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Chlamydia trachomatisChlamydia InfectionsChlamydiaLymphogranuloma VenereumFemale Urogenital DiseasesGenital Diseases, FemaleMale Urogenital DiseasesUterine CervicitisGonorrheaCervix UteriTrachomaChlamydophila psittaciPelvic Inflammatory DiseaseUrethraChlamydia muridarumSalpingitisUrethritisSexually Transmitted Diseases, BacterialNeisseria gonorrhoeaeAntibodies, BacterialUterine Cervical DiseasesBacterial Outer Membrane ProteinsFluorescent Antibody Technique, DirectUrineConjunctivitis, InclusionInclusion BodiesNucleic Acid Amplification TechniquesUrethral DiseasesPorinsLigase Chain ReactionSpecimen HandlingPolymerase Chain ReactionAzithromycinBacteriological TechniquesDNA, BacterialVaginal DiseasesArthritis, ReactiveReagent Kits, DiagnosticReproductive Tract InfectionsMycoplasma genitaliumGenital Diseases, MaleSexually Transmitted DiseasesSensitivity and SpecificityUrogenital SystemAntigens, BacterialPsittacosisGenitalia, FemaleDoxycyclineHeLa CellsVaginaChlamydophila InfectionsFallopian Tube DiseasesInfertility, FemalePrevalenceFallopian TubesProctitisMycoplasma InfectionsUreaplasmaTrichomonas vaginalisMass ScreeningConjunctivitisChaperonin 60Evaluation Studies as TopicChlamydiaceae InfectionsBacterial ProteinsChlamydophila pneumoniaeConjunctivaVaginal SmearsPregnancy Complications, InfectiousChlamydiaceaeTrichomonas InfectionsMolecular Sequence DataImmunoenzyme TechniquesTrichomonas VaginitisConjunctivitis, BacterialAnti-Bacterial AgentsSexual BehaviorImmunoglobulin GDEAE-DextranMycoplasma hominisFluorescent Antibody TechniqueMycoplasmatales InfectionsContact TracingBacterial VaccinesGenitaliaLeukorrheaSerotypingProstitutionRectal DiseasesPharyngeal DiseasesImmunoglobulin AOphthalmia NeonatorumPregnancy, EctopicBase SequenceVaginal DischargeEpididymitisGambiaPregnancyBacteriuriaUreaplasma urealyticum
TrachomaCaused by the bacteriumBacteriumObligateInfectionPrevalenceInfectionsSerotypesIntracellular bacteriaOcularPsittaciBacteriaPannusInflammationClinicalPathogenConjunctivaEpitheliumDiagnosisMembraneEyelidDiseaseBacterialSymptomsDoxycyclineSexually activeRarelyTreatmentHealthSexualTestsRiskDirect
Trachoma15
  • C. abortus primarily infects ruminants and pigs and has never been identified in populations where trachoma is endemic. (cdc.gov)
  • Baseline mapping in the two major population centers of Kiribati showed that trachoma was a public health problem in need of programmatic interventions. (cdc.gov)
  • Repeated episodes of reinfection within the family cause chronic follicular or intense conjunctival inflammation (active trachoma), which leads to tarsal conjunctival scarring. (medscape.com)
  • The species C trachomatis causes trachoma and also genital infections (serovars D-K) and lymphogranuloma venereum (serovars L1-L3). (medscape.com)
  • Serovars D-K occasionally cause a subacute follicular conjunctivitis that may be clinically indistinguishable from trachoma, including follicular conjunctivitis with pannus, but rarely conjunctival scarring. (medscape.com)
  • Trachoma is a chronic conjunctivitis caused by Chlamydia trachomatis and is characterized by progressive exacerbations and remissions. (msdmanuals.com)
  • The causative organism is Chlamydia trachomatis (serotypes A, B, Ba, and C). In the United States, trachoma is rare, occurring occasionally among American Indians and immigrants. (msdmanuals.com)
  • In the early stage, minute basophilic cytoplasmic inclusion bodies within conjunctival epithelial cells in Giemsa-stained conjunctival scrapings differentiate trachoma from nonchlamydial conjunctivitis. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Trachoma - A chronic inflammatory eye disease due to infection with a bacterium called Chlamydia trachomatis. (en-academic.com)
  • C trachomatis , which is almost exclusively a human pathogen, includes the agents of classic trachoma (ie, serotypes A, B, Ba, C). It also includes the agents of inclusion conjunctivitis or paratrachoma (ie, serotypes D-K). The latter organisms infect the epithelium of mucoid surfaces and were once identified as the trachoma-inclusion conjunctivitis agents (TRIC). (medscape.com)
  • David Mabey became interested in trachoma, caused by ocular infection with Chlamydia trachomatis , and in genital C. trachomatis infection, while working in the Gambia. (lshtm.ac.uk)
  • 2002 by the WHO suggest that nearly 84 information was available on the clinical re- million active trachoma cases need antibiot- sponse to this regimen among the Omani ic treatment, 7.6 million trichiasis cases population. (who.int)
  • It was population prevalence of active trachoma hoped that the findings of the study would across all ages was 2.2% and that 1% of enable a review of the trachoma control in- the population was suffering from tra- itiatives in Oman. (who.int)
  • Trachoma is a chronic infectious conjunctival keratitis caused by Chlamydia trachomatis, which is named because of the rough and uneven appearance of the lid conjunctiva, resembling sand grains. (fastprintco.com)
  • Although trachoma is an eye disease caused by Chlamydia, most are also associated with poor hygiene. (fastprintco.com)
Caused by the bacterium1
  • This image reveals a close view of a patient's left eye with the upper lid retracted in order to reveal the inflamed conjunctival membrane lining the inside of both the upper and lower lids, due to what was determined to be a case of inclusion conjunctivitis, a type of conjunctival inflammation caused by the bacterium, Chlamydia trachomatis. (medscape.com)
Bacterium2
Obligate2
  • Chlamydiae are gram-negative, obligate intracellular bacteria. (medscape.com)
  • Chlamydiae are obligate intracellular organisms from bacteria that now comprise 3 species. (medscape.com)
Infection10
  • Pooled prevalence of current urogenital infection was 1.0% (95% CI: 0.7-1.2%) among general populations, 3.2% (95% CI: 1.8-4.8%) among female sex workers, 4.9% (95% CI: 4.2-5.6%) among sexually transmitted infection clinic attendees and 12.1% (95% CI: 8.8-15.8%) among symptomatic men. (bvsalud.org)
  • People who wear contact lenses and those whose infection is caused by gonorrhea or chlamydia should be treated. (wikipedia.org)
  • During an outbreak of dengue virus-type 2 (DENV-2) in 2016-2018, we conducted household-based cluster investigations to identify population-specific risk factors associated with infection and performed entomologic surveillance to determine the relative abundance of Ae. (cdc.gov)
  • A conjunctival infection of newborns (inclusion conjunctivitis) is caused by a similar disease agent found in the birth canal of the mother. (en-academic.com)
  • Most of his field work has been done in The Gambia and Tanzania and, in addition to clinical and epidemiological studies, he has been involved in research on the pathogenesis of and immune response to C. trachomatis infection. (lshtm.ac.uk)
  • It is often caused by an untreated STD infection, such as chlamydia, which moves upwards from the vagina/cervix into the reproductive organs. (genetrack.ca)
  • Untreated chlamydia during pregnancy is associated with a 50-70% risk of passing the infection to the newborn during childbirth. (genetrack.ca)
  • Conjunctival Chlamydia trachomatis infection load in Gambian villages. (lshtm.ac.uk)
  • Differences in somatometric measurements and clinical variables in newborns with respiratory distress and infection between different Chlamydia trachomatis genotypes. (analesdepediatria.org)
  • We tested 1062 bronchial lavage samples from neonates with respiratory distress syndrome for Chlamydia infection. (analesdepediatria.org)
Prevalence3
  • BACKGROUND: We explored reasons for continuing higher-than-anticipated prevalence of trachomatous trichiasis (TT) unknown to the health system in population-based prevalence surveys in evaluation units where full geographical coverage of TT case finding was reported. (bvsalud.org)
  • Those guidelines highlighted the prevalence and morbidity of chlamydial infections and stressed the need to include antibiotics effective against chlamydia when treating patients for urethritis, mucopurulent cervicitis, and pelvic inflammatory disease. (cdc.gov)
  • It is differentiated from prevalence, which refers to all cases in the population at a given time. (lecturio.com)
Infections6
  • Plaque assays have been used to clonally segregate laboratory-adapted C. trachomatis strains from mixed infections, but no assays have been reported to segregate clones from recent clinical samples. (cdc.gov)
  • In 1985, CDC published Policy Guidelines for Prevention and Control of Chlamydia trachomatis infections (1). (cdc.gov)
  • Because chlamydial infections are common among adolescents and young adults throughout the United States, health-care providers and other agencies serving these groups should become more involved if a sufficiently large proportion of the chlamydia-infected population is to be reached. (cdc.gov)
  • Chlamydia trachomatis infections are common in sexually active adolescents and young adults in the United States (CDC, unpublished review). (cdc.gov)
  • Chlamydia infections of the rectum may lead to proctitis, rectal pain, discharge and/or bleeding (2). (genetrack.ca)
  • One hundred thirty million Chlamydia trachomatis infections are reported worldwide each year. (analesdepediatria.org)
Serotypes1
Intracellular bacteria1
  • The obligatory intracellular bacteria, Chlamydia psittaci and Chlamydia pecorum , are globally widespread veterinary pathogens that cause disease in an astonishing range of hosts. (peerj.com)
Ocular1
Psittaci2
Bacteria1
Pannus4
  • If ≥ 20% of 10-14-year-olds have both any conjunctival scarring (C1 or C2 or C3) and corneal pannus and/or Herbert's pits, MDA should be continued. (bvsalud.org)
  • Equally, if ≥ 5% of that group have both moderate/severe conjunctival scarring (C2 or C3) and corneal pannus and/or Herbert's pits, MDA should be continued. (bvsalud.org)
  • Every child aged 10-14 years in those villages was eligible to be examined for clinical signs of corneal pannus, Herbert's pits and conjunctival scarring. (bvsalud.org)
  • Lymphoid follicles on the tarsal plate or along the corneal limbus, linear conjunctival scarring, and corneal pannus are considered diagnostic in the appropriate clinical setting. (msdmanuals.com)
Inflammation2
  • Recurrent conjunctival reinfection causes the prolonged inflammation that leads to conjunctival scarring. (medscape.com)
  • Inflammation associated with chlamydia increases the risk of ectopic pregnancy, which is when the fertilized egg implants and grows outside the main cavity of the uterus (14). (genetrack.ca)
Clinical2
  • Although a few studies have described methods for segregating clones of laboratory-adapted C. trachomatis clinical and reference strains ( 12 , 15 , 16 ), none has clonally purified all 19 C. trachomatis reference strains nor determined optimal methods to clonally segregate clinically mixed samples. (cdc.gov)
  • Association between Chlamydia trachomatis genotypes and clinical features of the newborn. (analesdepediatria.org)
Pathogen2
  • Chlamydia trachomatis is a ubiquitous human pathogen that is responsible for the most prevalent bacterial sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) worldwide ( 1 ). (cdc.gov)
  • Chlamydia trachomatis is the most common sexually transmitted pathogen in adults, which at delivery may be transmitted from mother to child and cause conjunctivitis and pneumonia. (qxmd.com)
Conjunctiva2
  • Overview of Conjunctival and Scleral Disorders The conjunctiva lines the back of the eyelids (palpebral or tarsal conjunctiva), crosses the space between the lid and the globe (forniceal conjunctiva), then folds back on itself as it spreads. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Conjunctival suffusion (red conjunctiva ) together with jaundice is a specific feature of leptospirosis. (mdwiki.org)
Epithelium1
  • Scarring is associated with atrophy of the conjunctival epithelium, loss of goblet cells, and replacement of the normal, loose, vascular subepithelial stroma with thick compact bands of type IV and type V collagen. (medscape.com)
Diagnosis5
  • Until recently, chlamydia prevention and patient care were impeded by the lack of suitable laboratory tests for screening and diagnosis. (cdc.gov)
  • Laboratory diagnosis was based on bacterial culture and polymerase chain reaction for C. trachomatis. (qxmd.com)
  • Before microbiological diagnosis, general practitioners prescribed antichlamydial antibiotics locally to 5 (12%) of 41 and systemically to 4 (10%) of 41 infants who tested positive for chlamydia, and ophthalmologists prescribed to 21 (51%) of 41 and 7 (17%) of 41, respectively. (qxmd.com)
  • hence why prompt diagnosis and treatment of chlamydia is very important. (genetrack.ca)
  • The diagnosis of Chlamydia was made by plasmid detection with an in-house PCR assay, and genotypes were identified using a PCR-RFLP assay for the ompA gene. (analesdepediatria.org)
Membrane1
  • 1. Katircioglu YA, Altiparmak U, Engur Goktas S, Cakir B, Singar E, Ornek F. Comparison of Two Techniques for the Treatment of Recurrent Pterygium: Amniotic Membrane vs Conjunctival Autograft Combined with Mitomycin C. (draltiparmak.com)
Eyelid1
  • citation needed] Bacterial conjunctivitis causes the rapid onset of conjunctival redness, swelling of the eyelid, and a sticky discharge. (wikipedia.org)
Disease3
  • The contribution of C. trachomatis to neonatal ophthalmic disease has not been studied in The Netherlands and remains unclear. (qxmd.com)
  • Worldwide annual incidence Incidence The number of new cases of a given disease during a given period in a specified population. (lecturio.com)
  • Higher incidence Incidence The number of new cases of a given disease during a given period in a specified population. (lecturio.com)
Bacterial2
Symptoms1
  • Mucopurulent discharge was present in 35 (95%) of 37, swelling of the eyes in 27 (73%) of 37, conjunctival erythema in 24 (65%) of 37, respiratory symptoms in 14 (38%) of 37, and feeding problems in 5 (14%) of 37 infants respectively. (qxmd.com)
Doxycycline1
Sexually active1
  • Usually, this condition is observed in the young sexually active population. (medscape.com)
Rarely1
  • The most characteristic feature of leptospirosis is the conjunctival suffusion ( conjunctivitis without exudate ) which is rarely found in other febrile illnesses. (mdwiki.org)
Treatment2
  • Many infants who tested positive for chlamydia did not receive appropriate antibiotic treatment. (qxmd.com)
  • Changes in conjunctival cytology and tear function tests with radioiodine treatment for hyperthyroidism. (draltiparmak.com)
Health2
  • Such an effort is now possible because of a) expanding educational efforts stimulated by the epidemic of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome and other sexually transmitted diseases, and b) the availability of chlamydia tests that are easy to use, economical, and accurate, thereby allowing health-care providers to diagnose and treat infected persons and their sex partners. (cdc.gov)
  • Others could also be involved at the public coverage degree and work to facilitate packages that encourage better health for these populations. (fastprintco.com)
Sexual1
  • Chlamydia is transmitted through sexual contact with the penis, vagina, mouth, or anus of an infected individual. (genetrack.ca)
Tests1
  • C. trachomatis can be isolated in culture or identified by nucleic acid amplification tests (NAAT) and immunofluorescence techniques, and testing should be done when it is readily available. (msdmanuals.com)
Risk1
  • Adolescents and young adults are at substantial risk of becoming infected with chlamydia. (cdc.gov)
Direct1
  • C trachomatis can be spread by either direct contact with an infected person's eyes or nose or indirect contact, such as via contact with clothing or flies that have come into contact with an infected person's eyes or nose. (medscape.com)