The diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella (L.) (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae), is a devastating pest of cruciferous crops worldwide, and has developed resistance to a wide range of insecticides, including diacylhydrazine-based ecdysone agonists, a highly selective group of molt-accelerating biopesticides targeting the ecdysone receptors. (biomedcentral.com)
In this study, we cloned and characterized the ecdysone receptors from P. xylostella , including the two isoforms of EcR and a USP. (biomedcentral.com)
Sequence comparison and phylogenetic analysis showed striking conservations among insect ecdysone receptors, especially between P. xylostella and other lepidopterans. (biomedcentral.com)
Target site insensitivity, in which the altered binding of insecticides (ecdysone agonists) to their targets (ecdysone receptors) leads to an adaptive response (resistance), is one of the underlying mechanisms of diacylhydrazine resistance. (biomedcentral.com)
Insect3
Ecdysone is a[clarification needed] prohormone of the major insect molting hormone 20-hydroxyecdysone, secreted from the prothoracic glands. (wikipedia.org)
A significant increase of the bpm in adults exposed to high concentrations of smoked CB leachate was observed after 48 h of exposure. (easychair.org)
Their persistence and strongly lipophilic nature causes organochlorines to bio-concentrate and to further food-web magnify in high concentrations in species at the top of food webs. (encyclopedia.com)
These proteins have been identified in all taxa and present important physiological functions, including the process of insecticide detoxification in arthropods. (biomedcentral.com)
Detoxification2
Understanding the mechanism of detoxification initiation in arthropods after pesticide exposure is crucial. (bvsalud.org)
These insights not only provide a better understanding of the mechanisms of xenobiotic detoxification and metabolism in arthropods, but also are crucial in understanding adaptation in polyphagous herbivores. (bvsalud.org)
Vertebrates3
They have a moderate persistence in the environment, but are highly toxic to arthropods, and in some cases to vertebrates. (encyclopedia.com)
During embryonic development of segmented animals, body segments are thought to arise from the so-called "posterior growth zone" and the occurrence of this "zone" has been used to support the homology of segmentation between arthropods, annelids, and vertebrates. (biomedcentral.com)
The most obvious subdivision of the body into serially repeated units or segments occurs in annelids (ringed worms), panarthropods (onychophorans, tardigrades and arthropods), and chordates (including vertebrates, urochordates and cephalochordates). (biomedcentral.com)
Ecdysteroids2
Ecdysteroids act as moulting hormones of arthropods but also occur in other related phyla where they can play different roles. (wikipedia.org)
Ecdysone and other ecdysteroids also appear in many plants mostly as a protection agent (toxins or antifeedants) against herbivorous insects. (wikipedia.org)
Synthesis1
The enhancement of ecdysone is due to overexpression of two P450 genes (CYP314A1 and CYP315A1) in the ecdysone synthesis pathway. (bvsalud.org)
Insects2
Ausscheidung von Ecdyson bei Insekten" [Excretion of Ecdysone by Insects]. (wikipedia.org)
Insects ( Latin insecta ), also called insects or kerfe , are the species-richest class of arthropods (Arthropoda) and at the same time, with an absolute majority, the most species-rich class of animals at all. (zxc.wiki)
Metamorphosis1
Given the distinct differences at expression level and the ligand-binding capacity, we hypothesis that PxEcRB is the ecdysone receptor that controls the remodeling events during metamorphosis. (biomedcentral.com)
Resistance1
This is an important response of arthropods to pesticides which leads to resistance and population resurgence. (bvsalud.org)
Highly1
Cuticle is a fascinating and highly versatile composite material that constitutes the exoskeleton of arthropods. (biologists.com)
Expression1
Silencing expression of these CYP genes resulted in lower concentration of ecdysone, reduced expression of vitellogenin, and reduced fecundity of T. cinnabaribus. (bvsalud.org)
Higher2
the concentration of ecdysone is higher in the fenpropathrin-resistant strain which has stronger fecundity. (bvsalud.org)
However, both of the bioassay concentrations significantly lengthened the duration of the pupal stage in males, whereas in females, only the higher concentration did. (bioone.org)
Controls1
Armyworm food consumption was slightly reduced (by 13 to 14%) at both concentrations compared with the controls. (bioone.org)
Growth2
Larval growth was significantly affected only at the highest concentration, with a 23% reduction in larval weight after 48 h of feeding on the treated leaves and a 38% reduction after another 48 h of feeding on an untreated artificial diet. (bioone.org)
By comparing our data from Onychophora with those from annelids, arthropods, and chordates, we suggest that the occurrence of a "posterior growth zone" currently cannot be used to support the homology of segmentation between these three animal groups. (biomedcentral.com)
Receptor2
Recent data from the crustacean Daphnia magna points to three signaling hormonal pathways related to the molting and reproductive cycles [retinoic X receptor (RXR), juvenile hormone (JH), and ecdysone] as putative targets for exogenous obesogens. (nih.gov)
Co-regulation of gene transcripts suggests that TBT activates the ecdysone, JH, and RXR receptor signaling pathways, presumably through the already proposed interaction with RXR. (nih.gov)
Ecdysteroids act as moulting hormones of arthropods but also occur in other related phyla where they can play different roles. (wikipedia.org)
Analyze multiple steroid hormones at low-level concentrations. (jpneco.com)
Steroid hormones regulate many physiological processes in vertebrates, nematodes, and arthropods through binding to nuclear receptors (nr), a metazoan. (jpneco.com)