Concentrations and exposure. Medical search. Frequent questions

Pharmaceuticals are pseudopersistent aquatic pollutants with unknown effects at environmentally relevant concentrations. (stir.ac.uk)
Health effects from indoor air pollutants may be experienced soon after exposure or years later. (nature.com)
An on-board air filtration system developed specifically for school buses reduces exposure to vehicular pollutants by up to 88 percent, according to a new study. (sciencedaily.com)
The developed HECA filtration system has great potential to substantially reduce children's exposure to vehicle pollutants while commuting inside school buses," the study states. (sciencedaily.com)
Estimating changes in population exposures to air pollutants is an essential component of EPA's benefits analyses, providing the link between anticipated emissions changes and resulting changes in health outcomes. (nationalacademies.org)

Exposure duration: acute (0-14 days), intermediate (15-364 days), or chronic (365 or more days). (cdc.gov)
What is the exposure duration? (cdc.gov)
Main Outcome Measures: Salivary cotinine concentrations (ng/ml), duration of self reported exposures to secondhand smoke, air nicotine (microg/cubic metre). (drugsandalcohol.ie)
The information that is identified in the in-depth literature search is evaluated with general considerations that include description of studies (i.e., species, study protocol, exposure concentration and duration), health endpoint evaluated, and critical effect levels (e.g. (cdc.gov)
If chemical concentrations are above comparison values, ATSDR further analyzes exposure variables (e.g., duration and frequency) for health effects, including the toxicology of the chemical, other epidemiology studies, and the weight of evidence. (cdc.gov)

Compared to previous Swedish and international studies performed during approximately the same time period, high urinary concentrations of monobenzyl phthalate (MBzP), a metabolite from the strictly regulated BBzP, were measured in this study (median 17 ng/mL). (lu.se)
Median dose-adjusted sertraline concentration in second trimester was 0.15(ng/mL) /(mg/day), in third trimester and at delivery 0.19 and 1-month postpartum 0.25, with a 67% relative difference between second trimester and postpartum. (nih.gov)
Median concentrations in the infants were 33% and 25% of their mothers', measured in cord blood, and infant plasma, respectively. (nih.gov)
Of the 15 PFAAs analyzed, perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) was found in all alligator meat samples and at the highest concentrations (median 6.73 ng/g). (nist.gov)

Cannabinoid plasma concentrations had been determined by a variety of analytical methods. (nih.gov)
Our purpose was to study the variability in the plasma concentrations in pregnant women and the passage to their infants. (nih.gov)
Sertraline plasma concentrations were measured around pregnancy weeks 21 and 30, at delivery, 1-month postpartum, in cord blood and at 48 h of age in the infant. (nih.gov)
Ketoconazole can cause elevated plasma concentrations of these drugs and may prolong QT intervals, sometimes resulting in life-threatening ventricular dysrhythmias such as torsades de pointes. (nih.gov)
Data from some clinical PK/PD studies and drug interaction studies suggest that oral dosing with ketoconazole at 200 mg twice daily for 3 to 7 days can result in an increase of the QT c interval: a mean maximum increase of about 6 to 12 msec was seen at ketoconazole peak plasma concentrations about 1 to 4 hours after ketoconazole administration. (nih.gov)

For example, blood mercury concentrations were greater for those birds feeding at higher trophic levels owing to the propensity of mercury to biomagnify through food chains. (usgs.gov)
For example, blood-mercury concentrations in Western and Clark's grebes ( Aechmophorus occidentalis ) decreased by 60 percent from spring to fall, consistent with the onset of feather molt. (usgs.gov)
Low pathogenic avian influenza infections were directly correlated with blood mercury concentrations in wild waterfowl, indicating that mercury exposure may be related to pathogen susceptibility. (usgs.gov)

ABSTRACT Phase 1 of this cross-sectional study aimed to compare hair lead concentrations and establish the determinants of hair lead levels in 149 occupationally exposed individuals versus 177 non-occupationally exposed controls in the Lebanese population. (who.int)
Article: Characteristics and expected health implications of annual PM 10 concentrations in Athens, Greece Journal: International Journal of Environment and Pollution (IJEP) 2010 Vol.41 No.1/2 pp.124 - 139 Abstract: Several characteristics of the annual PM 10 concentrations in the Athens conurbation, together with the expected health implications, are investigated using data from the Athens network of monitoring stations. (inderscience.com)
abstract = "Extracellular heat-shock protein 72 (eHsp72) concentration increases during exerciseheat stress when conditions elicit physiological strain. (brighton.ac.uk)

Objective: the aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of different concentrations of carbamide peroxide (CP) bleaching agents on the fluorescence of three composites. (bvsalud.org)
During this test, you inhale different concentrations of allergens or medicines that may tighten the muscles in your airways. (medlineplus.gov)

This test method describes the determination of the as administered surface area of airborne metal oxide nanoparticles in inhalation exposure chambers for inhalation toxicology studies. (astm.org)
Basis for IDLH value: No inhalation exposure data were located for chloroacetonitrile. (cdc.gov)

All the analyzed metabolites were measured in lower concentrations in urine collected from children attending preschools built or renovated after the year 2000, while no seasonal differences were observed in this study. (lu.se)
When the heavy metal cadmium is consumed in excess, it can have a negative impact on kidneys, the liver and bone density, particularly for children who are more sensitive to lower concentrations of heavy metals. (organic-center.org)

1953]. [Note: NIOSH recommends as part of its carcinogen policy that the 'most protective' respirators be worn for soluble uranium compounds at concentrations above 0.05 mg U/m3. (cdc.gov)
erm Concentration and Motility in Roosters Dietary RU exposure had no significant effect on sperm HDAC2 Inhibitor site concentrations, irrespective on the exposure time (Figure 3A), whereas it considerably decreased the percentage of motility COX-3 Inhibitor web following 5, 13 or 25 days of dietary exposure (p 0.05, Figure 3B) inside the RU group. (rockinhibitor.com)
these deleterious effects ceased at Day 50 (Table 2).Dietary RU exposure had no substantial impact on sperm concentrations, irrespective of the exposure time (Figure 3A), whereas it drastically reduced the percentage of motility soon after 5, 13 or 25 days of dietary exposure (p 0.05, Figure 3B) within the RU group. (rockinhibitor.com)
A) Measurement from the sperm concentration correspond to thetimes on the experiment(p 0.05), p 0.01. (rockinhibitor.com)

Compared to European studies, however, similar concentrations were observed for most metabolites and the urinary concentrations from few participating children exceeded the human biomonitoring guidance values (HBM-GV) for children. (lu.se)
After days with preschool attendance, lower urinary concentrations of metabolites originating from DEP and phthalates that are strictly regulated within the EU REACH legislation (DEHP, DnBP, and DiBP) and higher concentrations of metabolites originating from DiNP, DPHP, and DiDP, i.e. less or non-regulated phthalates were found compared the urinary concentrations of these metabolites in weekends. (lu.se)

Typically, signs and symptoms of nitrogen mustard exposure do not occur immediately. (cdc.gov)
Depending on the severity of the exposure, symptoms may not occur for several hours. (cdc.gov)
Policy Relevant Background (PRB) ozone concentrations are defined by the United States (U.S.) Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) as those concentrations that would occur in the U.S. in the absence of anthropogenic emissions in continental North America (i.e., the U.S, Canada, and Mexico). (acs.org)
If no one comes into contact with a chemical, then no exposure occurs, thus no health effects could occur. (cdc.gov)
Exposure can occur by breathing, eating, drinking, or by skin contact with a substance containing the chemical. (cdc.gov)

Purpose: This IDLH Value Profile presents (1) a brief summary of technical data associated with acute inhalation exposures to chloroacetonitrile and (2) the rationale behind the immediately dangerous to life or health (IDLH) value for chloroacetonitrile. (cdc.gov)
As described in CIB 66, NIOSH performs in-depth literature searches to ensure that all relevant data from human and animal studies with acute exposures to the substance are identified. (cdc.gov)
Studies have shown that exposure to high levels of vehicle pollution is associated with pulmonary and cardiovascular health risks, including oxidative stress, mitochondrial damage and acute pulmonary inflammation. (sciencedaily.com)
TNO (1974) reported no acute toxicity by inhalation (4h) at the maximum achievable concentration. (europa.eu)
From the results of the present acute inhalation toxicity test with rats it appeared that a 4 hour exposure to a fine dispersion of 2-Chlorobenzonitrile at a concentration of 440 mg/m³ of air produced no mortality or grossly visible injury. (europa.eu)

Secondhand smoke exposure and risk following the Irish smoking ban: an assessment of salivary cotinine concentrations in hotel workers and air nicotine levels in bars. (drugsandalcohol.ie)
Mulcahy, Maurice and Evans, David S and Hammond, SK and Repace, JL and Byrne, M (2005) Secondhand smoke exposure and risk following the Irish smoking ban: an assessment of salivary cotinine concentrations in hotel workers and air nicotine levels in bars. (drugsandalcohol.ie)
Objective: To investigate whether the Irish smoking ban has had an impact on secondhand smoke (SHS) exposures for hospitality workers. (drugsandalcohol.ie)
Conclusions Concurrent alcohol use resulted in greater eCO, likley due to participants spending a greater amount of time in the WP lounge and experiencing longer sustained exposure to secondhand smoke. (okstate.edu)

Beyond the environmental pathways and drivers of mercury exposure, how a bird takes in, processes, and excretes contaminants influences exposure and potential effects. (usgs.gov)
The Ecologically-Driven Exposure Pathways team identifies internal and external pathways and processes that can alter exposure and toxicity of contaminants and pathogens to wildlife the environment. (usgs.gov)
The Ecologically-Driven Exposure Pathways Integrated Science Team identifies how ecological pathways and physiological processes within a single organism can alter exposure and toxicity of contaminants and pathogens and seek to understand outcomes at different scales from individuals to populations and ecosystems. (usgs.gov)

For example, mercury exposure can lead to sublethal toxicological effects that can influence parental nesting behaviors involved in egg incubation. (usgs.gov)

Cigarette smoking and serum lipid and lipoprotein concentrations: an analysis of published data. (bmj.com)

Plasma sertraline concentrations vary markedly between individuals, partly explained by variability in hepatic drug metabolizing cytochrome P450-enzyme activity. (nih.gov)
Research has demonstrated that glancing at greenery can also markedly boost concentration levels and productivity in college and the workplace. (medicalnewstoday.com)
After 13 weeks of exposure mean turnover rates in all exposed groups were markedly lower than after 3 days, and the mean rates of the formaldehyde-exposed groups tended to be below that of controls. (tno.nl)

Systemic effects described by Patty [1963] were caused by chronic exposures from oral dosing. (cdc.gov)
In adults, which has been maintained or replaced only chronic lead exposure has led to kidney, recently [ 12 ]. (who.int)
Chronic Ambient Ozone Exposure Aggravates Autism-Like Symptoms in a Susceptible Mouse Model. (acs.org)

We measured concentrations of SARS-CoV-2, influenza A and B virus, respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), mpox virus, human metapneumovirus, norovirus GII, and pepper mild mottle virus nucleic acids in wastewater solids at twelve wastewater treatment plants in Central California, USA. (nature.com)
This analysis suggests that if PM 10 concentrations were reduced to the levels of the AQGs, then a significant decrease in respiratory and cardiovascular hospital admissions and mortality would be observed. (inderscience.com)

Stepwise multiple regression reported rate of Trec increase and change in Trec to be predictors of increased eHsp72 concentration. (brighton.ac.uk)

This results in exposure that is considerably more balanced than cap-weighted funds. (etfdb.com)
The habit of eating once or twice a day also reflects a stressful life with little control of one's daily activities, and many studies have shown that mental stress may rise the cholesterol concentration considerably (4). (bmj.com)
Individuals who glanced at the meadow scene made considerably fewer errors and exhibited superior concentration levels on the remaining half of the task than those who observed the concrete scene. (medicalnewstoday.com)
EPA's exposure assessment methods have evolved considerably over time, as is evident in the health benefits analyses reviewed by the committee. (nationalacademies.org)

We focused on occupational cases and outbreaks and on experimental aerosol exposures of nonhuman primates that included environmental sampling data. (cdc.gov)

The aim of this study was to assess everyday plasticizer exposure among preschool-aged children in Sweden by measuring urinary plasticizer metabolite concentrations. (lu.se)
Overall, high urinary phthalate metabolite concentrations were observed in this study compared to the US CDC-NHANES from the same time period and similar age-group. (lu.se)

Individual completed and potential exposure pathway. (cdc.gov)
This study examines the American alligator, Alligator mississippiensis, as an important indicator of ecosystem contamination and a potential pathway for PFAA exposure in humans. (nist.gov)

Exposure and toxicity of environmental mercury to birds can be enhanced or lessened due to the available sources and forms of mercury and other species dependent factors such as life stage, migratory patterns, foraging and nesting behaviors, transfer of mercury from mothers to eggs, and sex. (usgs.gov)
However, exposure to methylmercury alone does not determine the health risk to humans or wildlife-numerous pathways and processes in the environment and within an organism can alter its toxicity. (usgs.gov)

Maximum permissible concentrations of hydrazine hydrate and phenylhydrazine in water bodies. (cdc.gov)

This suggests equal weight strategies may be better positioned in the second half if concentration normalizes. (etfdb.com)
The site-specific nature of PFAA concentrations in alligator meat observed in this study suggests a source of PFAA contamination in Berkley County, SC. (nist.gov)
Research suggests that exposure to natural surroundings, including green spaces, may prove beneficial for children's brain development. (medicalnewstoday.com)
Data suggests eHsp72 concentration increases once systemic temperature and sympathetic activity exceeds a minimum endogenous criteria elicited during VHOT conditions and is likely to be modulated by large, rapid changes in core temperature. (brighton.ac.uk)

Exposure to nitrogen mustard liquid is more likely to produce second- and third- degree burns and later scarring than is exposure to nitrogen mustard vapor. (cdc.gov)

Our aim was to determine the exposure to black carbon (BC) and BC dose for 45 schoolchildren with portable microaethalometers and to evaluate the relationship between personal monitoring and fixed stations at schools (indoor and outdoor) and in an urban background (UB) site. (upf.edu)
A long-term follow-up study will evaluate how much exposure can be reduced by operating the HECA filtration system in a large number of school buses with children aboard, Zhu said. (sciencedaily.com)
How does ATSDR determine which exposure situations to evaluate? (cdc.gov)

Seven cases were associated with occupational exposures in the postal service, and two case-patients had documented exposures to contaminated mail in the business office of a media company. (cdc.gov)
Occupational lead exposure can also particularly using hair concentration as cause a decline in cognitive function over an indicator of lead exposure, nor has a the course of time [ 8 ]. (who.int)

The summed concentrations of 16 PAHs ranged from 8700 to 52 000 pg/m3 over the sampling area, and DDT, chlordane, and endosulfan concentrations were in the ranges of 2.7-9.9, 8.2-66, and 16-85 pg/m3, respectively. (uiowa.edu)

Several plasticizing chemicals induce endocrine disrupting effects in humans, and the indoor environment is suggested to be a source of exposure. (lu.se)
As children are particularly vulnerable to the effects from exposure to endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs), it is essential to monitor exposure to EDCs such as phthalates and non-phthalate plasticizers in indoor environments intended for use by children. (lu.se)
This may indicate that factors in the indoor environment itself are important for the extent of the plasticizer exposure. (lu.se)
1 While outdoor air pollution is clearly important and contributes to indoor air quality, indoor air pollution sources and the time spent in indoor environments are key to understanding exposure. (bmj.com)
Data included here comprises environmental fiber concentrations by scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive spectroscopy (SEM-EDS) analysis in soil, indoor and outdoor air, personal monitoring, as well as a chemical characterization of the fibers. (iss.it)

In such cases, modeling uses obtainable data--the number of rockets, weather, and so forth--to develop a best estimate of the extent of potential exposure. (health.mil)

Sensitivity analyses conducted by the EPA have illustrated that changing estimates of PRB ozone concentrations have a progressively greater impact on estimates of mortality risk as more stringent standards are considered. (acs.org)

An uncertainty factor of 30 was applied to account for extrapolation from a concentration that is lethal to animals, animal to human differences, and human variability, resulting in an IDLH value for acetonitrile of 137 ppm. (cdc.gov)

In utero exposure to environmental chemicals, such as polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), may play a role in the etiology of ASD. (mdpi.com)
We examined the relation between plasma PCB concentrations measured during pregnancy and autistic behaviours in a subset of children aged 3-4 years old in the Maternal-Infant Research on Environmental Chemicals (MIREC) Study, a pregnancy and birth cohort of 546 mother-infant pairs from Canada (enrolled: 2008-2011). (mdpi.com)
The Expert Committee identifies and, where possible, quantifies the public health significance of exposure to chemicals in food - in these cases, food additives including flavouring agents - through scientific risk assessment based on international consensus. (who.int)

Wastewater-based epidemiology uses concentrations of infectious disease targets in wastewater to understand disease occurrence in communities. (nature.com)
The Journal of Exposure Science and Environmental Epidemiology is inviting submissions for a Special Issue on Wastewater-based Epidemiology to Assess Environmentally Influenced Disease. (nature.com)
Keep up to date with the Journal of Exposure Science and Environmental Epidemiology on LinkedIn. (nature.com)

The U.S. Geological Survey's (USGS) Ecologically-Driven Exposure Pathways Team , with partners from academia, industry, and tribal, State, and Federal agencies, provides tools to facilitate understanding of mercury and other toxicant exposure and effects on birds and other wildlife. (usgs.gov)
Adverse health effects caused by nitrogen mustards depend on the amount of nitrogen mustard to which people are exposed, the route of exposure, and the length of time that people are exposed. (cdc.gov)
Finally, the concentration-response section explores the sources and selection of these functions and issues associated with the existence of thresholds, analysis of population subgroups, and assumptions regarding effects lags (the temporal relationship between changes in exposure and resulting changes in health outcomes). (nationalacademies.org)
To study in detail possible effects of low concentrations of formaldehyde on the nasal epithelium, Wistar rats were exposed to 0, 0.3, 1 and 3 ppm formaldehyde vapour for 6 h/day, 5 days/week during 3 days or 13 weeks, using in vivo [3H]thymidine labeling for cell proliferation studies, and light and electron microscopy for detecting morphological effects. (tno.nl)
Dust mitigation measures have gradually reduced exposure, but continuous environmental follow-up is necessary in order to monitor exposure levels and prevent adverse health effects for future generations. (iss.it)
Exposure could cause narcotic effects. (ilo.org)
Effects of dietary Roundup exposure on sperm parameters in fresh rooster semen. (rockinhibitor.com)
Exposure does not always result in harmful health effects. (cdc.gov)
Comparison values are developed by ATSDR from available scientific literature concerning exposure and health effects. (cdc.gov)
Comparison values are derived for each of the media and reflect an estimated chemical concentration that is not expected to cause harmful health effects for a given chemical, assuming a standard daily contact rate (e.g., amount of water or soil consumed or amount of air breathed) and body weight. (cdc.gov)
ATSDR comparison values represent chemical concentrations many times lower than levels at which no effects were observed in experimental animal or human epidemiologic studies. (cdc.gov)
Studies reporting effects of low concentrations are not significant. (janusinfo.se)

The team has studied contaminant exposure pathways for numerous wildlife species, but in this article, the focus is on environmental mercury exposure in wild birds. (usgs.gov)
Some of the team's most recent contributions provide information on when and where methylmercury exposure occurs, pathways of contaminant bioaccumulation, and whether the exposure affects bird health. (usgs.gov)
ATSDR identifies and evaluates exposure pathways by considering how people might come into contact with a chemical. (cdc.gov)

A detection frequency (DF) of 99.9% for the 14 metabolites indicates a widespread exposure to plasticizers among children in Sweden. (lu.se)

The assessments, recommendations and comments by the Expert Committee will be discussed by the Codex Committee on Food Additives in order to generate recommendations to national authorities on the safe use of these food additives and to identify and recommend appropriate risk management and risk-mitigation measures to reduce human exposure, where necessary. (who.int)
The exposure assessment section begins with an overview of exposure assessment considerations, including issues related to exposure assessments in the epidemiological studies that are frequently used to estimate health benefits of air pollution reductions. (nationalacademies.org)
Risk-based concentrations (RBCs) and soil screening levels (SSLs) are health-based comparison values developed by EPA Region III to screen sites not yet on the National Priorities List (NPL), respond rapidly to citizens inquiries, and spot-check formal baseline risk assessments. (cdc.gov)

The appropriate statistic depends on the site-specific exposure scenario evaluated and the characteristics of the data set. (cdc.gov)
Given these findings, we implemented the Sewer Coronavirus Alert Network (SCAN) project to provide real time data on concentrations of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in wastewater solids samples in late 2020. (nature.com)
Several characteristics of the annual PM 10 concentrations in the Athens conurbation, together with the expected health implications, are investigated using data from the Athens network of monitoring stations. (inderscience.com)
Because the most recent EPA analysis reviewed by the committee (the benefits analysis for the heavy-duty (HD) engine and diesel-fuel rule) uses current data and exposure assessment methods, it serves as an illustrative example throughout this exposure assessment discussion. (nationalacademies.org)
The committee considers that the exposure assessment methods used in the analysis for the HD engine and diesel-fuel rule represent an appropriate and reasonably thorough application of available data and models. (nationalacademies.org)
The use of ambient air concentrations to represent population exposures is justifiable when the health findings underlying the benefits analysis are similarly based on ambient concentration data and when the outdoor concentrations are correlated with personal exposures, as is the case for particulate matter (PM). (nationalacademies.org)
Data analyzed provided a spatial and temporal picture of fiber concentrations in Biancavilla, and a qualitative assessment of population exposure. (iss.it)
The data also showed that the concentrations measured with a passive atmospheric sampling system are in good agreement with those measured with an active, high-volume, sampling system. (uiowa.edu)

At city level, personal monitoring is the best way to assess people's exposure. (upf.edu)
Further research is required to assess the true extent and magnitude of these exposures. (drugsandalcohol.ie)

Learn how to use ATSDR's guidance to estimate appropriate EPCs to use in your site-specific exposure calculations. (cdc.gov)
ATSDR's PHAs are driven by exposure or contact. (cdc.gov)
Figure 9 describes ATSDR's exposure evaluation process. (cdc.gov)

However, the interindividual variation in maternal concentrations during pregnancy is huge, why therapeutic drug monitoring might assist in finding the poor metabolizers at risk for adversity and increase the safety of the treatment. (nih.gov)

This chapter discusses three key components of benefits analyses: exposure assessment, health outcomes, and concentration-response functions. (nationalacademies.org)
As in all other stages of the benefits analysis, the assumptions and methods used in the exposure assessment should be well-justified and clearly described, with careful attention paid to assessing and communicating key sources of uncertainty. (nationalacademies.org)

Dose-response curves constructed with sustained agonist application suggest that the 50% effective concentration (EC 50 ) for peak glutamate-evoked current at NMDARs is 1 to 10 μM, whereas that of α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazole propionate (AMPA) receptors is ∼500 μM. (aspetjournals.org)
The lack of identified exposures in 2 of the 11 cases of bioterrorism-related inhalation anthrax in 2001 raised uncertainty about the infectious dose and transmission of Bacillus anthracis . (cdc.gov)

We used the Wells-Riley mathematical model of airborne infection to estimate 1) the exposure concentrations in postal facilities where cases of inhalation anthrax occurred and 2) the risk for infection in various hypothetical scenarios of exposure to B. anthracis aerosolized from contaminated mail in residential settings. (cdc.gov)

Because it is nearly odorless and nonirritating except at high concentrations, persons may not be aware of its presence. (cdc.gov)
The long-term average adjusted HHI level is 4.9, highlighting the historically high levels of concentration that investors are currently facing. (etfdb.com)
S&P Dow Jones Indices noted when concentration has been relatively high in the past, it has subsequently tended to decline. (etfdb.com)
however, concentration levels are still high, exceeding the current EU air quality standard at four monitoring stations and the Air Quality Guideline (AQG) suggested by WHO at all eight stations. (inderscience.com)
High concentrations can cause burns and blindness. (cdc.gov)
Pollution reduction was even greater under freeway driving conditions, which was surprising because freeways have particularly high pollutant concentrations due to traffic congestion and increased emissions. (sciencedaily.com)
Increased cell turnover in the same anterior location confirmed high mitotic activity in the 3 ppm group after 3 days and 13 weeks of exposure. (tno.nl)
Exposure at high concentrations could cause asphyxiation. (ilo.org)
High concentrations in the air cause a deficiency of oxygen with the risk of unconsciousness or death. (ilo.org)

After 3 days of exposure a nearly log-linear relationship was found between cell turnover and exposure concentration reaching a 10-fold increase in the 3 ppm group, and suggesting challenge of the mucociliary and/or regenerative defence systems not only at 3 ppm but also at 0.3 and 1 ppm. (tno.nl)

However, this inhibitory impact ceased 14 days after the end of exposure (Day 50, Figure Toxics 2021, 9, 318 10 of 21 3B).Figure 3. (rockinhibitor.com)

The mouse LC50 value of 2,693 ppm for a 60 minute exposure to acetonitrile [Willhite 1981] was selected as the basis for the IDLH value. (cdc.gov)

Further study is needed to determine if and how mercury and other environmental contaminant exposures may affect disease susceptibility in wildlife. (usgs.gov)

No grossly observable signs or symptoms were induced in mice, rats, guinea pigs, rabbits, or dogs following the first day of exposure to 20 mg/m3 of UF6 (13.5 mg U/m3), UO2F2 (15.5 mg U/m3), Ucl4 (12.5 mg U/m3), or UO2(NO3)2×H2O (9.5 mg U/m3) [Wilson et al. (cdc.gov)
Solutions of 14.5% and higher concentrations immediately produce symptoms. (medscape.com)

Mitigation measures adopted since 2001, gradually reduced exposure levels to about 0.1-0.4 ff/l. (iss.it)

The accuracy of model prediction was evaluated by comparison of the predicted time of prior drug use to the actual time of exposure. (nih.gov)
Predictions of time of exposure were generally accurate but tended to overestimate time immediately after smoking and tended to underestimate later times. (nih.gov)

Methylmercury exposure poses a perceived health risk to humans and wildlife globally. (usgs.gov)
This complexity and information gap can make it difficult to understand or predict where methylmercury exposure poses the greatest health risks. (usgs.gov)
these together represent the necessary input to population concentration-response functions for calculating health impacts. (nationalacademies.org)
If exposure is possible, ATSDR scientists then consider whether contamination is present at levels that might affect public health. (cdc.gov)

Overall 74% of subjects experienced decreases (range 16-99%), with 60% showing a halving of exposure levels at follow up. (drugsandalcohol.ie)
The presence of greenery increased workplace satisfaction, perceived air quality, and reported levels of concentration. (medicalnewstoday.com)

The rats were exposed to the highest concentration of 2-Chlorobenzonitrile possible, being 440 mg/m³. (europa.eu)

For the UB station, the respective R(2) were 0.18 and 0.45, indicating the importance of the distance to the monitoring station when assessing exposure. (upf.edu)

Conclusion: fluorescence intensity may be affected by the action of carbamide peroxide bleaching agents, depending on its concentration and the composite characteristics. (bvsalud.org)

The highest concentration being possible in air was calculated from the results of weighings of the solution, converted to pure, undissolved sample material. (europa.eu)
In the highest concentration of propranolol (100 mg/L) with the lowest concentration of sludge (30 mg/L), propranolol could not be classified as readily biodegradable. (janusinfo.se)

Additionally, a random sample (n = 20) of city centre bars stratified by size (range 400-5000 square feet), were tested for air nicotine concentrations using passive samplers before and after the ban. (drugsandalcohol.ie)
Atmospheric concentrations of flame retardants, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, and pesticides were measured using passive air samplers equipped with polyurethane foam disks to find spatial information in and around Chicago, Illinois. (uiowa.edu)
active, 1 day), and that both of these measured concentrations cover about 5 orders of magnitude, the agreement between these passive and active sampling methods is excellent. (uiowa.edu)

Huironghe Technology integrates the developed PM2.5 online concentration and exposure system with motor vehicles to meet the user's experimental requirements for mobile sampling and exposure. (hrhkj.com)

In non-exposed individuals, male sex, non-Lebanese nationality and urban worksite correlated with higher hair lead concentration. (who.int)
Meta-analyses have found that exercise results in small but significant decreases of low-density-lipoprotein- and total cholesterol (2), and that smoking is associated with a small, but significant higher concentration of these lipids (3). (bmj.com)
The higher cholesterol concentration of the physically inactive, smoking and stressed individual may just be an innocent bystander telling that something is wrong. (bmj.com)
However, at higher sludge concentration (3000 mg/L), comparable to those of most sewage treatment works, propranolol was found to be readily biodegradable at 100 mg/L. Based on this information, propranolol has been assigned the risk phrase: "Propranolol is degraded in the environment. (janusinfo.se)

Pollutants5

Duration5

Median4

Plasma concentrations5

Blood-mercury concentrations3

Abstract3

Different concentrations2

Inhalation exposure2

Lower concentrations2

0.054

Urinary concentrations2

Occur5

Acute5

Secondhand smoke4

Contaminants3

Sublethal1

Serum1

Markedly3

Chronic3

Respiratory2

Predictors1

Considerably4

Aerosol1

Metabolite2

Pathway2

Toxicity2

Permissible1

Suggests4

Vapor1

Evaluate3

Occupational2

PAHs1

Indoor5

Potential exposure1

Ozone1

Variability1

Chemicals3

Epidemiology3

Effects12

Pathways3

Frequency1

Assessments3

Data8

Assess2

ATSDR's3

Maternal1

Assessment2

Dose2

Airborne1

High9

Days of exposure1

20211

IDLH1

Contaminant1

Symptoms2

Measures1

Time of exposure2

Health4

Levels2

Rats1

Assessing1

Characteristics1

Highest concentration2

Passive3

Experimental1

Higher4