• Especially, he is interested in investigating how epigenetic regulators and the chromatin landscape coordinate to control cell fate transition during lineage commitment. (nih.gov)
  • APR-246 (PRIMA-1(MET)), a small compound that restores functionality of mutant p53 in human tumor cells, could revert corneal epithelial lineage commitment and reinstate a normal p63-related signaling pathway. (nih.gov)
  • 19. EED and KDM6B coordinate the first mammalian cell lineage commitment to ensure embryo implantation. (nih.gov)
  • however, the mechanism by which these factors act to stably pattern gene expression and lineage commitment remains poorly understood. (skinsoc.org.sg)
  • They Dipyridamole only complete maturation in resident cells which hinders accurate lineage tracing research in traditional mammalian models greatly.1 We've been utilizing the zebrafish magic size to review mast cell advancement and specifically the transcriptional regulation of mast cell lineage commitment. (immune-source.com)
  • After the 2000s, organoids have been regarded as 3D structures growing from stem cells and consisting of organ-specific cell types that self-organize with spatially restricted lineage commitment [ 4 ]. (j-organoid.org)
  • Cartilage development is controlled by the highly synergistic proliferation and differentiation of growth plate chondrocytes, in which the Indian hedgehog (IHH) and parathyroid hormone-related protein-parathyroid hormone-1 receptor (PTHrP-PTH1R) feedback loop is crucial. (bvsalud.org)
  • ERN1 acts as a negative regulator of chondrocyte proliferation and differentiation in postnatal growth plates. (bvsalud.org)
  • Few studies, however, have been carried out to investigate the in vivo proliferation events of NP cells and the cellular contribution of a specific subpopulation of NP during postnatal growth or regeneration. (bvsalud.org)
  • 7 Among others, interleukin-3 (IL-3), formerly known as multi colony stimulating factor, has been implicated in survival, proliferation, and differentiation of HSC and hematopoietic progenitor populations. (haematologica.org)
  • Although transcription factors that regulate the acquisition of neuronal phenotype have been identified, many studies have also pointed at the importance of the coordinated control of proliferation and differentiation. (ca.gov)
  • Neural stem and progenitor cells undergo an important transition from proliferation to differentiation in the G1 phase of the cell cycle. (ca.gov)
  • Cyclin D proteins promote proliferation in G1 and typically are down-regulated before differentiation. (ca.gov)
  • The protein network analysis showed that the majority of the interacting proteins were associated with the cell cycle and cellular proliferation. (tmu.edu.tw)
  • Aberrant Notch signaling is associated with a wide range of human disorders from developmental syndromes to cancer.13 Notch signaling is involved in the fate determination of a variety of cell types including hematopoietic cells where it participates in differentiation proliferation and apoptosis.14 In mammals the Notch pathway consists of 4 Notch genes (Notch1-4) which encode transmembrane receptor proteins. (immune-source.com)
  • These cells are highly capable of stimulating cellular proliferation and differentiation. (surgisculpt.com)
  • In this study, we analyzed and compared proliferation, as well as osteogenic and chondrogenic differentiation of human adipose tissue-derived MSCs (hAD-MSC) using three different supplements: FCS, human serum (HS), and hPL in 2D. (frontiersin.org)
  • hPL-cultivated MSCs exhibited a higher proliferation and differentiation rate compared to HS- or FCS-cultivated cells. (frontiersin.org)
  • Stem cells resembling totipotent blastomeres from 2-cell stage embryos can arise spontaneously in mouse embryonic stem cell cultures and also can be induced to arise more frequently in vitro through down-regulation of the chromatin assembly activity of CAF-1. (wikipedia.org)
  • These induced cells exhibit similar traits to those of embryonic stem cells (ESCs) but do not require the use of embryos. (wikipedia.org)
  • Embryonic stem cells (ESCs) form 3D aggregates, called embryoid bodies, that recapitulate events involved with early embryogenesis (e.g., germ layer formation). (nih.gov)
  • human ESCs model was used to explore the effects of Cd exposure on cardiomyocyte formation and to model mesoderm differentiation and cardiac induction, allowing us to explore different developmental windows of Cd toxicity. (nih.gov)
  • We use human and mouse embryonic stem cells (ESCs) as a model to elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying the acquisition (somatic cell reprogramming) and maintenance of pluripotency and self-renewal. (cancer.gov)
  • However, the mechanisms by which the 2i condition impairs ESCs differentiation and whether RAS proteins are involved in this phenomenon was poorly understood. (cancer.gov)
  • Nonetheless, little is known about their role in the maintenance of pluripotency/self-renewal in ESCs or during embryogenesis and cell commitment. (cancer.gov)
  • Embryonic stem cells (ESCs) are promising research materials to investigate cell fate determination since they have the capability to differentiate. (yyu.edu.tr)
  • In the current study, our aim was to determine the effect of microenvironmental proteins with different concentrations on the capacity and differentiation capability of mouse ESCs (mESCs), combining the biochemical assays, imaging techniques, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, and unsupervised multivariate analysis. (yyu.edu.tr)
  • Stem cells are found in almost all the organs of the body and are named after their source: embryonic stem cells (ESCs), bone-marrow stem cells (BMSCs), adipose (from fat) stem cells (ASCs), etc. (surgisculpt.com)
  • To induce differentiation toward hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) in vitro, ESCs were cultured in methylcellulose with stem cell factor, interleukin (IL)-3, and IL-6. (rupress.org)
  • 13. Phosphorylation of Tet3 by cdk5 is critical for robust activation of BRN2 during neuronal differentiation. (nih.gov)
  • These data identify a cell cycle-independent function for Cyclin D1 in promoting neuronal differentiation, along with a potential genetic pathway through which this function is exerted. (ca.gov)
  • This characteristic is found in embryonic blastomeres but rarely detected in cultured mESCs, which are considered to be pluripotent due to their ability to originate the three embryonic germ layers but their inability to differentiate towards extra-embryonic tissues. (cancer.gov)
  • The aim of this program is to support research efforts towards a complete description of the molecular and cellular components of erythropoiesis and how these components function to achieve normal erythropoiesis. (nih.gov)
  • Deciphering the molecular basis of pluripotency is fundamental to our understanding of development and embryonic stem (ES) cell function. (berkeley.edu)
  • The studies provide valuable insights into cellular events and molecular mechanisms associated with Cd-induced congenital heart disease. (nih.gov)
  • 1 , 2 This disease can arise from many distinct etiologies that elicit diverse cellular and molecular responses during cardiac development. (nih.gov)
  • Experimental approaches and technologies typically include, but are not limited to cellular, molecular, genetic, genomic/proteomic and use of transgenic models. (nih.gov)
  • At the molecular level, in fact, a gradual weakening of the cellular processes regulating cardiovascular homeostasis occurs in aging cells. (hindawi.com)
  • Activation of the cellular senescence genetic program prompts a series of molecular changes, mostly affecting cell cycle, extracellular matrix (ECM), secretion of growth factors, and inflammatory mediators. (hindawi.com)
  • We thus investigated the molecular substrate that could explain the coordination of those two cellular processes. (ca.gov)
  • Proteome analysis of hESC differentiation to neural cells will help to further define molecular mechanisms involved in neurogenesis in humans. (tmu.edu.tw)
  • These results enhanced our understanding of the molecular dynamics that underlie neural commitment and differentiation. (tmu.edu.tw)
  • Emerging research suggests that ethanol can impair mammalian development by interfering with the execution of molecular programs governing differentiation. (nih.gov)
  • Relatively low concentrations of alcohol are known to adversely affect aspects of cognitive function and behavior, yet little is known about how low-dose alcohol affects brain function, including what molecular and cellular targets mediate its initial rewarding effects. (nih.gov)
  • Dr. Kelley's laboratory works on the cellular and molecular development of the mammalian cochlea. (nih.gov)
  • In the spectrum of cell potency, totipotency represents the cell with the greatest differentiation potential, being able to differentiate into any embryonic cell, as well as any extraembryonic cell. (wikipedia.org)
  • In contrast, pluripotent cells can only differentiate into embryonic cells. (wikipedia.org)
  • In 2011, research revealed that cells may differentiate not into a fully totipotent cell, but instead into a "complex cellular variation" of totipotency. (wikipedia.org)
  • EEC-iPSC from both patients showed early ectodermal commitment into K18(+) cells but failed to further differentiate into K14(+) cells (epidermis/limbus) or K3/K12(+) cells (corneal epithelium). (nih.gov)
  • They looked at eight types of cells in various stages of commitment, including very early blood stem cells that had yet to differentiate into red and white blood cells. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
  • However, at the onset of differentiation, REST expression diminishes, and cells differentiate to become neurons (left hand side). (mdanderson.org)
  • During mouse development ( Fig. 1 ), inner cell mass (ICM) cells of the blastocyst differentiate and contribute to the epiblast and the extra-embryonic endoderm lineages. (biologists.com)
  • At gastrulation, the multipotent epiblast cells differentiate into the three germ layers: the ectoderm, mesoderm (including embryonic and extra-embryonic cell lineages) and endoderm. (biologists.com)
  • His research primarily focuses on understanding epigenomic regulation of cell fate transition, with a particular emphasis on the role of chromatin remodeling complexes in regulating enhancer activation, cell differentiation and mouse development. (nih.gov)
  • In March 2018, he joined the Ge lab and continued to study the roles of MLL3/MLL4 complexes in embryonic development and cellular differentiation. (nih.gov)
  • She is also currently working on understanding the function of histone modifications H3K18ac and H3K27ac in cell fate decision and embryonic development. (nih.gov)
  • Since joining the Ge lab in October 2021, she has been investigating how H3K4 methyltransferases MLL1 and MLL2 regulate gene expression, cell differentiation, and mouse development. (nih.gov)
  • Elucidation of the actions of these disease genes at a systems level with novel functional and cellular outcomes from our neural circuit mouse model and characterization of additional neurodegenerative disease genes in this model system hopefully will contribute to the development of effective therapies. (nih.gov)
  • Components include genes that are expressed (transcriptome) in erythroid cells, either during development or during differentiation, chemical changes to DNA and histone proteins (epigenome) and the proteins (proteome) that are translated in erythroid cells, including post-translational modifications or subcellular localizations that are unique to erythroid cells. (nih.gov)
  • Chromatin remodeling and the orchestration of wide-ranging gene and protein expression profiles are fashioned into rhythmic synchronous oscillatory domains, capable to drive stem cell growth and differentiation, as well as the overall embryo development. (cellr4.org)
  • Here, we used induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) technology and established a 3-dimensional, organoid-like differentiation system (hemanoid) maintaining the structural cellular integrity to evaluate the effect of cytokines on embryonic hematopoietic development. (haematologica.org)
  • 1 While embryonic macrophages and nucleated red blood cells are generated early in development in the first wave of primitive hematopoiesis, lymphoid cells, definitive erythro-myeloid progenitors and long-term repopulating HSC are only generated at later stages by the definitive hematopoietic program. (haematologica.org)
  • The Cardiovascular Differentiation and Development (CDD) study section reviews basic research applications related to development and differentiation of cardiovascular systems that include heart, vascular and lymphatics. (nih.gov)
  • The team chose the blood cell system as its model because it's well-understood in terms of cellular development. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
  • Because the data seem to indicate discreet stages of cell differentiation characterized by waves of changes in one direction and subsequent waves in another, cell types conceivably could be redefined according to epigenetic marks that will provide new insights into both normal development and disease processes. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
  • 12. KDM6 demethylase independent loss of histone H3 lysine 27 trimethylation during early embryonic development. (nih.gov)
  • Understanding cell plasticity, pluripotency and differentiation to get a better comprehension of embryonic development, cell transformation and cancer are my scientific interests. (cancer.gov)
  • His interest in skin development and early ectodermal differentiation has led to the development of in vitro human skin differentiation protocols and genome editing tools to produce clinical scale, corrected, autologous human skin from patient-specific induced pluripotent cells. (skinsoc.org.sg)
  • This is at least partly due to a progressive impairment of the cellular processes regulating cardiac and vascular homeostasis, finally leading to the development of cardiovascular pathologies. (hindawi.com)
  • While it is commonly accepted as an aging-related phenomenon, senescence might happen also during the embryonic development with the biological meaning of replacing transient structures or specific cell types with other ones [ 3 - 5 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • Reaching a successful outcome is dependent upon the development of protocols that efficiently and safely direct stem cell differentiation toward the desired cell type. (ca.gov)
  • Studies of embryonic development have helped tremendously. (ca.gov)
  • This Spotlight discusses recent advent of single cell experimental and computational methods, and key insights from applying these methods to the study of mouse embryonic development. (biologists.com)
  • We used the opportunities afforded by the zebrafish to determine upstream pathways regulating mast cell development in vivo and identify their cellular origin. (immune-source.com)
  • We harnessed the opportunities provided by the zebrafish model system and our prior characterization and validation of as a mast cell specific marker Dipyridamole to conduct a comprehensive series of embryonic in vivo studies to assess the role of genes in vertebrate mast cell development. (immune-source.com)
  • Pursuing novel differentiation methods and mimicking embryonic development, we were able to generate long-term engrafting hematopoietic stem cells, a finding of great interest in the field, which was published in Cell Stem Cells and accompanied by several press releases. (ncl.ac.uk)
  • HDAC1/2 complexes are essential for embryonic development. (le.ac.uk)
  • LSD1 and Sin3A, to examine their critical roles in development using a number of ES cell differentiation systems. (le.ac.uk)
  • Embryonic development and stem cell differentiation are ordered processes in which the sequence of events over time is highly conserved. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Cell-biology-related research on preadipocyte (adiposal-mesenchymal cell) differentiation laid the foundation for discoveries of adipose-derived cells (both in stromal vascular fraction, or SVF, and adipose-derived stromal/stem cells, or ASCs), which had become an increasing interest to both stem cell biologists and clinicians because of their potential for angiogenesis and suppression of inflammation for tissue engineering and treatments. (scirp.org)
  • With the notable exception of bone marrow transplantation, this technology has yet to yield therapies for disease, but selected embryonic or adult stem cell populations could potentially be used for cell transplantation therapy for a variety of diseases such as diabetes, Parkinson disease, inherited genetic deficiencies and sickle-cell anemia (Figure 2). (medscape.com)
  • The ability to develop embryonic stem cell lines and the successful cloning of several animal species have in recent years stimulated considerable interest in using embryonic stem cells. (medscape.com)
  • We dissect the role of vibrational/acoustic energy as an inherent property of living cells, discussing the possibility to extract nano-mechanical signatures of stem cell differentiation that can be used to direct stem cell fate. (cellr4.org)
  • In the current review, we recapitulate the most updated evidence for such a view and summarize our recent findings indicating that magnetic energy and sound vibration can deeply impact onto a coordinated program of gene expression and signaling networks remarkably enhancing the expression of multipotency in embryonic and human adult stem cells, and counteracting stem cell aging and loss of differentiating potential due to geroconversion. (cellr4.org)
  • ferentiation potential of normal Bombay hiPSCs (B-hiPSCs) and compared results to human embryonic stem cell (hESC) lines. (1library.org)
  • As part of his postdoctoral training, he first joined the laboratory of Dr. Juan Carlos Izpisua-Belmonte at the SALK Institute in 2007 and then, as staff scientist in 2012, the group led by Dr. Oscar Fernandez-Capetillo at the Centro Nacional de Invesigaciones Oncológicas (CNIO) in Madrid, where he developed his interests in embryonic stem cell biology and CRISPR/Cas9-based screens. (nih.gov)
  • Stem cell differentiation has been extensively studied with various microenvironment mimicking structures to modify cellular dynamics associated with the cell-extracellular matrix (ECM) interactions and cell-cell communications. (yyu.edu.tr)
  • The experience of deriving human embryonic stem cells in 2003, led to a broader interest in the pluripotent stem cell biology, which enabled my team to describe for the first time the difference in transcriptional profile and signalling pathways between human and mouse embryonic stem cells and the intrinsic link between maintenance of pluripotency and cell cycle control. (ncl.ac.uk)
  • We portrayed the Notch system in embryonic stem cell (ESC)-derived embryoid bodies (EBs) differentiating under the standard protocols used to assess yolk sac (YS) hematopoiesis in vitro. (karger.com)
  • A single embryonic stem cell (ESC) line can be repetitively cryopreserved, thawed, expanded, and differentiated into various cellular components serving as a potentially renewable and well-characterized stem cell source. (rupress.org)
  • We have taken a multi-dimensional genomics approach to detail the chromatin dynamics of skin using an embryonic stem differentiation method that leads to graftable human skin. (skinsoc.org.sg)
  • We have now used this skin chromatin dynamic map to improve the efficiency and specificity of cellular manufacturing of CRISPR-corrected autologous induced pluripotent cell-derived skin to heal the wounds of patients with Recessive Dystrophic Epidermolysis Bullosa. (skinsoc.org.sg)
  • It is known that abundant cellular information, such as chromatin structures, DNA methylation, and cell surface receptors, is dedicated to defining cell states. (molcells.org)
  • In conclusion, using a human ESC-derived 2D/3D in vitro differentiation model system and cardiac organoids, we demonstrated that low-dose Cd suppressed mesoderm formation through mesoderm gene histone modification, thus inhibiting cardiomyocyte differentiation and cardiac induction. (nih.gov)
  • Neural differentiation of human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) is a unique opportunity for in vitro analyses of neurogenesis in humans. (tmu.edu.tw)
  • Widespread Notch1 activation was evident at days 2-4 of EB differentiation, the time window of hemangioblast generation in this in vitro system. (karger.com)
  • Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are widely used in clinical trials for bioregenerative medicine and in most cases, in vitro expansion and differentiation of these cells are required before application. (frontiersin.org)
  • The mechanisms of embryonic facial morphogenesis are poorly understood because direct visualization of the growing embryo is challenging. (ubc.ca)
  • The inner cell mass, the source of embryonic stem cells, becomes pluripotent. (wikipedia.org)
  • However, cell pluripotency is a continuum, ranging from the completely pluripotent cell that can form every cell of the embryo proper, e.g., embryonic stem cells and iPSCs, to the incompletely or partially pluripotent cell that can form cells of all three germ layers but that may not exhibit all the characteristics of completely pluripotent cells. (wikipedia.org)
  • These transcription factors play a key role in determining the state of these cells and also highlights the fact that these somatic cells do preserve the same genetic information as early embryonic cells. (wikipedia.org)
  • Ensuing specialists later determined that this multifunctional organ contained a number of valuable resident cells, other worthy non-indigenous cellular populations and a quantity of distinct structural elements, which possessed the potential to optimize fat graft survival and eventually further tissue engineering applications in regenerative medicine. (scirp.org)
  • For example, the ability of cytolytic T cells to recognize processed peptides derived from cellular genes, such as those encoding Mart-1 or tyrosinase in melanoma, led to the recognition that protective immune responses are often directed toward tumor-associated, rather than tumor-specific, antigens. (medscape.com)
  • This autoimmune disease triggers destruction of endogenous pancreatic ß-cells at an early age, and the adaptation of cellular therapy to replace insulin in a physiological manner -- an approach thought quite challenging only a few years ago -- has shown great promise. (medscape.com)
  • Increased understanding of the mechanism of action of these cells and improved methods for their isolation may provide yet other approaches to cellular therapy for autoimmune and allergic diseases. (medscape.com)
  • The next frontier for cellular transplantation lies in the realm of human stem cells. (medscape.com)
  • The use of embryonic stem cells in medical practice remains highly controversial and is currently premature, but it remains an important area of laboratory research considering its therapeutic potential. (medscape.com)
  • We will also report on the possibility of using a magnetic energy to reprogram human adult non-stem somatic cells to an embryonic-like pluripotent state, ensuing into lineages in which these cells would never otherwise appear, including cardiac, neural and skeletal muscle cells. (cellr4.org)
  • Inhibition of IL-3 signalling blocked hematopoietic differentiation and arrested the cells in the HEP stage. (haematologica.org)
  • The latter are of great interest as diverse cytokines have been shown to regulate the differentiation of mature blood cells from adult HSC. (haematologica.org)
  • Studies which focus on the differentiation potential of stem cells, including naturally occurring developmental hypertrophy, even postnatally, may be reviewed in CDD. (nih.gov)
  • Studies which focus on the fate of stem cells in terms of differentiation potential, may be reviewed in CDD. (nih.gov)
  • Having charted the occurrence of a common chemical change that takes place while stem cells decide their fates and progress from precursor to progeny, a Johns Hopkins-led team of scientists has produced the first-ever epigenetic landscape map for tissue differentiation. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
  • Employing a customized genome-wide methylation-profiling method dubbed CHARM (comprehensive high-throughput arrays for relative methylation), the team analyzed 4.6 million potentially methylated sites in a variety of blood cells from mice to see where DNA methylation changes occurred during the normal differentiation process. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
  • They also looked at cells that are more committed to differentiation: the precursors of the two major types of white blood cells, lymphocytes and myeloid cells. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
  • Their intermediate state between adult and embryonic stem cells makes them an ideal candidate for reprogramming to the pluripotent status. (vitalityhccs.com)
  • These results showed that umbilical cord Wharton's jelly mesenchymal stem cells (UC-MSCs) had higher endothelial differentiation potential than bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs). (vitalityhccs.com)
  • ac-companied by endothelial cells differentiation. (1library.org)
  • some variations in the eficiency of hematopoietic differentiation between iPSC and ES cells, the pattern of differentiation was similar among all three tested lines. (1library.org)
  • 2. KDM6B epigenetically regulates odontogenic differentiation of dental mesenchymal stem cells. (nih.gov)
  • 3. Oxygen gradients can determine epigenetic asymmetry and cellular differentiation via differential regulation of Tet activity in embryonic stem cells. (nih.gov)
  • 4. Tet3 regulates cellular identity and DNA methylation in neural progenitor cells. (nih.gov)
  • In addition, we have recently showed that these cells are a great cellular platform in which to perform CRISPR/Cas9-based forward genetic screens. (cancer.gov)
  • We are using these technologies and developing new ones to study the biology of embryonic stem cells. (cancer.gov)
  • The basic idea is to either stimulate endogenous stem cells or taking advantage of the recent isolation of human embryonic stem cells, which are capable of differentiating into any cell type. (ca.gov)
  • Biological significance: In highlighting the role of redox and unique metabolic properties of neuronal cells, the present findings add insight to our understanding of hESC differentiation to neurons. (tmu.edu.tw)
  • Contrasting expression of keratins in mouse and human embryonic stem cells. (ca.gov)
  • RNA expression data reveals that human embryonic stem (hES) cells differ from mouse ES (mES) cells in the expression of RNAs for keratin intermediate filament proteins. (ca.gov)
  • These differences were confirmed at the cellular and protein level and may reflect a fundamental difference in the epithelial nature of embryonic stem cells derived from mouse and human blastocysts. (ca.gov)
  • However, decreasing K8 and K18 expression associated with differentiation to neuronal progenitor cells is correlated with increasing expression of the Snai2 (Slug) transcriptional repression and not decreased Jun expression. (ca.gov)
  • The term programmed cell death was first used by Lockshin and Williams in 1964, to describe the pre-determined loss of specific cells during insect metamorphosis by an intrinsic cellular suicide programme. (bmj.com)
  • In the final stages cellular fragments wrapped in plasma membrane bud off as apoptotic bodies which are subsequently phagocytosed by healthy neighbouring cells. (bmj.com)
  • Following Yamanaka's seminar discovery of human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs), our group was one of the first in UK and EU to embrace the technique and to use it successfully for studies of reprogramming, differentiation and disease modelling. (ncl.ac.uk)
  • Our parallel research programme aims to perfect the differentiation of human pluripotent stem cells to fully laminated retinal structures capable of recapitulating the function of a human retina in vivo . (ncl.ac.uk)
  • A sustained effect on the differentiation capacity and the immunophenotype of cells has been observed in different studies by using xeno-free autologous human serum (HS) as a medium supplement. (frontiersin.org)
  • Potency is also described as the gene activation potential within a cell, which like a continuum, begins with totipotency to designate a cell with the most differentiation potential, pluripotency, multipotency, oligopotency, and finally unipotency. (wikipedia.org)
  • Our results revealed markedly higher expression of genes encoding enzymes involved in the glycolysis and amino acid synthesis during differentiation. (tmu.edu.tw)
  • The effects of Cd inhibition on cardiomyocyte differentiation were confirmed in 3D cardiac organoids. (nih.gov)
  • Using a two-dimensional differential gel electrophoresis (2D-DIGE) system, we analyzed the proteome of hESC differentiation to neurons at three stages, early neural differentiation, neural ectoderm and mature neurons. (tmu.edu.tw)
  • As a result, great progress in understanding the transcriptional network that controls photoreceptor specification and differentiation has been made over the last 20 years. (biologists.com)
  • Nevertheless, it is clear that any disturbance in the rhythm and resonance mode interaction of subcellular oscillators results in remarkable alteration in cellular dynamics, and abnormal behavior at the level of tissues and organs, implying a diseased status in the entire individual. (cellr4.org)
  • We reveal the landscape of transcriptional heterogeneity and define the specific cellular domains during the progression of cranial neural crest cell-derived dental lineage diversification, and find that each domain makes a specific contribution to distinct molar mesenchymal tissues. (nature.com)
  • Since the 1900s, many scientists have agonized over the concept of the 3D architecture of organoids to establish the optimal conditions for the cellular composition and relationships in tissues observed in vivo . (j-organoid.org)
  • This article describes the proposed roles of epigenetic mechanisms in FASD and cell differentiation in general and introduces two protein complexes that are hypothesized to play central roles in these events. (nih.gov)
  • Furthermore, IGF signaling-mediated cell-cell interaction between the cellular domains highlights the pivotal role of autonomous regulation of the dental mesenchyme. (nature.com)
  • Its over-expression in the chick spinal cord significantly increases neuronal production, without preventing terminal differentiation, whereas its down-regulation compromises it. (ca.gov)
  • Two crucial enzyme complexes-the Polycomb and Trithorax proteins-are central to the epigenetic programs controlling the intricate balance between self-renewal and the execution of cellular differentiation, with diametrically opposed functions. (nih.gov)
  • Thus, our results support the hypothesis that DNA sequences ultimately determine the unique epigenomes of different cell types through their interactions with transcriptional factors, epigenome remodeling system and extracellular cues during cell differentiation. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In the developing nervous system apoptosis is observed as early as neural tube formation and persists throughout terminal differentiation of the neural network. (bmj.com)
  • In addition, Cd-induced histone modifications for both gene activation (H3K4me3) and repression (H3K27me3), which play vital roles in regulating mesoderm commitment markers. (nih.gov)
  • 10. The histone H3 lysine 27-specific demethylase Jmjd3 is required for neural commitment. (nih.gov)
  • Here, we report that the removal of the special AT-rich binding protein 2 (SATB2), a nuclear protein known to bind matrix attachment regions, is a key event in initiating myogenic differentiation. (mdpi.com)
  • Protein network analysis predicted a number of critical mediators in hESC differentiation. (tmu.edu.tw)
  • also known as ASH1), neurogenic differentiation factor 1 (NeuroD1), yes-associated protein 1 (YAP1) and POU class 2 homeobox 3 (POU2F3). (cancerindex.org)
  • Given that multimodal information from a cell defines precise cellular states, recent technical advances in methods focus on simultaneously extracting multimodal data recorded in different biological materials (DNA, RNA, protein, etc. (molcells.org)
  • Kelley, M.W. (2013) Signaling pathways and commitment to cell fate. (nih.gov)
  • Mar and Quackenbush [ 10 ] have recently decomposed cell fate transition into two processes: the core process that includes the main differentiation pathway, and a transient process that captures information from the environment and controls the core process. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Prenatal ethanol exposure may disrupt the functions of these two enzyme complexes, altering a crucial aspect of mammalian differentiation. (nih.gov)
  • The derivatives of these lineages are regionalized in domains defined by their position along the embryonic body axes, i.e. anterior-posterior, medial-lateral and dorsal-ventral patterning. (biologists.com)
  • Defects in the migration or differentiation of CNCCs lead to a variety of developmental abnormalities in craniofacial structures, such as cleft palate and tooth malformation 3 . (nature.com)
  • We highlight challenges in analysing and interpreting these data to complement and expand our knowledge from traditional developmental biology studies in relation to cell identity, diversity and lineage differentiation. (biologists.com)
  • Cellular senescence has been for long time an underestimated biological process, even after its discovery in 1961 by Hayflick and Moorhead [ 2 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • Thus, developing single-cell multiomics technology will allow various cellular information to be obtained, which will increase the understanding of complete cell states comprising biological systems. (molcells.org)
  • Higher abundance of proteins involved in maintaining cellular redox state suggests the importance of redox hemostasis in neural differentiation. (tmu.edu.tw)
  • The abundance of fourteen proteins involved in maintaining cellular redox state, including 10 members of peroxiredoxin (Prdx) family, mainly increased during differentiation, thus highlighting a link of neural differentiation to redox. (tmu.edu.tw)
  • Prenatal Alcohol Exposure and Cellular Differentiation: A Role for Polycomb and Trithorax Group Proteins in FAS Phenotypes? (nih.gov)
  • The end of the eighth week marks the end of the embryonic period and the beginning of the fetal period. (medscape.com)
  • neovascularization in adults recapitulating embryonic and fetal processes. (nih.gov)
  • mESCs exhibited alterations in their phenotype after growing on the Matrigel-coated surfaces, including their differentiation capacity, cell cycle phase pattern, membrane fluidity, and metabolic activities. (yyu.edu.tr)
  • 1. TET3 controls the expression of the H3K27me3 demethylase Kdm6b during neural commitment. (nih.gov)
  • Cellular Physiology and Biochemistry (2013) 32 (4): 899-914. (karger.com)
  • Senescence is a process that occurs following genotoxic stimuli and induces permanent cell cycle arrest with a loss of cellular functions. (elifesciences.org)
  • In this review, we explore the intrinsic and extrinsic causes of cellular senescence and their role in the onset of these cardiovascular pathologies. (hindawi.com)