• Vaccination is used for close contacts of patients with meningococcal disease due to A, C, Y, or W135 serogroups, to prevent secondary cases. (medscape.com)
  • Of the 12 known capsule serogroups, A, B, C, W135, and Y -- plus sometimes X -- are the main ones which cause meningococcal disease. (cdc.gov)
  • Currently there are safe and effective vaccines against meningococcal disease caused by serogroups A, C, W135, and Y. Meningococcal vaccines are recommended for all 11 to 12 year olds, with a booster at 16. (cdc.gov)
  • Meningococcal strains can be classified into 12 serogroups phenotypically and into sequence types (STs) by multilocus sequence typing ( 1 ). (cdc.gov)
  • The Hajj pilgrimage in Saudi Arabia has been associated with two major outbreaks of meningococcal meningitis caused by N. meningitidis serogroups A and W135, resulting in the global dissemination of meningococcal disease in 1987 and also in 2000 respectively. (who.int)
  • The principles described also apply to suspected outbreaks caused by meningococcal serogroups A, Y, and W-135. (cdc.gov)
  • Invasive meningococcal disease caused by some serogroups is vaccine preventable and endemic in Canada, with increased activity occurring periodically in the winter months. (canada.ca)
  • While serogroup distribution may vary from year to year, serogroups B, C, and Y cause most cases of meningococcal disease in the United States. (formularywatch.com)
  • Meningococcal conjugate (MenACWY) vaccine targets serogroups A, C, W, and Y, and provides no protection against nongroupable N. meningitidis . (cdc.gov)
  • It may be used in children, especially in those with meningitis caused by Haemophilus influenzae . (medscape.com)
  • Examples include the meningococcal, Haemophilus influenzae type B (Hib), and pneumococcal vaccines. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • Haemophilus vaccine (HiB vaccine) in children helps prevent one type of bacterial meningitis. (rxwiki.com)
  • Several vaccines protect against meningitis, including meningococcal, Haemophilus influenzae type b and pneumococcal vaccines. (ecogreennews.com)
  • GlaxoSmithKline will provide additional details on when the vaccine MenHibrix (meningococcal groups C and Y and Haemophilus b tetanus toxoid conjugate vaccine) will be available in the near future, the company said. (formularywatch.com)
  • Marc Merlin] Besides vaccines, are there things people can do to protect themselves from getting meningitis? (cdc.gov)
  • Leonard Mayer] Vaccines are the best strategy to prevent meningococcal disease. (cdc.gov)
  • As scientists advance in their understanding of meningitis, they have developed several vaccines that offer protection against the disease. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • In areas where vaccines are not available, the mumps virus is responsible for 10-20% of viral meningitis cases. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • For more on meningococcal vaccines, see information from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). (publichealthinsider.com)
  • The epidemiology of bacterial meningitis in the UK has changed dramatically in the past two decades following the introduction of vaccines to control H influenzae type b, serogroup C meningococcus and pneumococcal disease. (posticu.org)
  • A variety of routine childhood and adolescent meningococcal vaccination programs using monovalent (serogroup C) and quadrivalent (A, C, Y, W) conjugate vaccines have been implemented in Canada since 2002, resulting in a decrease in invasive meningococcal disease (IMD) incidence, particularly in serogroup C. Meningococcal vaccines have also been used for outbreak response, including the multicomponent vaccine serogroup B vaccine. (canada.ca)
  • Since the early 2000s, a variety of routine childhood and adolescent vaccination programs using monovalent (serogroup C) and quadravalent (serogroup A, C, Y and W-135) meningococcal conjugate vaccines have been implemented in Canada Footnote 3 . (canada.ca)
  • Vaccines exist for many forms of bacterial and viral meningitis, and they have proven to be the most effective strategy to control and prevent outbreaks. (emmanuelosemotafoundation.org)
  • In Kenya, the Immunization Schedule is given by the Division of Vaccines and Immunizations (DVI) in the Ministry of Health and is commonly known as KEPI (Kenya Expanded Programme on Immunization). (aarhospital.com)
  • Specific vaccines are available and can prevent certain types of meningitis. (rxwiki.com)
  • It is time to tackle meningitis globally once and for all -by urgently expanding access to existing tools like vaccines, spearheading new research and innovation to prevent, detecting and treating the various causes of the disease, and improving rehabilitation for those affected. (ecogreennews.com)
  • While research is underway to develop vaccines for other causes of meningitis, such as Group B Strep bacteria, there remains an urgent need for innovation, funding and research to develop more meningitis-preventive vaccines. (ecogreennews.com)
  • Anyone in those groups who more than five years ago received their MenACWY vaccine - one of two types of meningococcal vaccines available in the U.S. - is also encouraged to get vaccinated. (storiescover.com)
  • MenHibrix gives healthcare providers the option of combining Hib immunization with meningococcal C and Y immunization without increasing the number of shots for infants and toddlers," said Leonard Friedland, MD, vice president, head, clinical and medical affairs, North America Vaccine Development, GSK Vaccines, in a press release. (formularywatch.com)
  • Hib most commonly presents as meningitis, and it was the leading cause of bacterial meningitis in the United States among children younger than 5 years of age before the introduction of effective Hib vaccines. (formularywatch.com)
  • Serogroup B meningococcal (MenB) vaccines are licensed specifically for protection against serogroup B meningococcal disease. (cdc.gov)
  • Should administer meningococcal vaccines at least 2 weeks prior to administering the first dose of eculizumab, unless the risks of delaying eculizumab therapy outweigh the risks of developing a meningococcal infection, according to the product label. (cdc.gov)
  • Meningococcal diseases include meningococcal meningitis (see below) and meningococcaemia (also known as meningococcal septicaemia), which is an infection of the blood. (who.int)
  • MenACWY vaccine directly protects vaccinated people from four different strains of meningococcal meningitis and septicaemia (groups A, C, W & Y) and also stops them from carrying the bacteria in the back of the nose and throat. (meningitis.org)
  • IMD commonly presents with meningitis and septicaemia. (who.int)
  • The illness can cause septicaemia (blood poisoning) and meningitis (inflammation of the membranes around the brain and spinal cord). (hawthorneclinic.com.au)
  • As well as causing meningitis and septicaemia - often simultaneously - meningococcal disease can lead to pneumonia (lung infection), septic arthritis, and conjunctivitis (eye infection). (hawthorneclinic.com.au)
  • This NICE Pathway covers diagnosis and management of bacterial meningitis and meningococcal septicaemia in children and young people (under 16 years) in primary and secondary care. (posticu.org)
  • It most commonly presents as bacterial meningitis (15% of cases of N meningitidis) or septicaemia (25% of cases), or as a combination of the two presentations (60% of cases). (posticu.org)
  • Bacterial meningitis and meningococcal septicaemia are managed in different ways, therefore it is important that healthcare professionals are able to recognise them and manage them accordingly. (posticu.org)
  • Anyone can be affected by meningitis and septicaemia, but there are certain factors which may put you at greater risk. (alpinistory.ru)
  • Health officials are warning Florida residents about a "large" outbreak of a potentially fatal bacterial illness known as meningococcal disease that's primarily affecting gay and bisexual men. (storiescover.com)
  • Meningococcal septicemia, which is characterized by rapid circulatory collapse and a hemorrhagic rash, is a more severe, but less common, form of meningococcal disease. (medscape.com)
  • Meningococcal disease is potentially fatal and always should be viewed as a medical emergency. (medscape.com)
  • Recent outbreaks of serogroup B meningococcal disease on a few college campuses have heightened concerns for this potentially deadly disease. (medscape.com)
  • Marc Merlin] Hi, I'm Marc Merlin and today I'm talking with Dr. Leonard Mayer, a public health microbiologist specializing in meningococcal disease at CDC. (cdc.gov)
  • Our conversation is based on a study about invasive meningococcal capsular group Y disease in England and Wales, which appears in CDC's journal, Emerging Infectious Diseases . (cdc.gov)
  • Marc Merlin] Dr. Mayer, what is meningococcal disease? (cdc.gov)
  • Such invasive meningococcal disease is a serious, life-threatening illness requiring prompt medical treatment. (cdc.gov)
  • Other types of meningococcal disease, such as pneumonia, can also occur. (cdc.gov)
  • Over the past 10 to 20 years, the proportion of meningococcal disease caused by Men Y has changed in several countries, including the United States, and from this study, the United Kingdom, too. (cdc.gov)
  • It was designed to monitor any changes in the number of cases of meningococcal disease, changes in the syndrome or type of disease, changes in the age group affected, and changes in the bacteria causing disease. (cdc.gov)
  • Leonard Mayer] Comparing 2007 to 2009, there was a slight decrease in the number of cases of meningococcal disease, but the proportion caused by Men Y doubled. (cdc.gov)
  • Leonard Mayer] Meningococcal disease in the US is rare, with about 1,000 cases reported each year. (cdc.gov)
  • The clone that increased the most in the UK study during the study time period is similar to the one causing about one third of all meningococcal disease in the US over the past several years. (cdc.gov)
  • Meningococcal disease can be fatal in 10 to 15percent of cases and result in long-term disabilities in 15 percent of survivors. (cdc.gov)
  • If someone you've been in close contact with gets meningococcal disease, your doctor or health department may recommend antibiotics to prevent you from getting infected. (cdc.gov)
  • The main manifestations of this disease are septicemia or meningitis. (cdc.gov)
  • The largest disease burden occurs in an area of sub-Saharan Africa known as the meningitis belt, which stretches from Senegal and the Gambia in West Africa to Ethiopia in the East and includes 26 countries in total. (who.int)
  • The MenACWY vaccine was introduced in the UK in August 2015 to protect teenagers against a harmful strain of meningococcal W (MenW) disease which had been rapidly rising since 2009. (meningitis.org)
  • For example, in 2014/15 MenW accounted for 24% of cases of meningococcal disease in England compared to only 1-2% in 2008/9. (meningitis.org)
  • The strain (ST-11) was identified using the MRF Meningococcal Genome Library to be a particular strain responsible for causing high disease rates and very high fatality rates in South America. (meningitis.org)
  • On March 22, CDC published Prevention and Control of Meningococcal Disease: Recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) . (immunize.org)
  • This report compiles and summarizes all recommendations from CDC's Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) regarding prevention and control of meningococcal disease in the United States, specifically the changes in the recommendations published since 2005 (CDC. (immunize.org)
  • military recruits, and persons who travel to or reside in areas in which meningococcal disease is hyperendemic or epidemic). (immunize.org)
  • Guidelines for antimicrobial chemoprophylaxis and for evaluation and management of suspected outbreaks of meningococcal disease also are provided. (immunize.org)
  • The type of pathogen that causes meningitis influences its symptoms and the severity of the disease. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) , non- polio enteroviruses are the leading cause of viral meningitis in the United States. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • Studies show a higher rate of fungal meningitis in children with a hematological disease such as leukemia or children who have undergone a hematopoietic stem cell or solid organ transplant . (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • This can cause a delay in meningitis diagnosis and allow the disease to become more serious. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • A resident of a homeless shelter in Seattle tested positive for bacterial meningitis ( meningococcal disease ) on March 18. (publichealthinsider.com)
  • The bacteria that causes meningococcal disease spreads through direct contact with infectious saliva or respiratory droplets (e.g. being coughed, sneezed or spit on, sharing utensils, bottles, cigarettes or pipes). (publichealthinsider.com)
  • People do not catch them through casual contact or by breathing air where someone with meningococcal disease has been, so the risk of spread of bacterial meningitis to the general public is very low. (publichealthinsider.com)
  • Several types of meningococcal bacteria can cause disease in individuals. (publichealthinsider.com)
  • Meningococcal disease most commonly affects infants, teens, and young adults. (publichealthinsider.com)
  • For more information on meningococcal disease, go to Public Health's webpage . (publichealthinsider.com)
  • Approval was based on three randomized studies in about 2800 adolescents, in which 82% of subjects given three doses of the vaccine developed antibodies against four different N meningitidis serogroup B strains representative of those that cause serogroup B meningococcal disease in the United States, compared with less than 1% prior to vaccination. (medscape.com)
  • From December 2016 to February 2017, two cases of invasive meningococcal disease and one case of meningococcal conjunctivitis, all serogroup W, occurred in Aboriginal children in the Ceduna region of South Australia. (who.int)
  • 5 meningococcal disease (IMD). (who.int)
  • Outbreaks of serogroup C meningococcal disease (SCMD) have been occurring more frequently in the United States since the early 1990s, and the use of vaccine to control these outbreaks has increased. (cdc.gov)
  • The ability to validate some aspects of these recommendations is currently limited by incomplete reporting of serogroup information in most systems for meningococcal disease surveillance in the United States and by the relative rarity of SCMD and SCMD outbreaks. (cdc.gov)
  • endemic meningococcal disease. (cdc.gov)
  • This report provides public health professionals (i.e., epidemiologists in state and local health departments) with guidelines for determining whether mass vaccination should be implemented to prevent meningococcal disease. (cdc.gov)
  • Meningococcal disease manifests most commonly as meningitis and/or meningococcemia that can progress rapidly to purpura fulminans, shock, and death. (cdc.gov)
  • Positive antigen test results from urine or serum samples are unreliable for diagnosing meningococcal disease. (cdc.gov)
  • What is meningococcal disease? (hawthorneclinic.com.au)
  • The highest rate of meningococcal disease occurs in children under five years of age, although this has decreased since the introduction of the free meningococcal C vaccine under the National Immunisation Program. (hawthorneclinic.com.au)
  • Meningococcal W disease has a higher death rate than meningococcal C and meningococcal B infections and may be fatal in about 1 in 10 cases. (hawthorneclinic.com.au)
  • People with meningococcal disease can become extremely unwell very quickly. (hawthorneclinic.com.au)
  • Globally there are 13 strains of meningococcal disease, the most common being A, B, C, W135 and Y. The two most common strains of meningococcal disease in Australia are B and C. (hawthorneclinic.com.au)
  • The reason the Government is vaccinating 15 to 19 year olds is to reduce the risk of meningococcal disease caused by strains A, C, W and Y in this age group, and to reduce the spread of meningococcal disease caused by these strains. (hawthorneclinic.com.au)
  • Meningococcal disease is the leading infectious cause of death in early childhood. (posticu.org)
  • The control of meningococcal disease is therefore a priority for clinical management (as well as public health surveillance and control). (posticu.org)
  • Invasive meningococcal disease is a rare but severe infection in Canada that mostly affects the very young. (canada.ca)
  • National enhanced case-based surveillance has been conducted in Canada since 1995 through the Public Health Agency of Canada's Enhanced Invasive Meningococcal Disease Surveillance System (eIMDSS). (canada.ca)
  • The New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene is currently investigating a cluster of invasive meningococcal disease - commonly known as meningitis - among HIV-positive men who have. (outbreaknewstoday.com)
  • Advances in the prevention and treatment of an often fatal condition called bacterial meningitis appear to be paying dividends in the United States, report infectious disease experts at The University. (outbreaknewstoday.com)
  • Meningitis is a severe disease which can progress quickly. (healthsdigest.com)
  • Influenza , commonly called the flu or trangkaso , is a contagious viral disease. (ivanhenares.com)
  • There are several different groups of meningococcal bacteria that cause disease. (alpinistory.ru)
  • The most common disease causing groups are meningococcal A, B, C, W and Y. Bacterial meningitis is a severe infection of the lining of the brain or spinal cord caused by bacteria. (alpinistory.ru)
  • Meningococcal disease is a very serious illness caused by bacteria. (alpinistory.ru)
  • These issues have been handy in disease outbreaks like meningococcal meningitis and also have been useful in disasters like Tsunami, floods in Bihar, Cyclone (Aila) in West Bengal, etc. (ncdc.gov.in)
  • Commonly occurring as a secondary infection, it's an extremely severe form of the disease with a high risk of life-threatening complications. (emmanuelosemotafoundation.org)
  • Meningitis is a global health concern, with certain regions bearing a higher disease burden. (emmanuelosemotafoundation.org)
  • This area regularly experiences meningitis epidemics, particularly meningococcal meningitis, a devastating form of the disease that can lead to large-scale outbreaks with high fatality rates. (emmanuelosemotafoundation.org)
  • We later learned that Penny had died from meningococcal meningitis type W. This disease hides behind symptoms that you'd get with common everyday illnesses which makes it so hard to know when it's something more dangerous. (meningitis.org)
  • This report published in Communicable Diseases Intelligence Volume 24, No 11, November 2000 contains information on the enhanced surveillance for meningococcal disease in Queensland in 1999. (health.gov.au)
  • Before 1999, only laboratory-confirmed cases of invasive meningococcal disease (IMD)* were routinely notified in Queensland. (health.gov.au)
  • for the calculation of timeliness of hospitalisation refers to this episode of illness, and includes the spectrum of disease from those who were mildly unwell initially to those with classic meningococcal disease. (health.gov.au)
  • Meningitis is a disease caused by the inflammation of the membranes covering the brain and spinal cord known as the meninges. (rxwiki.com)
  • and any other clinicians with an interest in or who commonly encounter patients eligible for vaccination against meningococcal disease. (scientiacme.org)
  • The World Health Organization (WHO) and partners on Tuesday 28 September 2021 launched the first ever global strategy to defeat meningitis - a debilitating disease that kills hundreds of thousands of people each year. (ecogreennews.com)
  • By 2030, the goals are to eliminate epidemics of bacterial meningitis - the most deadly form of the disease - and to reduce deaths by 70% and halve the number of cases. (ecogreennews.com)
  • More than half a billion Africans are at risk of seasonal meningitis outbreaks but the disease has been off the radar for too long," said Dr Matshidiso Moeti, WHO Regional Director for Africa. (ecogreennews.com)
  • Meningococcal disease is caused by a bacteria spread through close contact with others. (awayclinic.com)
  • Meningococcal vaccine, which protects against meningococcal disease. (baturetnostudio.com)
  • Meningococcal disease is caused by bacteria and is a leading cause of bacterial meningitis - a serious infection around the brain and spinal cord. (baturetnostudio.com)
  • So far this year, there have been 21 confirmed cases of meningococcal disease as of Monday, according to Florida Department of Health data. (storiescover.com)
  • There also have been cases of meningococcal disease reported among Florida college students in recent months, though "there is no evidence to suggest that the cases among college students are related to the larger outbreak," the CDC said. (storiescover.com)
  • Meningococcal disease is a rare but serious disease that is primarily spread by close or direct contact, such as kissing. (storiescover.com)
  • Meningococcal disease can commonly lead to two potentially fatal infections: meningitis - when the lining of the brain and spinal cord become infected - and bloodstream infection. (storiescover.com)
  • Getting vaccinated is the best way to protect against meningococcal disease," the Florida Department of Health said. (storiescover.com)
  • College students may choose to get a MenB vaccine, which is available for those between the ages of 16 and 23, to protect against meningococcal disease, the CDC said. (storiescover.com)
  • MenHibrix was developed to align with the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's recommended infant immunization schedule for Hib vaccination and to allow for vaccination against meningococcal groups C and Y without adding additional shots. (formularywatch.com)
  • Meningococcal disease is a rare but serious bacterial infection caused by the bacterium N. meningitidis . (formularywatch.com)
  • Whereas most human infections are asymptomatic, symptomatic infections commonly manifest as a systemic febrile illness and less commonly as neuroinvasive disease. (medscape.com)
  • Among the 42 West Nile virus disease cases with AFP, 12 (29%) also had encephalitis or meningitis. (medscape.com)
  • Eculizumab (Soliris®) recipients have a 1,000 to 2,000-fold greater risk of invasive meningococcal disease compared to the general U.S. population. (cdc.gov)
  • The Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved prescribing information for eculizumab includes a black box warning for increased risk of meningococcal disease, and the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) recommends meningococcal vaccination for all patients receiving eculizumab. (cdc.gov)
  • Could consider antimicrobial prophylaxis for the duration of eculizumab therapy to potentially reduce the risk of meningococcal disease. (cdc.gov)
  • Should maintain a high index of suspicion for meningococcal disease in patients taking eculizumab who present with any symptoms consistent with either meningitis or meningococcemia, even if the patient's symptoms initially appear mild, and irrespective of the patient's meningococcal vaccine or antimicrobial prophylaxis status. (cdc.gov)
  • McNamara LA, Topaz N, Wang X, Hariri S, Fox L, MacNeil J. High risk for invasive meningococcal disease among patients receiving eculizumab (Soliris ® ) despite receipt of meningococcal vaccination. (cdc.gov)
  • Meningococcus is the most common cause of bacterial meningitis in children and teens. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Beginning in 2010, in an effort to reduce the number of cases of meningococcus, a newly developed meningococcal A conjugate vaccine, known as MenAfriVac, was introduced to countries in the Meningitis Belt. (chop.edu)
  • In Australia, meningococcal infections caused by strain B & C are vaccine preventable in all age groups, including babies and young children. (hawthorneclinic.com.au)
  • Meningococcal infections are very serious and can result in long-term disability or even death. (blogspot.com)
  • But, bacterial meningitis infections are very serious. (alpinistory.ru)
  • Bacterial meningitis infections are usually severe. (alpinistory.ru)
  • Life-threatening and almost always severe, the consequences of meningitis aren't like other infections. (emmanuelosemotafoundation.org)
  • Of the various types of meningitis, viral and bacterial infections are contagious and can be transmitted through close contact (such as kissing) with another person, sneezing or coughing, as well as sharing eating utensils, a toothbrush or even a cigarette. (mymed.com)
  • Viral and bacterial infections are the most common cause of meningitis. (mymed.com)
  • Fungal meningitis isn't contagious, but can lead to chronic meningitis and also mimics bacterial meningitis infections. (mymed.com)
  • Chemical reactions, medication allergies and some types of inflammatory diseases (such as sarcoidosis) can result in non-infectious meningitis infections. (mymed.com)
  • The most common causes of meningitis are viral infections that usually get better without treatment. (rxwiki.com)
  • Meningitis is commonly caused by viral infections. (rxwiki.com)
  • Bacterial meningitis infections are very serious, and may result in death or brain damage, even if treated. (rxwiki.com)
  • Gantrisin (acetyl sulfisoxazole pediatric suspension) is a sulfonamide ("sulfa") antibiotic used to treat or prevent many different types of infections caused by bacteria, such as bladder infections, ear infections, or meningitis . (rxlist.com)
  • Health care providers should consider arboviral infections in the differential diagnosis of aseptic meningitis and encephalitis, obtain appropriate specimens for laboratory testing, and promptly report cases to public health authorities. (medscape.com)
  • Since the early 1900s, large and unpredictable outbreaks of meningococcal meningitis have occurred in regions of sub-Saharan Africa. (chop.edu)
  • The progressive introduction of a newly developed meningococcal A conjugate vaccine in 2012 led to a decrease in the number of cases, and mass preventive vaccination campaigns were successfully implemented throughout Sudan in 2013. (who.int)
  • ACIP recommends routine vaccination with a quadrivalent meningococcal conjugate vaccine (MenACWY) for adolescents aged 11 or 12 years, with a booster dose at age 16 years. (immunize.org)
  • BACKGROUND: In March 2017, Burkina Faso introduced meningococcal serogroup A conjugate vaccine (MACV) into the Expanded Programme on Immunization. (bvsalud.org)
  • Meningitis is an infection of the membranes covering the brain and spinal cord. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Meningitis is a life-threatening infection of the meninges (the three membranes that envelop the brain and spinal cord) that affects the brain and spinal cord. (who.int)
  • Meningitis is an inflammation of the protective tissues and fluid surrounding the brain and spinal cord. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • Meningitis is an acute inflammation of the protective membranes covering the brain and spinal cord, known collectively as the meninges. (duacentre.com)
  • Meningitis is a medical term that refers to an inflammation of the membranes that cover the brain and spinal cord (meninges). (alpinistory.ru)
  • Meningitis is the inflammation of the meninges (the membrane lining the brain and spinal cord). (alpinistory.ru)
  • Meningitis is an infection of the meninges (a thin lining covering the brain and spinal cord) caused by any one of a number of different bacteria. (alpinistory.ru)
  • Meningitis arises when the meninges, the protective layers surrounding our brain and spinal cord, become inflamed. (emmanuelosemotafoundation.org)
  • Meningitis refers to the life-threatening inflammation of the meninges-the structures found at the vertebral canal and skull enclosing the brain and spinal cord. (nursetogether.com)
  • This is a life threatening condition which includes meningitis, (inflammation of the membranes that surround the brain and spinal cord) and septicemia. (lifenlesson.com)
  • Meningitis is a dangerous inflammation of the membranes that surround the brain and spinal cord, predominantly caused by infection with bacteria and viruses. (ecogreennews.com)
  • It can cause infection of the brain and spinal cord (meningitis) and bloodstream. (awayclinic.com)
  • Meningococcal meningitis is of particular importance due to its potential to cause large epidemics. (who.int)
  • Epidemics in Africa are most prevalent in all or parts of 18 countries that stretch across sub-Saharan Africa, commonly referred to as the Meningitis Belt. (chop.edu)
  • This vaccine represents an affordable way to protect the millions of people at risk during the deadly group A meningococcal epidemics. (chop.edu)
  • Meningitis that is caused by bacterial infection tends to be the most serious - leading to around 250,000 deaths a year - and can cause fast-spreading epidemics. (ecogreennews.com)
  • Over the last ten years, meningitis epidemics have occurred in all regions of the world, though most commonly in the 'Meningitis Belt,' which spans 26 countries across Sub-Saharan Africa. (ecogreennews.com)
  • Smoking and close and prolonged contact with infected persons, as well as mass gatherings, such as the Haj pilgrimage, facilitate the spread of meningococcal meningitis. (who.int)
  • The inflammation may be caused by infection with viruses, bacteria, or other microorganisms, and less commonly by certain drugs. (duacentre.com)
  • N. Meningitis is caused by germs - either bacteria or viruses. (alpinistory.ru)
  • Viral meningitis, which is caused by viruses, can cause similar symptoms to bacterial meningitis. (alpinistory.ru)
  • It is most commonly caused by infectious organisms such as bacteria and viruses and less frequently caused by fungi and parasites. (nursetogether.com)
  • Many types of viruses can cause viral meningitis , which is serious but less severe than bacterial meningitis. (lifenlesson.com)
  • Viruses which can develop into meningitis include mumps, measles , HIV, influenza (flu), herpes simplex viruses and the West Nile virus. (mymed.com)
  • It commonly occurs in children and adults, though young children are more susceptible to the infection. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • This infection commonly occurs when bacteria from an upper respiratory infection enter the bloodstream. (alpinistory.ru)
  • Direct contact occurs most commonly via kissing. (lifenlesson.com)
  • 4. What type of reaction commonly occurs after the diphtheria, tetanus, and acellular pertussis (DTaP) vaccine? (saintpetershcs.com)
  • Deterrence and prevention of meningococcal meningitis can be achieved by either immunoprophylaxis or chemoprophylaxis. (medscape.com)
  • This strategy, the Global Roadmap to Defeat Meningitis by 2030, was launched by a broad coalition of partners involved in meningitis prevention and control at a virtual event, hosted by WHO in Geneva. (ecogreennews.com)
  • To prevent serious neurologic morbidity and death, prompt institution of antibiotic therapy is essential when the diagnosis of bacterial meningitis is suspected. (medscape.com)
  • Once an accurate diagnosis of meningococcal meningitis is established, appropriate changes can be made. (medscape.com)
  • Early diagnosis and treatment of bacterial meningitis is important in preventing serious complications. (rxwiki.com)
  • Meningitis is usually caused by a viral or bacterial infection. (alpinistory.ru)
  • A bacterial infection can be extremely life-threatening, while viral meningitis is typically less severe. (mymed.com)
  • Viral meningitis typically clears on its own, without much treatment and doesn't affect the brain as severely as a bacterial infection can. (mymed.com)
  • Additional causes of meningitis include fungal infection, chemical irritation, bleeding into the subarachnoid space surrounding the brain, and cancer. (who.int)
  • In most cases, fungal meningitis is an opportunistic infection - that is, it develops when the child's immune system gets weakened from another infection or treatment. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • The use of catheters , ventilators , and other invasive devices also increases the risk of fungal meningitis in children. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • Treatment typically involves antibiotics for bacterial cases, antivirals for viral cases, and antifungal medications for fungal meningitis. (emmanuelosemotafoundation.org)
  • If not treated with an antifungal medication, fungal meningitis can be life-threatening and is especially high risk for those with impaired immune systems or who regularly suffer immune deficiencies. (mymed.com)
  • Fungal meningitis can be caused by Cryptococcus , Histoplasma , Blastomyces , or Coccidioides . (rxwiki.com)
  • People with weakened immune systems, like those with HIV infection or cancer, are at higher risk for developing fungal meningitis. (rxwiki.com)
  • That said, children with bacterial meningitis are at a higher risk of developing complications with long-term effects. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • Most people with meningococcal infection fully recover, but one in thirty people who survive can develop longterm health complications including limb deformity, skin scarring, deafness and possible loss of brain function. (hawthorneclinic.com.au)
  • If the provider thinks meningitis is possible, a lumbar puncture ( spinal tap ) will likely be done to obtain a sample of spinal fluid for testing. (medlineplus.gov)
  • To confirm meningitis, patients undergo a lumbar puncture to obtain CSF and analyze its white blood cell count, glucose and protein content, and presence of bacteria. (nursetogether.com)
  • If meningitis is suspected, your doctor will order a lumbar puncture (spinal tap). (rxwiki.com)
  • Bacterial meningitis is a serious inflammation of the meninges caused by various bacteria. (alpinistory.ru)
  • Carcinomatous (a cancer-related inflammation of the meninges) is also a rare variation of meningitis. (mymed.com)
  • There are several types of bacteria which commonly cause this form of meningitis. (mymed.com)
  • Bacterial meningitis typically develops when any of these types of bacteria enter the body and gets into a person's bloodstream. (mymed.com)
  • The use of dexamethasone in the management of bacterial meningitis in adults remains controversial. (medscape.com)
  • In children, even when the combination of convulsive status epilepticus and fever exists, the classic signs and symptoms of acute bacterial meningitis may not be present. (medscape.com)
  • Although fever is one of the most telling signs of meningitis, it is often absent in babies younger than 3 months old. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • Oral herpes is most commonly referred to as "cold sores" or "fever blisters. (lifenlesson.com)
  • when they infect blood, it's called meningococcal bacteremia. (cdc.gov)
  • At this time we have a single case of meningitis, not an outbreak, and the risk to the public is low," said Dr. Jeff Duchin, Health Officer for Public Health - Seattle & King County. (publichealthinsider.com)
  • For the millions living in Africa's Meningitis Belt - stretching from Senegal to Ethiopia - the annual outbreak spells disaster. (emmanuelosemotafoundation.org)
  • Meningococcal vaccine is recommended for the control of SCMD outbreaks, which often affect older children and adults, for whom vaccination is effective. (cdc.gov)
  • The meningococcal vaccine is recommended for teens 11 through 18 years of age and for college freshmen living in dorms. (healthychildren.org)
  • High-risk groups for contracting infection include travellers to endemic areas including the sub-Saharan African meningitis belt, young children, adolescents and individuals living in crowded quarters Footnote 2 . (canada.ca)
  • A primary example is the 'meningitis belt' in sub-Saharan Africa , a swath of land that stretches from Senegal in the west to Ethiopia in the east. (emmanuelosemotafoundation.org)
  • Within the meningitis belt, the disease's impact extends beyond immediate health effects. (emmanuelosemotafoundation.org)