Congenic mouse strains associate genes. Medical search. Frequent questions

Susceptible C3H/HeJ were outcrossed to partially resistant C57BL/6J mice. (jax.org)
Background: D2.B10-Dmdmdx/J (DBA/2-congenic-D2-mdx) is a newer mouse strain developed at Jackson labs by backcrossing C57BL/10ScSn-Dmdmdx/J mice onto the DBA/2J background. (mdaconference.org)
To uncover the genetic basis for lower immobility time, we first performed quantitative trait locus (QTL) mapping using CS and C57BL/6J mice, which revealed significant QTLs on chromosomes (Chrs) 4 (FST) and 5 (TST and FST). (fujita-hu.ac.jp)
For example, C57BL/6J-Chr 4 A /NaJ is a consomic strain in which the Chromosome 4 from the A/J strain has been placed on a C57BL/6J background. (findmice.org)
Transgenic, knock-out, congenic and inbread strains are known for C57BL/6, A/J, BALB/c, SCID while the CD-1 is outbred as strain. (m-csf.com)
The p16-3MR mouse model was created and backcrossed to C57BL/6J ( 000664 ) using a "speed congenic" approach. (jax.org)
In this study we have increased the density of microsatellite markers 2- to 5-fold in each of several major RI sets that share C57BL/6 as a parental strain (AXB, BXA, BXD, BXH, and CXB). (nervenet.org)
Infection of susceptible C57BL/6 mice with an attenuated strain of Typhimurium elicits robust CD4 T cell responses that contribute to bacterial clearance (20, 23, 24). (monossabios.com)
Previous work has shown that different mouse strains eliminate Typhiumurium at vastly different rates, with C57BL/6 mice among the slowest to eradicate bacteria (27). (monossabios.com)
On the basis of these historical data, we hypothesized that the I-Ab molecule Graveoline was particularly poor Graveoline at initiating protective CD4 T cell responses and that stronger protective CD4 T cell responses would develop in C57BL/6 mice expressing other MHC haplotypes. (monossabios.com)
C57BL/6 mouse splenocytes were stained with CD45R (B220) Monoclonal Antibody, FITC (Product # 11-0452-82) and 0.25 µg of Rat IgG2b kappa Isotype Control, Super Bright 600 (Product # 63-4031-82) (left) or 0.25 µg of CD3 Monoclonal Antibody, Super Bright 600 (right). (thermofisher.com)

We used recombinant congenic mouse strains to map asthma susceptibility genes on mouse chromosome 17. (rug.nl)
Genetic mapping of the loci controlling the class I and class II antigens of the mouse showed them to be part of a cluster, which Klein mapped to the chromosome 17 and for which he championed the name major histocompatibility locus, Mhc. (wikipedia.org)
Currently, I seek to understand the molecular basis of an obesity susceptibility gene on mouse chromosome 6, named tabw2, derived from the TALLYHO (TH) mouse model for polygenic Type 2 diabetes and obesity. (marshall.edu)
I also seek to understand the molecular basis of a diabetes susceptibility gene on mouse chromosome 4, tanidd4, and an obesity susceptibility gene on mouse chromosome 1, tabw3, derived both from the TH mice. (marshall.edu)
This gene was found through its close linkage with the Ah locus on chromosome 17. (elsevierpure.com)
As CXXC1 is orthologous to Saccharomyces cerevisiae Spp1 that links DSB sites to the DSB machinery on the chromosome axis, we propose that these molecular interactions involved in the regulation of meiotic DSB formation are conserved in mouse meiosis. (springer.com)
A chromosome consists of a long, continuous strand of DNA and associated proteins. (findmice.org)
An inbred strain that contains a single entire chromosome from another strain. (findmice.org)
Deletions can be very large, encompassing many genes and megabases of DNA, to the point of producing a visible cytological abnormality in a chromosome. (findmice.org)
Duplications can lead to an increase in the number of genes carried on a chromosome and may or may not be cytologically visible. (findmice.org)
Genetic variants in the orthologous region encompassing SLC11A1 in human chromosome 2q35 have been reported to be associated with various immune-related diseases including T1D. (biomedcentral.com)
Slc11a1 is encoded in the Idd5.2 region on mouse chromosome 1. (biomedcentral.com)
The gene is located in an approximately 400 kb region of high linkage disequilibrium (LD) on chromosome 2q35. (biomedcentral.com)
These rats are then inbred to produce a stable inbred consomic strain with the substitution of one entire chromosome from the BN strain into the background of the SS strain. (comprehensivephysiology.com)
Example of reduced blood pressure salt sensitivity resulting from substitution of chromosome 13 from the BN into the SS/Mcwi strain (SS‐13 BN consomic rat). (comprehensivephysiology.com)
Conversely, substitution of chromosome 18 from SS to the BN strain (BN‐18 SS ) resulted in a relatively small increase in MAP in response to the high‐salt diet. (comprehensivephysiology.com)
The UGT1 family constitutes a complex gene locus on human chromosome 2q37 and comprises 13 first exons that encode the unique N-terminal domains of the UGT1A proteins and exons 2 to 5 that encode the C-terminal domain, which is identical in all UGT1A family members ( Owens and Ritter, 1992 ). (aspetjournals.org)
The UGT2 family, in contrast, is encoded by separate genes clustered on chromosome 4q13 and consists of the UGT2A and UGT2B subfamilies. (aspetjournals.org)

The diabetogenic and obesigenic effects of TH alleles at these loci have been confirmed by the congenic mice strategy. (marshall.edu)
The expression of genes upstream of the IGS and influenced by lupus-associated risk alleles was also examined. (bvsalud.org)
Reduced DSS susceptibility was observed in congenic stocks in which the highly susceptible NOD/Lt strain carried putative resistance alleles from either B6 on Chr 2 or from the highly resistant NON/Lt strain on Chr 9. (jax.org)
2009 ). Strikingly, two congenic mouse strains in which the Prdm9 alleles have different zinc finger arrays show completely distinct sets of hotspots (Brick et al. (springer.com)
For example, one of the alleles of the Kit gene is named "viable dominant spotting," with the symbol Kit W-v . (findmice.org)
MHC alleles themselves are influential in determining how quickly congenic mice can eradicate infection (27). (monossabios.com)
Mice possessing variant H-2 molecules at the class I and class II alleles, as well as congenic control strains, were infected intravenously with 5? (monossabios.com)

Based upon the literature, in silico SNP analysis and expression profiling, we were able to identify candidate genes in 2 of these loci: Pla2g7 in lmr1A and Apobec-2 in lmr1B. (rug.nl)
For the H2 locus different candidate genes remain. (rug.nl)
Possible Dssc candidate genes are discussed in terms of current knowledge of inflammatory bowel disease susceptibility loci in humans. (jax.org)
Quantitative Trait Loci and Candidate Genes for Neutrophil Recruitment in Sterile Inflammation Mapped in AXB-BXA Recombinant Inbred Mice. (genenetwork.org)

We then started to map asthma susceptibility in the Lmr series of recombinant congenic and subcongenic strains. (rug.nl)
To identify the quantitative trait gene on Chr 5, we narrowed the QTL interval to 0.5 Mb using several congenic and subcongenic strains. (fujita-hu.ac.jp)

Alam G, Miller DB, O'Callaghan JP, Lu L, Williams RW, Jones BC 2016 MPTP neurotoxicity is highly concordant between the sexes among BXD recombinant inbred mouse strains. (genenetwork.org)

Mastrianni JA , Capellari S , Telling GC , Han D , Bosque P , Prusiner SB , Inherited prion disease caused by the V210I mutation: transmission to transgenic mice. (cdc.gov)
Chiesa R , Drisaldi B , Quaglio E , Migheli A , Piccardo P , Ghetti B , Accumulation of protease-resistant prion protein (PrP) and apoptosis of cerebellar granule cells in transgenic mice expressing a PrP insertional mutation. (cdc.gov)
Castilla J , Gutierrez-Adan A , Brun A , Pintado B , Salguero FJ , Parra B , Transgenic mice expressing bovine PrP with a four extra repeat octapeptide insert mutation show a spontaneous, non-transmissible, neurodegenerative disease and an expedited course of BSE infection. (cdc.gov)
Spontaneous neurodegeneration in transgenic mice with mutant prion protein. (cdc.gov)
All these phenotypes were rescued in transgenic mice with bacterial artificial chromosomes containing wild-type Usp46. (fujita-hu.ac.jp)
Here, using K18-hACE2 transgenic mice that were originally developed for SARS studies 4 , we show that infection with SARS-CoV-2 causes severe disease in the lung and, in some mice, the brain. (nature.com)

Machine learning (ML) has the potential to identify subsets of patients with distinct phenotypes from gene expression data. (bvsalud.org)
CS mice exhibit several distinct phenotypes of circadian behavioral rhythms and sleep properties. (fujita-hu.ac.jp)
Because many mental illnesses are associated with abnormalities in the circadian rhythms and sleep pattern, we characterized the behavioral phenotypes in CS mice with a battery of behavioral tests. (fujita-hu.ac.jp)
Among these phenotypes, we found that CS mice exhibit an extremely low immobility time in both the tail suspension test (TST) and forced swimming test (FST). (fujita-hu.ac.jp)
2005. Deficiency of Type I interferon contributes to Sle2-associated component lupus phenotypes. (uh.edu)
Nature Communications 7:10464 [Best reference on the BXD family of strains and the wide range of phenotypes that have been generated over the past 40 years. (genenetwork.org)
Harenza JL, Muldoon PP, De Biasi M, Damaj MI, Miles MF (2014) Genetic variation within the Chrna7 gene modulates nicotine reward-like phenotypes in mice. (genenetwork.org)

95% of their genome with B6 controls to ask if differences in microbiota between could synergize with lupus susceptibility genes to modulate autoimmune pathology. (acrabstracts.org)
Co-housing TC and B6 mice revealed significant interactions between susceptibility genes and microbiota. (acrabstracts.org)

PR domain-containing protein 9 (PRDM9) is a major regulator of the localization of meiotic recombination hotspots in the human and mouse genomes. (springer.com)
Book Chapter in Genes, Genomes and Genomics. (uh.edu)
1. (B) Schematic representation of the SS and SS.BN3 genomes that were modified by TALEN‐mediated editing of the IL2Rγ gene. (comprehensivephysiology.com)
Genomes of individuals strains typically incorporate 45-55 recombinations between parental chromosomes. (nervenet.org)

Physiological and biochemical characterizations of diabetes and obesity mediated by these loci are also ongoing using the congenic mouse strains. (marshall.edu)
Susceptibility to diabetes in humans and nonobese diabetic (NOD) mice is believed to arise from the combined effect of multiple genetic loci, resulting in immune-mediated destruction of the insulin-secreting beta-cells. (ox.ac.uk)
Increased T1D disease risk from IL-2 pathway loci in the TwinsUK cohort of human subjects resulted in some similar microbiota changes to those observed in the NOD mouse. (biomedcentral.com)
In other autoimmune diseases such as Crohn's disease, specific genetic loci associated with disease susceptibility have been shown to influence the gut environment and lead to shifts in the resident microbial populations [ 11 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Linkage and congenic strain analyses using the nonobese diabetic (NOD) mouse as a model for human type 1 autoimmune diabetes (T1D) have identified several NOD mouse Idd (insulin dependent diabetes) loci, including Slc11a1 (formerly known as Nramp1 ). (biomedcentral.com)
The nonobese diabetic (NOD) mouse develops autoimmune insulin-dependent diabetes spontaneously, which resembles human T1D, and has been widely used to study and map non-MHC T1D loci. (biomedcentral.com)
The final consensus maps are based on 1578 microsatellite loci and these maps have a cumulative length of approximately 1400 cM after adjustment for recombination frequencies of RI strains. (nervenet.org)
Recombinant inbred (RI) strains have been used to map a wide range of Mendelian loci and quantitative traits (Taylor, 1989). (nervenet.org)

Support for barrier deficiency initiating AD came from flaky tail mice, which have a frameshift mutation in Flg and also carry an unknown gene, matted, causing a matted hair phenotype. (elsevierpure.com)
RESULTS: The matted phenotype in flaky tail mice is due to a mutation in the Tmem79/Matt gene, with no expression of the encoded protein mattrin in the skin of mutant mice. (elsevierpure.com)
A coisogenic strain arises when a mutation occurs in an inbred strain. (findmice.org)
If you have a mutation that you would like to transfer to a different genetic background, JAX offers both a comprehensive Speed Congenic Service as well as a Genome Scanning Service to assist you with backcrossing your mice at your facility. (jax.org)

Genes and Immunity 3: S13-S20. (uh.edu)
Brown, the deputy director of the T cell Therapeutic Research Laboratory at Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, and her colleagues analyzed the role of the endogenous immune system in productive CAR T-cell responses and if CAR T cells can promote endogenous immunity in mouse models of glioblastoma treated with CAR T-cell therapy. (targetedonc.com)
The cured mice exhibited host antitumor immunity and rejected antigen negative tumors after CAR T-cell therapy, which suggested the investigators were inducing new CAR T-cell responses or tumor reactivity. (targetedonc.com)
However, our previous study in mice showed that linked nonimmunogenic Ags (OVA and GFP) containing immunodominant peptides mount immunity irrespective of the MHC-matched allogeneic cell's immunogenicity. (aai.org)
Consequently, we further explored 1) under what circumstances does the congenic marker CD45.1 provoke immunity in CD45.2 mice, and 2) whether linking two dominant or subdominant Ags can instigate an immune response. (aai.org)
Surprisingly, our results show that, although CD4 T cells contribute to anti-immunity in different MHC congenic strains, CD8 T cells are essential to the enhanced protection evident in comparisons between strains. (monossabios.com)
Mice with natural immunity against MmuPV1 after colonization and acquired immunity through the transfer of T cells from immune mice or by MmuPV1 vaccination were protected against skin carcinogenesis induced by chemicals or by ultraviolet radiation in a manner dependent on CD8 + T cells. (nature.com)
In rodent models exposure to inorganic and organic mercury has a range of immunotoxic effects, functionally associated with decreased cell-mediated immunity and the induction of autoimmunity [ 4 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

Through the analysis of five separate colonies of T1D susceptible NOD mice, we identified similarities in NOD microbiome that were independent of animal facility. (biomedcentral.com)
In the inbred non-obese diabetic (NOD) mouse model of T1D, susceptible NOD mice were shown to harbor a distinct gut microbiota to a variety of T1D-protected inbred strains [ 8 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Some laboratories choose to infect resistant mouse strains, while others predominantly use susceptible mouse strains that lack the protective SLC11A1 gene (22). (monossabios.com)
Mice, which are susceptible to SARS-CoV, are resistant to infection with SARS-CoV-2 because of incompatibilities between mouse ACE2 and the viral spike protein. (nature.com)
Highly susceptible mouse strains such as SJL/N, A.SW, B10.S (H-2 s ) develop multiple autoimmune manifestations after exposure to inorganic mercury, including lymphoproliferation, elevated levels of autoantibodies, overproduction of IgG and IgE, and circulating immune complexes in kidney and vasculature. (biomedcentral.com)

However, research using various mouse strains of spontaneous and inducible lupus in the last two decades has provided insights into the role of the immune system in the pathogenesis of this disease. (biomedcentral.com)
Here, we will review the present understanding - as garnered from studying mouse models - about the roles of various immune cells in lupus pathogenesis. (biomedcentral.com)
Overall, our results show that a dysregulated gut microbiota amplifies lupus pathogenesis in mice, and suggest that this is mediated at least in part by bacteria modifying Trp metabolism. (acrabstracts.org)
Choi SC, Brown J, Mohamadzadeh M, Croker B, Morel L. Gut Dysbiosis Contributes to Autoimmune Pathogenesis in Lupus-Prone Mice [abstract]. (acrabstracts.org)
1997). Functional dissection of SLE pathogenesis using congenic mouse strains. (uh.edu)
On the basis of these observations, we reasoned that SARS-CoV-2 infection of the K18-hACE2 mice might also show differences in pathogenesis. (nature.com)

These data indicate that IAA expression is a phenotype that is associated with insulitis and correlates with overall disease progression in some strains of congenic mice but not in others. (ox.ac.uk)
However, phenotype prediction using ML has often relied on identifying important genes without a systems biology context. (bvsalud.org)
Gene sets related to interferon, tumor necrosis factor, the mitoribosome, and T cell activation were the best predictors of phenotype with excellent performance. (bvsalud.org)
The phenotype of the L1 mutant mouse indicates that it is a potentially valuable model for the human CRASH syndrome. (jneurosci.org)

Recombinant congenic strains are series of strains which have inherited one or more chromosomal fragments from a donor strain and all other DNA from the background strain. (rug.nl)
Congenic strains are derived by backcrossing to a parental inbred strain for at least ten generations while selecting for retention of a specific locus from the donor strain. (findmice.org)
A male individual from the donor strain is first crossed to a female from the host strain. (comprehensivephysiology.com)
The genome of the final consomic strain is the same as that of the host strain, with the exception of the MSY from the donor strain. (comprehensivephysiology.com)

The causal genes, variants and haplotypes involved within many of these regions have yet to be identified. (biomedcentral.com)

The analyses confirm that the four groups of congenic mice tested are distinguishable on basis of the microbiology of their scent marks alone, strengthening the role of microorganisms in the development of MHC-dependent odours. (edu.au)
While AND-34 is widely expressed in wild type mice, histologic analysis of multiple organs in AND-34 −/− mice is unremarkable and analyses of lymphocyte development show no overt changes. (molvis.org)
Gene microarray analyses represent potentially effective means for high-throughput gene expression profiling in non-human primates. (gene-quantification.de)

Immunogenetics emerged in the 1930s as the study of genes controlling antigens (such as those of the various blood group systems) detected by antibodies. (wikipedia.org)
The class I genes were discovered in 1936 (the year Jan Klein was born) as coding for blood group (red blood cell) antigens, which, however, were also responsible for the rejection of incompatible grafts. (wikipedia.org)
Klein, with his coworker Vera Hauptfeld and his wife Dagmar Klein, were the first to describe the product of the class II genes and identify them as the molecules that control level of antibodies synthesized in response to foreign antigens. (wikipedia.org)
These findings demonstrate for the first time that type 1 diabetes-associated genetic variants that restore immune tolerance to islet antigens also result in functional changes in the gut immune system and resultant changes in the microbiota. (biomedcentral.com)

We have evaluated the expression of IAAs in NOD mice and in diabetes-resistant NOD congenic strains to characterize the association of autoantibody expression with insulitis and diabetes. (ox.ac.uk)
Previous efforts to characterize subsets of SLE patients based on gene expression analysis have not been reproduced because of small sample sizes or technical problems. (bvsalud.org)
The aim of this study was to develop a robust patient stratification system using gene expression profiling to characterize individual lupus patients. (bvsalud.org)
Here, we explored the expression of the interferon gene signatures (IGSs) in SLE patients of European ancestry (EA) and Asian ancestry (AsA). (bvsalud.org)
The muscimol-induced current in the hippocampal CA1 pyramidal neurons and hippocampal expression of the 67-kDa isoform of glutamic acid decarboxylase significantly decreased in Usp46 mutant mice. (fujita-hu.ac.jp)
Enhanced immune nephritis in DBA/1 mice is contingent upon IL-1 expression. (uh.edu)
Cell cycle gene expression networks discovered using systems biology: Significance in carcinogenesis. (genenetwork.org)
Here, we have conducted association analysis of this candidate gene region, and then investigated potential correlations between the most T1D-associated variant and RNA expression of the SLC11A1 gene and its splice isoform. (biomedcentral.com)
Upon identification of the most T1D-associated variant, we investigated the correlation between its genotype and SLC11A1 expression overall or with splice isoform ratio using 42 PAXgene whole blood samples from healthy donors by quantitative PCR (qPCR). (biomedcentral.com)
In this model, the senescence-sensitive promoter from the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 2A ( Cdkn2a ) gene, also known as p16 INK4a , drives expression of 3MR, a fusion protein that is composed of luciferase and red fluorescent protein (RFP) reporters and herpes simplex virus-1 thymidine kinase, which converts ganciclovir (GCV) into an apoptosis inducer. (jax.org)
Studies on rodent UGT genes have demonstrated that the transcription factors hepatocyte nuclear factor 1 (HNF1) and CAAT-enhancer binding protein are important positive regulators of UGT expression in the liver (Hansen et al. (aspetjournals.org)
The development of species-specific gene microarrays has greatly facilitated gene expression profiling in nonhuman primates. (gene-quantification.de)
Biological cycles have a major influence on gene expression, and at least 10% of the expressed genes are likely to show a 24-h expression pattern. (gene-quantification.de)
Consequently, the time of day when RNA samples are collected can influence detection of significant changes in gene expression levels. (gene-quantification.de)
Similarly, when photoperiodic species such as the rhesus macaque are housed outdoors, some of their genes show differential expression according to the time of year. (gene-quantification.de)
In addition, the sex-steroid environment of humans and many nonhuman primates changes markedly across the menstrual cycle, and so phase of the cycle needs to be considered when studying gene expression in adult females. (gene-quantification.de)
Gene expression profiling in the rhesus macaque: methodology, annotation and data interpretation. (gene-quantification.de)
It is also important to consider that quantitation and comparison of gene expression levels across multiple chips requires appropriate normalization. (gene-quantification.de)
External corroboration of microarray results using PCR-based methodology also requires validation of appropriate internal reference genes for normalizationod expression values. (gene-quantification.de)
The spectrum of renal pathology in HIV-positive individuals includes lesions directly related to intrarenal HIV gene expression and lesions related to comorbidities, drug effects, immune dysregulation, and co-infections. (medscape.com)

These strains show different intensities and types of asthmatic response, which indicates that this approach could successfully be used for asthma genetics. (rug.nl)
In Klein's conception, immunogenetics was to deal with what immunology and genetics have in common-a set of genes that control and effect immune responses of any kind. (wikipedia.org)
METHODS: A mouse genetics approach was used to separate the matted and Flg mutations to produce congenic single-mutant strains for genetic and immunologic analysis. (elsevierpure.com)
For additional definitions useful for understanding mouse genetics and informatics, and for links to other biological glossaries online, see the MGI Glossary . (findmice.org)
Genetics of autoimmunity in man and mice. (uh.edu)
In Systems Genetics , Methods in Molecular Biology 1488:75-120 [An updated primer in using GeneNetwork for molecular analysis of mouse and human cohorts. (genenetwork.org)
To test this hypothesis, we will use powerful combination of mouse genetics, polysome fractionation and CryoEM analysis. (rutgers.edu)

Our models were found to be a valuable tool to investigate this complex locus which, like Pla2g7, was also associated to human asthma in many studies. (rug.nl)
A strain that differs from its progenitor inbred strain at only one locus. (findmice.org)
We provide two-locus correlograms that can be used to detect and correct for non-syntenic association and to reduce error rates in QTL mapping studies that exploit RI strains. (nervenet.org)
Deletion of chromosomal locus 22q11.2 is associated with both schizophrenia and hearing loss in humans. (biorxiv.org)
Human alcoholism studies of genes identified through mouse quantitative trait locus analysis. (colorado.edu)

abstract = "Scent marking in mice allows males to communicate information such as territory ownership, male competitive ability and current reproductive, nutritional, social and health status. (edu.au)

Insulin autoantibodies (IAAs) are often present in humans for years, and in NOD mice for weeks, before the onset of diabetes. (ox.ac.uk)
In this chapter, we review the major inherited convulsive disorders found in mice and discuss their possible relationship to specific clinical seizure disorders in humans. (elsevierpure.com)
We find that for most major types of epilepsy in humans, there exists a similar counterpart in the mouse. (elsevierpure.com)
In humans and mice, hotspots are specified by PRDM9, a meiosis-specific PRDM family protein (Baudat et al. (springer.com)
Mouse or mice from the Mus musculus species are used for production of mouse monoclonal antibodies or mabs and as research model for humans in your lab. (m-csf.com)
In humans, mutations in the L1 cell adhesion molecule are associated with a neurological syndrome termed CRASH, which includes corpus callosum agenesis, mental retardation, adducted thumbs, spasticity, and hydrocephalus. (jneurosci.org)
On the basis of these observations in both mice and humans, the relationships among major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II gene variation, CD4 T cell activation, and mouse resistance to IKK-gamma (phospho-Ser85) antibody infection deserve further investigation. (monossabios.com)
A few studies have examined relationships between mercury exposures and adverse immunological reactions in humans, but there is little evidence of mercury-associated autoimmunity in humans. (biomedcentral.com)

In contrast human papillomavirus (HPV) is strongly associated with genital neoplasia, being present in over 80% of tumours. (microbiologyresearch.org)
In contrast, NOD.B10 Idd9 mice have a high prevalence of IAAs and a high degree of insulitis, despite a nearly complete resistance to diabetes. (ox.ac.uk)
In contrast, interactions between genes and the environment cannot usually be studied using conventional mapping populations in which each animal is unique. (nervenet.org)
In contrast, infecting resistant mouse strains with virulent typically elicits strong antibody-mediated protection (25, 26). (monossabios.com)

Therefore, understanding the molecular basis for diet-induced obesity in tabw2 mutant mice may uncover new cellular regulatory pathways that can then be exploited in the control of human obesity. (marshall.edu)
Using congenic mouse strains and molecular methods we explore the involvement of the microbial communities, a known source of odourants, in scent marks to test the hypothesis that the microbial communities and hence the olfactory signals are genetically determined. (edu.au)
METHODS: We employed gene set variation analysis (GSVA) of informative gene modules to identify molecular endotypes of SLE patients, machine learning (ML) to classify individual patients into molecular subsets, and logistic regression to develop a composite metric estimating the scope of immunologic perturbations. (bvsalud.org)
The well-known genetic constitution of the mouse, together with the availability of numerous physiologically distinct convulsive disorders, makes the mouse ideally suited for molecular, genetic, and biochemical studies of convulsive behavior. (elsevierpure.com)

His major research focus was on the major histocompatibility complex, (MHC or Mhc), which comprises series of genes, which play a critical part in the initiation of the adaptive immune response (AIS), exemplified by the production of antibodies specific for different pathogens. (wikipedia.org)
In the adaptive immune system, the three preeminent sets of genes are those that code for the Mhc, T-cell receptor (Tcr), and B-cell receptor (Bcr, the antibodies) proteins. (wikipedia.org)
The goal of this review is to discuss the systemic and local immune responses - as learned from the studies employing various mouse model systems - that lead to the development of lupus. (biomedcentral.com)
We employed a sequential grouped feature importance algorithm to assess the performance of gene sets, including immune and metabolic pathways and cell types, known to be abnormal in SLE in predicting disease activity and organ involvement. (bvsalud.org)
The colon and duodenum of aged TC mice showed a significant amount of immune cell infiltrate, which correlated with the severity of renal pathology. (acrabstracts.org)
Disease-protected strains exhibited a restoration of immune regulatory pathways within the gut which could also be reestablished using IL-2 therapy. (biomedcentral.com)
However, it is unknown whether genetic susceptibility to T1D also contributes to shaping the microbial communities of high-risk individuals, and whether the enteric dysbiosis seen in T1D is a cause or effect of the disease, and the immune dysregulation associated with its development. (biomedcentral.com)
Mucosal-associated invariant T cells contribute to suppression of inflammatory myeloid cells in immune-mediated kidney disease. (inims.de)
These observations led to Alizadeh and her colleagues creating an immunocompetent mouse model of glioblastoma to further investigate the connection between CAR T cells and the host immune system. (targetedonc.com)
To understand the role of endogenous immune system in the antitumor response, the investigators compared activity in immune-competent mice with activity in immune-compromised mice. (targetedonc.com)
To our surprise, we saw that CAR T cells mediated superior antitumor responses in immune-competent mouse models, suggesting that CAR T cells may stimulate an endogenous T-cell response or antitumor response," Brown said. (targetedonc.com)
The investigators used cured mice from the immune-competent models and rechallenged them with antigen negative tumors to test this hypothesis. (targetedonc.com)
In addition to increased schizophrenia susceptibility, 22q11.2DS is also associated with over 100 different malformations and clinical presentations including heart defects, immune dysfunction, hypocalcaemia, and craniofacial abnormalities such as cleft palate ( Paylor and Lindsay, 2006 ). (biorxiv.org)

The NOD allele was originally identified as providing resistance to bacterial infections in mice. (biomedcentral.com)
Data from human studies support a strong association between individual resistance to enteric fever and allelic variation within the HLA class II HLA-DRB1 gene (21). (monossabios.com)
The present study therefore examined whether H-2 congenic mouse strains with enhanced resistance to infection elicited superior CD4 T cell-dependent protective responses. (monossabios.com)
AND-34/BCAR3 (Breast Cancer Anti-Estrogen Resistance 3) associates with the focal adhesion adaptor protein, p130CAS/BCAR1. (molvis.org)

BACKGROUND: Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a major inflammatory condition of the skin caused by inherited skin barrier deficiency, with mutations in the filaggrin gene predisposing to development of AD. (elsevierpure.com)
OBJECTIVE: We sought to identify the matted mutant gene in mice and further define whether mutations in the human gene were associated with AD. (elsevierpure.com)
CONCLUSION: In mice mutations in Matt cause a defective skin barrier and spontaneous dermatitis and atopy. (elsevierpure.com)

Insulin autoantibodies are associated with islet inflammation but not always related to diabetes progression in NOD congenic mice. (ox.ac.uk)
These data suggest that reduced diversity and/or a change in metabolic function of the gut microbiota may be associated with disease progression in T1D. (biomedcentral.com)
HIVAN occurs in advanced HIV disease and is classically associated with rapid progression to end-stage renal disease (ESRD). (medscape.com)

METHODS: We used gene set variation analysis with multiple IGS encompassing the response to both type 1 and type 2 IFN in isolated CD14+ monocytes, CD19+B cells, CD4+T cells and Natural Killer (NK) cells from patients with SLE stratified by self-identified ancestry. (bvsalud.org)
A third advantage of RI strains is that genotypes generated by different groups using a variety of methods can be pooled to generate high-density linkage maps. (nervenet.org)

Nonno R , Bari MA , Cardone F , Vaccari G , Fazzi P , Dell'omo G , Efficient transmission and characterization of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease strains in bank voles. (cdc.gov)

The problem of juvenile-onset audiogenic seizure susceptibility is especially interesting because these seizures are genetically associated with an ecto-Ca2+-ATPase deficiency among the RI strains. (elsevierpure.com)
We hypothesize that SYNJ1 deficiency causes elevated basal levels of mTOR and DAT within the mesolimbic dopamine system and that these changes are associated with a blunted dopaminergic response that may ultimately modulate reward valence and produce cocaine tolerance. (rutgers.edu)

RESULTS Congenic mice expressing H-2k and H-2u molecules demonstrated rapid clearance of Typhimurium. (monossabios.com)

Various mouse models of spontaneous lupus have been employed in an effort to understand the cellular and genetic mechanisms behind induction of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). (biomedcentral.com)
Mouse models have uncovered several mechanisms by which spp. (monossabios.com)
These results suggest mechanisms through which hearing loss associated with the 22q11.2 deletion may promote emergence of schizophrenia-relevant auditory brain and behavioral abnormalities and indicate that conductive hearing loss may influence PV+ interneuron density in the auditory cortex. (biorxiv.org)
Studies on the mechanisms that regulate UGT genes, in a temporal and tissue-specific manner, should contribute significantly to understanding the basis for these differences. (aspetjournals.org)

A general model of prion strains and their pathogenicity. (cdc.gov)
Here, we have performed an analysis of associations between the gut microbiota and T1D genetic risk using the non-obese diabetic (NOD) mouse model of T1D and the TwinsUK cohort. (biomedcentral.com)
A 3-component transgenic mouse model to track and manipulate senescent cells in vivo . (jax.org)
In their study, the Campisi team developed a transgenic mouse model to label and eliminate cells undergoing cellular senescence. (jax.org)
After choosing the design, the investigators looked at the ability of IL13Rα2-targeted CAR T cells to target glioblastoma in the syngeneic mouse model and demonstrated that a single infusion of these CAR T cells could produce long-term survival in the majority of mice. (targetedonc.com)
We have obtained preliminary data consistent with this hypothesis in mouse model of asthma where chronic treatment with ß2AR inverse agonists significantly reduces the effects of a bronchoconstrictor. (americanasthmafoundation.org)
Since Typhi replicates only in a human host, it has been difficult to model this disease Typhimurium infection of inbred mice is widely used as a model of systemic typhoidal and nontyphoidal disease (6, 7). (monossabios.com)
Here, we used the Df1 /+ mouse model of 22q11.2DS to investigate the relationship between hearing loss and susceptibility to schizophrenia-relevant brain and behavioral abnormalities. (biorxiv.org)
In the Df1 /+ mouse model of human 22q11.2 Deletion Syndrome, we find that hearing loss shapes measures that are considered schizophrenia-relevant endophenotypes, such as central auditory gain and auditory sensorimotor gating. (biorxiv.org)
Thus, K18-hACE2 mice provide a useful model for studying the pathological basis of both mild and lethal COVID-19 and for assessing therapeutic interventions. (nature.com)

2000). Genetic reconstitution of systemic lupus erythematosus immunopathology with polycongenic murine strains. (uh.edu)

Matt(ft) mice spontaneously have dermatitis and atopy caused by a defective skin barrier, with mutant mice having systemic sensitization after cutaneous challenge with house dust mite allergens. (elsevierpure.com)
In the motor, somatosensory, and visual cortex, many pyramidal neurons in layer V exhibited undulating apical dendrites that did not reach layer I. The hippocampus of L1 mutant mice was smaller than normal, with fewer pyramidal and granule cells. (jneurosci.org)

for mouse, Chromosomes 1-19. (findmice.org)
Consomic rat panel in which each of the 20 autosomes and the X and Y chromosomes from the BN strain were transferred onto the SS genetic background. (comprehensivephysiology.com)

AND-34 −/− mice were generated by homologous recombination. (molvis.org)

We conclude that rs3731685 (INT4) in the SLC11A1 gene may be associated with T1D susceptibility in the European ancestry population studied. (biomedcentral.com)

These studies indicate that in the steady state, NOD mice harbor a "diabetes-permissive" microbiota, and major perturbations in the microbiota can both reduce and accelerate disease. (biomedcentral.com)
Gene effects can also be tested under a spectrum of environments and using numerous experimental perturbations. (nervenet.org)

The transformed cells are, however, all oncogenic in the host animal and in immunocompetent mice. (microbiologyresearch.org)
To investigate the effects of papillomavirus on carcinogen-driven skin cancer, we colonized several strains of immunocompetent mice with mouse papillomavirus type 1 (MmuPV1) 5 . (nature.com)
Fig. 2: Colonization of the skin with MmuPV1 protects immunocompetent SKH-1 mice against UV-induced carcinogenesis. (nature.com)

Df1 /+ mice have a multi-gene deletion analogous to the chromosomal microdeletion that causes human 22q11.2DS, and like human 22q11.2DS patients exhibit high rates of hearing loss arising primarily from susceptibility to middle ear inflammation. (biorxiv.org)

In the E18 cortex, L1 colocalized with microtubule-associated protein 2, a marker of dendrites and somata. (jneurosci.org)
Moreover, PV+ inhibitory interneurons, another marker for schizophrenia pathology, were significantly reduced in density in auditory cortex but not secondary motor cortex of Df1 /+ mice with hearing loss. (biorxiv.org)

These studies have provided fundamental insights into UGT gene structure and regulation, isozyme substrate selectivity, and interindividual variability. (aspetjournals.org)

Likewise, p16/p21 double knockout mice, which have very few senescent cells, showed similar delays in wound closure. (jax.org)

Like all inflammatory disease it has shown to be influenced by many genes. (rug.nl)
Both diseases, furthermore, are associated with chronic complications and cardiovascular disease, increasing morbidity as well as mortality. (marshall.edu)
Significant differences in clinical characteristics were associated with different endotypes, with those with the least perturbed transcriptional profile manifesting lower disease severity. (bvsalud.org)
The genetic basis for differential sensitivity of inbred mice to inflammatory bowel disease induced by dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) is unknown. (jax.org)
These changes were not observed with microbiota from young pre-disease TC mice. (acrabstracts.org)
Remarkably, the frequency of TFH cells was decreased in co-housed TC mice, corresponding to a drastic reduction of autoantibodies and amelioration of renal disease. (acrabstracts.org)
Mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells have been implicated in various inflammatory diseases of barrier organs, but so far, their role in kidney disease is unclear. (inims.de)
Joint mouse-human phenome-wide association to test gene function and disease risk. (genenetwork.org)
Mice were infected intravenously because NTS is a systemic disease that is not typically associated with high bacterial burdens in the gut lamina propria (10). (monossabios.com)
The ongoing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is associated with substantial morbidity and mortality. (nature.com)
Here we demonstrate the use of K18-hACE2 mice for studies of COVID-19 disease and treatments. (nature.com)
HIV-positive individuals are at increased risk for a variety of renal disorders, including acute kidney injury (AKI), HIV-associated nephropathy (HIVAN), comorbid chronic kidney disease (CKD), thrombotic microangiopathy, and treatment-related kidney toxicity. (medscape.com)

K18-hACE2 mice express hACE2 driven by the cytokeratin 18 ( KRT18 ) promoter, predominantly in epithelial cells 8 . (nature.com)

NFKB 105 subunit for example is a polypetide gene enhancer of genes in B cells. (m-csf.com)

Chaum E, Winborn CS, Bhattacharya S 2015 Multilayered genetic and omics dissection of mitochondrial activity in a mouse reference population. (genenetwork.org)

The coding region of the carboxy- terminal half of polyhedrin was removed and the remainder was ligated with the IGF II gene in phase to create a fusion protein gene consisting of the coding region of the amino-terminal half of polyhedrin and the IGF II gene. (microbiologyresearch.org)
This fusion protein gene was combined in a plasmid with the promoter and 5′ and 3′ flanking regions of the polyhedrin gene. (microbiologyresearch.org)
PRDM9 is a member of the PRDM family of transcription regulators, but unlike other family members, it contains a Krüppel-associated box (KRAB)-related domain that is predicted to be a potential protein interaction domain. (springer.com)
One pathway, which has been extensively studied in yeast, is mainly guided by chromatin structure and the other, analyzed in detail in mice, is driven by the sequence-specific DNA-binding PR domain-containing protein 9 (PRDM9). (springer.com)
Small deletions within a gene can alter the reading frame, and thus the amino acid sequence of the encoded protein. (findmice.org)

The classic models of spontaneous lupus include the F1 hybrid of the New Zealand Black (NZB) and New Zealand White (NZW) strains, called NZB/W F1, and its derivatives, such as NZM2328 and NZM2410, and the MRL/lpr and BXSB/Yaa strains. (biomedcentral.com)
Lesson in lupus from congenic strains. (uh.edu)
2006. Regulation of B-cell tolerance by the lupus susceptibility gene Ly108. (uh.edu)
Identification of the Yaa lupus gene as a Tlr7 gene duplication event. (uh.edu)

Qualitative and quantitative components of the bacterial community associated with MHC haplotype and background genotype were identified. (edu.au)
Mice lacking CD4 T cells demonstrated delayed bacterial clearance and had higher bacterial burdens after a month of infection (14, 20). (monossabios.com)

It has been suggested that female mice eavesdrop on these olfactory cues, using them as a means of selecting mates with dissimilar major histocompatibility complex (MHC) genes, known as H2 in mice. (edu.au)
The female mice are pregnant only 20 days and can give birth to 10 litters of 6-8 mice a year. (m-csf.com)
To assess the susceptibility of K18-hACE2 mice to SARS-CoV-2, we intranasally challenged male and female mice using inocula of 10 3 , 10 4 and 10 5 plaque-forming units (PFU). (nature.com)
There was variable mortality when mice were inoculated with 10 4 PFU (2 out of 3 female mice and 3 out of 7 male mice survived). (nature.com)

The report covers research from the authors' laboratories on the structure and regulation of UDP-glucuronosyltransferase (UGT) genes, glucuronidation of xenobiotics and endobiotics, the toxicological relevance of UGTs, the role of UGT polymorphisms in cancer susceptibility, and gene therapy for UGT deficiencies. (aspetjournals.org)
Interindividual UGT variability likely plays an important role in drug efficacy and xenobiotic toxicity, as well as in hormonal regulation and certain diseases, which in some cases may be amenable to therapeutic manipulations including gene therapy. (aspetjournals.org)
Structure and Tissue-Specific Regulation of UGT Genes (P.I.M., P.A.G., Y.I., A.J.H. (aspetjournals.org)

A word or phrase that uniquely identifies an allele of a given gene. (findmice.org)
The allele name has an abbreviation, the allele symbol, added as a superscript to the gene symbol. (findmice.org)
Allele symbols take the form of superscripts added to the gene symbol. (findmice.org)
For example, CBACa.C3- Kit W-x /J is an inbred strain of CBA/Ca background onto which the Kit W-x allele from C3H/HeJ has been placed. (findmice.org)

Anatomy10

Organisms18

Diseases9

Chemicals and Drugs12

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment8

Phenomena and Processes30

Information Science3

C57BL11

Chromosome18

Alleles7

Candidate genes4

Subcongenic strains2

Recombinant inbred mouse strains1

Transgenic mice6

Phenotypes7

Susceptibility genes2

Genomes4

Loci8

Mutation4

Immunity8

Susceptible5

Pathogenesis6

Phenotype4

Donor strain4

Causal genes1

Analyses3

Antigens4

Expression20

Genetics7

Locus5

Abstract1

Humans8

Contrast4

Molecular4

Immune13

Resistance4

Mutations3

Progression3

METHODS2

Characterization1

Deficiency2

Molecules1

Mechanisms4

Model10

Murine1

Mutant mice2

Chromosomes2

Recombination1

SLC11A11

Perturbations2

Immunocompetent3

Chromosomal1

Marker2

Insights1

Knockout mice1

Disease12

Predominantly1

Enhancer1

Dissection1

Protein5

Lupus4

Bacterial2

Female mice4

Regulation3

Allele4