Common infectious causes of meningitis. Medical search. Frequent questions

Meningococcal disease-meningococcal meningitis or meningococcal septicemia, which are the two forms of this disease-are diseases that reappear from time to time. (smh.com)
ABIs can often be the result of things such as traumatic injury, tumors, seizures, deprivation of oxygen, substance abuse, and infectious diseases. (harcourthealth.com)
Extrapulmonary TB is an increasingly common form of tuberculosis, one of the world's deadliest infectious diseases, in which the bacterium causing TB travels outside the lungs and lodges itself in another part of the body. (pih.org)
How do infectious diseases affect health? (onteenstoday.com)
Most infectious diseases have only minor complications. (onteenstoday.com)
Microbes cause infectious diseases such as flu and measles. (onteenstoday.com)
There is also strong evidence that microbes may contribute to many non-infectious chronic diseases such as some forms of cancer and coronary heart disease. (onteenstoday.com)
In the U.S., 27 states have made infectious diseases a presumptive illness for fire fighters and emergency medical providers. (iaff.org)
This webpage offers basic information about common infectious diseases that can affect the health and safety of IAFF members and their family members. (iaff.org)
This program is intended to support the provisions of the IAFF Executive Board policy on infectious diseases. (iaff.org)
The policy has been updated by the IAFF due to current concern regarding the risk of transmission of HIV, hepatitis C, and other infectious diseases to emergency response personnel. (iaff.org)
Reports of at least three dozen cases of dangerous and often deadly viral sepsis in babies across Europe - along with increasing circulation of similar viruses that typically spike in the summer and early fall - have pediatric infectious diseases experts in the U.S. on edge. (nbcnews.com)
We are all on pins and needles here in the States," said Dr. David Kimberlin, a co-director of the division of pediatric infectious diseases at the University of Alabama at Birmingham. (nbcnews.com)
Our specialists treat common infectious diseases with antibiotics and other agents and offer preventative vaccines against infection. (cooperhealth.org)
For an appointment with a pediatric infectious diseases specialist, please call 800.8.COOPER ( 800.826.6737 ). (cooperhealth.org)
The Neisseria meningitides bacteria cause invasive diseases in the form of meningitis and sepsis. (aafp.org)
If not diagnosed and treated quickly, the effects of infectious diseases can be extremely serious. (moorebarlow.com)
Infectious diseases can affect any of us at any time and can have severe consequences if not diagnosed and treated quickly. (moorebarlow.com)
Infectious diseases are contagious and cause substantial damage which, if not detected and treated early enough, can ultimately result in death. (moorebarlow.com)
Infectious diseases are caused by microorganisms such as bacteria, viruses, fungi, and parasites that can spread from person to person or from animals to humans. (moorebarlow.com)
Effective prevention and treatment strategies are essential to control the spread of infectious diseases. (moorebarlow.com)
What are the common types of infectious diseases? (moorebarlow.com)
The medical care associated with infectious diseases varies greatly depending on the seriousness of your situation but can range from a course of treatment to amputation of limbs or even death. (moorebarlow.com)
This is among the recommendations in the first comprehensive guidelines on healthcare-associated ventriculitis and meningitis, which are being released by the Infectious Diseases Society of America (IDSA) and published in the journal Clinical Infectious Diseases. (infectioncontroltoday.com)
Due to the complexity of these infections, they need to be managed by a multidisciplinary team most often featuring infectious diseases (ID) specialists, neurologists, neurosurgeons and neurocritical care specialists, Tunkel said. (infectioncontroltoday.com)
Moreover, they are widely seen as critical for addressing emerging infectious diseases, for example by containing or limiting outbreaks of infectious diseases or combatting the spread of antimicrobial resistance. (who.int)

meningitis , abscess, and encephalitis . (medscape.com)
Sarah Gregory] I'm talking today with Dr. Rodrigo Hasbun about his study on West Nile virus testing in meningitis and encephalitis. (cdc.gov)
In the U.S. though, the most common arbovirus causing meningitis and encephalitis is West Nile virus. (cdc.gov)
Rodrigo Hasbun] Well approximately 50 to 70 percent of patients with meningitis and encephalitis are discharged home without knowing what caused their brain infection. (cdc.gov)
Rodrigo Hasbun] It was a retrospective study of adults and children admitted to 9 hospitals with meningitis or encephalitis in the greater Houston area from January 1, 2005 until December 31, 2010. (cdc.gov)
All the patients in our study were diagnosed with a brain infection, either meningitis or encephalitis, and all of them had a spinal tap done in the hospital. (cdc.gov)
Sarah Gregory] So many of these arboviruses seem to have many symptoms in common, including meningitis and encephalitis. (cdc.gov)
Rodrigo Hasbun] There are other arboviruses that cause meningitis and encephalitis in the United States besides West Nile. (cdc.gov)
Although rare, the Coxsackievirus can cause more severe issues that can involve the brain, such as viral meningitis and encephalitis. (mayoclinic.org)
Because encephalitis can happen during or after common viral illnesses, symptoms of these illnesses can start before encephalitis happens. (kidshealth.org)
Complications include encephalitis, aseptic meningitis, acute flaccid paralysis, pulmonary edema or hemorrhage and myocarditis. (canada.ca)
Common severe infections include encephalitis. (merckmanuals.com)
Many arboviruses cause neuroinvasive disease such as aseptic meningitis, encephalitis, or acute flaccid paralysis (AFP). (cdc.gov)

Patients with aseptic meningitis syndrome usually appear clinically nontoxic, with no vascular instability. (medscape.com)
Manifestations include a nonspecific minor illness (abortive poliomyelitis), sometimes aseptic meningitis without. (merckmanuals.com)

Viruses that cause once-common childhood infections, such as measles, mumps, and German measles. (kidshealth.org)

Meningitis is initiated when the causative bacteria colonize the mucosa of the nasopharynx and invade the bloodstream through the epithelial cells. (medscape.com)
Bacteria meningitis is an emergency and will require immediate treatment in a hospital. (rxwiki.com)
Bacteria meningitis is an emergency which requires immediate treatment in a hospital. (rxwiki.com)
When the immune system is weakened and cannot effectively attack the bacteria that has invaded the meninges and subarachnoid space, the result is inflammation (meningitis), which can also cause complications such as blood clots, cerebral edema, intracranial pressure, excess CSF in the brain, inflammation of cranial nerves resulting in deafness, vision problems, and other nerve problems. (mometrix.com)
If your child has a recurring, persistent or rare disease caused by bacteria, a fungus, parasite or other organism, Cooper's pediatric infectious disease experts can help. (cooperhealth.org)
Although usually thought of as a lung disease, the bacteria that cause TB can also cause meningitis (TBM) . (meningitisnow.org)

Though EBV is not the only virus that can cause infectious mononucleosis, it is the most common cause. (americanpregnancy.org)
Mono," or infectious mononucleosis, is a common infection that can result from EBV and among teenagers is often called the "kissing disease" due to its ease of transmission in saliva. (americanpregnancy.org)
What are the symptoms of infectious mononucleosis? (americanpregnancy.org)
The symptoms of infectious mononucleosis are similar to EBV but are more severe. (americanpregnancy.org)
If I get infectious mononucleosis from EBV, is there a different treatment? (americanpregnancy.org)
Infectious mononucleosis will need to be monitored by your doctor and the same above measures taken to reduce the symptoms, as well as an extended resting period. (americanpregnancy.org)
A syndrome of infectious mononucleosis that lacks severe pharyngitis is common. (merckmanuals.com)

Bacterial meningitis can be caused by Haemophilus influenzae (most often caused by type b, Hib), Streptococcus pneumoniae , group B Streptococcus , Listeria monocytogenes , and Neisseria meningitidis . (rxwiki.com)
Streptococcus pneumoniae and Neisseria bacterial meningitis. (who.int)

Streptococcus oralis is implicated in meningitis in patients with decreased immune function or from surgical manipulation of the central nervous system. (biomedcentral.com)
There are case studies of Streptococcus oralis causing meningitis in individuals with decreased immune function and with anatomic manipulation of the central nervous system. (biomedcentral.com)
Streptococcus oralis has caused meningitis in those with surgical manipulation of the dental cavity as well due to the anatomical location of the organism and propensity to cause meningitis in individuals [ 5 , 6 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
The most common organism implicated in meningitis from cerebrospinal fluid leaks is Streptococcus pneumoniae [ 7 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
We present a unique case of acute meningitis due to Streptococcus oralis extending from sinusitis in a 58-year-old female with a right sphenoid meningoencephalocele. (biomedcentral.com)
Streptococcus pneumoniae (pneumococcus) remains a leading infectious cause of serious illness among older adults in the United States, where it results in hospitalization or death for thousands each year. (aafp.org)

Outbreaks of bacterial meningitis fol owing these spinal injection procedures continue to be identified among patients whose procedures were performed by a healthcare provider who did not wear a facemask (e.g., may be labeled as surgical, medical procedure, or isolation mask),1 with the most recent occurrence in October 2010 (CDC unpublished data). (cdc.gov)
CDC has investigated multiple outbreaks of bacterial meningitis among patients undergoing spinal injection procedures. (cdc.gov)
Are meningitis outbreaks common? (smh.com)
What should people do to protect themselves from meningitis outbreaks? (smh.com)

Meningitis is the inflammation of the leptomeninges and the most common central nervous system (CNS) bacterial infection. (medscape.com)
In each of these outbreak investigations, nearly al spinal injection procedures that resulted in infection were performed by a common healthcare provider who did not wear a facemask. (cdc.gov)
People with weakened immune systems, like those with HIV infection or cancer, are at higher risk for developing fungal meningitis. (rxwiki.com)
Meningitis is a common brain infection that occurs both in bacterial form and in viral form. (harcourthealth.com)
In Emma's case, TB was living in her brain-causing her seizures, as well as secondary infection of meningitis. (pih.org)
however, an infectious disease workup revealed no evidence of either a bacterial or viral infection. (cancernetwork.com)
Bacterial meningitis is a bacterial infection of the meninges and subarachnoid space that can appear suddenly and progress very quickly. (mometrix.com)
The fire department must establish procedures for the evaluation of work limitations for employees with an infectious disease who in the course of performing their duties demonstrate evidence of functional impairment or inability to adhere to standard infection control practices or who present an excessive risk of infection to patients or fire department members. (iaff.org)
Tuberculous meningitis is an infection of the tissues covering the brain and spinal cord (meninges). (medlineplus.gov)
Meningitis by definition is inflammation of the membranes that cover the spinal cord and brain, normally due to infection. (hearingservicesofnashville.com)
This infection is the second most common cause of hearing loss in American young people. (hearingservicesofnashville.com)
The guidelines help clinicians determine when to suspect ventriculitis or meningitis and start patients on appropriate antimicrobial therapy while awaiting culture results to confirm the infection and organism causing it. (infectioncontroltoday.com)

At a follow-up visit 3 weeks after her hospitalization, the patient had no residual symptoms of meningitis. (cdc.gov)
Contact your doctor immediately if you have any symptoms of meningitis. (rxwiki.com)
The symptoms of meningitis include sudden high fever, stiff neck, and severe headache that seems abnormal. (harcourthealth.com)
Symptoms of meningitis then follow, including headache and a painful, stiff neck. (mometrix.com)

The most common strains causing Bornholm disease are Coxsackie B3 and A9. (wikipedia.org)
The most common cause of Bornholm disease, Coxsackie B virus, is shed in large amounts in the feces of infected persons and is spread primarily through the fecal-oral route. (wikipedia.org)
Bacterial meningitis remains a very important disease worldwide. (medscape.com)
[ 1 ] Since then, the overall incidence of bacterial meningitis has decreased, particularly during childhood, become more a disease of adults. (medscape.com)
[ 4 ] Data collected by the World Health Organization (WHO) and Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) through the Pediatric Bacterial Meningitis (PBM) Surveillance Network in Sub-Saharan Africa demonstrated that between 2002 and 2008, the incidence of bacterial meningitis among children younger than 5 years was still very high, with about 75,000 reported cases. (medscape.com)
The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) is concerned about the occurrence of bacterial meningitis among patients undergoing spinal injection procedures that require injection of material or insertion of a catheter into epidural or subdural spaces (e.g., myelogram, administration of spinal or epidural anesthesia, or intrathecal chemotherapy). (cdc.gov)
The first two time points represent the acute and sub-acute phase of bacterial meningitis, whereas the latter represent the recovery phase of the disease. (biomedcentral.com)
Here we describe the cellular pathways involved in the host response to experimental pneumococcal meningitis in specified disease states and brain regions. (biomedcentral.com)
Earlier this month, the Florida Department of Health and the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention both detected an ongoing outbreak of meningococcal disease (meningitis) in Florida, with the number of cases so far this year already surpassing the 5-year average. (smh.com)
Meningitis is a disease caused by the inflammation of the membranes covering the brain and spinal cord known as the meninges. (rxwiki.com)
The most common form of SCD found in North America is homozygous HbS disease (HbSS), an autosomal recessive disorder first described by Herrick in 1910. (medscape.com)
How does an infectious agent cause a disease? (onteenstoday.com)
Viral epidemics are well-known triggers for the onset of ME/CFS and the current COVID situation will most likely make the disease even more common. (ki.se)
Thankfully, due to vaccination and herd immunity, this disease is rare in Australia, but is very common overseas. (sydneyanimalhospitals.com.au)
Infectious Canine Hepatitis is a worldwide, contagious disease of dogs. (sydneyanimalhospitals.com.au)
Guidelines from Infectious Disease Society of America in diagnosing bacterial meningitis include blood cultures and computed tomography scan of the head without contrast in select populations to evaluate for any contraindications to lumbar puncture [ 8 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Hand-foot-mouth disease ( HFMD ) or vesicular stomatitis with exanthem is a common childhood condition. (canada.ca)
The issue of infectious (communicable) disease in the fire service has been well established as a very serious concern. (iaff.org)
Infectious disease is an area of rapidly changing conditions. (iaff.org)
The issue of infectious (communicable) disease in the fire service continues to take on an urgent meaning with fire fighter's risks of contracting AIDS, hepatitis, pertussis and MRSA. (iaff.org)
The fire department physician must evaluate fire fighter, EMT and paramedic job duties to determine job limitations, if any, in the event of an individual's contraction of an infectious disease. (iaff.org)
Infectious disease experts in the U.S. report a slight rise in enterovirus infections among newborns. (nbcnews.com)
We're hearing reports from around the country of all of our children's hospitals having some degree of significant enterovirus this summer," said Dr. Buddy Creech, a pediatric infectious disease doctor at Vanderbilt University Medical Center in Nashville, Tennessee. (nbcnews.com)
That's why it's critical for pediatricians to be on the lookout for the potential for severe illness in newborns, rather than "be behind the eight ball when things pick up and get out of control," said Dr. Kevin Messacar, a pediatric infectious disease specialist at Children's Hospital Colorado in Denver. (nbcnews.com)
The Children's Regional Hospital's infectious disease specialists provide consultative services for patients referred from throughout the southern New Jersey region as well as inpatient diagnosis and treatment. (cooperhealth.org)
The BCG vaccine may help prevent severe forms of TB, such as meningitis, in very young children who live in areas where the disease is common. (medlineplus.gov)
Pneumococcal disease can cause pneumonia, bacteremia, and meningitis. (aafp.org)
What is an infectious disease? (moorebarlow.com)
An infectious disease compensation claim is a legal process where an individual seeks compensation for contracting an infectious disease due to the negligence of another party, such as an employer or healthcare provider. (moorebarlow.com)
You have contracted an infectious disease following an operation. (moorebarlow.com)
This infectious disease causes loss of hearing. (hearingservicesofnashville.com)
Tuberculosis (TB) is a very common infectious disease worldwide. (meningitisnow.org)
Hearing loss is a symptom of this infectious disease. (reynoldsaudiology.com)

Although our patient had normal levels of serum IgG at the time of illness, viral meningitis may occur in agammaglobulinemic patients despite regular IVIG therapy ( 10 ). (cdc.gov)
The severity of illness and the treatment for meningitis will differ depending on the cause. (rxwiki.com)
These symptoms should only last as long as any other common illness, typically no longer than 1-2 weeks. (americanpregnancy.org)
Remember that many children and healthy adults will not experience any symptoms, or the symptoms may seem like a normal childhood illness or the common cold. (americanpregnancy.org)
common commensals in the gastrointestinal tract of animals, especially poultry, can cause acute gastrointestinal illness in humans through animal-to-human transmission. (biomedcentral.com)
Cases are most infectious during the first week of acute illness but may continue to shed virus in stool for weeks. (canada.ca)
There is an increased emphasis on unusual presentations of common illness and on esoteric causes. (bmj.com)
Meningitis can quickly become a life-threatening illness. (medlineplus.gov)

But some infections - such as pneumonia, AIDS and meningitis - can become life-threatening. (onteenstoday.com)

For meningitis, you get hit with a very severe headache, fever, and body aches. (smh.com)
Bacterial meningitis infections are usually severe. (rxwiki.com)
Meningitis is a common etiology of acquired severe-to-profound sensorineural hearing loss. (hearingreview.com)
Viral meningitis is the most common type of meningitis and is usually less severe than acute bacterial meningitis. (mometrix.com)

The most common meningococcal vaccine series usually starts at the age of 11 years. (smh.com)
Vaccination can help prevent some types of bacterial meningitis - pneumococcal vaccine, meningococcal vaccine, and haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) vaccine. (mometrix.com)

Viral infections are fairly common and can be caused by the adenovirus, herpes simplex and herpes zoster. (medicalnewstoday.com)
The most common causes of meningitis are viral infections that usually get better without treatment. (rxwiki.com)
Meningitis is commonly caused by viral infections. (rxwiki.com)
Meningitis has several different causes, the most common being bacterial and viral infections. (mometrix.com)

The incidence of meningitis due to H. influenzae and N. meningitidis showed a marked reduction after the introduction of the corresponding vaccines in 1998 and 2001 respectively, and S. pneumoniae became the predominant organism after Mycobacterium tuberculosis. (who.int)
But specifically, the Bristol group found an Actinobactor called Propionibacterium acnes ( P. Acnes ) in autopsied AD brains-a common organism, traditional felt to be non-pathogenic and commonly found on our skin which can cause, among other things, acne. (j-alz.com)
An infectious agent is simply an organism that is capable of getting past your defenses and then living/growing inside or you. (onteenstoday.com)
Our case is unique in highlighting S treptococcus oralis as the organism implicated in meningitis due to cerebrospinal fluid leak. (biomedcentral.com)

Haemophilus vaccine (HiB vaccine) in children helps prevent one type of bacterial meningitis. (rxwiki.com)

Specific vaccines are available and can prevent certain types of meningitis. (rxwiki.com)
The different types of meningitis may cause different symptoms and different types of treatment are needed. (mometrix.com)

L'incidence des méningites dues à H. influenzae et N. meningitidis a marqué une nette réduction après l'introduction des vaccins correspondants en 1998 et 2001 respectivement, et S. pneumoniae est devenu l'organisme prédominant après Mycobacterium tuberculosis. (who.int)
Tuberculous meningitis is caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis . (medlineplus.gov)

Despite the availability of effective antibiotic therapies, pneumococcal meningitis (PM) has a case fatality rate of up to 30% and causes neurological sequelae in up to half of the surviving patients. (biomedcentral.com)
The aim of this work is to describe the transcriptomic changes underlying the complex mechanisms of the host response to pneumococcal meningitis in a temporal and spatial context using a well characterized infant rat model. (biomedcentral.com)
The pneumococcal conjugate vaccine can prevent pneumococcal meningitis. (rxwiki.com)

These findings illustrate the risk of bacterial meningitis associated with droplet transmission of the oral flora from healthcare providers to patients during spinal injection procedures. (cdc.gov)

This retrospective analysis of reported cases of meningitis in Bahrain aimed to assess the trend in the incidence of bacterial meningitis from 1990 to 2013, before and after the introduction of new vaccines. (who.int)

How contagious is meningitis? (smh.com)
Common causes of viral meningitis include non-polio enteroviruses (which reside in the digestive tract and are very contagious), herpes simplex type 2, varicella-zoster, HIV, and various viruses spread by mosquitoes (such as West Nile virus). (mometrix.com)

The changing trend in the etiology of bacterial meningitis points to the need to study vaccination programme modifications, such as pneumococcal vaccine for the adult population, especially high-risk groups. (who.int)

Here we present the case of a 3-year-old girl with generalized lymphadenopathy and fever, in whom the cause of the symptoms was initially thought to be infectious. (cancernetwork.com)
How common is scarlet fever? (bmj.com)
Fever is generally defined as a temperature of ≥100.4°F (38.0°C) and is one of the most common reasons why children and their caregivers seek medical attention. (bmj.com)

Early diagnosis and treatment of bacterial meningitis is important in preventing serious complications. (rxwiki.com)

General physical findings in viral meningitis are common to all causative agents. (medscape.com)

In July 2019, Meningitis Now awarded full funding to this exciting project. (meningitisnow.org)

Staphylococcus meningitis after head trauma showing purulent exudates over the entire convexity, with associated cerebral edema and vascular congestion. (medscape.com)

Meningitis is an inflammation of the meninges (the layers of tissue that cover the brain and spinal cord) and of the subarachnoid space (the fluid-filled space between the meninges). (mometrix.com)

Though enteroviruses are common, cases of neonatal enteroviral sepsis have historically been rare. (nbcnews.com)

This type of meningitis usually will get better without any treatment. (rxwiki.com)

In the United States, the epidemiology of bacterial meningitis has changed dramatically in the last few decades, primarily due to the introduction of vaccination against common meningeal pathogens. (medscape.com)
There are several pathogens (types of germs) that can cause bacterial meningitis. (rxwiki.com)
Some common pathogens in each group are listed in the column on the right. (onteenstoday.com)
Cases ment, bacterial meningitis continues pathogens across countries. (who.int)

The Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), or human herpes virus 4, is a part of the human herpes virus family and is the most common human virus. (americanpregnancy.org)

Dehydration is a common complication. (mayoclinic.org)

Most common;acute purulent meningitis. (cdc.gov)

The image below depicts acute bacterial meningitis. (medscape.com)

Cerebrospinal fluid leak puts patients at increased risk for meningitis. (biomedcentral.com)
Cerebrospinal fluid leaks place patients at increased risk for meningitis. (biomedcentral.com)

These viruses are spread in various ways, depending on the virus, some more common in certain seasons. (mometrix.com)
Non-polio enteroviruses are common ribonucleic acid ( RNA ) viruses that are found worldwide. (canada.ca)

Hematogenous spread is the most common route, and the upper respiratory tract is the most common source of entry of microorganisms. (medscape.com)
Is meningitis exasperated by COVID or flu or other respiratory infections? (smh.com)
Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a common virus that affects the lungs, making breathing difficult. (aafp.org)

Most viral meningitis is caused by enteroviruses. (rxwiki.com)

Meningitis is a clinical syndrome characterized by inflammation of the meninges. (medscape.com)

N.Meningitidis;the only bacterium capable of generating epidemic meningitis. (cdc.gov)

You will not be able to tell if you have bacterial or viral meningitis by how you feel. (rxwiki.com)

It is one of the most common neurologic disorders of the cranial nerves (see the image below). (medscape.com)
Bell palsy is one of the most common neurologic disorders affecting the cranial nerves, and it is the most common cause of facial paralysis worldwide. (medscape.com)
Less common neurological manifestations, such as cranial nerve palsies, also occur. (cdc.gov)

AFP may result from anterior ("polio") myelitis, peripheral neuritis, or post-infectious peripheral demyelinating neuropathy (i.e. (cdc.gov)

Using this case as a backdrop, we discuss the wide range of systemic illnesses that the differential diagnosis of generalized lymphadenopathy encompasses-including infectious, autoimmune, and oncological disorders. (cancernetwork.com)
Patients with viral meningitis may have a history of preceding systemic symptoms (eg, myalgias, fatigue, or anorexia). (medscape.com)

Episode 3: Controversies in the Management of Tuberculous Meningitis What do you do when there are little data to guide your decision-making? (medscape.com)
Tuberculous meningitis is very rare in the United States. (medlineplus.gov)
Tuberculous meningitis is life threatening if untreated. (medlineplus.gov)
SURE + DP: Improving diagnosis and prognosis for paediatric tuberculous meningitis through the SURE treatment trial. (meningitisnow.org)

It was associated with high levels of morbidity and mortality when epidemics were common in the 18th and 19th centuries in Europe and the USA. (bmj.com)

If meningitis is suspected, your doctor will order a lumbar puncture (spinal tap). (rxwiki.com)
A retrospective study analyzing 111 patients with proven CSF leak from endoscopy, beta-2 transferrin, imaging, and/or fluorescein lumbar puncture had risk of meningitis of 19% over 12 years [ 7 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
A lumbar puncture ( spinal tap ) is an important test in diagnosing meningitis. (medlineplus.gov)

Anatomy8

Organisms19

Diseases62

Chemicals and Drugs22

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment17

Phenomena and Processes7

Information Science2

Named Groups1

Health Care9

Geographicals5

Diseases26

Encephalitis13

Aseptic meningitis2

Measles1

Bacteria6

Mononucleosis7

Neisseria2

Streptococcus6

Outbreaks4

Infection12

Symptoms of meningitis4

Disease33

Illness8

Pneumonia1

Severe4

Meningococcal2

Viral infections4

Organism4

Haemophilus1

Types of meningitis2

Tuberculosis2

Pneumococcal meningitis3

Risk of bacterial meningitis1

Incidence of bacterial meningitis1

Contagious2

Vaccine1

Fever3

Complications1

Causative1

20191

Staphylococcus1

Brain and spinal cord1

Sepsis1

Type of meningitis1

Pathogens4

Herpes1

Complication1

Purulent meningitis1

Acute bacterial1

Cerebrospinal fluid2

Viruses2

Respiratory3

Enteroviruses1

Meninges1

Bacterium1

Bacterial or viral1

Cranial3

Neuritis1

Systemic2

Tuberculous4

Epidemics1

Lumbar puncture3