• Furthermore, the enhanced airway mucins in the MyD88- deficient mice were not due to defective secretion, as the mucin secretory capacity of MyD88-KO mice remained intact. (cdc.gov)
  • We hypothesized that comparison of the transcriptomes of the small airway epithelium of individuals that express high vs low levels of MUC5AC, the major macromolecular component of airway mucus, could be used as a probe to identify the genes related to human small airway mucus production/secretion. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Little is known about the gene networks associated with the synthesis and secretion of mucins in the human small airway epithelium. (biomedcentral.com)
  • This novel strategy enabled identification of a 73 "MUC5AC-associated core gene" list with 9 categories, which control a series of processes from mucin biosynthesis to mucus secretion. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The process of mucus production and secretion is central to the normal defense of the lung, with mucus an important component of the airway mucociliary escalator that continuously cleanses the lung of inhaled particulates, pathogens and xenobiotics [ 1 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • A number of processes are essential to maintain effective MCC including regulation of ion channel activity, ciliary beat frequency (CBF), mucin expression and secretion and mucus viscosity [ 8 ] . (encyclopedia.pub)
  • Many malignant tumors of salivary glands are characterized by abundant secretion of mucin. (bvsalud.org)
  • Mucus comprises water, glycoproteins (mucins), and ions. (bmj.com)
  • Mucins are high molecular-weight glycoproteins (120-1000 kDa) with sialylated oligosaccharides. (romj.org)
  • Mammalian mucins, glycoproteins that are major constituents of the glycocalyx that covers mucosal epithelium. (embl.de)
  • Mucins, the main constituents of the mucus layer, are glycoproteins synthesized by goblet cells. (scielo.br)
  • Composite diagram of proposed structures for typical branched oligosaccharides in human 223 and pig 219 gastric mucin glycoproteins showing the immunodeterminant blood group A and H (- - -) and I (‐ ‐ ‐) saccharide structures. (comprehensivephysiology.com)
  • MUC1 is a member of the mucin family and encodes a membrane bound, glycosylated phosphoprotein. (wikipedia.org)
  • Mucins are involved in the induction of CRC and the regulation of intestinal homeostasis but a member of the mucin gene family MUC4 has a controversial role in CRC. (bvsalud.org)
  • Mucin short variant S1 is a glycoprotein with extensive O-linked glycosylation of its extracellular domain. (wikipedia.org)
  • The mucin - type protein was used as a probe to analyze the O - glycosylation capacity of the se cell lines, which today are used for the commercial production of recombinant proteins and vaccine co mponents. (avhandlingar.se)
  • 3). Increasing terminal glycosylation on the prevailing mucin-type glycans of ldlB -DG stabilized the ensuing fragments, indicating that fragment balance, but not the original fragmentation from the protein, can be influenced from the glycosylation position from the cell. (holyexperiment.org)
  • In order to define which glycans may be implicated in the binding of the bacteria to the gastric mucosa in humans, we have characterized the exact pattern of glycosylation of gastric mucins. (pasteur.fr)
  • We have also demonstrated that around 80% of O-glycans carried blood group A, B or H antigens, suggesting that the variation of gastric mucin glycosylation between individuals is partly due to the blood group status. (pasteur.fr)
  • P - selectin glycoprotein ligand - 1 (PSGL - 1) is a mucin - type protein that is heavily substituted with O - glycans. (avhandlingar.se)
  • MUC1 is an oncogenic transmembrane glycoprotein in the mucin family found to be overexpressed in a wide variety of green trust factor malignancies and solid tumors. (infutureweb.com)
  • Singh, S. and Gaur, S. Insilico Analysis of Mucin- Binding Proteins in Lactic Acid Bacteria. (jiit.ac.in)
  • Earlier it was shown that crystals coated with plasma proteins can stimulate greater chemiluminescent response of polymorphonuclear leukocytes than untreated particles [7], but little is known about effects of adsorbed mucin. (romj.org)
  • Mucus is a hydrogel composed of water, salts, large mucin polymers, non-mucin proteins, lipids, and cellular debris [ 9 ] [ 10 ] . (encyclopedia.pub)
  • Proteins were extracted from FFPE breast cancer tissues using three extraction protocols: the Q-proteome FFPE Tissue Kit (Qiagen, Hilden, Germany) and two in-house methods using Laemmli buffer with either incubation for 20 min or 2 h at 105 °C. Two preparation methods, full-face sections and macrodissection, were used to assess the yield and quality of protein extracts. (nottingham.ac.uk)
  • 1, 2 This review approaches the role of mucin degrading enzymes from the potential interaction of micro-organisms with the cervical mucus barrier, and discusses the contribution that mucin degrading enzymes may make to microbial colonisation of the reproductive tract. (bmj.com)
  • The proinflammatory effect of mucin-coated particles is still unclear, and our aim was to study the role of mucin sorption in activation of neutrophil respiratory burst. (romj.org)
  • Mucin short variant S1, also called polymorphic epithelial mucin (PEM) or epithelial membrane antigen (EMA), is a mucin encoded by the MUC1 gene in humans. (wikipedia.org)
  • Mucins line the apical surface of epithelial cells in the lungs, stomach, intestines, eyes and several other organs. (wikipedia.org)
  • Synovial sarcomas encompass both biphasic (epithelial and spindle cell components) and monophasic (purely spindle cell) variants. (medscape.com)
  • There were scant epithelial components with residual normal ductules among chondromyxoid stroma, epithelial cells intermingled with mucin-positive cells, and calcified areas merging with viable and necrotic tumor. (scirp.org)
  • The level II lymph node showed discrete nodules resembling granulomas, flanked by histiocytes with metastatic epithelial components and negative mucicarmine stain ( Figure 2 ). (scirp.org)
  • [ 2 ] The arachnoid cells have several proposed functions, including acting as a structural barrier with cellular wrapping/ensheathing, acting as a conduit for cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) drainage/absorption into dural sinuses/veins (arachnoid villi), epithelial-like/secretory functions, monocytelike functions, trophic support and byproduct detoxification for glial and neuronal cells, and participation in reactive/reparative processes. (medscape.com)
  • Mucinous cystic neoplasms are composed epithelial-lined cysts that produce mucin. (surgpath4u.com)
  • Φ Mucinous cystic neoplasms are comprised of epithelial cells that produce mucin, an ovarian-type stroma, arise in the tail of the pancreas and do not communicate with pancreatic ducts. (surgpath4u.com)
  • Cordier first described gastrointestinal tumors containing epithelial and neuroendocrine components in 1924, and in the years since, many different terms have been used to describe this hybrid tumor [ 2 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Papillary cystadenocarcinoma, in turn, comprises an extremely rare lesion, accounting for 0.5% of all epithelial lesions affecting the salivary glands 2 and according to the second largest survey on cystadenocarcinomas described in the literature, the highest prevalence is also observed in the major salivary glands 3 . (bvsalud.org)
  • Microscopically, it is formed by large mucin lakes surrounded by mucus-producing cancer cells. (radiopaedia.org)
  • Krukenberg tumors are metastatic tumors to the ovary that contain well-defined histological characteristics (mucin-secreting "signet ring" cells) and usually originate in the gastrointestinal tract 4 . (radiopaedia.org)
  • Mucoepidermoid carcinoma, salivary duct carcinoma, and cystadenocarcinoma are part of this group of mucin-producing tumors, among others. (bvsalud.org)
  • The epithelium is usually columnar with apical mucin, but some cases can contain intestinal type epithelium with goblet cells and even Paneth cells may be present. (surgpath4u.com)
  • Mammalian alpha-tectorin, which is one of the major non-collagenous components of the tectorial membrane. (embl.de)
  • When MEC appears as asymptomatic swellings in minor salivary glands, being the second most common site of occurrence after the parotid gland, it can be located on palate, in retromolar area, floor of mouth, buccal mucosa, lips, and tongue [2-5]. (9lib.co)
  • Adhesion of the bacteria to the gastric mucosa is a necessary prerequisite for the pathogenesis of H. pylori-related diseases and is mediated by mucin O-glycans. (pasteur.fr)
  • Thus, the mucin-coated CP has the potential to contribute to gallstone-associated cholecystitis via oxidative damage of mucosa and epithelium. (romj.org)
  • Mucin, a major component of mucosa, is not only absorbed by these particles but is also actively incorporated [2, 4]. (romj.org)
  • Influence of the application of enemas with oily extract of curcumin ( Curcuma longa ) on the tissue content of neutral and acidic mucins in the colonic mucosa without fecal stream ☆ ☆ Study conducted at Universidade São Francisco (USF), Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Laboratório de Investigação Médica (LIM), Bragança Paulista, SP, Brazil. (scielo.br)
  • To verify if the application of enemas containing oily extracts of curcumin preserves the tissue content of mucins in the glands of the colonic mucosa without fecal stream. (scielo.br)
  • Tissue quantification of neutral and acid mucins in the mucosa of the colon with and without fecal stream in rats. (scielo.br)
  • Mucosa was formalin fixed, embedded in paraffin wax, and sections were stained with periodic acid‐Schiff stain for mucin. (comprehensivephysiology.com)
  • Mucin 4 (MUC4) is a transmembrane mucin that, like most mucins, is not expressed in normal hematopoietic cells, but little is known about its expression in malignant hematopoiesis. (bvsalud.org)
  • Mucins protect the body from infection by pathogen binding to oligosaccharides in the extracellular domain, preventing the pathogen from reaching the cell surface. (wikipedia.org)
  • Close inspection is often required to elucidate the intracytoplasmic mucin , seen as a faint blue tinge along the apical portion of some of the cells. (surgpath4u.com)
  • ODE primarily increased mucin (Muc)5ac levels relative to Muc5b. (cdc.gov)
  • Mucinous cystadenocarcinoma account for about a fifth of appendix tumours, these produces mucin (a jelly-like substance). (cancerindex.org)
  • On ultrasound, mucinous carcinomas often display mixed echogenicity with mixed solid and cystic components. (radiopaedia.org)
  • A pure mucinous subtype carries a relatively good prognosis compared to other adenocarcinomas: 5-year survival 95% (stage 2), 75% (stage 3), 35% (stage 4). (radiopaedia.org)
  • The deep parotid lesion contained epidermoid and mucinous components whereas the neck mass solely contained an epidermoid component. (scirp.org)
  • Mucinous cystic neoplasms are almost always macrocystic, surrounded by a thick fibrotic capsule, elaborate tenacious mucin in some of the cysts, and do not communicate with the pancreatic ductal system. (surgpath4u.com)
  • To estimate quantities of sampled virus, we analyzed air samples collected at 0, 3, or 8 hours postaerosolization by quantitative reverse transcription PCR for the SARS-CoV-2 envelope (E) gene to quantify the genome copies within the samples. (cdc.gov)
  • Immune escape is mainly caused by histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I, abnormal antigen signaling mechanism, immunosuppressive components (such as HLA-G), Fas and its ligands to activate apoptosis and overexpression of other immunosuppressive molecules, such as lymphocyte activation gene 3 (LAG-3), T cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain 3 (TIM-3) ( Steven and Seliger, 2018 ). (techscience.com)
  • A. naeslundii, which was formerly referred to as genospecies 1 , and A. oris bind to PRPs and statherin, a phosphate-containing protein in salivary components [ 1 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Enemas with curcumin preserve the content of neutral and acidic mucins in the colonic epithelium without fecal stream. (scielo.br)
  • 2 2 Gaudier E, Hoebler C. Physiological role of mucins in the colonic barrier integrity. (scielo.br)
  • We have identified that the major component was always a core 2-based glycan carrying two blood group H antigens, whatever was the blood group of individuals. (pasteur.fr)
  • The QC data showed that while IgG binding to some of the antigens (CA5.3) was below precision range at the 250x dilution, both the 10x and 50x dilutions chosen for the screening of all NHANES samples generated reliably reproducible signal of IgG binding to all three mucin antigens. (cdc.gov)
  • To determine the remaining concentration of infectious SARS-CoV-2 virions, we titrated samples on standard Vero E6 cells. (cdc.gov)
  • At pathological examination, the dominant feature is the presence of mucin within and surrounding cancer cells. (radiopaedia.org)
  • In paper II, genetically engineered Chinese Hamster Ovary (CHO) cells were used to produce PSGL - 1/mIgG 2b carrying blood group A and B determinants on type 1, 2 and 3 outer core saccharide chains. (avhandlingar.se)
  • Although both neuraminidases could actually remove azido-sialic acidity from ManNAz-treated CHO cells, just the VC neuraminidase was with the capacity of eliminating the 60-kDa music group in Lp-PLA2 -IN-1 GalNAz-treated ldlB cells (Fig. 3neuraminidase (= 2). (holyexperiment.org)
  • 2). The cells had been treated with or without neuraminidase (120 milliunits/ml) ahead of lysis. (holyexperiment.org)
  • 2). Furin inhibition leads to a comparable upsurge in the obvious molecular pounds of -DG in both WT CHO and ldlB cells. (holyexperiment.org)
  • The glycoconjugates, which are essential components of the glycocalyx of many cell types, take part in many functions, including osmoregulation, cell to cell recognition, binding of hormones, protection of cells from phagocytosis and dehydration, differentiation, defense, and ion transport [ 8 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • Among the SCFAs, acetic, butyric and propionic acids and a mixture of acetic, butyric and propionic acids induced the type 1 and type 2 fimbriae-dependent and independent INAC by live A. oris , but these cells did not interact with streptococci. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Mucinases are enzymes capable of degrading mucins (the complex high molecular weight molecules that are the major non-aqueous components of mucous gels). (bmj.com)
  • We have previously shown that agricultur al organic dust extract (ODE), with abundant microbial component diversity, activates TLR-induced airway inflammation. (cdc.gov)
  • Methods Pathways governing airway mucus cell differentiation include SRY (sex determining region Y)-box 2 (SOX2), Notch, forkhead box A3(FOXA3)/SAM pointed domain containing ETS transcription factor (SPDEF), epidermal growth factor (EGF) and the EGF-related neuregulins NRG1α and NRG1β. (bmj.com)
  • The identification of the genes associated with increased airway mucin production in humans should be useful in understanding the pathogenesis of airway mucus hypersecretion and identifying therapeutic targets. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Coronavirus Disease-19 (COVID-19), caused by the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), was first reported in China in December 2019 (International Society for Infectious Diseases, 2019). (food.gov.uk)
  • K. Chakravarty and S. Gaur , "Role of Probiotics in Prophylaxis of Helicobacter pylori Infection", Current pharmaceutical biotechnology, 20(2), 137-145, 2019. (jiit.ac.in)
  • CT appearances can be indistinguishable from primary ovarian carcinoma 2 . (radiopaedia.org)
  • [ 1 , 2 ] The term "pseudomesotheliomatous carcinoma" was first applied by Harwood and colleagues in 1976 to 6 cases of peripheral lung adenocarcinoma that closely mimicked mesothelioma. (medscape.com)
  • It plays an important regulatory role in various physiological pathways (Table 1) and is considered a major component of the preimmune innate defense in mammals (Naidu, 2000). (ift.org)
  • Immunostaining for components of those pathways and mucins were performed on lung tissue obtained from patients with IPF (n=20), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (n=13), idiopathic pulmonary artery hypertension (n=5) and from organ donors (n=6). (bmj.com)
  • Commercial arrangements of neuraminidase contain residual protease activity, as the enzyme can be purified from components. (holyexperiment.org)
  • AU) neuraminidase, nevertheless, can be prepared like a recombinant protein and without the protease pollutants within components as a result. (holyexperiment.org)
  • The possible contribution of mucin degrading enzymes to the pathogenesis of infection is, therefore, not to be underestimated. (bmj.com)
  • Adsorption of mucin by hydroxyapatite is related mainly to Ca-dependent electrostatic interactions between calcium ions and COO- of mucin [5]. (romj.org)
  • Mucoadhesion: mucin-polymer molecular interactions. (lu.se)
  • [ 1 , 2 ] Dry eye disease is a common form of ocular surface disease (OSD) and may overlap with other causes of OSD, such as limbal steam cell insufficiency and ocular graft-versus-host disease. (medscape.com)
  • The mucin to cell ratio can vary from lesion to lesion. (radiopaedia.org)
  • Actinomyces oris is an early colonizer and has two types of fimbriae on its cell surface, type 1 fimbriae (FimP and FimQ) and type 2 fimbriae (FimA and FimB), which contribute to the attachment and coaggregation with other bacteria and the formation of biofilm on the tooth surface, respectively. (biomedcentral.com)
  • A. oris have two functionally and antigenically distinct types of important fimbriae on the cell surface: type 1 and type 2 fimbriae are formed by the shaft fimbrillins, FimP and FimA, and the tip fimbrillins, FimQ and FimB, respectively [ 22 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Genetic predisposition for beta cell fragility underlies type 1 and type 2 diabetes. (infutureweb.com)
  • Colons were scored for preneoplastic lesions: aberrant crypt foci (ACF) and mucin-depleted foci (MDF). (univ-toulouse.fr)
  • Within the lung, serine, cysteine and metalloproteases have received the most attention to date [ 1 ] [ 2 ] . (encyclopedia.pub)
  • PSGL - 1 genetically fused to mouse IgG 2b Fc forms a dimeric PSGL - 1/mIgG 2b mucin - type fusion protein. (avhandlingar.se)
  • Most imaging features are non-specific, consisting of predominantly solid components or a mixture of cystic and solid areas. (radiopaedia.org)
  • Partial or complete degradation of mucin molecules by microbial enzymes is often a fundamental step in disruption of defensive mucosal barriers, as these constitute direct interfaces between internal and external environments. (bmj.com)
  • Many factors have contributed to the persistence and increase in the occurrence of infectious diseases, such as societal changes, health care, food production, human behaviour, environmental change, public health infrastructure and microbial adaptation [2]. (who.int)
  • Mucin is considered rather as a coating preventing excessive activation of neutrophils induced by bacteria [8] or polymer surfaces [9]. (romj.org)
  • The aim of the present work was to investigate the chemiluminescence (CL) of neutrophils activated with calcium phosphate particles coated with mucin. (romj.org)
  • 5 μm) containing SARS-CoV-2 with a 3-jet Collison nebulizer and fed them into a Goldberg drum to create an aerosolized environment ( Video ), using an initial virus stock of 10 5.75 -10 6 50% tissue-culture infectious dose (TCID 50 ) per mL. (cdc.gov)
  • Axial plain CT examination showed a moderately enhancing soft-tissue density lesion extending posteriorly and inferiorly destroy- ing the hard palate and the alveolar process (Figure 2). (9lib.co)
  • There was an increase in the tissue content of neutral mucins in animals treated with curcumin at a concentration of 50 mg/kg/day for four weeks, whereas in the group treated with 200 mg/kg/day there was an increase independent of the time of intervention. (scielo.br)
  • Overall, the results reported here give us the necessary background information to begin studies to determine whether individuals who express certain carbohydrate epitopes on specific mucins are predisposed to certain gastric diseases. (pasteur.fr)
  • SARS-CoV-2 variant exponential decay in aerosolized form and corresponding half-lives. (cdc.gov)
  • Strong contrast enhancement is usually seen in the solid component or the wall of the intratumoral cyst 5 . (radiopaedia.org)
  • After 2 weeks, DNA was extracted from the samples and analysed using endpoint PCR, revealing a sub-clinical infection with Salmonella spp. (imperial.ac.uk)
  • Mucin 4 (MUC4) acts as pancreatic cancer (PC) tumor antigen and influences PC progression. (bvsalud.org)
  • We evaluated the stability of SARS-CoV-2 variants in aerosols and on high-density polyethylene (to represent a common surface) and estimated their decay rates by using a Bayesian regression model ( Appendix ). (cdc.gov)
  • To check robustness, we also titrated the samples on 2 Vero E6 TMPRSS2-expressing lines, yielding similar results ( Appendix ). (cdc.gov)
  • CP were incubated in mucin or human serum albumin (HSA) giving CP-Muc and CP-HSA. (romj.org)
  • Objective - Mucin can promote formation of gallstones via precipitation with calcium phosphate. (romj.org)
  • On MRI, they are one of the few cancers that have very high signal intensity on T2-weighted images 2 which relates to the water component in mucin. (radiopaedia.org)
  • Then a water solution (100 mL) of 6.24 g NaH 2 PO 4 ∙2H 2 O (purum) was added dropwise within an hour and obtained mixture was gently refluxed for 3 days. (romj.org)
  • A quality control (QC) pooled sample was generated from pooling equal volumes of serum samples from ovarian cancer cases and split aliquots of the QC pool were tested at three different dilutions (2, 10, 50 and 250-fold) in triplicate on each assay plate to determine intra- and inter-assay variation. (cdc.gov)