Complex organization membrane separation liquid phases. Medical search. Frequent questions

The contributors discuss the 3D organization of chromatin, the various nuclear bodies and compartments that have been identified, and the roles of RNA and actin in shaping nuclear organization, as well as how these structures interact with each other and with peripheral features (e.g., the nuclear pore complex and inner nuclear membrane proteins) to carry out the work of the nucleus. (cshlpress.com)
Coacervate / condensate phase of polyelectrolytes and proteins. (aalto.fi)
For protein systems, we focus on block proteins that undergo liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS) as a preassembly step for structural protein materials. (aalto.fi)
In the absence of Wnt ligands, β-catenin is degraded via a destruction complex (DC) consisting of two core tumor suppressors that serve as scaffold proteins (APC and Axin) and two kinases (glycogen synthase kinase-3 β [GSK3β] and casein kinase 1 [CK1]) ( 4 ). (rupress.org)
Microdomains or lipid rafts greatly affect the distribution of proteins and peptides in the membrane and play a vital role in the formation and activation of receptor/protein complexes. (frontiersin.org)
Our simulation experiments indicate, that for receptor/raft ratios smaller than 1, i.e., when the number of raft compartments clearly exceeds the number of pathway specific membrane proteins, we observe significant decrease in LRP6 phosphorylation and downstream pathway activity. (frontiersin.org)
It is known that GSLs interact with both intracellular as well as exogenous proteins and are critical for membrane organisation, signalling, and recognition events. (springer.com)
Over two dozen proteins involved in protein import and membrane insertion, peroxins, encoded by PEX genes, have been characterized. (tcdb.org)
2011) addresses two of these aspects, the translocation of soluble proteins into the peroxisomal matrix and the biogenesis of the peroxisomal membrane. (tcdb.org)
2011 ) have reviewed the processes by which matrix and membrane proteins are incorporated into the peroxysome. (tcdb.org)
In the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae , the minimal transport machinery includes the membrane proteins Pex13 and Pex14 and the cargo-protein-binding transport receptor, Pex5. (tcdb.org)
Intrinsically disordered regions in Pex13 and Pex5 resemble those found in nuclear pore complex proteins. (tcdb.org)
The membrane bound docking subcomplex includes several Pex proteins, Pex13p, 14p and 17p. (tcdb.org)
Most peroxisomal membrane proteins do not have PTS1 or PTS2, and insertion requires several peroxins distinct from those required for import of soluble matrix proteins. (tcdb.org)
Studying the architecture, conformational dynamics and interactions of proteins that undergo liquid-liquid phase separation. (leeds.ac.uk)
The bacterial chromosomic DNA is packed within a membrane-less structure, the nucleoid, due to the association of DNA with proteins called Nucleoid Associated Proteins (NAPs). (cea.fr)
Infection by envelope viruses is mediated by fusion proteins on the virus surface and requires exposure of a fusion peptide (FP), which inserts into the target membrane. (cnr.it)
SARS-CoV-2 genome consists of 14 functional open reading frames (ORFs), including two regions (ORF1a and ORF1b) for 16 non-structural proteins (Nsp1-Nsp16), nine regions for nine putative accessory proteins, and other regions for four structural proteins, spike (S), envelope (E), membrane (M), and nucleocapsid (N) proteins [ 5 - 7 ]. (ijbs.com)
After being entry, the viral and host membranes can fuse together and then release the positive sense, single-stranded RNA genome of SARS-CoV-2 that directly translates into the structural and nonstructural proteins [ 9 ]. (ijbs.com)
MitoNEET belongs to the CDGSH Iron-Sulfur Domain (cisd)-gene family of proteins and is a [2Fe-2S] cluster-containing protein found on the outer membrane of mitochondria. (researchgate.net)
However, constructing such molecular systems is a challenge because of the difficulties in working with membrane proteins, very hydrophobic molecules that are prone to aggregate. (uni-muenchen.de)
In this way, a hydrophobic environment was supplied to the membrane proteins to fold and function to interact with the extravesicular environment. (uni-muenchen.de)
By assessing the functions of membrane proteins with a fluorescence-activated cell sorter, the artificial cell could evolve based on the function of the membrane proteins. (uni-muenchen.de)
While many studies have been focused on the membrane structure, the dynamics of such systems are crucial for the function of the membrane including membrane bound proteins. (lu.se)
Native membrane derived polymer-supported lipid bilayers (nSLBs) are poised to bridge the gap between live cell experiments and traditional model membrane architectures that by offering a combination of accessibility by surface sensitive analytical instrumentation and a composition which more closely resembles cellular membranes by displaying a diversity of endogenous membrane proteins, lipids, and carbohydrates. (lu.se)
Due to the lack of detergent solubilization and reconstitution steps, the nSLBs created using this approach contain essentially all of the native lipids, as well as the membrane-associated proteins and carbohydrates from the donor membrane. (lu.se)

In particular, the impact of α-spinasterol on the structure and organization of lipid membranes was investigated and compared with those of cholesterol. (mdpi.com)

The physical principles that dictate the formation of these subcellular compartments are simple, but they dictate the organelles' complex functions. (the-scientist.com)
Many cellular compartments are enclosed by membranes, with channels, pores and transporters regulating their composition. (leeds.ac.uk)
The 19th Annual Wiley Prize in Biomedical Sciences celebrated a breakthrough in cell biology: how membrane-less cellular compartments are formed. (hymanlab.org)
Liquid-liquid phase separation can be used for man-made encapsulation applications just as it has evolved for creating membrane-less intracellular compartments in biology. (usc.edu)

Swi6 - an HP1 orthologue in Schizosaccharomyces pombe (S. pombe) - can both undergo liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS) and compact nucleosomes in vitro [Sanulli, 2018]. (emerging-researchers.org)
We hypothesize that swi6-sm1, an allele of Swi6, may be such a separation-of-function allele, as the mutations that comprise the swi6-sm1 allele are in the N-terminal extension, a region of Swi6 implicated in its LLPS activity [Larson, 2017]. (emerging-researchers.org)
Ultimately, we hope to understand the role of LLPS in chromatin organization and its potential contribution to the integrity of the nuclear envelope. (emerging-researchers.org)
Recent studies found Axin ( 6 ) and the DC ( 7 ) undergo liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS) and drive DC assembly. (rupress.org)
Pex13 undergoes liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS) with Pex5-cargo. (tcdb.org)
However, in the cytoplasm and nucleus, membrane-less organelles (MLOs) form by liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS). (leeds.ac.uk)
N protein can also undergo liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS) with viral genome RNA and inhibit stress granules to facilitate viral replication and assembly. (ijbs.com)

https://doi.org/10.1083/jcb.202205069 ) show Dvl2 undergoes liquid-liquid phase separation to stabilize β-catenin by pulling Axin into its biomolecular condensate at the plasma membrane. (rupress.org)

During the last decades, the approach to overcome the complexity of biological membranes is to use simplified biomimetic models mainly consisting of binary or ternary mixtures of lipids [ 1 , 2 ]. (hindawi.com)
One of the most debated issues in the biophysics of lipids is lipid miscibility and its relevance to the function and organization of biological membranes. (hindawi.com)
In 1997, Simons and Ikonen renewed the interest in lipid phase studies, suggesting that lateral phase separation in biological membranes could be functionally important [ 3 ]. (hindawi.com)
Being typically a minor component of the cell membrane, they are of utmost importance for biological functions that rely on lipid-lipid and lipid-protein interactions (Schnaar and Kinoshita 2015 ). (springer.com)
Structural mass spectrometry methods are unique in their ability to study the weak and transient interactions that underlie many biological processes in complex systems, regardless of their size, revolutionising our understanding of dynamic assemblies that are not amenable to other structural methods. (leeds.ac.uk)
Mathematical frameworks have been devised to account for the self-organization of biological patterns, most famously the Turing framework. (mpi-cbg.de)
With a background in soft matter and biological physics, his current research interests are encompassed by the physical properties and applications of biomimetic membranes. (royalsociety.org)
Recent years have seen strong research efforts on the lipid component of biological membranes. (lu.se)
In my talk, I will show you some examples how such biological cues influence the dynamic properties of membranes. (lu.se)

Unravelling this information could help in engineering more robust membranes in other organisms and in synthetic cells. (basyc.nl)
Glycosphingolipids (GSLs) are a subclass of glycolipids that are found in cell membranes of various organisms ranging from bacteria to humans. (springer.com)
To deal with increasingly severe periods of dehydration related to global climate change, it becomes increasingly important to understand the complex strategies many organisms have developed to cope with dehydration and desiccation. (researchgate.net)

To activate canonical signaling, Wnt ligands bind to a Fzd receptor/co-receptor complex to initiate signaling at the PM. This Wnt/receptor complex recruits Dvl to Fzd where Dvl serves as a binding partner for Axin. (rupress.org)
Extrapolating/Translating these values to the membrane of a "normal sized" cell yields a raft abundance, that, by far, outnumbers the membrane-associated pathway components of most individual signaling pathway, such as receptor and kinases. (frontiersin.org)
For most individual signaling pathway, this quantitative point of view would imply, that rafts clearly outnumber the membrane-associated pathway components, such as receptor and kinases. (frontiersin.org)
The results clearly highlight the influence of the different fatty acids of the Gb 3 sphingolipids on the phase behaviour and the binding properties of Shiga toxin B subunits, even though the membranes were only doped with 5 mol% of the receptor lipid. (springer.com)
2018 ). Here, we will solely focus on the less recognized globosides and in particular the globoside Gb 3 , which is the membrane receptor for vero toxins. (springer.com)
The ATP-dependent dislocation of the PTS1 receptor from the peroxisomal membrane into the cytosol is mediated by the AAA peroxins Pex1p and Pex6p ( Platta et al . (tcdb.org)

Within this pathway, Dishevelled interprets and propagates signals from 19 Wnts engaging 10 Frizzled (Fzd) receptors/co-receptors embedded in the plasma membrane (PM). For years, interest in how Dishevelled receives, interprets, and relays this information has been immense. (rupress.org)
Specific recent and current research topics that contribute to the synthetic biology toolbox for development of artificial cells include membrane texturing through phase separation, artificial DNA adhesion receptors, hybrid lipid-polymer membrane systems for enhanced stability and lifetime, encapsulation of feedback-responsive systems and controlled generation of eukaryote-like membrane architectures. (royalsociety.org)

However, according to various experimental measurements, approximately 25 to 35 % of the cell plasma membrane is covered by nanoscopic raft domains with diameters ranging between 10 to 200 nm. (frontiersin.org)

The peroxisomal protein import machinery, which shares similarities with chloroplasts, is unique in transporting folded and large (up to 10 nm in diameter) protein complexes into peroxisomes. (tcdb.org)
In our research we use a mass spectrometry-based integrative structural biology toolkit, and a combination of other biochemical and biophysical techniques, to elucidate the functional mechanisms of protein complexes, and characterise dynamic and transient assemblies involved in essential cellular functions, cellular organisation and disease. (leeds.ac.uk)

Self-organization, also called spontaneous order in the social sciences, is a process where some form of overall order arises from local interactions between parts of an initially disordered system. (wikipedia.org)
Chaos theory discusses self-organization in terms of islands of predictability in a sea of chaotic unpredictability. (wikipedia.org)
Self-organization is realized in the physics of non-equilibrium processes, and in chemical reactions, where it is often characterized as self-assembly. (wikipedia.org)
Self-organization has also been observed in mathematical systems such as cellular automata. (wikipedia.org)
Self-organization is an example of the related concept of emergence. (wikipedia.org)
Self-organization relies on four basic ingredients: strong dynamical non-linearity, often (though not necessarily) involving positive and negative feedback balance of exploitation and exploration multiple interactions among components availability of energy (to overcome the natural tendency toward entropy, or loss of free energy) The cybernetician William Ross Ashby formulated the original principle of self-organization in 1947. (wikipedia.org)
It notes that self-organization is facilitated by random perturbations ("noise") that let the system explore a variety of states in its state space. (wikipedia.org)
The philosopher René Descartes presents self-organization hypothetically in the fifth part of his 1637 Discourse on Method. (wikipedia.org)
we tend to get especially excited about assembly phenomena, the influence of interfaces (surfaces), and external driving of the material self-organization via molecular and energy flows. (aalto.fi)
We examine assembly and adsorption in reverse micellar systems but also driven self-organization of colloidal assemblies in apolar media. (aalto.fi)

Even though LRP6 is homogenously distributed in the membrane and only a minor fraction is raft-associated, its localization to lipid rafts is vital for the activation of the LRP6 signalosome, hence wnt/β-catenin signaling. (frontiersin.org)
Whereas the trisaccharidic head group of Gb 3 defines the specificity of Shiga toxin binding, the lipophilic part composed of sphingosine and different fatty acids is suggested to determine its localization within membranes impacting membrane organisation and protein binding eventually leading to protein internalisation. (springer.com)
The results indicated that elevated Par3 expression induces cortical localization of the Par-complex at the interphase. (elifesciences.org)

Sterols play a unique role for the structural and dynamical organization of membranes. (mdpi.com)

Cell polarization involving the Par-complex in situ is linked to various other processes. (elifesciences.org)
Because of such association between Par-dependent polarization and other processes, the Par-complex exhibits different behavioral characteristics in an individual context, making it difficult to determine general features of the dynamic process taking place during cell polarization by the Par-complex. (elifesciences.org)
S100B is a calcium/zinc-binding protein secreted by mature astrocytes, associated, at high levels, with nervous tissue injury in a variety of neuropathological processes, including Multiple Sclerosis in the acute phase. (cnr.it)
Carbon Capture and Separation Processes. (durham.ac.uk)

The primary roles of N protein are to assemble with genomic RNA into the viral RNA-protein (vRNP) complex and to localize to the replication transcription complexes (RTCs) to enhance viral replication and transcription. (ijbs.com)

In turn, only recently surface-sensitive techniques have explored the phase behaviour of lipid layers in contact with solid surfaces, such as supported lipid bilayers (SLBs) and supported layers of vesicles (SLVs). (hindawi.com)
The NEXUS project will develop an easily customizable integrated platform to enable Extracellular Vesicles (EVs) separation, purification, and multivariate characterization from complex biofluids. (cnr.it)
We recently developed a generic method for producing polymer-supported lipid bilayers directly from cell-derived native membrane vesicles (NMVs). (lu.se)

The idea that the dynamics of a system can lead to an increase in its organization has a long history. (wikipedia.org)
To connect microscopic dynamics to macroscale behaviors we measured the phase diagram of a new system of microtubule filaments and end-accumulating kinesin molecular motors. (aps.org)
With this Dynamics workshop, our goal is to bring together leading experts in the field of membrane dynamics, with a particular focus on neutrons and X-rays, but also complementary techniques including NMR, single molecule spectroscopy and computer modeling. (lu.se)

For polyelectrolyte materials, we have worked on the role of water and ions on the thermal response of materials rising from complex coacervation (polyelectrolyte complexes and multilayers). (aalto.fi)

The current study reports data on the membrane properties of the phytosterol (3β,5α,22 E )-stigmasta-7,22-dien-3-β-ol (α-spinasterol), which represents an important component of argan oil and have not been investigated so far in molecular detail. (mdpi.com)
From the molecular analysis inside the artificial cells, we have found that the properties and phase transitions of polymers confined to the artificial cell often differ from those in bulk systems. (uni-muenchen.de)

The article nicely explains how the team used neutron reflectometry to study surfactant self-organisation in the context of laundry detergent pods, with some surprising results. (durham.ac.uk)

We have qualitatively explained these phenomena by considering the length-dependent membrane wettability of polymers. (uni-muenchen.de)

Last week, INERATEC won the third prize in the category of "Emission Reduction, Processing, and Separation" in the Baden-Württemberg 2017 competition for the Environmental Technology Award. (sciencedaily.com)
A growing body of evidence suggests that cell cycle progression and invasion through a basement membrane are mutually exclusive cellular behaviors in both development and disease states (reviewed in Kohrman and Matus, 2017 ). (elifesciences.org)

The existence of membrane-less organelles, often called bodies or puncta, has been known for a long time, but what exactly they represented and how they were formed was not known. (hymanlab.org)
Each, synergistically, made groundbreaking contributions to the discovery that membrane-less organelles are liquid-liquid phase-separated entities. (hymanlab.org)

It has been demonstrated that chromatin, a complex of DNA and protein that makes up chromosomes, is important to nuclear mechanics and structures. (emerging-researchers.org)

In this work, we compare the organization of native and mercerized cellulose nanocrystals (CNC-I and CNC-II) adsorbed on the surface of hexadecane droplets dispersed in water at different CNC concentrations. (cea.fr)
Air samples were collected on a cellulose membrane filter and then extracted with N,N-diethylethanolamine. (cdc.gov)

Recently, structural MS methods have been shown to be promising tools to achieve this endeavour, including XL-MS and in-cell FPOP, yielding unprecedented insights into the structure and organisation of cellular macromolecular assemblies. (leeds.ac.uk)

2023 ). Imaging fluorescence cross-correlation spectroscopy showed that cargo import correlates with transient focusing of GFP-Pex13 and GFP-Pex14 on the peroxisome membrane. (tcdb.org)
CD spectroscopy and SAXS measurements revealed that BV and BV-Zn 2+ complexes make the apoMb structure more compact with higher α-helical content. (cea.fr)
By combining HP-fluorescence and HP-visible absorption spectroscopy , our strategy highlights the crucial role of tetrapyrrole-metal complexes in stabilising apoMb hydrophobic pocket. (cea.fr)

This philosophy from early in my scientific career stuck with me, and I believe was instrumental in my lab's contribution to the discovery of multivalency-driven liquid-liquid phase separation as a general principle in cell organization. (hymanlab.org)

From a fundamental viewpoint, the interest in lipid phase behaviour stems from the nature and the thermodynamics of phase transitions, the mechanisms behind lipid miscibility and lateral phase separation, and the existence of critical phenomena [ 8 ]. (hindawi.com)

In the first campaign now completed, about 200 l of fuel were produced in several phases to study the optimum synthesis process, possibilities of using the heat produced, and product properties. (sciencedaily.com)

Debackere and Rappa (1994) have suggested that technological paradigms typically emerge in two phases: bootlegging and bandwagon. (hyle.org)

I am basically a Liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry specialist for the Bionanosience department. (basyc.nl)

The reverse-phase chromatographic assay uses an alkaline mobile phase with UV detection. (cdc.gov)

As such, the organization is typically robust and able to survive or self-repair substantial perturbation. (wikipedia.org)

Despite its prominence and importance, our understanding of how the nucleus and its DNA are organized in space and time-and the implications of that organization for proper function-has lagged behind that of other cellular structures. (cshlpress.com)

Written and edited by experts in the field, this collection from Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Biology covers recent advances in our understanding of nuclear organization and function. (cshlpress.com)
Our group has also found that heterochromatin contributes to the stiffness of the nuclear membrane. (emerging-researchers.org)

Our research focuses on macromolecular and colloidal assemblies but also complex externally driven assembly in soft matter. (aalto.fi)

Both techniques give consistent phase diagrams, which compare well with literature results, showing their capability to map the phase behaviour of pure lipids as well as lipid mixtures. (hindawi.com)

In the case of two-component polymer solutions, phase separation is induced within the cell size space even under conditions that maintain a uniform phase in bulk. (uni-muenchen.de)
Typically, flow electrification occurs via diffusion of electric-charge carriers (ions) from the electrical double layer, which is inevitably formed between a liquid-solid interface, to the bulk of the flow. (aps.org)

Instead, when absent, there are alterations in musculoskeletal connective tissue ECM structure, organization, and function, as well as altered skeletal cell phenotypes. (bvsalud.org)
Three prizes were awarded to six researchers working across the life sciences on cellular organization, protein structure, and the genetic underpinnings of a chronic sleep disorder. (the-scientist.com)
We probed the effects of biliverdin (BV) binding and its complex with Zn 2+ ions on the structure and HP stability of apoMb. (cea.fr)
HN - 2008 BX - Lateral Sinus MH - Atrial Septum UI - D054087 MN - A07.541.459.249 MS - The thin membrane-like muscular structure separating the right and the left upper chambers (HEART ATRIA) of a heart. (bvsalud.org)

A growing body of evidence suggests that cell division and basement membrane invasion are mutually exclusive cellular behaviors. (elifesciences.org)

The phase transitions of binary lipid mixtures are studied by a combination of Peltier-element-based adiabatic scanning calorimetry (pASC) and quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation monitoring (QCM-D). pASC, a novel type of calorimeter, provides valuable and unambiguous information on the heat capacity and the enthalpy, whereas QCM-D is proposed as a genuine way of determining phase diagrams by analysing the temperature dependence of the viscosity. (hindawi.com)

This subcomplex also exists in the peroxisome membrane. (tcdb.org)

2018 ). Pex5p and Pex7p have been shown to traverse the membrane ( Kerssen et al . (tcdb.org)

Organoids are in vitro models that closely replicate the complex physiology of native tissues while also being accessible, reproducible, and scalable like traditional culture methods. (sigmaaldrich.com)
Patterns are ubiquitous in living systems and underlie the dynamic organization of cells, tissues, and embryos. (mpi-cbg.de)

Composition of pigments from four species of brown seaweeds (Phaeophyceae) collected from Panjang Island, Central Java, Indonesia, was investigated with spectroscopic method and reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC). (pdfslide.us)

Lipid rafts are local assemblies of highly concentrated sphingolipids and cholesterol in the cell membrane. (frontiersin.org)

During this phase then, the community will be highly concentrated among a small number of organizations, and the yearly increase in number of researchers is fairly moderate ( ibid. ). (hyle.org)

Mounting evidence suggests that the genetic disorders/mutation and diseases change not only the protein expression patterns but also membranes themselves. (lu.se)

In the nuclei of VU cells, residual NHR-67 protein is compartmentalized into discrete punctae that are dynamic over the cell cycle and exhibit liquid-like properties. (elifesciences.org)
This is particularly the case in petrochemical and process industries, in which several accidents have occurred in the past due to the dielectric properties of liquid hydrocarbons. (aps.org)

The R&D community is typically distributed across organizations, sectors, and countries. (hyle.org)

This work can be considered as a departure point for further investigations on more complex lipid mixtures displaying relevant phases such as the liquid-ordered phase and solid-lipid interfaces with biologically functional importance. (hindawi.com)

With these molecules in hand, it became possible to investigate the phase behaviour of liquid ordered/liquid disordered supported membranes doped with the Gb 3 species by means of fluorescence and atomic force microscopy. (springer.com)

Anatomy43

Organisms12

Diseases1

Chemicals and Drugs69

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment53

Psychiatry and Psychology2

Phenomena and Processes63

Disciplines and Occupations6

Technology, Industry, Agriculture9

Information Science5

Health Care10

Proteins26

Lipid membranes1

Compartments4

LLPS7

Undergoes liquid-liquid phase separation1

Biological9

Organisms3

Receptor6

Receptors2

Plasma membrane1

Protein complexes2

Self-organization10

Localization3

Dynamical1

PROCESSES4

Viral1

Vesicles3

Dynamics3

Polyelectrolyte1

Molecular2

Neutron reflectometry1

Polymers1

20172

Organelles2

Mechanics1

Cellulose2

Structural1

Spectroscopy3

Principle1

Mechanisms1

Synthesis1

Emerge1

Mass spectrometry1

Detection1

Robust1

Nucleus1

Nuclear2

Macromolecular1

Lipids1

Bulk2

Structure4

Behaviors1

Heat1

Subcomplex1

20181

Tissues2

Chromatography1

Assemblies1

Highly concentrated1

Patterns1

Properties2

Typically1

Interfaces1

Molecules1