosis, prognosis, assessing therapeutic response, and detecting recurrence. (medscape.com)
  • In contrast to other cancers such as adenocarcinomas of the lung or melanoma, primary brain tumors like GB and low grade gliomas (LGG) are known as rather immunologically "cold" tumors, typically with low numbers of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) ( 4 ), and the mere amount of TILs is not associated with patient survival ( 5 ). (frontiersin.org)
  • Supernatant [fluid] is taken from the hybridomas, and the investigator screens for the monoclonal antibody of interest that will recognize a specific antigen and is appropriate for their application. (labmanager.com)
  • Their tumoricidal activity is termed natural because it is not induced by a specific antigen. (msdmanuals.com)
  • but prostate-specific antigen (PSA) testing remains the frontline test for both mass screening and individual clinical testing. (bvsalud.org)
  • D and thereby promote tumor growth. (cdc.gov)
  • Clinical trials have shown that patients with prostate, lung, and basal cell carcinoma have benefited from treatment with itraconazole, and there are additional reports of activity in leukaemia, ovarian, breast, and pancreatic cancers. (ecancer.org)
  • Results: Macrophage polarization was the main immune infiltration pattern in GC, and the state of macrophage polarization was closely related to the pathological grading of GC and the clinical stage of patients. (portlandpress.com)
  • In addition, once it has been demonstrated that these technologies have broad usability, they will serve as a foundation that can help reduce risks - both to patients and in terms of costs and timelines - of future clinical trials. (corning.com)
  • A consistent increase in a tumor marker value, combined with lack of clinical improvement, may indicate treatment failure. (medscape.com)
  • The recent results of AIDS Clinical Trials Group Protocol 076, a controlled clinical trial sponsored by the National Institutes of Health in collaboration with the National Institute of Health and Medical Research and the National Agency of Research on AIDS in France, indicate that zidovudine administered to a selected group of HIV-infected women and their infants can reduce the risk for perinatal transmission of HIV by approximately two-thirds. (cdc.gov)
  • Melanoma fucosylation and fucosylated HLA-DRB1 associate with intratumoral T cell abundance and anti-programmed cell death protein 1 (PD1) responder status in patient melanoma specimens, suggesting the potential use of melanoma fucosylation as a strategy for stratifying patients for immunotherapies. (bvsalud.org)
  • This analysis was done in larger independent cohorts of melanoma patients, assembled in collaboration with colleagues at Massachusetts General Hospital and the University of Essen in Germany. (broadinstitute.org)
  • The "melanoma-enriched" microRNA miR-4731-5p acts as a tumour suppressor. (nih.gov)
  • By measuring the levels of this "resistance program," the team could predict how tumors would respond to treatment in larger independent cohorts of melanoma patients. (dana-farber.org)
  • Reports of spontaneous regression and tumour infiltration with T-lymphocytes makes melanoma candidate for immunotherapies. (mdpi.com)
  • Based on current knowledge, it is expected that miR-141 levels will be independent of hormone levels - suggesting the microRNA may make for a more accurate biomarker of tumor activity in some situations. (pcf.org)
  • My Ph.D. studies have focused on restoring anti-tumor immunity with dendritic cell reprogramming strategies. (lu.se)
  • von Willebrand factor (vWF) is a potent regulator of angiogenesis, tumor growth, and metastasis. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Research on the GC-hemostasis association has revealed that the increased expression of tissue factor (TF) promotes the pathogenic conditions of coagulation, tumor growth, and angiogenesis [ 7 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Dufraine J, Funahashi Y, Kitajewski J. Notch signaling regulates tumor angiogenesis by diverse mechanisms. (medlineplus.gov)
  • A novel brain metastases model developed in immunodeficient rats closely mimics the growth of metastatic brain tumours in patients. (uib.no)
  • This includes the early recognition of these immunogenic membrane proteins that can serve as diagnostic markers, and the targeting of such markers for the destruction of the tumor, primarily thru ADCC. (jcancer.org)
  • The monoclonals (mAbs) that we have developed against specific immunogenic tumor membrane proteins have been studied in detail. (jcancer.org)
  • These tumor proteins, when first defined, were referred to as tumor associated antigens. (jcancer.org)
  • Tripartite Motif Containing 13 (TRIM13), a member of TRIM proteins, is deleted in multiple tumor types, especially in B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia and multiple myeloma. (cancerindex.org)
  • Prognostic variables in oligodendroglial tumors: a single-institution study of 95 cases. (uib.no)
  • Andrews' and Craig Hooper's team at Thomas Jefferson University designed an antisense IGF-IR RNA molecule that inhibits glioblastoma tumor's IGF-IR and triggers tumor cell apoptosis in multiple rodent models (3,4). (drugdiscoverynews.com)
  • While KRAS-mutated, tumor-specific treatments exist, there remains an opportunity to target a broader range of KRAS-mutations simultaneously to potentially help more people impacted by these cancers. (financialcontent.com)
  • L'ACE et le CA19-9 ont une bonne sensibilité et une spécificité relative qui leur permettent de suivre l'évolution des cancers digestifs en particulier les cancers colorectaux. (bvsalud.org)
  • The risk of not treating patients with aggressive cancers early enough, the long-term effects and the impact on quality of life are unknown. (cancercentrum.se)
  • The scientific hypothesis is that this alternative schedule for follow-up will identify the aggressive cancers earlier with less health-care resources and better quality of life for the patients, without increasing the total proportion of patients receiving radical therapy within 5 years. (cancercentrum.se)
  • Here we summarize the main drivers of the NF-κB pathway in AML pathogenesis as well as the conventional and novel therapeutic strategies targeting NF-κB to improve the survival of AML patients. (mdpi.com)
  • Although in the last few years new agents have been developed for AML treatment, the overall survival prospects for AML patients are still gloomy and new therapeutic options are still urgently needed. (mdpi.com)
  • B-cell lymphomas (BCLs) constitute a diverse set of tially identify new functional, diagnostic, and therapeutic tumors, both morphologically and clinically, that are mainly targets. (lu.se)
  • Despite this aggressive treatment, median survival of glioblastoma patients is only about 15 months, and recurrence remains almost inevitable ( 1 , 2 ). (frontiersin.org)
  • Patients in the report had a 5-year overall survival rate of 93.1%, although survival rates were lower in children who experienced symptoms, local recurrence, or metastasis or who did not undergo treatment with surgery or surgery plus radiotherapy. (medscape.com)
  • Conversely, PD-L1 mAb did not enhance tumor control in poorly immunogenic MOC2 tumors. (aacrjournals.org)
  • Beta-hCG and alpha-fetoprotein have proved to be useful markers for ovarian germ cell tumors. (medscape.com)
  • Anti-PD-L1 enhanced durable primary tumor control and survival when combined with mTOR (rapamycin), but not in combination with MEK inhibition (PD901) in immunogenic MOC1 tumors. (aacrjournals.org)
  • The limitation of this study is that one patient cannot represent the complete heterogeneity of PeCa, especially primary tumor. (oncotarget.com)
  • 1 Tumor Biology Section, Head and Neck Surgery Branch, National Institutes of Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland. (aacrjournals.org)
  • Tumor Biology. (ac.ir)
  • The correlation of IHC-detected vWF expression with patient clinicopathological characteristics was analyzed. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In addition, the mortality risk was slightly reduced for patients with high expression of this molecule within their tumors. (ascopost.com)
  • In colorectal biopsies and peripheral blood lymphocytes of patients with IBD, polyps and CRC, we evaluated 1) genomic instability using the γH2AX assay as marker of DSB and micronuclei in mononuclear lymphocytes kept under cytodieresis inhibition, and 2) cellular stress through expression and cellular localization of glutathione-S-transferase omega 1 (GSTO1). (oncotarget.com)
  • Age-dependent association between protein expression of the embryonic stem cell marker Cripto-1 and survival of glioblastoma patients. (uib.no)
  • Interestingly, tumors with both negative mdm-2 and p21 expression, irrespective of p53 status, had a high response rate to docetaxel but no response to MF. (lu.se)
  • Excess expression of the sugar is caused by the same mutation, known as the H3K27M mutation, that drives the growth of most DIPG tumors, the team found. (stanford.edu)
  • To determine if P450 aromatase was present in this population of women, we performed immunohistochemistry for P450 aromatase in a subset of endometrial samples including 10 women who conceived with normal integrin expression, compared with 10 women who failed IVF with absent integrin immunostaining with 8 controls known to be free of endometriosis. (palomid529.com)
  • The increased expression of the JAG1 gene may promote the development of new blood vessels that nourish a growing tumor. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Cytokines The immune system consists of cellular components and molecular components that work together to destroy antigens (Ags). (msdmanuals.com)
  • The GC tumor tissues also showed higher vWF mRNA and protein levels than the adjacent non-tumoral parenchyma. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Most of the undifferentiated GC tumor tissues at late disease stage exhibited strong VEGF and VEGFR2 protein staining, which co-localized with the vWF protein staining pattern. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Levels of threonyl tRNA-synthetase were analyzed within normal and malignant tissues from 70 patient records of the Fletcher Allen Health Care/University of Vermont between 1999 and 2003. (ascopost.com)
  • We successfully established two PeCa cell lines from fresh tumor tissues from 21 cases. (oncotarget.com)
  • A phase II study showed that patients with resected local-regionally advanced head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) had improved survival when pembrolizumab was added to adjuvant RT (NCT02641093). (nature.com)
  • Although researchers have learned much from the study of this diverse group of tumors over the years, the diagnosis and treatment of salivary gland neoplasms remain complex and challenging problems for the head and neck surgeon. (medscape.com)
  • Salivary gland neoplasms make up 6% of all head and neck tumors. (medscape.com)
  • Although it is a benign condition and most patients are asymptomatic, it can cause emotional and psychosocial distress. (medscape.com)
  • The control group consisted of 12 patients who were identified as having benign pathologies. (ascopost.com)
  • Patients with malignant lesions typically present after age 60 years, whereas those with benign lesions usually present when older than 40 years. (medscape.com)
  • [ 4 , 5 ] ) Benign neoplasms occur more frequently in women than in men, but malignant tumors are distributed equally between the sexes. (medscape.com)
  • Most tumors (65%) are benign, with hemangiomas being the most common, followed by pleomorphic adenomas. (medscape.com)
  • Glioblastoma (GB) is the most frequent malignant primary brain tumor in adults, without any curative treatment options available at present. (frontiersin.org)
  • Contrasting information was derived through a literature review by Louredo et al, which indicated that in pediatric patients, most salivary gland neoplasms (75.4%) are malignant. (medscape.com)
  • Aim of the present work was to investigate in vitro and in vivo the possible involvement of autophagy, and its modulation in the control of GSC survival and death. (nature.com)
  • Second-generation TKIs have demonstrated promising efficacy in the treatment of imatinib-resistant Ph+ ALL patients, but despite these results, the relapse rate of Ph+ ALL patients remains very high with an overall survival still unsatisfactory [ 2 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • A previous British National Health Service (NHS) study, SYMPLIFY, which was published in 2023 by researchers at the University of Oxford, was conducted in symptomatic patients attending a health center [see box]. (medscape.com)
  • Labeled HER2-DC1 migrated prominently into the distant tumor and induced infiltration of various DC subsets into tumors. (bvsalud.org)
  • Treatment of xenograft tumors resulted in PD-L1-dependent tumor growth inhibition. (elifesciences.org)
  • In vivo antibody depletion revealed a CD8 T-cell-dependent, and not NK cell-dependent mechanism of tumor growth inhibition after treatment with rapamycin and PD-L1 mAb, ruling out significant effects from NK cell-mediated antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity. (aacrjournals.org)
  • It unlocks novel dimensions by uncovering elusive cell populations and tumor heterogeneities for early detection, unraveling mechanisms of treatment resistance, tailoring therapies to individuals, and illuminating metastasis and cachexia pathways, thereby opening fresh avenues for preventive strategies. (frontiersin.org)
  • METHODS: BALB/c mice bearing orthotopic TUBO tumors, BALB/c mice bearing subcutaneous (s.c. (bvsalud.org)
  • CT26 hHER2 tumors, or BALB-HER2/neu transgenic mice were all treated with i.t. or s.c. (bvsalud.org)
  • The study , which was published online April 16 in Nature Medicine, represents the first time a severe human brainstem tumor, diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma, has been eradicated in mice. (stanford.edu)
  • However, despite the success of checkpoint inhibitors and the advent of cellular therapies, novel strategies need to be explored to (1) improve treatment in patients where these approaches fail and (2) make such treatments widely and financially accessible. (mdpi.com)
  • It is also used for long-term maintenance or prophylaxis, for example 200 mg-400 mg daily for HIV-infected patients, 400 mg daily for patients suffering from chronic pulmonary aspergillosis, or 100 mg per day for more than one year for the treatment of paracoccidioidomycosis [ 1 ]. (ecancer.org)
  • We speculate that there may be microRNA profiles in the blood that predict whether a tumor will respond to specific treatment," says Dr. Tewari. (pcf.org)
  • In a study of 18 patients diagnosed with low and intermediate myelodysplastic syndrome, which can lead to leukemia if not managed well, maitake mushroom extract treatment of three milligrams (mg) twice a day for 12 weeks increased immunity, positively affecting neutrophil, monocyte and free radical production. (greenmedinfo.com)
  • Overall, these technologies will continue to drive the further development of personalized medicine, with all of them ultimately working together to match the right patient with the right treatment at the right time. (corning.com)
  • Three decades later, its promise remains uncertain and has been hampered by unseemly haste: In 1999, an 18-year-old patient with a metabolic disorder, Jesse Gelsinger, died after undergoing an experimental treatment as a volunteer. (latimes.com)
  • The introduction of imatinib, a selective inhibitor of the ABL tyrosine kinase, has revolutionized the treatment and the outcome of this subset of patients [ 1 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • Sometimes, tumor marker values may rise after effective treatment (due to cell lysis), but the increase may not portend treatment failure. (medscape.com)
  • [ 10 ] Based partly on this study, pembrolizumab was recently approved by the FDA for treatment of advanced MSI-H tumors. (medscape.com)
  • In the SAMS (SAMS-FU and SAMS-ObsQoL) the quality of life and pelvic symptoms of patients on active surveillance will be investigated and compared to those of patients receiving immediate treatment with curative intent. (cancercentrum.se)
  • 2. Interferon γ cytokine secretion was determined by ELISPOT to assess PBMC response against known antigens in a preliminary experiment to approximate usable range for the following antigen specific PBMC assays. (helsinki.fi)
  • In addition, beta-hCG serves as an ideal tumor marker for monitoring gestational trophoblastic disease and has set the standard with which other assays must be compared. (medscape.com)
  • We propose that the growing genomic instability found in our patients is connected with the alteration of cellular environment. (oncotarget.com)
  • Advances in single-cell technologies and exponential growth of high-resolution biological data, harnessed by high-throughput bioinformatics and computational methodologies, have enabled the introduction of systematic means for controlling cellular identity. (scienceboard.net)