AnatomyOrganismsDiseasesChemicals and DrugsAnalytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and EquipmentPhenomena and ProcessesInformation ScienceHealth CareGeographicals
CholangitisPancreatitisCholangitis, SclerosingPancreatitis, ChronicPancreatitis, Acute NecrotizingPancreatitis, AlcoholicCholangiopancreatography, Endoscopic RetrogradePostoperative ComplicationsAcute DiseaseCeruletidePancreasAmylasesLiver Cirrhosis, BiliaryBile DuctsCholagogues and CholereticsCholestasisGallstonesCholangiographyBiliary Tract DiseasesSphincterotomy, EndoscopicCholangiopancreatography, Magnetic ResonanceBile Ducts, IntrahepaticTrypsinogenDrainageUrsodeoxycholic AcidBile Duct NeoplasmsTokyoPancreatic DiseasesBile Duct DiseasesCholedochostomyCommon Bile DuctTreatment OutcomePancreatic DuctsRetrospective StudiesCholelithiasisCholangiocarcinomaCholecystectomyPancreatic PseudocystPortoenterostomy, HepaticCommon Bile Duct DiseasesAutoimmune DiseasesLiver TransplantationCholecystitis, AcuteJejunostomyJaundice, ObstructiveHepatitis, AutoimmuneAdenoma, Bile DuctCholecystitisBiliary AtresiaCholedocholithiasisAmpulla of VaterFollow-Up StudiesChronic DiseaseRecurrenceTime FactorsBiliary TractColitis, UlcerativeJaundiceIntraoperative ComplicationsConstriction, PathologicLipasePancreatic Function TestsPancreatic NeoplasmsPancreas, ExocrineLithiasisEndoscopy, Digestive SystemTomography, X-Ray ComputedLiver DiseasesAbdominal PainHepatic Duct, CommonBiliary Tract Surgical ProceduresRisk FactorsCholestasis, ExtrahepaticBileAcinar CellsCholedochal CystEndoscopySclerosisHyperamylasemiaSeverity of Illness IndexProspective StudiesCaroli DiseaseBiliary Tract NeoplasmsLiverAnastomosis, Roux-en-YBile Ducts, ExtrahepaticPancreatectomyPregnancy ComplicationsPancreatic JuiceNecrosisCatheterizationTaurocholic AcidReoperationPancreaticojejunostomyDiabetes ComplicationsDisease Models, AnimalGallbladderCholecystectomy, LaparoscopicGabexateDilatation
ERCPEndoscopicPerforationGallbladderAcute pancreatitisPostoperative ComplicationsObstructivePancreaticSymptomsCholedocholithiasisLiverChronic pancreatitisHemorrhageInfection of the biliarySevere complicationsSepsisObstructionPancreasAbscessesDiagnosisBile ductsGallstones includePatientsMortalityPyogenicEither acute or chronicGallstoneRecurrentAsymptomaticDrainagePercutaneousClinicalOccurCholangiocarcinomaMulticenterRarelyOverall complicationsInterventionDiseaseMyocardial infarctionNecrosisCholecystitis include
ERCP30
  • Cirrhosis may increase the risk of complications from endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP), according to a retrospective study involving almost 700 patients. (medscape.com)
  • Further analysis showed that, in patients without cirrhosis, diagnostic-only ERCP and underlying chronic obstructive pulmonary disease were associated with high rates of complications ( P = .039 and P = .003, respectively). (medscape.com)
  • The results of our study reaffirm that liver cirrhosis has an impact on the occurrence of complications during ERCP," Bernshteyn said. (medscape.com)
  • Child-Pugh class seems to be more reliable as compared to MELD score in predicting complications of ERCP in cirrhosis patients," she added. (medscape.com)
  • The present] study is important as it highlights the fact that ERCP is associated with significant complications in cirrhotic patients compared to those without cirrhosis," Navaneethan said when asked to comment. (medscape.com)
  • Also, Child-Pugh score appeared to be more reliable than MELD score in predicting complications of ERCP in cirrhotic patients. (medscape.com)
  • Cite this: Cirrhosis, Child-Pugh Score Predict ERCP Complications - Medscape - Nov 04, 2020. (medscape.com)
  • Analyses of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) complication are often constrained by the number of endpoints observed. (nih.gov)
  • This large-scale study aimed to identify the principal risk factors for ERCP complication. (nih.gov)
  • This was a prospective multicenter study of ERCP complications, based in five English regions. (nih.gov)
  • Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) is associated with a spectrum of complications such as pancreatitis, hemorrhage, perforation, and cardiopulmonary events. (koreamed.org)
  • Complications of ERCP have been better understood in the past decade, with adoption of standardized consensus-based definitions of complications and introduction of new recommendations to minimize risks of ERCP. (koreamed.org)
  • Complication rates of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) vary widely, even between apparently similar prospective studies. (koreamed.org)
  • 2 in another similar study, post procedure pancreatitis rates were 5.1% (7 fold higher) for diagnostic ERCP and 6.9% (5 fold higher) for therapeutic ERCP. (koreamed.org)
  • 2 - 9 There is a particularly high rate of complications (up to 20% or more, primarily pancreatitis, with up to 5% severe complications) for ERCP and sphincterotomy for suspected sphincter of Oddi dysfunction. (koreamed.org)
  • Cholangitis occurs mostly after ERCP in patients with malignant biliary obstruction and/or failed drainage, or after stent malfunction or occlusion. (koreamed.org)
  • In turn, the ERCP case volume of the endoscopists or medical centers, when examined, has almost always been a significant factor in complications by both univariate or multivariable analysis. (koreamed.org)
  • Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP)-related complications should be promptly and properly managed in accordance with the type and severity of the complication and the comorbidity of the patient. (sch.ac.kr)
  • Relatively common adverse events related to endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) include pancreatitis, cholangitis and bleeding. (sch.ac.kr)
  • Because the endoscopist can consider deep sedation to be simply due to excessive dose of the sedative and long procedure time especially in a patient without abnormal neurologic sign and vital sign after ERCP, they may not be aware of the possible occurrence of post-procedure neurologic complications such as air embolism or ischemic cerebrovascular accident [ 3 , 4 ]. (sch.ac.kr)
  • This is a case report of a rare occurrence of fatal multiple septic cerebral infarctions in which diagnosis was made1 2 hours after ERCP in a patient with cholangitis because the patient's vital signs were stable and exhibited no abnormal neurologic sign before the onset of seizures. (sch.ac.kr)
  • SUMMARY BACKGROUND DATA: The role of early endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) in acute biliary pancreatitis (ABP) remains controversial. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Conservative treatment or ERCP within 72 hours after symptom onset (at discretion of the treating physician) were compared for complications and mortality. (ox.ac.uk)
  • In patients with cholestasis, ERCP (52/78 patients: 67%), as compared with conservative treatment, was associated with fewer complications (25% vs. 54%, P = 0.020, multivariate adjusted odds ratio [OR]: 0.35, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.13-0.99, P= 0.049). (ox.ac.uk)
  • CONCLUSIONS: Early ERCP is associated with fewer complications in predicted severe ABP if cholestasis is present. (ox.ac.uk)
  • ERCP/cholecystectomy), or previous cholangitis . (teachmesurgery.com)
  • The gold standard investigation for cholangitis is ERCP , as it is both diagnostic and therapeutic. (teachmesurgery.com)
  • Figure 3 - ERCP showing an obstruction in the biliary tree, resulting in cholangitis. (teachmesurgery.com)
  • However, smoking was associated with a higher risk of complications and a greater need for ERCP and early ERCP. (annalsgastro.gr)
  • Surgical treatment choices are based on the patient's clinical condition: less radical surgical procedures such as endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) are done emergently in sick patients with ascending cholangitis or gall stone pancreatitis. (learnsurgeryonline.com)
Endoscopic7
  • They have a broad range of biliary endoscopic applications, including the treatment of strictures, biliary leak, and post-sphincterotomy bleeding. (wjgnet.com)
  • These technical factors include difficult cannulation, use of precut or "access" papillotomy to gain bile duct entry, failure to achieve biliary drainage, and use of simultaneous or subsequent percutaneous biliary drainage for otherwise failed endoscopic cannulation. (koreamed.org)
  • Early endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography in predicted severe acute biliary pancreatitis: a prospective multicenter study. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Acute cholangitis caused by an obstructing gallstone should be treated by endoscopic removal of the stone under antibiotic coverage as soon as possible. (mhmedical.com)
  • The definitive management of cholangitis is via endoscopic biliary decompression , removing the cause of the blocked biliary tree. (teachmesurgery.com)
  • Biliary leaks after HJS represent a major complication leading to relevant clinical problems: the postoperative mortality rate could reach 70% for surgical re-intervention, whereas endoscopic management is technically difficult due to the postoperative anatomy. (mdpi.com)
  • In patients with strictures below the hilum of the liver, endoscopic drainage achieves a high rate of success, is associated with fewer complications than percutaneous intervention, and avoids the discomfort of a percutaneous biliary catheter. (kipdf.com)
Perforation2
  • the development of complications such as gangrene or perforation renders the prognosis less favorable. (medscape.com)
  • The more severe but rare and sometimes fatal complications include sedation-related cardiopulmonary compromise, bowel perforation, necrotizing pancreatitis, and systemic air embolism [ 1 , 2 ]. (sch.ac.kr)
Gallbladder8
Acute pancreatitis12
Postoperative Complications1
  • It covers the most common problems in thoracic, obstetric, gynecologic, anorectal, vascular and skin surgery and also includes chapters on postoperative complications in bariatric surgery, antibiotic management, nutrition and interventional radiology in acute care surgery. (nshealth.ca)
Obstructive2
  • Obstructive jaundice is the most common presenting symptom, which is associated with pruritus, recurrent attacks of cholangitis, and liver dysfunction that dramatically affect the life quality of patients. (scirp.org)
  • Hepaticojejunostomy (HJS) is an essential component of many surgical procedures, including pancreaticoduodenectomy for benign and malignant neoplasms, resection of bile duct tumors, liver transplantation, palliative treatment for unresectable obstructive tumors, and surgical procedures for chronic pancreatitis or choledocholithiasis [ 1 ]. (mdpi.com)
Pancreatic3
  • Chronic pancreatitis is a syndrome of destructive and inflammatory conditions resulting from long-standing pancreatic injury. (pocketdrugguide.com)
  • In most individuals, chronic pancreatitis is progressive and loss of pancreatic function is irreversible. (pocketdrugguide.com)
  • Results Sixty-two patients underwent biliary stenting alone, 5 patients underwent both biliary and pancreatic stenting, and 237 patients were not stented in the adenocarcinoma group without chronic pancreatitis. (thieme-connect.de)
Symptoms14
  • [4] Other conditions that produce similar symptoms include appendicitis , stomach ulcers , pancreatitis , and gastroesophageal reflux disease . (wikipedia.org)
  • Symptoms of these complications may include pain that lasts longer than five hours, fever, yellowish skin, vomiting, dark urine, and pale stools. (wikipedia.org)
  • Other symptoms may include fever, as well as referred pain between the shoulder blades or below the right shoulder. (wikipedia.org)
  • Although most infected people have low-intensity infections and are asymptomatic during the acute phase, ≈17.5% of patients with high-intensity infections can experience clinical manifestations, including abdominal pain and other gastrointestinal symptoms, marked eosinophilia, fever, respiratory symptoms (e.g., cough), and urticaria. (cdc.gov)
  • If this happens, gallstone symptoms may then include the following. (bupa.co.uk)
  • However, almost all patients develop symptoms before complications, such as steady pain in the right hypochondrium or epigastrium, nausea, vomiting, and fever. (medscape.com)
  • It has over 40,000 names organized biliary sludge symptoms different categories, including Unisex, Boys' Names, and Girls' Names. (northrichlandhillsdentistry.com)
  • Signs and symptoms Complications. (northrichlandhillsdentistry.com)
  • If cholelithiasis causes symptoms or complications, cholecystectomy is necessary. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Symptoms of acute cholecystitis include fever, chills, nausea, vomiting, loss of appetite and intense pain in the upper stomach or mid-right back. (twinester.com)
  • In this article we will tackle down all about gallstones - what they are, how they form and why, what symptoms they cause, what are the treatment options, what health complications they can cause and what diet is best suited for them. (icloudhospital.com)
  • Other symptoms may include shortness of breath, dizziness and nausea. (healthhype.com)
  • The last three symptoms on this list are mostly associated with acute cholangitis. (alcoholrehab.com)
  • If doctors sever it during surgery, you can expect life-threatening symptoms which could leave you with jaundice, cholangitis, or even pancreatitis. (nancy-rubin.com)
Choledocholithiasis2
  • Choledocholithiasis occurs when the stone becomes lodged in the common bile duct, with the potential sequelae of cholangitis and ascending infections. (medscape.com)
  • Choledocholithiasis is frequently associated with obstruction of the bile ducts, which can lead to cholangitis, from the Greek: chol- + ang- (ἄγγος, 'vessel') + -itis (-ῖτις, 'inflammation'), a serious infection of the bile ducts. (wikipedia.org)
Liver9
  • Risk factors for biliary colic and cholecystitis include pregnancy, elderly population, obesity, certain ethnic groups (Northern European and Hispanic), weight loss, and liver transplant patients. (medscape.com)
  • Lab studies that should be ordered include a complete blood count , liver function tests and lipase . (wikipedia.org)
  • Liver abscesses and pancreatitis also have been linked to chronic clonorchiasis, as has developmental delay in children with high-intensity infections. (cdc.gov)
  • Primary biliary cholangitis, previously called primary biliary cirrhosis, is a chronic disease in which the bile ducts in your liver are slowly destroyed. (northrichlandhillsdentistry.com)
  • Other laboratory derangements include the degree of liver enzymes, bilirubin elevations, etc. (oh-mygut.com)
  • Recently, it has been determined that the term cholangiohepatitis should probably be replaced by cholangitis because, in cats, inflammation in the liver itself, separate from the bile system is not consistently found. (vin.com)
  • Chronic cholangitis (associated with infection by creatures called liver flukes that is common in tropical areas but rare in other places). (vin.com)
  • Antibiotics also clear the liver of invading bacteria, which is what cholangitis is all about. (vin.com)
  • While still not fully understood, there is a suspected relationship between pancreatitis in cats and inflammation in neighbouring organs including the liver and/or gastrointestinal tract. (dvm360.com)
Chronic pancreatitis3
Hemorrhage1
Infection of the biliary1
Severe complications1
  • These severe complications necessitate prompt rescue intervention or surgery because delayed recognition and management can lead to catastrophic morbidity and mortality. (sch.ac.kr)
Sepsis2
  • Although uncommon, there have been reports of complications including sepsis, bleeding, intraperitoneal abscesses, and peritonitis in around 2% of cholangiographies, and up to 8% of therapeutic interventions [ 3 ]. (jwmr.org)
  • Patients with cholangitis may present with sepsis , so should be managed promptly, appropriately and often in a higher level of care. (teachmesurgery.com)
Obstruction5
  • Recurrent pyogenic cholangitis (RPC) is characterized by a recurrent syndrome of bacterial cholangitis that occurs in association with intrahepatic pigment stones and intrahepatic biliary obstruction. (medscape.com)
  • Recurrent episodes of cholangitis develop in the absence of extrahepatic biliary obstruction (EHBO) as a result of pyogenic bile duct infection. (medscape.com)
  • Pigment stone formation then leads to recurrent biliary obstruction with the characteristic consequence of suppurative cholangitis. (medscape.com)
  • Repeated portal bacteremia, in turn, results in the cascade of events characterized by biliary stasis, obstruction, and stone formation, which consequently result as recurrent pyogenic cholangitis (RPC). (medscape.com)
  • BILIARY DRAINAGE FOR MALIGNANT STRICTURES Biliary obstruction is potentially fatal because of the adverse pathologic effects including depressed immunity, impaired phagocytic activity, reduced Kupffer cell function, and paucity of bile salts reaching the gut, with consequent endotoxemia, septicemia, and renal failure. (kipdf.com)
Pancreas4
Abscesses2
  • Morbidity is related to recurrent biliary infection and may manifest as pancreatobiliary abnormalities, such as pancreatitis, biliary fistulae, hepatic abscesses, and suppurative cholangitis. (medscape.com)
  • Though there have been several cases of intraperitoneal abscesses, extraperitoneal complications are relatively rare. (jwmr.org)
Diagnosis2
  • CT scanning is a secondary imaging test that can identify extrabiliary disorders and complications of acute cholecystitis when US has not yielded a clear diagnosis. (medscape.com)
  • Cholangitis is not a complete diagnosis, as there is nearly always an underlying cause that should be identified and treated. (teachmesurgery.com)
Bile ducts2
Gallstones include1
Patients8
  • No specific complications were significantly more common in patients with cirrhosis than in those without cirrhosis. (medscape.com)
  • In patients with cirrhosis, 41.18% of Child-Pugh class C patients had complications, compared with 15.15% of class B patients and 19.30% of class A patients ( P = .010). (medscape.com)
  • Data extracted from the studies were used to calculate Mean Differences (MD). Seventeen studies were included, with a total of 2284 patients (EBD = 1239, PTBD = 1045). (bvsalud.org)
  • A cause cannot be identified in some patients (idiopathic pancreatitis). (pocketdrugguide.com)
  • Previous studies have included only a relatively small number of patients with predicted severe ABP. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Six studies with a total of 337 500 patients (PC 10 045, CC 327 455) were included for meta-analysis. (aerzteblatt.de)
  • Only articles comparing CC and PC for the definitive management of critically ill patients with AC were included for meta-analysis. (aerzteblatt.de)
  • It may occur as a complication of burns or multiple trauma, and patients are very ill on presentation. (learnsurgeryonline.com)
Mortality3
  • Moreover, post-operative major complications and 30-days mortality showed no significant differences among patient groups. (scirp.org)
  • Conclusions This study found no difference in mortality, LOS, or MIC in acute cholangitis-related hospitalizations associated with smoking. (annalsgastro.gr)
  • Gallstone disease is a major cause pain, pancreatitis or any other diseases, and of morbidity, and sometimes mortality, family history of diseases, especially gall- throughout the world. (who.int)
Pyogenic2
Either acute or chronic1
  • Загальні відомості про панкреатит Pancreatitis is classified as either acute or chronic. (msdmanuals.com)
Gallstone2
Recurrent1
  • Predominantly coliform-type bacteria are seeded into the biliary system, and, as a consequence, a cascade of stone formation and recurrent cholangitis is initiated. (medscape.com)
Asymptomatic1
Drainage6
  • This retrospective study included 6 children with choledochal cyst who underwent initial US-guided percutaneous external drainage and subsequent cyst excision with Roux-en-Y hepaticojejunostomy between January 2021 and September 2022. (biomedcentral.com)
  • No related complications of US-guided percutaneous external drainage occurred during hospitalization. (biomedcentral.com)
  • There was no statistical difference between the groups regarding: technical success, post-drainage bleeding, major post-drainage complications, and seeding metastases. (bvsalud.org)
  • She had been diagnosed with cholangitis by magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography, and had been receiving biliary drainage via PTBD for 7 days after which the infection signs were noticed. (jwmr.org)
  • Background Surgeons and endoscopists welcome routine preoperative biliary drainage prior to pancreaticoduodenectomy despite evidence that it increases complications. (thieme-connect.de)
  • Initial studies on PBD included both benign and malignant pathologies, employed the percutaneous means of biliary drainage, and did not specifically address POPF after PD. (thieme-connect.de)
Percutaneous1
  • Treatment methods include chemotherapy with benzimidazole carbamates and/or surgical approaches, including percutaneous aspiration injection and reaspiration. (xiahepublishing.com)
Clinical2
  • The clinical features of cholangitis are very similar to other biliary pathologies. (teachmesurgery.com)
  • The most frequent clinical features are fever, chills, pruritus, or urticaria, which typically resolve promptly without specific treatment or complications. (passmed.uk)
Occur1
  • Neurologic complications occur very rarely, but despite of the prompt management, the patient status can severely deteriorate and sometimes result in fatality. (sch.ac.kr)
Cholangiocarcinoma1
Multicenter1
  • The diagnostic value of the model should be tested in multicenter studies that include women from all over the country. (bvsalud.org)
Rarely1
  • Unlike the situation in humans where drugs are commonly implicated as the cause of pancreatitis, drugs have very rarely been shown to have a cause-and-effect relationship with feline pancreatitis. (dvm360.com)
Overall complications2
  • For overall complications and pancreatitis, variables significant in univariable analysis were included in multiple regression. (nih.gov)
  • technical factors, likely related to specific expertise or approach of the endoscopist and center, are also significant risk factors for overall complications. (koreamed.org)
Intervention2
  • These complications can range from mild to severe resulting in extended hospitalization, requiring surgical intervention, and leading to permanent disability or even death. (koreamed.org)
  • 1 Severity is assessed primarily by length of hospital stay, and intervention required to treat the complications. (koreamed.org)
Disease8
  • Risk factors for acalculous cholecystitis include diabetes, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, vascular disease, total parenteral nutrition, prolonged fasting, or being an intensive care unit (ICU) patient. (medscape.com)
  • It was first described in 1930 and has been called by different names, including Hong Kong disease, primary hepatolithiasis, Oriental cholangitis, Oriental cholangiohepatitis (OCH), and Oriental infestational cholangitis. (medscape.com)
  • What is the Connection Between Cholangitis, Inflammatory Bowel Disease, and Pancreatitis? (vin.com)
  • In one study, 80 percent of cats with cholangiohepatitis also had inflammatory bowel disease and 50 percent also had pancreatitis . (vin.com)
  • This combination of cholangitis (particularly the acute neutrophilic form), inflammatory bowel disease, and pancreatitis is often referred to as triaditis. (vin.com)
  • however, definite associations between pancreatitis and inflammatory bowel disease are frequently seen. (dvm360.com)
  • Pancreatitis is also seen in conjunction with hepatic disease. (dvm360.com)
  • Chronic cases of acid reflux, which is also known as gastroesophageal reflux disease ( GERD ), and can lead to a number of complications if left untreated. (healthhype.com)
Myocardial infarction1
  • Cardiogenic shock (pump failure): principal alterations, including scarring of necrotic myocardium and its features, post-ischemic ventricular aneurysm, cerebral complications of myocardial infarction. (unibo.it)
Necrosis1
Cholecystitis include1