Concentration of non esterified fatty acids. Medical search. Frequent questions

Outcomes of interest included disease occurrence, culling, mortality, serum concentration of glucose and non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA), milk yield (kg/d) and milk components, resumption of cyclicity, time-to-first artificial insemination (AI), conception at first AI, and conception within 150 DIM. (researchsquare.com)
Across the 3 wk after calving, cows on the SHORT treatment had higher blood non-esterified fatty acid (NEFA) and glucose, and at 1 wk after calving, these cows had a higher liver TAG than cows on the CONV treatment. (bioone.org)
2) and analyzed for blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and non-esterified fatty acid (NEFA) concentrations. (iastate.edu)
MMK-isoflurane anesthesia decreased adrenaline, noradrenaline, cortisol and non-esterified fatty acid (NEFA) levels. (chula.ac.th)
Serum was analyzed for insulin, glucose, non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA) and beta-hydroxybutyrate (BHB) levels. (arashomidi.com)
To confirm post-partum negative energy balance, NEFA (non esterified fatty acids) and IGF-I (insulin-like growth factor-I) were determined in the plasma while progesterone was evaluated in the milk whey to characterize when the cyclic ovaric activity restarted. (uniud.it)
The findings from Chapter 6 suggested that exercise related changes in plasma acylated ghrelin concentration are negatively correlated to those in circulating levels of glucose and insulin, but not those in non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA) or triglyceride. (ljmu.ac.uk)
Concentrations of some blood metabolites such as calcium (Ca), potassium (K), sodium (Na), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), albumin (Alb), glucose, cholesterol, and non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA) were monitored for changes as well. (mtsu.edu)

Plasma glucose, triglyceride, and nonesterified fatty acid concentrations were similar before and after weight gain. (avma.org)
It was obvious that chromium supplementation significantly decreased serum cholesterol and increased serum HDL cholesterol (p lt 0.05), but serum insulin, glucose, triglyceride and non-esterified fatty acid concentrations were inconsistent among dietary supplementation levels of chromium. (eurekamag.com)
After that we have triglyceride synthesis where we re-esterify the oil to add back the glycerol backbone. (corenutri.com)
Blood insulin and total protein decreased with the age of steers, but retinol, aspartic acid transaminase (AST), glucose, cholesterol and triglyceride increased. (animbiosci.org)
Focus Relief Plus provides 1620mg of re-esterified triglyceride (rTG) Omega-3 fatty acids per day with over 90% EPA and DHA, a higher concentration than other leading supplements. (dryeyedirectory.com)
DEVELOPED AND RECOMMENDED BY EYE DOCTORS: The Focus Relief Plus for retinal health and dry eye has been developed by eye doctors and formulated with higher concentrations of re-esterified triglyceride (rTG) omega-3 fatty acids, with over 90% EPA and DHA. (dryeyedirectory.com)

either in free form or in triglycerides or esterified to cholesterol. (wikipedia.org)
Esterified fatty acids were hydrolyzed from lipids such as triglycerides, phospholipids and cholesteryl esters using sequential treatment with acid then base. (cdc.gov)
The fatty acids are taken into the liver where, in a healthy liver, they are oxidized to ketone bodies or re-esterified to triglycerides (TG). (vin.com)
Adiposity (assessed via condition scoring, morphometric measurements, and subcutaneous fat depth) and plasma concentrations of insulin, glucose, nonesterified fatty acids, triglycerides, and leptin were measured on a weekly or biweekly basis. (avma.org)
Prior to and after each training period, frequently sampled IV glucose tolerance tests with minimal model analysis were performed and baseline plasma insulin, glucose, triglycerides, non-esterified fatty acids, and leptin concentrations were analyzed. (avma.org)
Maintenance of normal blood concentrations of triglycerides is another good effect of taking omega 3 fatty acids to human health. (corenutri.com)

Existing studies have confirmed that ferroptosis involves the metabolisms of the Fe, lipids, amino acid, each mechanism is mutually independent but interrelated, and they are formed a complex regulatory network. (frontiersin.org)
The saponification is an extraction step aimed at removing chlorophylls and lipids to eventually release carotenoids in a clean preparation for analysis, free from conjugated forms, fatty acids and lipids that make the chromatography separation difficult. (shimadzu.com)
Among these signaling lipids, a particular group of oxygenated polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), so called lipid mediators, has been thoroughly investigated over several decades. (cdc.gov)

Concentrations of beta-hydroxybutyrate, non-esterified fatty acids, glucose, and plasma urea nitrogen did not differ by treatment. (unl.edu)

The resulting de‑esterified metabolites are secreted out in urine. (rndsystems.com)
In the subsequent targeted metabolomics study on these selected metabolites, it was observed that N-Acetyl-D-glucosamine, L-Pipecolic acid, L-Carnitine, Phosphorylcholine, and Deoxyguanosine exhibited significant differences. (bvsalud.org)
The receiver operating characteristic curve analysis indicates a combination of three important metabolites such as N-Acetyl-D-glucosamine, L-Pipecolic acid and L-Carnitine provided the best prediction with an area under the curve of 0.901. (bvsalud.org)
Surrogate indices of insulin resistance (calculated based on the concentrations of the measured metabolites) were different between the groups on day 90, indicating decreased insulin sensitivity in the HiD cows. (ac.ir)
The results uncovered an overall decline in milk quality due to heat stress as well as an unclear relationship between heat stress treatments and variable concentrations of blood metabolites. (mtsu.edu)

Plants and algae produce furan fatty acids during the biosynthesis from polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA). (wikipedia.org)

A single bout of prolonged aerobic exercise lowers plasma TAG (triacylglycerol) concentrations the next day by increasing the efficiency of VLDL (very-low-density lipoprotein)-TAG removal from the circulation. (portlandpress.com)
Assessment of BMI, HOMA-IR, and circulating lipid (total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein, high-density lipoprotein, non-esterified fatty acids, triacylglycerol, apolipoprotein-A1 and apolipoprotein-B) concentrations, was made when fasted before (V1) and after a 12-week intervention (V2), during which participants consumed 250 ml per d of OJ or an energy and sugars-matched orange-flavoured drink (control). (nottingham.ac.uk)
Although triacylglycerol concentration was similar between the groups at both visits, a trend for the change in this variable to differ between groups was observed (P = 0.060), with those in control exhibiting a significant increase in triacylglycerol at V2, compared with V1. (nottingham.ac.uk)
Enprostil caused a significant decrease in plasma triacylglycerol and non-esterified fatty acid concentration. (elsevierpure.com)
We conclude that the administration of enprostil reduces hepatic triacylglycerol content through the decreased influx of non-esterified fatty acid. (elsevierpure.com)
Free fatty acids are either oxidized to CO 2 or ketone bodies (acetoacetate, hydroxybutyrate, and acetone), or they are esterified to triacylglycerol and phospholipid. (medscape.com)

Leptin and insulin concentrations increased with weight gain. (avma.org)
Average concentrations of retinol, leptin and insulin were 1.10 IU, 30.34 ng, and 35.35 ng per mL of blood plasma, respectively. (animbiosci.org)
Findings from Chapter 4 indicate that, unlike after diurnal exercise, circulating concentrations of acylated ghrelin and leptin during a night-shift are increased by prior evening exercise. (ljmu.ac.uk)
In the subsequent experiment involving one large meal, nocturnal concentration of serum leptin was increased by exercise but there was little effect on plasma acylated ghrelin level. (ljmu.ac.uk)

The furan fatty acids thus absorbed are incorporated into phospholipids and cholesterol esters. (wikipedia.org)
Fragmentation of PFB-fatty acid esters using negative chemical ionization (NCI) resulted in a reproducible loss of the PFB moiety giving a stable carboxylate anion (mass minus 1 amu). (cdc.gov)
They have broad substrate specificity ranging from small molecule esters such as phenylester to long chain fatty acid esters and thioesters. (rndsystems.com)
Methyl esters fatty acids analysis were carried out using the gas chromatography (GC) method with a mass selective detector and using the database library NIST 14.L to identify the compounds present in the corn seed oil.Results: Methyl esters fatty acids were identified from corn (Z. mays) seeds using the GC mass spectrometer (GC-MS) analytical method. (researchgate.net)
Fatty acids were analyzed as methyl esters on a capillary column DB-WAX 122-7062 with a good separation of palmitic acid, stearic acid, oleic acid, elaidic acid, linoleic acid, arachidic acid, and linolenic acid. (researchgate.net)
The structure of methyl esters fatty acids was determined using the GS-MS method. (researchgate.net)
Methyl esters fatty acids wer e identified from corn ( Z. mays ) seeds using the GC mass spectrometer (GC-MS) analytical method. (researchgate.net)
Parameters of lipid and glucose homeostasis, concentrations of FA in plasma cholesteryl esters (CE) and phosphatidylcholine (PC) and conjugated dienes in LDL were investigated in a group of 47 patients (9M/38F) with depression and compared with 47 control persons (16M/31F). (nel.edu)

Furan fatty acids are a group of fatty acids that contain a furan ring. (wikipedia.org)
In the following table, SIM masses are grouped by the internal standard that was used to normalize recovery for the group of fatty acids. (cdc.gov)

WAT can sense the body's energy status, and respond appropriately, either by storing fuel, in the form of triacylglycerides, or by releasing it as glycerol and fatty acids, for ultimate delivery to organs in need. (nature.com)
Glucagon does not increase plasma free fatty acid and glycerol concentrations in patients with noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. (nhri.edu.tw)

Furthermore, RPE cells actively phagocytose membrane fragments from the outer photoreceptor segment, and shuttle DHA-containing phospholipids back to the inner segment, thereby contributing to the active concentration of DHA within photoreceptor cells. (fatsoflife.com)
Compared to DHA, which makes up over half of all fatty acids esterified in phospholipids of the outer segments of photoreceptor cells, EPA is present in very low amounts. (fatsoflife.com)

RPE cells not only play an important role in recycling the active opsin pigment, 11- cis -retinal, back to photoreceptor cells, but they can also synthesize DHA from precursor fatty acids such as ALA and docosapentaenoic acid (ω-3). (fatsoflife.com)
Delta-9 desaturase (D9D) and D6D desaturase were estimated as product to precursor fatty acid ratios. (nel.edu)

Ruminal volatile fatty acid concentration and microbial synthesis were not affected by levels or sources of N in the concentrate. (researchgate.net)
However, the lower energy content of nonstructural carbohydrates compared to fats and a higher risk of rumen acidosis represents a challenge to satisfy the ruminal fermentation that leads to adequate volatile fatty acids (VFA) synthesis and lactogenesis. (researchsquare.com)
Concentrations of total volatile fatty acids, ammonia, and lactate in rumen fluid, and also concentrations of lactate, beta hydroxybutyric acid (BHBA), urea and insulin in plasma were not affected by treatment. (bioone.org)

Finally, concentration of urea nitrogen increased in mammary secretions of cows fed urea, but total content of urea nitrogen in mammary secretions did not differ between treatments. (unl.edu)
The results of metagenomic sequencing and targeted metabolome analysis together revealed that secondary bile acid (SBA) biosynthesis was significantly activated in the cows with excessive lipolysis. (biomedcentral.com)
Glucose concentrations decreased linearly in the LoD cows (P=0.039) and showed a quadratic increase in the HiD group on day 90 (P=0.028). (ac.ir)
The HiD cows had significantly higher concentrations of insulin on day 120 (P=0.017) compared to the LoD group. (ac.ir)
Elevated non-esterified fatty acid and β-hydroxybutyrate in transition dairy cows and their association with reproductive performance and disorders: a meta-analysis. (ac.ir)
Insulin response of the glucose and fatty acid metabolism in dry dairy cows across a range of body condition scores. (ac.ir)

Instead, it was formed during the sample preparation used by Morries and colleagues for the argentation chromatography by oxidation of hydroxyfatty acids, in a base-catalyzed transesterification. (wikipedia.org)
The high concentrations of polyenic fatty acids together with the exposition to light make the retina a tissue that is also sensitive to photo-oxidation. (fatsoflife.com)
At 9 and 21 days of age plasma glucose and insulin concentrations reached a plateau after the initial postprandial increase and together with a rise in respiratory quotient was indicative of a stimulation of carbohydrate oxidation. (ox.ac.uk)
The decreased insulin-to-glucagon ratio that occurs in starvation indirectly reduces the inhibition on CAT activity, thereby allowing more free fatty acids to undergo oxidation and ketone body formation. (medscape.com)

Objective -To determine the effects of diet-induced weight gain on glucose and insulin dynamics and plasma hormone and lipid concentrations in horses. (avma.org)
Obesity resulted in hyperinsulinemia and hyperleptinemia, compared with baseline values, but no changes in lipid concentrations were apparent. (avma.org)
Objective -To determine effects of exercise training without dietary restriction on adiposity, basal hormone and lipid concentrations and glucose and insulin dynamics in overweight or obese, insulin-resistant horses. (avma.org)
In experiment 2, effect of enprostil (10 μg/kg body weight) on liver enzyme activities associated with lipid metabolism and plasma lipid concentrations was examined. (elsevierpure.com)

heptaglobin, acid phosphatase, alkaline phosphatase, alanine amino transferase, aspartate amino transferase blood urea and blood urea nitrogen gets altered in animals exposed to heat stress. (allaboutfeed.net)

Hormone-sensitive lipase is normally inhibited by insulin, and, when insulin levels fall, lipolysis is up-regulated, causing release of free fatty acids from peripheral adipose tissue. (medscape.com)
This study investigated the combined effects of L-Carnitine (LC) and Conjugated Linoleic Acid (CLA) on weight loss and adipose tissue microRNA levels. (bvsalud.org)

Handwashing is defined as washing hands with water and plain soap, i.e., a detergent (esterified fatty acids and sodium or potassium hydroxide) that does not contain an antimicrobial agent or contains low concentrations of antimicrobial agents that are effective solely as preservatives. (dentalcare.com)

In AKA, the average ratio of hydroxybutyric acid (β-OH) to acetoacetic acid (5:1) tends to be higher than that which occurs in diabetic ketoacidosis (3:1). (medscape.com)
The resulting increase in the NADH/NAD + ratio inhibits hepatic gluconeogenesis and elevates the ratio of hydroxybutyric acid to acetoacetic acid. (medscape.com)

Concentrations of non-esterified fatty acids showed both linear (P=0.04) and quadratic (P=0.002) changes in the HiD group. (ac.ir)
0.01) and non-esterifide fatty acids ( P = 0.04) were decreased as the SID-Lys:ME ratio of the diet increased. (biomedcentral.com)

During early post-natal development, the large demand for DHA by photoreceptor cells is covered by DHA synthesized from alpha-linolenic acid (ALA) in the liver , as well as preformed DHA obtained from breast milk and carried via lipoprotein-mediated transport to the developing retina. (fatsoflife.com)

AKA is characterized by metabolic acidosis with an elevated anion gap, elevated serum ketone levels, and a normal or low glucose concentration. (medscape.com)

Metformin treatment of HFD rats reduced fasting insulin and non-esterified fatty acid concentrations and lowered body weight and adiposity. (edu.au)

In vivo, a reduction in mating willingness was observed after intake of furan fatty acids on female color rats. (wikipedia.org)
Chickens were found to have no adverse effects on feeding, fertility, egg weight, eggshell thickness, and other reproductive parameters after the intake of furan fatty acids. (wikipedia.org)
Omega-3 fatty acid intake has been shown to play a critical role in helping support healthy tears 1 and is recommended as part of an effective treatment plan for occasional dry eye. (dryeyedirectory.com)
In a study published in JAMA Ophthalmology, Omega-3 fatty acid intake was also associated with a decreased risk of developing sight-threatening diabetic retinopathy for individuals with Type 2 Diabetes. (dryeyedirectory.com)

The impact of supplemental zinc concentrations and either ractopamine hydrochloride or dietary energy content on blood metabolite measures P. E. Wise, R. N. Carmichael and S. L. Hansen This study researched whether increased dietary zinc supports growth within the beta-agonist cascade (Exp. (iastate.edu)
Dietary Marine ω-3 Fatty Acids and Incident Sight-Threatening Retinopathy in Middle-Aged and Older Individuals With Type 2 Diabetes Prospective Investigation From the PREDIMED Trial. (dryeyedirectory.com)
Efficacy assessment of Nutrilarm, a per os omega-3 and omega-6 polyunsaturated essential fatty acid dietary formulation versus placebo in patients with bilateral treated moderate dry eye syndrome. (dryeyedirectory.com)

Urofuran fatty acids are metabolic products of furan fatty acids and can be detected, for example, in human urine. (wikipedia.org)
Per day, a person separates between 0.5 and 3 mg of urofuran acids - the metabolic product of the furans acids. (wikipedia.org)
Intramuscular administration of 10 or 20 IU of alpha-tocopherol/kg of metabolic weight did not influence the conservation of fatty acid in the carcasses, but benefit L* and b* values. (scielo.org)

These compounds can be found in either their free form (like carotenes) or in a more stable fatty acid esterified form. (shimadzu.com)
HFD rats had elevated body weight, epididymal fat pad weight, fasting plasma insulin and free fatty acid levels when compared to ND. (edu.au)
Carnitine acyltransferase (CAT) transports free fatty acids into the mitochondria and therefore regulates their entry into the oxidative pathway. (medscape.com)

In human blood, the total furan fatty acid content is about 50 ng/ml. (wikipedia.org)
was used to measure total fatty acid concentrations in plasma. (cdc.gov)
Following base hydrolysis, the samples were re-acidified and total fatty acids were hexane-extracted from the matrix along with internal standards. (cdc.gov)
Corn oil has a high content of linoleic acid (omega 6) with a value of 52.68% of the total content of fatty acids in corn oil and 29.70% of oleic acid (omega 9) of the total content of fatty acids in corn oil. (researchgate.net)

Insulin resistance (IR), connected with altered fatty acid (FA) composition, namely with decreased proportion of polyunsaturated FA could participate in these associations. (nel.edu)
Esterified FA composition of depressive patients revealed changes, similar to those, usually observed in insulin resistance. (nel.edu)
Carcasses were stored for 24 hours under refrigeration at 2°C. Longissimus thoracis muscle pH (pH24h) and color (lightness, yellowness and redness) were analyzed and its samples were collected for evaluation of shear force (SF), cooking loss (WLC), fatty acid composition (FA) and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances after one (TBARS1m) and after five months (TBARS5m) of freezing. (scielo.org)

Maternal plasma concentrations of insulin, IGF-I and urea were significantly higher and non-esterified fatty acid concentrations significantly lower in H compared with M dams prior to slaughter on day 128 of gestation. (elsevierpure.com)

Nonetheless, extensive research has shown that, even at low levels of supplementation, fats decrease the DMI, depress ruminal fiber digestion, and are likely to produce fatty acid isomers that cause milk fat depression [18]. (researchsquare.com)

Furan fatty acids in animals are based on the uptake and accumulation of furan fatty acids from plant constituents. (wikipedia.org)
The platform's capability to maintain long-term viability and functionality of white adipocytes was confirmed by real-time monitoring of fatty acid uptake, by quantification of metabolite release into the effluent media as well as by an intact responsiveness to a therapeutic compound. (nature.com)

linoleic acid, arachidic acid, and linolenic acid. (researchgate.net)

PFB-fatty acid derivatives were injected onto a capillary gas chromatographic column to resolve individual cis -fatty acids of interest from other matrix constituents. (cdc.gov)

Plasma fatty acid profile in depressive disorder resembles insulin resistance state. (nel.edu)

The sample presented a value of 12.57% of palmitic acid.Conclusions: Corn oil shows a good content of fatty acids omega 6 and 9. (researchgate.net)
CONCLUSIONS: The present result reveals that the N-Acetyl-D-glucosamine, L-Pipecolic acid and L-Carnitine are the signature diagnostic biomarkers for oral tongue squamous cell carcinoma. (bvsalud.org)

Regulation of fat metabolism in the adipocyte is modulated by blood glucose concentration as well as hormonal, neural and pharmacological mechanisms. (vin.com)
In all age groups, glucose concentration increased after feeding and was paralleled by a rise in insulin concentration. (ox.ac.uk)

A clinical trial of isolated omega-3 fatty acids such as eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) or docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) in patients who have had a myocardial infarction previously showed no significant difference in cardiovascular effects compared to a placebo. (wikipedia.org)
Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) plays a central structural and functional role in both the sensory function of the photoreceptor cell as well as in mechanisms that protect retinal tissue from being damaged. (fatsoflife.com)

In brief, a 100µL plasma sample was spiked with 100µL of a mixture of 11 internal standards (fatty acids labeled with stable isotopes) to account for recovery. (cdc.gov)

We conclude that, in healthy untrained men, a single bout of whole-body resistance exercise lowers fasting plasma VLDL-TAG concentrations by augmenting VLDL-TAG removal from plasma. (portlandpress.com)

Furan fatty acids are found mainly in the liver fat of fish, in crustaceans and horn corals. (wikipedia.org)
In fish, the concentration of furan fatty acids is particularly high in the liver after hunger periods. (wikipedia.org)
Unrestricted release of fatty acids from excessive adipose fat promotes lipidosis because up to one third of mobilized fat may be residing in the liver at one time. (vin.com)

Health outcomes, serum metabolite concentrations, and reproductive performance were not affected by the inclusion of RPF. (researchsquare.com)

Recoveries of carotenoids depend on whether the saponification is performed or not, on the time used in the saponification procedure and the concentration of the alkaline treatments. (shimadzu.com)

Occasionally it is speculated that the health-promoting properties originally attributed to omega-3 fatty acids may not be based on themself, but on the furan fatty acids also present in the fish. (wikipedia.org)
Corn oil shows a good content of fatty acids omega 6 and 9. (researchgate.net)
The omega-3 Fatty Acids are first esterified to facilitate the purification and concentration process. (corenutri.com)
Taking about 3g of Omega-3 fatty acids EPA and DHA contributes to the maintenance of normal blood pressure. (corenutri.com)
SUPPORTS DRY EYE AND RETINAL HEALTH: Formulated with omega-3 fatty acids and 1620mg of fish oil per serving, our dry eye supplement can help support healthy tears and the occasional dry eye. (dryeyedirectory.com)
PATIENT SAFETY IS OUR FIRST PRIORITY: Made in the USA, we created our omega-3 supplement formula with omega-3 fatty acids derived from fish oils. (dryeyedirectory.com)

In a starving cat, adipocyte lipolysis is promoted due to reduced glucose availability, decreased insulin concentrations, increased concentrations of growth hormone and glucocorticoids. (vin.com)
The use of an integrated analysis showed that the reduction of plasma glycolithocholic acid and taurolithocholic acid could contribute to the immunosuppression of monocytes (CD14 + MON) during excessive lipolysis by decreasing the expression of GPBAR1 . (biomedcentral.com)
Moreover, volume depletion increases the concentration of counter-regulatory hormones, further stimulating lipolysis and ketogenesis. (medscape.com)

Plasma concentrations of T3 before feeding did not change with age, but plasma T3 levels after feeding were significantly higher in lambs aged 9 days compared with 33 and 46 days. (ox.ac.uk)

Adding a carrier protein enhances protein stability, increases shelf-life, and allows the recombinant protein to be stored at a more dilute concentration. (rndsystems.com)
Concentration of c-reactive protein. (who.int)

Arginine is an essential amino acid in the cat (easy to remember: Carnitine-Arginine-Taurine = CAT). (vin.com)
Lysine is considered the first-limiting amino acid in typical corn-soybean meal diets fed to lactating sows [ 2 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
For this reason, more research has focused on identifying the lysine requirements of lactating sows than for any other amino acid. (biomedcentral.com)

Animals are not able to synthesize furan fatty acids. (wikipedia.org)

Anatomy17

Organisms11

Diseases7

Chemicals and Drugs151

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment16

Psychiatry and Psychology1

Phenomena and Processes50

Disciplines and Occupations1

Technology, Industry, Agriculture15

Information Science4

Health Care4

NEFA8

Triglyceride6

Triglycerides6

Lipids3

Beta-hydroxybutyrate1

Metabolites5

PUFA1

Triacylglycerol6

Leptin4

Esters8

Group of fatty acids2

Glycerol2

Phospholipids2

Precursor fatty2

Volatile3

Cows6

Oxidation4

Lipid concentrations4

Urea nitrogen1

Adipose tissue2

Detergent1

Ratio of hydroxybutyric acid2

0.042

Lipoprotein1

Ketone1

Adiposity1

Intake4

Dietary3

Metabolic3

Free3

Total4

Composition3

Significantly lower1

Ruminal1

Uptake2

Linoleic Acid1

Constituents1

Insulin resistance1

Conclusions2

Glucose concentration2

Docosahexaenoic2

Stable1

Conclude1

Liver3

Reproductive performance1

Alkaline1

Omega6

Lipolysis3

Higher1

Protein2

Amino acid3

Synthesize1