AnatomyOrganismsChemicals and DrugsAnalytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and EquipmentPhenomena and ProcessesInformation Science
ClathrinClathrin Heavy ChainsClathrin Light ChainsMonomeric Clathrin Assembly ProteinsClathrin-Coated VesiclesCoated Pits, Cell-MembraneAdaptor Protein Complex 2Adaptor Proteins, Vesicular TransportEndocytosisAdaptor Protein Complex alpha SubunitsAdaptor Protein Complex 1Coated VesiclesAuxilinsEndosomestrans-Golgi NetworkAdaptor Protein Complex beta SubunitsHSC70 Heat-Shock ProteinsDynaminsAdaptor Protein Complex mu SubunitsAdaptor Protein Complex gamma SubunitsAdaptor Protein Complex 3Protein TransportVesicular Transport ProteinsProtein BindingTransferrinCattleGolgi ApparatusADP-Ribosylation FactorsMembrane ProteinsFreeze EtchingCell MembraneDynamin IMolecular Sequence DataArrestinsMicroscopy, FluorescenceAmino Acid SequenceHeLa CellsTransport VesiclesNerve Tissue ProteinsPhosphoproteinsRecombinant Fusion ProteinsAdaptor Protein Complex sigma SubunitsCarrier ProteinsAdaptor Protein Complex delta SubunitsMicroscopy, ElectronAmino Acid MotifsTranscription Factor AP-2Macromolecular SubstancesHSP70 Heat-Shock ProteinsProtein Structure, TertiaryCaveolaeCell LineADP-Ribosylation Factor 1Binding SitesGreen Fluorescent ProteinsCOS Cells
EndocytosisVesiclesProteinsEndocyticPlasma membraneAdaptorsEndosomesAdaptor complexesDynaminActin assemblyMechanismsCCVsReceptorsEpithelial cellsRegulatesPitsCaveolarSynapticComplexesMechanismPathwayCoatEndosomalCenters for DiseasInternalizationImpactsLatticeTrans-Golgi nCargoProcessesCellsRegulationMembrane lipidCellSignalsFormationProcessLight chainFormTransport
Endocytosis29
  • Cells constitutively utilize several distinct mechanisms of endocytosis, including clathrin-mediated endocytosis (CME) for the internalization of receptor-bound macromolecules such as Transferrin Receptor (TfR), and distinct mechanism(s) that mediate the majority of fluid-phase endocytosis. (plos.org)
  • Fekri F, Delos Santos RC, Karshafian R, Antonescu CN (2016) Ultrasound Microbubble Treatment Enhances Clathrin-Mediated Endocytosis and Fluid-Phase Uptake through Distinct Mechanisms. (plos.org)
  • Receptor-mediated endocytosis (RME), also called clathrin-mediated endocytosis, is a process by which cells absorb metabolites, hormones, proteins - and in some cases viruses - by the inward budding of the plasma membrane (invagination). (wikipedia.org)
  • Although receptors and their ligands can be brought into the cell through a few mechanisms (e.g. caveolin and lipid raft), clathrin-mediated endocytosis remains the best studied. (wikipedia.org)
  • Clathrin-mediated endocytosis of many receptor types begins with the ligands binding to receptors on the cell plasma membrane. (wikipedia.org)
  • This became apparent when it was found that the association and formation of specific signaling complexes via clathrin-mediated endocytosis is required for the effective signaling of hormones (e.g. (wikipedia.org)
  • The development of photoswitchable peptide inhibitors of protein-protein interactions involved in clathrin-mediated endocytosis (Traffic Lights peptides) and photoswitchable small molecule inhibitors of dynamin (Dynazos) has been reported. (wikipedia.org)
  • These photopharmacological compounds allow spatiotemporal control of the endocytosis with light. (wikipedia.org)
  • Conserved proteins drive clathrin-mediated endocytosis (CME), which universally involves a burst of actin assembly. (biorxiv.org)
  • Clathrin-mediated endocytosis (CME) takes up nutrients, regulates responses to extracellular stimuli, and controls the chemical composition and surface area of the plasma membrane. (biorxiv.org)
  • In diverse species, actin assembly facilitates clathrin-coated vesicle (CCV) formation during endocytosis. (rupress.org)
  • Dynamin and clathrin inhibitors suppressed endocytosis, signaling and hyperexcitability. (dtic.mil)
  • Blocks clathrin-mediated endocytosis of transferrin when applied for 30 minutes to U2OS cells in culture (IC 50 = 7.0 μM). (abcam.com)
  • An important negative control mechanism in the signaling of epidermal growth factor (EGF) is the endocytosis and subsequent degradation of activated EGF receptors. (embl.de)
  • Eps15 and its related partner Eps15R play a key role in clathrin-mediated endocytosis of transmembrane receptors. (embl.de)
  • Treatment with uptake inhibitors showed that the PMET720 particles were internalized via clathrin- and caveolar-mediated endocytosis as wells as actin-dependent pinocytosis/phagocytosis. (cdc.gov)
  • One important model for mechanistic studies of endocytosis in C. elegans focuses on oocytes, which internalize huge quantities of yolk proteins and their associated lipids by clathrin-mediated endocytosis ( Grant and Hirsh, 1999 ). (wormbook.org)
  • Mechanism of clathrin-dependent endocytosis. (wormbook.org)
  • 2021. Cargo-specific recruitment in clathrin- and dynamin-independent endocytosis. . (ncbs.res.in)
  • 2018. Mechanochemical feedback control of dynamin independent endocytosis modulates membrane tension in adherent cells. . (ncbs.res.in)
  • Small GTPases and BAR domain proteins regulate branched actin polymerisation for clathrin and dynamin-independent endocytosis. (ncbs.res.in)
  • Unlike membrane remodeling in classical curvature-dependent processes like clathrin-mediated endocytosis, cristae junctions are most likely shaped by integral membrane proteins. (db-engine.de)
  • Phosphatidylinositol 5-phosphate 4-kinase regulates early endosomal dynamics during clathrin-mediated endocytosis. (ncbs.res.in)
  • Clathrin-mediated endocytosis is the primary pathway for receptor and cargo internalization in eukaryotic cells. (princeton.edu)
  • We determine the shape and size parameters common to clathrin-mediated endocytosis. (princeton.edu)
  • Together, these data present a universal mechanistic model of clathrin-mediated endocytosis. (princeton.edu)
  • Studies on the mechanisms and regulation of clathrin-mediated endocytosis (CME) and actin force generation during CME, and their critical importance to cell function in both budding yeast and mammalian cells, are proposed. (grantome.com)
  • Clathrin-mediated endocytosis is responsible for uptake of molecules from the plasma membrane and surrounding environment, and is important for cholesterol homeostasis, pathogen entry into cells, and to prevent certain cancers that result from excessive growth factor signaling. (grantome.com)
  • Mechanistic understanding of clathrin-mediated endocytosis and actin assembly are thus crucial to understanding normal cell physiology and a variety of pathological conditions. (grantome.com)
Vesicles11
  • Here, we highlight recent insights into integrin control of intracellular trafficking in processes such as degranulation, mechanotransduction, cell-cell communication, antibody production, virus entry, Toll-like receptor signaling, autophagy, and phagocytosis, as well as the release and uptake of extracellular vesicles. (uu.nl)
  • The outer surface of these vesicles is covered with a lattice-like network of the protein CLATHRIN. (lookformedical.com)
  • Shortly after formation, however, the clathrin coat is removed and the vesicles are referred to as ENDOSOMES. (lookformedical.com)
  • An adaptor protein complex primarily involved in the formation of clathrin-related endocytotic vesicles (ENDOSOMES) at the CELL MEMBRANE. (lookformedical.com)
  • The outer surface of these vesicles are covered with a lattice-like network of coat proteins, such as CLATHRIN, coat protein complex proteins, or CAVEOLINS. (lookformedical.com)
  • Cytoplasmic vesicles formed when COATED VESICLES shed their CLATHRIN coat. (lookformedical.com)
  • Clathrin and cargo molecules are assembled into clathrin-coated pits on the plasma membrane together with an adaptor complex called AP-2 that links clathrin with transmembrane receptors, concluding in the formation of mature clathrin-coated vesicles (CCVs). (wormbook.org)
  • Intersectin-2 is a cytoplasmic adapter protein that may provide a link between the actin assembly machinery and the endocytic membrance traffic, as well a control the production of clathrin-coated vesicles in terms of their invagination of budding. (novusbio.com)
  • In contrast to clathrin-coated vesicles, which dissociate after cargo delivery to intracellular compartments, flotillins were incorporated at the level of the plasma membrane within the vesicles, building-up the TCR endocytic network. (fabretp.org)
  • A) Clathrin-coated vesicles (CCVs), circular vesicles with a fringe of clathrin protein (arrow), in the cell cytoplasm range in size from 60 nm−100 nm. (cdc.gov)
  • 2014. Clathrin regenerates synaptic vesicles from endosomes. (spp1926.de)
Proteins10
  • The ligand and receptor will then recruit adaptor proteins and clathrin triskelions to the plasma membrane around where invagination will take place. (wikipedia.org)
  • A mature pit will be cleaved from the plasma membrane through the use of membrane-binding and fission proteins such as dynamin (as well as other BAR domain proteins), forming a clathrin-coated vesicle that then uncoats of clathrin and typically fuses to a sorting endosome. (wikipedia.org)
  • Proteins of the Sla2p/Hip1R family bind to actin and clathrin at endocytic sites in yeast and mammals. (rupress.org)
  • These specialized signalling filopodia transmit signal proteins between communicating cells and allow a high degree of control of propagation speed, direction and concentration of the transmitted ligand. (exeter.ac.uk)
  • Merajver's lab at the Rogel Cancer Center worked with a Michigan Engineering team led by Allen Liu, Ph.D., and postdoctoral researcher Luciana Rosselli-Murai, Ph.D. They focused on a protein called clathrin, which impacts how metabolites, hormones and other proteins enter into a cell. (eurekalert.org)
  • Clathrin also interacts with cytoskeletal proteins. (lookformedical.com)
  • A subclass of clathrin assembly proteins that occur as monomers. (lookformedical.com)
  • A family of proteins that play a role as cofactors in the process of CLATHRIN recycling in cells. (lookformedical.com)
  • Many receptors and their associated ligands cluster into clathrin-coated pits by association with clathrin adaptor proteins such as the four-subunit complex AP2. (wormbook.org)
  • These findings provide a framework for synchronizing the chemical/biophysical properties of lipid bilayers, F-actin-based mechanical forces, and the activity of proteins sensing membrane shape during clathrin/adaptor protein-1-coated carrier biogenesis. (researcher-app.com)
Endocytic5
  • Building endocytic pits without clathrin. (ncbs.res.in)
  • The membrane organizing protein Rabbit Polyclonal to VAV1 flotillins have been reported to define Fonadelpar a clathrin-independent endocytic route22,23 and support the recycling of cell surface proteins24C26. (fabretp.org)
  • We show that in activated T cells TCR is usually internalized through a clathrin-independent pathway into a mobile and long-lived endocytic network supported by flotillins, which controls its recycling to the immunological synapse. (fabretp.org)
  • Echovirus 7 enters polarized Caco-2 intestinal epithelial cells by a clathrin-mediated endocytic procedure and after that techniques through the endosomal program before releasing it is genome into the cytoplasm. (palomid529.com)
  • Clathrin/adaptor protein-1-coated carriers connect the secretory and the endocytic pathways. (researcher-app.com)
Plasma membrane4
  • Invagination of the plasma membrane then occurs, forming a clathrin-coated pit. (wikipedia.org)
  • Recycling earnings endocytosed receptors to the plasma membrane and by doing so controls their level of surface expression and consequently the sensitivity of the cell to extracellular stimuli. (fabretp.org)
  • The structure and spontaneous curvature of clathrin lattices at the plasma membrane. (princeton.edu)
  • The mechanism and control of lattice assembly, curvature, and vesicle formation at the plasma membrane has been a matter of long-standing debate. (princeton.edu)
Adaptors2
  • Clathrin adaptors in turn bind to the clathrin lattice which is thought to provide the force required to deform the membrane into a curved bud. (wormbook.org)
  • Clathrin Adaptors. (edu.pl)
Endosomes2
  • Aim 1 examines whether GPCRs in endosomes control activity of ion channels and expression of genes that induce sustained neuronal excitation. (dtic.mil)
  • Therapies include dynamin and clathrin inhibitors lipid-conjugated antagonists that accumulate in endosomes antagonists encapsulated into nanoparticles that disassemble in acidic endosomes. (dtic.mil)
Adaptor complexes1
  • Direct interactions between CLA-1L and clathrin-associated adaptor complexes. (chemdbsoft.com)
Dynamin1
  • The large GTPase dynamin is then involved in pinching off the coated pit to form a clathrin-coated vesicle. (wormbook.org)
Actin assembly2
  • We hypothesized that Hip1R might also coordinate actin assembly with clathrin budding at the trans-Golgi network (TGN). (rupress.org)
  • Actin assembly must be properly regulated for normal hearing, control of blood pressure, and to prevent cancer phenotypes like loss of adhesion control and metastatic invasion. (grantome.com)
Mechanisms2
  • Although MSC EVs show great promise for regenerative medicine applications, insights into their uptake mechanisms by different target cells and the ability to control MSC EV properties for defined function in vivo have remained elusive knowledge gaps. (frontiersin.org)
  • By understanding Wnt dissemination mechanisms, we will be able to control Wnt signalling in development, and regeneration. (exeter.ac.uk)
CCVs1
  • Differentiation: clathrin surrounding the vesicle may be misinterpreted as viral spikes, however, CCVs are free in the cell cytoplasm, and clathrin is in direct contact with the cytoplasm. (cdc.gov)
Receptors1
  • Other receptors can nucleate a clathrin-coated pit allowing formation around the receptor. (wikipedia.org)
Epithelial cells2
  • We isolated four categories of cells from mammary epithelium of female calves: bromodeoxyuridine label retaining epithelial cells (LREC) from basal (LRECb) and embedded layers (LRECe), and epithelial control cells from basal and embedded layers. (frontiersin.org)
  • Clathrin adaptor AP1B controls adenovirus infectivity of epithelial cells. (cornell.edu)
Regulates2
  • We show that WDFY2 regulates exocytosis of MT1-MMP by controlling endosomal sorting of the v-SNARE VAMP3. (nature.com)
  • Clathrin light chain diversity regulates membrane deformation in vitro and synaptic vesicle formation in vivo. (academictree.org)
Pits10
  • Total internal reflection fluorescence microscopy experiments revealed that USMB treatment altered the assembly of clathrin-coated pits, the basic structural units of CME. (plos.org)
  • Clathrin-coated pits form little indentations inwards on the surface of cells that fold in on themselves and internalize these molecules. (eurekalert.org)
  • They found PTEN played a role in the dynamics of clathrin-coated pits. (eurekalert.org)
  • The clathrin-coated pits that don't live longer than 20 seconds have historically been thought to be non-important. (eurekalert.org)
  • This study finds that the short-lived clathrin-coated pits are used to help control the signals that enter the cell. (eurekalert.org)
  • Additionally, PTEN alters the signaling of the clathrin-coated pits that make cancer more aggressive. (eurekalert.org)
  • Our work provides evidence that challenges the current paradigm that short-lived clathrin-coated pits are abortive structures, finding that instead they can be capable of driving signaling," says Liu, assistant professor of mechanical engineering and biomedical engineering at U-M. (eurekalert.org)
  • Specialized regions of the cell membrane composed of pits coated with a bristle covering made of the protein CLATHRIN. (lookformedical.com)
  • RME-2 contains a typical NPXY internalization motif in its intracellular domain that is known to direct other members of the LDL-receptor family into clathrin-coated pits. (wormbook.org)
  • Flat clathrin is present in all cells and spontaneously curves into coated pits without additional energy sources or recruited factors. (princeton.edu)
Caveolar1
  • We studied nanocarriers (NCs) targeted to the transferrin receptor (TfR), ganglioside GM1 or ICAM1, associated to the clathrin, caveolar or cell adhesion molecule (CAM) routes, respectively. (ibecbarcelona.eu)
Synaptic1
  • Clathrin coat controls synaptic vesicle acidification by blocking vacuolar ATPase activity. (mpg.de)
Complexes1
  • Complexes of Vps34, the sole class III PI3K member, produce PI 3-phosphate (PI(3)P) in the endolysosomal system and during autophagy to regulate vesicle-mediated sorting en route to lysosomes 1 . (nature.com)
Mechanism1
  • The adaptor protein GULP promotes Jedi-1-mediated phagocytosis through a clathrin-dependent mechanism. (academictree.org)
Pathway2
  • is the clathrin-coated pit pathway ( Figure 2 ). (wormbook.org)
  • CHC22 clathrin mediates traffic from early secretory compartments for human GLUT4 pathway biogenesis. (academictree.org)
Coat1
Endosomal2
  • It is largely unknown how endosomal sorting and recycling of MT1-MMP are controlled. (nature.com)
  • Here, we show that the endosomal protein WDFY2 controls the recycling of MT1-MMP. (nature.com)
Centers for Diseas3
  • Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (cdc.gov)
  • The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) cannot attest to the accuracy of a non-federal website. (cdc.gov)
  • The conclusions, findings, and opinions expressed by authors contributing to this journal do not necessarily reflect the official position of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, the Public Health Service, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, or the authors' affiliated institutions. (cdc.gov)
Internalization1
  • Using fluorescent or EM visible dyes to tag specific molecules in living cells, it is possible to follow the internalization of cargo molecules and the evolution of a clathrin-coated pit by fluorescence microscopy and immuno electron microscopy. (wikipedia.org)
Impacts1
Lattice1
Trans-Golgi n1
Cargo1
Processes2
  • Thus yolk uptake provides a genetically tractable system for the study of clathrin and Rab dependent transport processes. (wormbook.org)
  • Control of diverse subcellular processes by a single multi-functional lipid phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate [PI(4,5)P2]. (ncbs.res.in)
Cells3
  • Instead, we used laser microdissection to excise putative progenitor cells and control cells from their in situ locations in cryosections and characterized the molecular properties of these cells. (frontiersin.org)
  • We used brain endothelial cells and mouse models of acid sphingomyelinase-deficient Niemann Pick disease (NPD), and postmortem LSD patients' brains, all compared to respective controls. (ibecbarcelona.eu)
  • Reduced TfR and clathrin expression were found, along with decreased transcytosis in cells and mouse brain distribution. (ibecbarcelona.eu)
Regulation1
  • CHC22 and CHC17 clathrins have distinct biochemical properties and display differential regulation and function. (academictree.org)
Membrane lipid1
  • Using in vitro reconstitution systems, quantitative proteomics, and lipidomics, as well as in vivo cell-based assays, we characterize the protein networks controlling membrane lipid composition, membrane shape, and carrier scission. (researcher-app.com)
Cell2
  • In most of the cell assays, the two welding fume control particles generated a greater response compared to the PMET720 particles. (cdc.gov)
  • We show that clathrin sites maintain a constant surface area during curvature across multiple cell lines. (princeton.edu)
Signals3
  • From 24 to 30°C, stimulus-evoked, relative presynaptic Ca 2+ signals were increasingly larger in csp mutant boutons than in controls. (jneurosci.org)
  • Above 30°C, Ca 2+ signals declined and were similar to controls at 34°C. A prolonged decay of Ca 2+ signals in mutant boutons at high temperatures indicated abnormally slow Ca 2+ clearance. (jneurosci.org)
  • Cytosolic Ca 2+ at rest was determined with the ratiometric Ca 2+ indicator fura-2 AM and was similar in mutant and control boutons at 24°C but higher in mutant boutons at 34°C. Despite larger Ca 2+ signals in mutant boutons, evoked neurotransmitter release was always reduced in csp mutants and exhibited pronounced facilitation. (jneurosci.org)
Formation1
  • Après des études de médecine à l'Université de Genève et une formation clinique en pathologie, médecine interne et maladies infectieuses à Genève et au Massachusetts General Hospital de Boston, Didier Trono s'engage dans une carrière scientifique au Whitehead Institute du MIT. (epfl.ch)
Process2
  • The short-oligonucleotide-based Affymetrix GeneChip ® arrays utilize multiple probes for each gene with an automated control for the experimental process from hybridization to quantification and thus provide reliable and comparable data [ 2 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • GO Annotations consist of four mandatory components: a gene product, a term from one of the three Gene Ontology (GO) controlled vocabularies (Molecular Function, Biological Process, and Cellular Component), a reference, and an evidence code. (yeastgenome.org)
Light chain1
Form1
Transport1
  • Our research will open up new strategies to control Wnt signalling by altering its transport route in the tumour microenvironment. (exeter.ac.uk)