Amputation-induced proliferation occurred predominantly within the epidermal and intestinal epithelium, as well as wound-adjacent muscle fibers, where clusters of cells at the same stage of the cell cycle were found. (mdpi.com)
However, in response to amputation, levels of cell death were decreased and failed to localize near the injury site. (biomedcentral.com)
Interestingly, the neoblast mitotic response was increased around the amputation area but the regenerative blastema failed to form. (biomedcentral.com)
After amputation, granular hemocytes infiltrate the blastema of regenerating cephalic tentacles of the freshwater snail Pomacea canaliculata. (unimore.it)
Histological studies focusing on the early cephalic tentacle regeneration in P. canaliculata, have demonstrated that wound closure and blastema formation took place within 24 h post amputation (hpa). (unimore.it)
Proliferation4
In recent years, interest in the possible molecular regulators of cell proliferation and differentiation in a wide range of regeneration models has grown significantly, but the cell kinetics of this process remain largely a mystery. (mdpi.com)
In mammals, Akt is ubiquitously expressed and is associated with regulation of cellular proliferation, metabolism, cell growth and cell death. (biomedcentral.com)
Functional disruption of Smed-Akt alters the balance between cell proliferation and cell death leading to systemic impairment of adult tissue renewal. (biomedcentral.com)
This study defined the role of Smed-Akt in abnormal cell proliferation triggered by the abrogation of the phosphatase PTEN, an upstream component of the Akt signaling pathway, which is highly mutated in human cancers. (biomedcentral.com)
Planarian2
Our findings abrogating Smed-Akt with RNA-interference in the planarian Schmidtea mediterranea led to a gradual decrease in stem cell (neoblasts) numbers. (biomedcentral.com)
Recently, we described that the genome of S. mediterranea contains a single Akt ortholog termed Smed-Akt , which affects cell division and impairs planarian locomotion [ 22 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Our results also reveal novel roles for Akt signaling during regeneration, specifically for the timely localization of cell death near the injury site. (biomedcentral.com)
This paucity is likely due to the ubiquitous nature of this signaling pathway and the difficulty of analyzing stem cells in their natural environment during physiological cell turnover and regeneration in conventional animal models [ 15 - 17 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Callus is a reprogrammed cell mass involved in plant regeneration and gene transformation in crop engineering. (bvsalud.org)
Pluripotent callus cells develop into fertile shoots through shoot regeneration. (bvsalud.org)
Notably, chlorenchyma cells, enriched in photosynthesis-related processes, play a crucial role in promoting shoot primordia formation and subsequent shoot regeneration. (bvsalud.org)
Light is shown to promote shoot regeneration by inducing chlorenchyma cell development and coordinating sugar signaling. (bvsalud.org)
Skeletal muscle regeneration relies on the reciprocal interaction between many types of cells. (bvsalud.org)
To conclude, our study revealed that miR-378 deletion influences the abundance of mSCs and the adipogenic potential of FAPs, but does not affect overall regeneration upon acute, glycerol-induced muscle injury. (bvsalud.org)
Muscle regeneration was induced using intramuscular cardiotoxin injection or treadmill exercise and analysed using single cell and bulk RNA sequencing, qRT-PCR and immunofluorescence. (bvsalud.org)
Importantly, in aged skeletal muscle where miR-501 was significantly downregulated and its target Esrrg significantly upregulated, the number of myog+/CD74+ cells during regeneration was upregulated to similar levels as observed in 501 knockout mice. (bvsalud.org)
Transformation1
In the case of schistosomes, it is necessary to maintain active populations of freshwater snails as intermediate hosts, manage periodic shedding of the infective cercariae, induce transformation to schistosomula or allow for penetrance into a definitive host (usually mice). (biomedcentral.com)
Regenerative5
This organism is well known for its stem cell-based regenerative capability. (biomedcentral.com)
therefore, new researches focused on regenerative medicine have been developed, including the use of stem cells. (biomedcentral.com)
Consequently, because of the increased rate of RF in terminal stage and few alternative treatments, new investigations focused on regenerative medicine have been developed, including the use of stem cells (SCs) [ 7 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
How adult muscle stem cells contribute to this decrease in regenerative capacity is incompletely understood. (bvsalud.org)
Members of the free-living genus Planaria are widely interrogated in the realm of stem cell biology due to their remarkable regenerative abilities [ 8 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Cellular3
mitotically active cells of intact segments do not significantly contribute to the blastemal cellular sources. (mdpi.com)
Nonetheless, there is limited understanding of how Akt signaling controls the response of stem cells during cellular turnover and tissue injury in the complexity of the whole organism. (biomedcentral.com)
The neoblasts are the only dividing cells in planarians and constantly proliferate to repair tissues and support systemic cellular turnover [ 21 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Differentiation2
In this research, we generate differentiated kidney cells (DKCs) from mouse pluripotent stem cells (mPSCs) analyzing their morphological, genetic, phenotypic, and spectroscopic characteristics along differentiation, highlighting that there are no reports of the use of Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy to characterize the directed differentiation of mPSCs to DKCs. (biomedcentral.com)
Moreover, FTIR spectroscopy resulted in a non-invasive, rapid and precise technic that together with principal component analysis allows to characterize chemical and structurally both kind of cells and also discriminate and determine different stages along the cell differentiation process. (biomedcentral.com)
Injection1
After the injection of clodronate liposomes, a specific computer-assisted image analysis protocol still evidenced the presence of granular hemocytes in the tentacle blastema. (unimore.it)
Genetic1
Many conditions do not appear to be induced entirely by environmental factors and so genetic profiles have been studied to determine why some individuals are more susceptible to particular diseases. (biomedcentral.com)
Formation4
Conclusions In this work we have shown that the expression of gluQ rs, a gene codifying an enzyme involved in the formation of GluQ present on the tRNAAsp, is under the control of http://www.selleckchem.com/products/mek162.html the dksA promoter. (gp120-inhibitors.com)
By characterizing the spatially resolved molecular features of shoot primordia and surrounding cells, specific factors essential for shoot primordia formation are identified. (bvsalud.org)
Increased foam cell formation results from lack of VDR-SERCA2b interaction, causing SERCA dysfunction, activation of ER stress-CaMKII-JNKp-PPARĪ³ signaling, and induction of the scavenger receptors CD36 and SR-A1. (regenerativemedicine.net)
Bone marrow transplant of VDR-expressing cells into KODMAC mice improved insulin sensitivity, suppressed atherosclerosis, and decreased foam cell formation. (regenerativemedicine.net)
Stem cell1
However, the mechanisms by which Akt signaling regulates stem cell behavior in the complexity of the whole body are poorly understood. (biomedcentral.com)
Adult2
Planarians contain an abundant and accessible population of somatic adult stem cells called neoblasts [ 18 - 21 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Embryonic or adult SCs by definition are characterized by their self-renewal and potentiality, peculiarities that allow them to give rise to more SCs and differentiate into various cell lineages under appropriate conditions. (biomedcentral.com)
Populations1
The findings reveal the presence of highly heterogeneous cell populations within the callus, including epidermis, vascular tissue, shoot primordia, inner callus, and outgrowth shoots. (bvsalud.org)
Mice5
In vitro analysis was performed in primary muscle cells obtained from mice and humans. (bvsalud.org)
RESULTS: Single cell sequencing revealed myogenic progenitor cells in miR-501 knockout mice at day 6 after muscle injury that are characterized by high levels of myogenin and CD74. (bvsalud.org)
In control mice these cells were less in number and already downregulated after day 3 of muscle injury. (bvsalud.org)
We demonstrate that deletion of the macrophage vitamin D receptor (VDR) in mice (KODMAC) is sufficient to induce insulin resistance by promoting M2 macrophage accumulation in the liver as well as increasing cytokine secretion and hepatic glucose production. (regenerativemedicine.net)
The immunomodulatory effects of vitamin D in macrophages are thus critical in diet-induced insulin resistance and atherosclerosis in mice. (regenerativemedicine.net)
Findings1
These findings suggest that blood and brain neuronal cells could possess a frequent regulatory mecha nism for gene expression. (fgfrinhibitors.com)
Understood1
Nevertheless, the mechanisms by which neuronal degeneration and death happen in AD and no matter whether they may be induced by Ab will not be wholly understood. (fgfrinhibitors.com)
Biology1
Thus, Akt signaling regulates neoblast biology and mediates in the distribution of injury-mediated cell death during tissue repair in planarians. (biomedcentral.com)
Analysis1
Regarding vibrational spectroscopy analysis by FTIR, bands related with biomolecules were shown on mPSCs and DKCs spectra, observing distinct differences between cell lineages and maturation stages. (biomedcentral.com)
Brain4
One concentrate inside the mechanism of neuronal death in AD would be the aberrant expression of cell cycle related proteins, this kind of as cdc2, cdk4, cyclin B1, and cyclin D, which med iate cell cycle progression, in vulnerable neurons from the AD brain, these molecules perform important roles in neuronal death related with several paradigms of neuronal death. (fgfrinhibitors.com)
On top of that to cell cycle progres sion molecules, quite a few cell cycle inhibitors, such as p16 and p27, and tumor suppressor proteins such as p53 and BRCA1 are also increased in levels during the AD brain. (fgfrinhibitors.com)
Also to your human AD brain, the improved expression levels of cell cycle relevant proteins were also found in transgenic mouse models of AD. (fgfrinhibitors.com)
Although it selleckchem is unclear why cell cycle connected proteins show enhanced in ranges within the AD brain and AD mouse models, 1 chance is that DNA harm induced by Ab may possibly improve the levels of or activate these molecules. (fgfrinhibitors.com)
Injury1
We subjected 6-week-old wild-type (WT) and miR-378 knockout (miR-378-/-) animals to the glycerol-induced muscle injury and performed analyses in various time-points. (bvsalud.org)
Types5
ESCs are obtained from inner cell mass, characterized by unlimited self-renewal and pluripotentiality, which allow them to differentiate into various specialized cells types in a morphologically and functionally way, characteristics that make them attractive for developing differentiated kidney cells (DKCs) [ 9 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
The kidney is a complex organ composed of several cell types, and it is conformed approximately by 11,000 nephrons. (biomedcentral.com)
An improved ontological representation of dendritic cells as a paradigm for all cell types. (philarchive.org)
The Cell Ontology (CL) is designed to provide a standardized representation of cell types for data annotation. (philarchive.org)
Currently, the CL employs multiple is_a relations, defining cell types in terms of histological, functional, and lineage properties, and the majority of definitions are written with sufficient generality to hold across multiple species. (philarchive.org)
Mechanisms1
We investigated mechanisms of age-related changes in myogenic progenitor cells using the tissue-specific microRNA 501. (bvsalud.org)
Found1
In miR-378-/- animals, an elevated abundance of muscle satellite cells (mSCs) on day 3 was found. (bvsalud.org)
Death1
Downregulation of Smed-Akt function also resulted in an increase of cell death throughout the animal. (biomedcentral.com)