• These data provide the first insight into the three- dimensional (3D) structure of the CFTR locus and confirm the contribution of intronic cis-acting elements to the regulation of CFTR gene expression. (duke.edu)
  • Senior author Ramin Shiekhattar is a professor in two programs at Wistar, the gene expression and regulation program and molecular and cellular oncogenesis program. (sciencedaily.com)
  • Masato Umeda's research team at Kyoto University was interested in understanding how the degradation of DESAT1 is regulated in the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster in order to better understand thermal regulation in diverse organisms. (asbmb.org)
  • A role for BAF57 in cell cycle-dependent transcriptional regulation by the SWI/SNF chromatin remodeling complex. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Regulation of these two genes is complex, involving 2 activators and 3 repressors of transcription. (rochester.edu)
  • cis- and trans-acting elements involved in regulation of norB (norZ), the gene encoding nitric oxide reductase in Neisseria gonorrhoeae. (rochester.edu)
  • Biofilm-associated cells can be differentiated from their suspended counterparts by generation of an extracellular polymeric substance (EPS) matrix, reduced growth rates, and the up- and down- regulation of specific genes. (cdc.gov)
  • Gene regulation, physiological adaptation, disease responses…they all fall into the catch-all of epigenetics. (scienceblogs.com)
  • By determining the architecture of large protein complexes, researchers can identify mechanisms explaining how mutations lead to disease phenotypes, and identify potential targets for therapeutic intervention. (isbscience.org)
  • The SMARCE1 gene provides instructions for making a protein that forms one piece (subunit) of several different SWI/SNF protein complexes. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Processes that are considered to be epigenetic encompass DNA methylation (in which the cell silences specific genes by attaching methyl groups to bases that make up the DNA sequence) and wrapping the primary DNA sequence around protein complexes into nucleosomes , which are made up of proteins called histones . (scienceblogs.com)
  • The course comprises molecular biology of genes, proteins, multicomponent protein complexes, and other biomolecules that provide structure and perform the organism's functions. (lu.se)
  • It acts by binding to RNA and regulating how genes are translated into proteins. (eurekalert.org)
  • MiRNAs are characterized by binding the 3 - UTR of special mRNA to regulate the expression of the related proteins [ 10 , 11 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • A complex intronic enhancer regulates expression of the CFTR gene by direct interaction with the promoter. (duke.edu)
  • Genes can maintain spatiotemporal expression patterns by long-range interactions between cis-acting elements. (duke.edu)
  • The expression, or transcription, of genes controls the identity and function of a cell. (isbscience.org)
  • to regulate the activity (expression) of other genes. (medlineplus.gov)
  • when DNA is tightly packed, gene expression is often lower than when DNA is loosely packed. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Outside of the nucleus, the PHF8 protein cannot interact with chromatin to regulate gene expression. (medlineplus.gov)
  • While the exact disease mechanism is unknown, it is likely that a lack of PHF8 protein in the nucleus of brain cells before birth prevents chromatin remodeling, altering the normal expression of genes involved in intellectual function and formation of structures along the midline of the skull. (medlineplus.gov)
  • GXD's primary emphasis is on endogenous gene expression during development. (jax.org)
  • More recently, increased expression of NOTCH pathway genes was implicated in some DIPGs and NOTCH path inhibition contributed to reduced tumor growth in culture 14 , but the specificity of these treatments for H3.3 mutant cells remains unclear. (nature.com)
  • Gene expression profiling was performed after silencing of key components of Wnt signaling pathway and an iterative signature algorithm was applied to predict pathway-dependent gene signatures. (nature.com)
  • β-catenin then translocates to the nucleus where it forms a complex with TCF/LEF transcription factors and activates Wnt target gene expression 28 , 29 . (nature.com)
  • Asthma and COPD are complex diseases involving both genetic and environmental factors resulting in disease expression. (nottingham.ac.uk)
  • [ 2 ] The severity of phenotypic expression in piebaldism correlates with the site of the mutation within the KIT gene. (medscape.com)
  • Examples of 2-omics analyses include expression quantitative trait locus eQTL (Franke & Jansen, 2009) and methylation quantitative trait locus meQTL (Smith, Kilaru, Kocak, Almli, & Mercer, 2014) that, respectively, assess the influence of genetic and epigenetic markers on gene expression. (researchgate.net)
  • These evidences are often based on the derivation of standard measures of association, linking (epi-)genetic markers to gene expression combined with gene expression analysis (Wagner, Busche, Ge, Kwan, & Pastinen, 2014). (researchgate.net)
  • Integration of gene expression and methylation to unravel biological networks in glioblastoma patients: Gadaleta et al. (researchgate.net)
  • In this work, we describe Regression2Net, a computational approach that is able to integrate gene expression and genomic or methylation data in two steps. (researchgate.net)
  • When applying our approach, Regression2Net to gene expression and methylation profiles for individuals with glioblastoma multiforme, we identified, respectively, 284 and 447 potentially interesting genes in relation to glioblastoma pathology. (researchgate.net)
  • A unique feature of Hox genes in most species is that they are organized in clusters, with their relative genomic position corresponding to their order of expression along the A-P axis ( McGinnis and Krumlauf, 1992 ). (biorxiv.org)
  • Called a deacetylase, this enzyme removes acetyl groups from histones to repress gene expression. (sciencedaily.com)
  • In the body's scheme for safely storing genes away until needed, DNA is tightly looped around the histones, kept secure by enzymes similar to the ones studied by the Wistar team until made accessible by the activity of other enzymes responsible for gene expression. (sciencedaily.com)
  • As will be argued below, the non-mammalian kisspeptin systems show a wealth of diversity of gene expression ( kiss1 and/or kiss2 ) pattern in the brain and dynamic changes in expression according to the sex steroid milieu. (frontiersin.org)
  • This article reviews the current knowledge and experimental research about the mechanisms by which fatty acids and their derivatives control specific gene expression involved during carcinogenesis. (springer.com)
  • Knowledge of the mechanisms by which fatty acids control specific gene expression may identify important risk factors for cancer and provide insight into the development of new therapeutic strategies for a better management of whole body lipid metabolism. (springer.com)
  • Effect of dietary fatty acids on inflammatory gene expression in healthy humans. (springer.com)
  • SWI/SNF complexes regulate gene activity (expression) by a process known as chromatin remodeling. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Long-range chromosome contacts are disrupted by loss of condensin II loading, which leads to altered expression at bidirectional gene pairs. (bepress.com)
  • An Rb-condensin II complex mediates long-range chromosome interactions and influences expression at divergently paired genes" Molecular and Cellular Biology Vol. 40 Iss. (bepress.com)
  • Suffice to say that epigenetic modifications can be viewed as mechanisms that can ensure accurate transmission of chromatin states and gene expression profiles over generations. (scienceblogs.com)
  • We now recognize many epigenetic processes and mechanisms that can regulate the expression of genes, and their number seems to grow every year. (scienceblogs.com)
  • Under salt stress conditions, Arabidopsis lines expressing VuWRKY21 or VuWRKY87 showed elevated expression of genes participating in saline stress response pathways and reduced oxidative stress induced by reactive oxygen species (ROS). (mdpi.com)
  • Among the salt-responsive genes in Arabidopsis , AtP5CS1 , AtNHX1 , AtRD29A , AtSOS3 , AtSOS2 , and AtSOS1 exhibited modulated expression levels after stress imposition. (mdpi.com)
  • These findings suggest that the expression of both VuWRKY genes in Arabidopsis , particularly VuWRKY21 , activated genes involved in salinity tolerance. (mdpi.com)
  • Genes are not simply turned on or off, but instead their expression is fine-tuned to meet the needs of a cell. (rcsb.org)
  • She has uncovered evidence that bioelectric signals can trigger and regulate diverse complex processes that include gene expression changes. (worldsciencefestival.com)
  • Second, the expression of genes is regulated via multiple interacting mechanisms. (humankinetics.com)
  • states'' or gene expression patterns. (lu.se)
  • Similarly, GATA-1 has been shown to induce lineage switching expression values even if, for simplicity, we assume only ``on'' of committed cells in hematopoiesis, first in cell lines (Kulessa and ``off'' states for each gene. (lu.se)
  • In reality, gene somatic cells to a pluripotent cell state by a handful of transcrip- expression is graded, making the potential gene expression tion factors (Takahashi and Yamanaka, 2006). (lu.se)
  • Only genes showing a differential expression (both increased and decreased) 1.7-fold or greater (p (cdc.gov)
  • Clustering analysis based on expression profiles and gene function revealed sets of genes differentially regulated between proliferating and differentiating C2CI2 cells. (cdc.gov)
  • TNF-alpha induced increased expression of genes coding mediators of apoptosis, cell-matrix interactions, proteolysis and C-C chemokines. (cdc.gov)
  • The expression of selected genes was validated by real time RT -PCR, for both the direction and magnitude of the gene expression observed by the cDNA array. (cdc.gov)
  • It consists of ISGF3-GAMMA and ISGF3-ALPHA, and it regulates expression of many interferon-responsive GENES. (bvsalud.org)
  • RCC CM and the selected recombinant cytokines were used to analyze their influence on MSCs migration and microarray-targeted gene expression. (bvsalud.org)
  • The expression of genes encoding cytokines was evaluated in 100 matched-paired control-RCC tumor samples. (bvsalud.org)
  • Targeted analysis of 274 cytokines and global proteomics of RCC CM revealed decreased DPP4 and EGF, as well as increased AREG, FN1 and MMP1, with consistently altered gene expression in RCC cell lines and tumors. (bvsalud.org)
  • Independent transcriptomic and proteomic datasets of ccRCC tumors were used for the analysis of gene and protein expression as well as the level of the immune infiltration. (bvsalud.org)
  • In gene therapy one often utilizes vehicles with the ability to condense DNA and thereby protect DNA against degradation, transport DNA across membranes as well as regulate gene expression. (lu.se)
  • By monitoring microbial gene expression, one can predict the functions of uncharacterized genes, probe the physiologic adaptations made under various environmental conditions, identify virulence-associated genes, and test the effects of drugs. (medscape.com)
  • Similarly, by using host gene microarrays, one can explore host response at the level of gene expression and provide a molecular description of the events that follow infection. (medscape.com)
  • Host profiling might also identify gene expression signatures unique for each pathogen, thus providing a novel tool for diagnosis, prognosis, and clinical management of infectious disease. (medscape.com)
  • Global profiling of gene expression is one attractive approach to assessing function. (medscape.com)
  • Several independent high-throughput methods for differential gene expression (including SAGE and differential display) may enable function annotation of sequenced genomes [ 2 ] . (medscape.com)
  • His interests include Bordetella molecular pathogenesis and gene expression bioinformatics. (medscape.com)
  • Independent experiments confirmed several target genes, including PLOD2 , HADH , LCOR and REEP1 as non-canonical target genes in various colon cancer cells. (nature.com)
  • Moreover, non-canonical Wnt target genes are regulated via RoR2, Dvl2, ATF2 and ATF4. (nature.com)
  • We therefore propose that DNA is a sequence-specific allosteric ligand of GR that tailors the activity of the receptor toward specific target genes. (rcsb.org)
  • In ER+ cancer cells, PIP5K1α acted on pSer-473 AKT, and was in complexes with VEGFR2, serving as co-factor of ER-alpha to regulate activities of target genes including cyclin D1 and CDK1. (lu.se)
  • The K27M and G34R mutations induced several of the same pathways suggesting key shared oncogenic mechanisms including activation of neurogenesis and NOTCH pathway genes. (nature.com)
  • Taken together, our findings suggest striking overlap between putative mechanisms of K27M and G34R mutations and point to increased NOTCH signaling playing a key role in K27M-related gliomagenesis, resulting from aberrant gene derepression due to impaired H3K27me3 deposition at super-enhancers in H3.3 mutant cells. (nature.com)
  • There have been significant advances in the genetic epidemiology of lung function, but the causal genetic variants and causal genes, and the mechanisms by which they influence lung function, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and other respiratory diseases remain incompletely understood. (nottingham.ac.uk)
  • The identification of causal or predictive variants/genes/mechanisms for disease-associated traits is characterized by 'complex' networks of molecular phenotypes. (researchgate.net)
  • By understanding the molecular details of this interaction, we can identify virulence-associated microbial genes and host-defense strategies and characterize the cues to which they respond and mechanisms by which they are regulated. (medscape.com)
  • Binding of ferrous iron to the DtxR molecule forms a complex that binds to the tox gene operator and inhibits transcription. (medscape.com)
  • MKRN2 Physically Interacts with GLE1 to Regulate mRNA Export and Zebrafish Retinal Development. (nih.gov)
  • In males (who have only one X chromosome), one altered copy of the gene in each cell is sufficient to cause the condition. (medlineplus.gov)
  • In D. melanogaster , the eight Hox genes are organized in two separate clusters on chromosome 3R: the Antennapedia cluster (ANT-C) and the Bithorax cluster (BX-C). The 350 kb BX-C contains the Ubx, abd-A and Abd-B genes, which specify the identity of the more posterior embryonic parasegments 5 to 14 (PS5 to PS14). (biorxiv.org)
  • The SMARCE1 gene is found on chromosome 17 . (medlineplus.gov)
  • This study demonstrates that mammalian condensin II functions to organize long-range chromosome contacts and regulate transcription at specific genes. (bepress.com)
  • This identified approximately 140 chromosome loci where nucleotides deviated from the reference sequence GRCh37 hg19 comprising the three genes TRPV1, LTB4R and LTB4R2. (researchgate.net)
  • Blue squares indicate phenotypes directly attributed to mutations/alleles of this gene. (jax.org)
  • These genes were selected based on their role in asthmatic inflammatory processes and History previously reported associations with asthma phenotypes. (cdc.gov)
  • Of these mediators, cytokines play a single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) in pro-inflammatory cytokine genes and asthma phenotypes (Che et al. (cdc.gov)
  • The non-specific lethal complex regulates genes and pathways genetically linked to Parkinson's disease. (medscape.com)
  • However, there is now a growing body of evidence to suggest that kiss2 , the paralogous gene for kiss1 , evolved in parallel during vertebrate lineage, and the kiss2 product also activates the GPR54 (kisspeptin receptor) signaling pathways. (frontiersin.org)
  • It is thought that QTL genes are key regulators of interacting biochemical pathways, 3,4 and thus may be potential targets for therapeutic intervention. (jax.org)
  • WRKY transcription factors play a pivotal role in regulating stress signaling pathways, including those associated with salt stress response. (mdpi.com)
  • The general transcription factor TFIIH plays central roles in both processes and is also important to couple gene transcription with DNA repair. (isbscience.org)
  • Disturbance of this process alters the activity of many genes and disrupts several cellular processes, which could explain the diverse signs and symptoms of Coffin-Siris syndrome. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Methods A next-generation sequencing (NGS) panel was created for the human TRPV1 gene and in addition, for the leukotriene receptors BLT1 and BLT2 recently described to modulate TRPV1 mediated sensitisation processes rendering the coding genes LTB4R and LTB4R2 important co-players in pharmacogenetic approaches involving TRPV1. (researchgate.net)
  • Iron (Fe), zinc (Zn), manganese (Mn), and copper (Cu) are essential micronutrient mineral elements for living organisms, as they regulate essential cellular processes, such as chlorophyll synthesis and photosynthesis (Fe, Cu, and Mn), respiration (Fe and Cu), and transcription (Zn). (frontiersin.org)
  • The GO Slim terms listed here are the broader parent terms for the specific terms to which this gene product is annotated, and thus represent the more general processes, functions, and components in which it is involved. (yeastgenome.org)
  • Genomics has led to valuable insights into the complex processes influencing health and disease. (cdc.gov)
  • Hox genes encode transcription factors that specify segmental identities along the Antero-Posterior body axis. (biorxiv.org)
  • At least five variants (also known as mutations) in the SMARCE1 gene cause Coffin-Siris syndrome, which is characterized by delayed development, abnormalities of the fifth (pinky) fingers or toes, and characteristic facial features that are described as coarse. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Most SMARCE1 gene variants involved in Coffin-Siris syndrome change single protein building blocks (amino acids) in the SMARCE1 protein. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Although it is unclear how these changes affect SWI/SNF complexes, researchers suggest that the variants result in abnormal chromatin remodeling. (medlineplus.gov)
  • This chromatin organization differentially instructed alternative Abd-B promoter use, thereby expanding the possibilities to regulate transcriptional output. (biorxiv.org)
  • Analyzing 5′-upstream non-protein-encoding regions of the human mitochondrial function-associated genes, we speculate that mitochondrial functions could be recovered or improved at a transcriptional level. (intechopen.com)
  • Indeed, in eukaroytes, the whole histone-DNA complex is known as chromatin, and the "tightness" of the wrapping of the DNA into chromatin is an important mechanism by which the cell controls gene expressions, and this "tightness" can be controlled by a process known as histone acetylation, in which acetyl groups are tacked onto histones (or removed from them). (scienceblogs.com)
  • In females (who have two X chromosomes), a mutation would have to occur in both copies of the gene to cause the disorder. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Abidi F, Miano M, Murray J, Schwartz C. A novel mutation in the PHF8 gene is associated with X-linked mental retardation with cleft lip/cleft palate. (medlineplus.gov)
  • A novel deletion mutation of KIT gene was described in a 5-generation Chinese family. (medscape.com)
  • Most piebald patients have the above-described mutation of the KIT gene encoding a tyrosine kinase receptor involved in pigment cell development. (medscape.com)
  • However, 2 novel cases of piebaldism were described in which both mother and daughter had a novel Val620Ala mutation in their KIT gene and showed progressive depigmentation. (medscape.com)
  • Unless you find yourself with an extremely rare mutation of the LRP5 gene, that is. (listverse.com)
  • Mutations of the KIT proto-oncogene produce variations in phenotype in relation to the site of the KIT gene mutation. (medscape.com)
  • Hox genes encode crucial developmental regulators that specify segmental identities along the Antero-Posterior (A-P) body axis in the developing embryo of bilaterian species. (biorxiv.org)
  • GO Annotations consist of four mandatory components: a gene product, a term from one of the three Gene Ontology (GO) controlled vocabularies (Molecular Function, Biological Process, and Cellular Component), a reference, and an evidence code. (yeastgenome.org)
  • GO annotations from high-throughput experiments will be assigned only when this type of data is available, and thus may not be assigned to terms from all three controlled vocabularies of the Gene Ontology. (yeastgenome.org)
  • A new study shows that an enzyme involved in appropriately repressing sets of neuronal genes in non-neuronal cells is also a target for certain monoamine oxidase inhibitors used to treat depression. (sciencedaily.com)
  • In 2005, professor Ramin Shiekhattar, Ph.D., at The Wistar Institute and his colleagues reported details about an enzyme involved in appropriately repressing sets of neuronal genes in non-neuronal cells. (sciencedaily.com)
  • By comparing the similarities and differences between kiss1 and kiss2 of neuronal localization and sensitivity to gonadal steroids in various tetrapods and teleosts, we discuss the evolution of kisspeptin neuronal systems after gene duplication of ancestral kisspeptin genes to give rise to kiss1 and kiss2 . (frontiersin.org)
  • To understand the parallel evolution of these genes in the kisspeptin neuronal systems, we here propose that the steroid sensitivity helps to identify the functionally equivalent neuronal populations among different species, because the steroid sensitivity appears to be the evolutionarily well conserved feature of certain populations of the kisspeptin neurons. (frontiersin.org)
  • This study supports the hypothesis that a complex regulatory role of TNF-alpha exits in skeletal myogenesis. (cdc.gov)
  • This research, published online in Molecular Cell on Sept. 4, 2015, represents a breakthrough in understanding the structural basis for transcription and DNA repair, and provides critical insights into how disruption of the TFIIH complex can lead to cancer and other diseases. (isbscience.org)
  • After that, the gene is silenced and loses its function, it shows hardly any activity in the stem cells in advanced age," explains Prof. K. Lenhard Rudolph, research group leader at the FLI and professor of molecular medicine at FSU Jena. (idw-online.de)
  • Methylation stabilizes the genome and only a few sections, such as promoter regions that occur at the beginning of each gene, are spared," explains Alexander Meissner, Director and Department Head at the Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics. (mpg.de)
  • Manually curated GO annotations reflect our best understanding of the basic molecular function , biological process , and cellular component for this gene product. (yeastgenome.org)
  • The realization of the vastness of bacterial diversity and the development of novel experimental techniques have propelled molecular microbiology into a new era of investigation This course provides insights into how genes are organized and regulated in bacteria and in their viruses. (lu.se)
  • The pace of gene discovery rapidly accelerates, but its potential for explaining life at the molecular level remains largely unrealized because our understanding of gene function lags increasingly far behind. (medscape.com)
  • Kisspeptin attracts particular attention, since previous reports have shown that the lack of kisspeptin receptors gene, GPR54 , in both mice and humans, or of the ligand gene ( Kiss1 ) in mice results in reproductive dysfunctions. (frontiersin.org)
  • A multimeric complex that functions as a ligand-dependent transcription factor. (bvsalud.org)
  • My research involves identifying gene regulatory elements across the genome to help us understand how chromatin structure dictates cell function and fate. (duke.edu)
  • In Drosophila , the BX-C cluster contains the three most posterior Hox genes, where their collinear activation incorporates progressive replacement of histone modifications, reorganization of 3D chromatin architecture and sequential activation of boundary elements and cis -regulatory regions. (biorxiv.org)
  • To dissect functional hierarchies, we compared chromatin organization in larvae and in cell lines, with a focus on the Abd-B gene. (biorxiv.org)
  • Interestingly, we detected a non-canonical inversion of collinear chromatin dynamics at the Abd-B gene, with the active histone domain decreasing in size. (biorxiv.org)
  • The collinear activation of the Hox genes and their cis -regulatory elements is thought to rely on the progressive opening of the chromatin within the BX-C along the A-P axis. (biorxiv.org)
  • In the presence of ferrous iron, the DtxR-iron complex attaches to the tox gene operon, inhibiting transcription. (medscape.com)
  • trnp: A conserved mammalian gene encoding a nuclear protein that accelerates cell-cycle progression. (nih.gov)
  • Furthermore, we show that the ligands Wnt5a/b are upstream regulators of the non-canonical signature and moreover regulate proliferation of cancer cells in a β-catenin-independent manner. (nature.com)
  • ABSTRACT This study aimed to evaluate the association of plasma MIF level and -173 G/C single nucleotide polymorphism of the MIF gene with the occurrence, severity and mortality of sepsis patients. (who.int)
  • Quantitative trait locus (QTL) mapping locates and estimates the effect of genetic loci that regulate quantitative traits. (jax.org)
  • These are traits that are complex, continuous and regulated by a group of genes interacting with each other and the environment. (jax.org)
  • Fourth, complex, multifactorial traits are influenced by polygenic systems defined by hundreds and thousands of loci with most alleles characterized by very small effect sizes. (humankinetics.com)
  • Axin1 and GSK3β are recruited to the receptor complex upon Wnt stimulation and this leads to a breakdown of the destruction complex and β-catenin stabilization. (nature.com)
  • Most DNA in our cells is inactivated in such a way, but the start sequences of genes do not carry such marks. (mpg.de)
  • A cohort of 80 healthy subjects of Western European descent was screened to evaluate and validate the detection of exomic sequences of the coding genes with 25 base pair exon padding. (researchgate.net)
  • Activity-regulated cytoskeleton-associated protein predicts symptom response to cognitive behavioral therapy among individuals with first-episode psychosis. (nih.gov)
  • On the other hand, it has been generally accepted in evolutionary biology that genes duplicated from a single gene in the ancestral vertebrate undergo sub-functionalization, neo-functionalization, or non-functionalization ( Ohno, 1970 ). (frontiersin.org)
  • The intra- and intertumor heterogeneity of cell types and gene mutations as well as the complexity of the microenvironment contribute to limiting the efficacy of the current therapeutic options for high grade glioma. (mdpi.com)
  • Here we report successful gene editing of H3.3K27M and G34R point mutations in human normal brain and pediatric glioma cells, generating pairs of otherwise isogenic cell lines that allowed us to define epigenetic and transcriptomic changes contributing to gliomagenesis in the native genomic context. (nature.com)
  • In-depth biological analysis of connected genes in ANDnet and XORnet revealed genes that are related to energy metabolism, cell cycle control (AATF), immune system response, and several cancer types. (researchgate.net)
  • The Igf2bp2-gene drives growth and metabolic activity at a young age but these activities contribute to the age-associated loss of hematopoietic stem cell function in later life. (idw-online.de)
  • The research group specializes in the study of genes at the single-cell level. (idw-online.de)
  • Attachment is a complex process regulated by diverse characteristics of the growth medium, substratum, and cell surface. (cdc.gov)
  • Two major thrusts in the last decade have dramatically impacted our understanding of biofilms: the utilization of the confocal laser scanning microscope to characterize biofilm ultrastructure, and an investigation of the genes involved in cell adhesion and biofilm formation. (cdc.gov)
  • dGLYAT was found to regulate Gadd45 -mediated JNK pathway activation and cell invasion. (sdbonline.org)
  • Stem Cell Pluripotency Genes Klf4 and Oct4 Regulate Complex SMC Phenotypic Changes Critical in Late-Stage Atherosclerotic Lesion Pathogenesis. (nih.gov)
  • explosion further, consider that a fictitious small genome with 2002) More recently and more dramatically, the potential for 260 genes would host the same number of combinations as cell state conversions is exemplified by the reprogramming of the number of atoms in the visible universe! (lu.se)
  • Using the inbred mouse as a model organism, QTL mapping has become a very important tool for finding the genes that regulate complex human diseases, including atherosclerosis, diabetes, obesity, asthma and hypertension. (jax.org)
  • In the past two decades, QTL analyses have identified well over 2000 QTL associated with such diseases, 1,2,3 and the genes underlying these QTL are being identified at a faster pace than ever. (jax.org)
  • Identifying therapies that target mitochondrial/ bioenergetics and inflammation may have the potential to treat complex underlying biology of AD and ADRD, while also gaining a deeper understanding of multiple diseases that affect the brain. (alz.org)
  • Uptake of long chain fatty acids is regulated by dynamic interaction of FAT/CD36 with cholesterol/sphingolipid enriched microdomains (lipid rafts). (springer.com)
  • Thus, regulating the uptake and cellular distribution of these minerals is extremely important for optimal cellular functioning and could lead to breeding crop plants with better adaptability to changing environments and may contribute to providing healthy food with improved mineral contents. (frontiersin.org)
  • The gene Igf2bp2 is important in youth for the full function of these cells, as it activates their growth and metabolism. (idw-online.de)
  • Here, we review progress in the understanding of different subcellular metal transport components in plants and discuss the prospects of regulating cellular metabolism and strategies to develop biofortified crop plants. (frontiersin.org)
  • A mouse model study implicated alterations in bivalent genes in mutant H3.3 downstream function 20 . (nature.com)
  • A comprehensive evaluation of potential lung function associated genes in the spirometa general population sample. (nottingham.ac.uk)
  • The enzyme's function is to remove methyl groups from small molecules called histones to modify them in ways that trigger gene repression. (sciencedaily.com)
  • When the gene is missing, however, the aging-associated loss of function of the stem cells is surprisingly diminished. (idw-online.de)
  • Surprisingly, mice in which the gene is mutated show a reduction in the age-associated loss of function of the blood stem cells in late life, even though the gene is no longer active. (idw-online.de)
  • This suggests that Igf2bp2 gene function in early life leads to the aging of the stem cells. (idw-online.de)
  • We are currently working to identify the anaerobic regulon and the function of anaerobically regulated genes. (rochester.edu)
  • For example, even in the heavily studied Escherichia coli, no function has been assigned to more than one third of its genes [ 1 ] . (medscape.com)
  • Because a gene is usually transcribed only when and where its function is required, determining the locations and conditions under which a gene is expressed allows inferences about its function. (medscape.com)
  • [ 1 ] As of a 2001 review by Richards et al, 14 point mutations, 9 deletions, 2 nucleotide splice mutations, and 3 insertions of the KIT gene were believed to be mutations causing piebaldism. (medscape.com)
  • Most PHF8 gene mutations lead to an abnormally short protein that gets transported out of the cell's nucleus. (medlineplus.gov)
  • The end result is that the "tightness" of the condensed (more tightly packed) histone-DNA complex relaxes into a state associated with greater levels of gene transcription. (scienceblogs.com)
  • In my own field of cancer HDAC inhibitors are a hot area of research as "targeted" therapies, although I must admit that I have a hard time figuring out how a drug that can affect the expressions of hundreds of genes by deacetylating their histones can be considered to be tightly "targeted. (scienceblogs.com)
  • H3.3 mutant gliomas are also particularly sensitive to NOTCH pathway gene knockdown and drug inhibition, reducing their viability in culture. (nature.com)
  • Strikingly, K27M and G34R induced many overlapping changes, including reduced overall H3K27me3 and induction of NOTCH pathway genes, including ASCL1 . (nature.com)
  • In K27M lines, the decrease of H3K27me3 was especially pronounced at super-enhancers of specific gene clusters, including the NOTCH pathway genes. (nature.com)
  • Because of cross-species concordance, QTL and their underlying candidate genes can first be identified, cost-effectively, in mice and then the genes can be tested relatively easily in humans and verified in mice. (jax.org)
  • Thus NRBF2 plays a critical role in the induction of starvation-induced autophagy as a specific member of Vps34 Complex I. (nih.gov)
  • The storage and distribution of these minerals in various cellular organelles is strictly regulated to ensure optimal metabolic rates. (frontiersin.org)
  • Researchers at the Institute for Systems Biology, in collaboration with the University of California, San Francisco, the University of Colorado Boulder, and the Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, have mapped the architecture of the multi-subunit TFIIH complex. (isbscience.org)
  • TFIIH is a large multi-subunit protein complex, with flexible domains and numerous conformations, which hindered previous attempts to delineate its structure. (isbscience.org)
  • Researchers at the Leibniz Institute on Aging - Fritz Lipmann Institute (FLI) have now found a gene mechanism that is responsible for the aging of hematopoietic stem cells. (idw-online.de)
  • The complex interaction between a microbial pathogen and a host is the underlying basis of infectious disease. (medscape.com)
  • The microarray analysis included 715 genes and was conducted in triplicate. (cdc.gov)
  • Lin28, first discovered in worms, functions in all complex organisms. (eurekalert.org)
  • By performing their experiments on both human and yeast TFIIH, Luo and Ranish identified evolutionarily conserved crosslinks, which they used to deduce both the spatial organization and conserved protein domain interactions within the complex. (isbscience.org)
  • To study the transformative effects of oncohistone mutations in human pediatric gliomas in an otherwise isogenic context, we used CRISPR-Cas9 gene editing to revert H3.3K27M mutations in glioma cells back to wild type (WT) while in parallel introducing H3.3K27M and G34R point mutations into human astrocytes and H3.3WT glioma cells (Fig. 1a ). (nature.com)
  • The gene ACTN3 is present within every human body, but a small percentage of them mutate to help us produce a very special substance. (listverse.com)
  • The NGS workflow was based on a custom AmpliSeq™ panel and designed for sequencing of human genes on an Ion PGM™ Sequencer. (researchgate.net)
  • These genes are organized in clusters, where their order corresponds to their activity along the body axis, an evolutionary conserved feature known as collinearity. (biorxiv.org)
  • In mammals, the family of Wnt ligands consists of 19 members, which trigger multiple intracellular signaling cascades and orchestrate complex, context-dependent responses. (nature.com)
  • By reactivating a dormant gene called Lin28a, which is active in embryonic stem cells, researchers were able to regrow hair and repair cartilage, bone, skin and other soft tissues in a mouse model. (eurekalert.org)
  • The eventual aging of hematopoietic stem cells is apparently already preprogrammed by their gene-driven growth in youth. (idw-online.de)
  • Blood formation, also called hematopoiesis, is regulated by a complex system of stem cells. (idw-online.de)
  • Researchers have known for a while that mutations in this gene can lead to lower bone density, or osteoporosis. (listverse.com)