• Supracondylar femur fractures require anatomically stable internal fixation for best results. (medscape.com)
  • however, fixation is difficult because of the wide canal, the thin cortex, and the relatively poor bone quality of the distal femur. (medscape.com)
  • Most surgical failures are caused by inadequate fixation of fracture fragments. (medscape.com)
  • The more comminuted the fracture and the poorer the quality of bone, fixation, or reduction, the worse the prognosis. (medscape.com)
  • Physical and biological aspect of fracture healing with special reference to internal fixation. (ijoro.org)
  • Evolution of internal fixation of long bone fractures. (ijoro.org)
  • 16] However, the risk of developing osteonecrosis has been suggested with delayed fixation after fracture displacement. (faoj.org)
  • Open reduction internal fixation techniques were used for definitive fixation of the comminuted talar fractures. (faoj.org)
  • Last few decades has seen increasing trend towards operative management of femoral shaft fractures in paediatric patients but opinion regarding optimal method of fixation of these fractures remains divided [ 12 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The treatment of paediatric shaft femur fracture has been drastically changed over the last two decades to internal fixation by elastically stable intra- medullary nail (ESIN). (openorthopaedicsjournal.com)
  • Wide-awake local anesthesia and no tourniquet (WALANT), first used for hand surgery, has been sparingly described for use in fracture fixation of the upper limb. (bvsalud.org)
  • WALANT is a much simpler option and can be safely used in place of general anesthesia or regional blocks for fixation of fractures of the upper limb, with added advantages of no need for a tourniquet and better intraoperative assessment of fracture fixation. (bvsalud.org)
  • This systematic review aimed to analyze outcomes of intramedullary fixation in adults in terms of function, union, and complication rates. (bvsalud.org)
  • It also restores length, alignment, and rotation-all vital principles of fracture fixation. (passmed.uk)
  • External fixation is a valuable tool in the surgeon's arsenal for acute open fracture management. (passmed.uk)
  • Indications for external fixation are grossly contaminated open fractures with extensive soft-tissue compromise, the Type IIIA-C injuries, and when immediate fixation is needed for physiologically unstable patients. (passmed.uk)
  • Multiple Injuries were sustained including a left open intra-articular comminuted supracondylar femur fracture, right femoral shaft fracture, right intertrochanteric hip fracture, right tibial plateau fracture, and a left closed talar body and neck fractures. (faoj.org)
  • [ 5 ] Severely comminuted distal femur fractures are especially hard to treat properly. (medscape.com)
  • New technique for treatment of unstable distal femur fractures by locked double plating: case report and biomechanical evaluation. (ijoro.org)
  • Treatment of distal femur fractures using the less invasive stabilization system: surgical experience and early clinical results in 103 fractures. (ijoro.org)
  • In the literature, the timing for treatment of comminuted talar fractures remains controversial, even in the presence of multiple injuries. (faoj.org)
  • Some fractures may lead to serious complications including a condition known as compartment syndrome. (wikipedia.org)
  • Other complications may include non-union, where the fractured bone fails to heal, or malunion, where the fractured bone heals in a deformed manner. (wikipedia.org)
  • Complications of fractures may be classified into three broad groups, depending upon their time of occurrence. (wikipedia.org)
  • These are as follows - Immediate complications - occurs at the time of the fracture. (wikipedia.org)
  • Early complications - occurring in the initial few days after the fracture. (wikipedia.org)
  • Late complications - occurring a long time after the fracture. (wikipedia.org)
  • Immediate complications - occurs at the time of the fracture. (wikipedia.org)
  • Aim of the study was to describe complications and problems in treating the fracture around knee joint by using LCP (locking compression plate). (ijoro.org)
  • 14] For all cases of talar fractures, treatment goals remains anatomic reduction, preservation of motion, joint stability, and minimization of complications. (faoj.org)
  • It is relatively free of serious complications despite asymptomatic malalignment and LLD in significant percentage of fractures. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Flexible intramedullary nailing introduced for femoral fractures by Nancy group in 1982 [ 22 ], has become popular with many orthopaedic surgeons and remains the treatment of choice for these fractures at our institute due to its favourable results and lack of serious complications. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The aim was to find out the short term complications of titanium elastic nailing in diaphyseal fracture of femur in children and compare the findings of this study with pre- existing studies in this field. (openorthopaedicsjournal.com)
  • 6 years), but complications such as mal- union, joint stiffness, angulation, shortening and delay in functional recovery are not uncommon in older children if managed in this manner. (openorthopaedicsjournal.com)
  • This endeavour is an honest effort to analyse the short term complications of titanium elastic nailing in paediatric diaphyseal femoral fractures in a new set up where conservative treatment was performed in greater magnitude and to look in to factors causing them and possibly to provide a way as to how to minimise these complications. (openorthopaedicsjournal.com)
  • One form of malunion is the malrotation of a bone, which is especially common after femoral and tibial fractures. (wikipedia.org)
  • The presence, location, and intensity of the bone bruises within specific compartments of the femur and tibial after ACL rupture and patellar dislocation were recorded. (preprints.org)
  • Present indications include all patients with femoral shaft fractures and open physis. (biomedcentral.com)
  • We included 73 femoral shaft fractures in 69 patients treated with retrograde flexible intramedullary nailing with a minimum follow up of 5 years. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Flexible intramedullary nailing is reliable and safe for treating paediatric femoral shaft fractures. (biomedcentral.com)
  • On retrospective search of hospital records, we found 81 patients of femoral shaft fractures treated with flexible intramedullary nailing at our institute with a minimum follow up period of 5 years. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Of these 81 patients, 69 patients with 73 femoral shaft fractures were available for follow up. (biomedcentral.com)
  • For generations traction and casting was the standard treatment for all femoral shaft fractures in children. (openorthopaedicsjournal.com)
  • When subtrochanteric and supracondylar fractures are included the femoral shaft fractures represents about 1.6% of all bony injuries in children. (openorthopaedicsjournal.com)
  • Femoral shaft fractures in the paediatric patients have traditionally been treated non- operatively with either early spica cast or a period of traction followed by application of hip spica cast until the time of fracture union. (openorthopaedicsjournal.com)
  • Indication for surgery in all cases was displaced femoral shaft fracture with open femoral physis. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Neurovascular injury can occur in this type of fracture because the shaft may be displaced into the axilla. (teachmeorthopedics.info)
  • Femoral shaft fracture is the most common major paediatric orthopaedic. (openorthopaedicsjournal.com)
  • A prospective study was conducted in five private hospitals in the district of Bankura, West Bengal over a period of two years (April 2010 to March 2012) on 70 patients with closed shaft femur fractures between 6- 14 years age of either sex. (openorthopaedicsjournal.com)
  • Femoral shaft fracture is the most common major paediatric orthopaedic injury that most orthopaedist will treat routinely and is the most common paediatric orthopaedic injury requiring hospitalisation. (openorthopaedicsjournal.com)
  • 26 patients with upper limb fractures (3 distal radius, 6 radial shaft, 11 ulnar shaft, and 6 olecranon fractures) were operated on using WALANT by three orthopedic surgeons. (bvsalud.org)
  • A 34 year old mechanic suffers from a Gustilo and Anderson type IIIA fracture of the femoral shaft after being hit by a fork lift truck. (passmed.uk)
  • Fig. 4) Transfixation pins were placed across the calcaneus to allow distraction of the tibiotalar joint and facilitated adequate visualization of the talar body fracture. (faoj.org)
  • A minimally displaced talar body fracture in a patient with significant neuropathy may be best treated nonoperatively, whereas a Hawkins III talar neck fracture with posteromedial extrusion of the talar body should be treated operatively, even in patients with significant neuropathy, to relieve soft-tissue and/or neurovascular compromise. (teachmeorthopedics.info)
  • In more severe cases, the bone may be broken into several fragments, known as a comminuted fracture. (wikipedia.org)
  • It protects the soft tissues around the zone of injury by preventing further damage from mobile fracture fragments. (passmed.uk)
  • With the help of percutaneously placed towel clips fracture fragments are approximated (Fig. 5). (traumainternational.co.in)
  • If closed reduction is unsuccessful, an additional skin incision is made at fracture site for open reduction of the fragments (Fig. 5). (traumainternational.co.in)
  • The goal in treating supracondylar femur fractures, as in treating any periarticular fracture in a weightbearing bone, is restoration of a stable limb for functional, pain-free ambulation. (medscape.com)
  • Limb shortening was found in 7 patients (15.90%) of distal femur fracture. (ijoro.org)
  • Sanders R, Swiontkowski M, Rosen H, Helfet D. Double-plating of comminuted, unstable fractures of the distal part of the femur. (ijoro.org)
  • Greenstick fractures are stable fractures as a part of the bone remains intact and unbroken so this type of fracture normally causes a bend to the injured part, rather than a distinct deformity, which is problematic. (passmed.uk)
  • Supracondylar femur fractures usually occur as a result of low-energy trauma in osteoporotic bone in elderly persons or high-energy trauma in young patients. (medscape.com)
  • Patients with open fractures fare worse than those with closed fractures. (medscape.com)
  • A total of 90 patients were studied, out of which 60 patients were with fracture distal femur and 30 patients were with proximal tibia fractures. (ijoro.org)
  • Out of 44 patients of distal femur fracture group 10 (22.72%) had infection where as in proximal tibia fracture group 4 (15.38%) out of 26 patients (all were operated by ORIF technique) had infection. (ijoro.org)
  • Varus deformity was found in 3 patients (6.66%) of distal femur fracture patients and 4 patients (15.38%) of proximal tibia fracture patients out of these 3 were operated by ORIF and 1 by MIPO. (ijoro.org)
  • Muscle wasting was found in 20 patients (40.44%) of distal femur fracture patients. (ijoro.org)
  • Limp shortening was present in 17 patients (38.60%) of distal femur fracture and 4 patients (15%) of proximal tibia fracture out of these 4 were operated by ORIF and 1 by MIPO. (ijoro.org)
  • Delayed Union was found in two patients (4.54%) of distal femur fracture patients. (ijoro.org)
  • Extension lapse was found in four patients (9.09%) of distal femur fracture and 1 patient (5.88%) of proximal tibia fracture. (ijoro.org)
  • All patients with open fractures, pathological fractures, metabolic bone disease or neuromuscular disorders were excluded from search. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Fractures of the proximal humerus are seen in all age groups but are more common in older patients. (teachmeorthopedics.info)
  • Reduction of the fracture depends on an intact posteromedial periosteal sleeve in younger patients. (teachmeorthopedics.info)
  • Type I talar neck fractures are nondisplaced injuries and can be managed nonoperatively in cooperative patients who agree to frequent follow-up x-rays. (teachmeorthopedics.info)
  • This is particularly true in multiply injured patients, and late treatment of the talar injury often results in suboptimal outcomes. (teachmeorthopedics.info)
  • Patients had been sent an outcome questionnaire including EQ-VAS, EQ-5D, and the SMFA at the time of injury and 12 months after. (bvsalud.org)
  • Patients treated with a volar plate reported a significantly larger deterioration in EQ-5D outcome compared to patients treated with a cast. (bvsalud.org)
  • A good outcome after a type C fracture is possible, but many patients do not recover completely. (bvsalud.org)
  • Our findings indicate a relatively better self-reported outcome for patients treated with a cast, but as treatment was not randomized the clinical relevance is unclear. (bvsalud.org)
  • All patients with suspected open fractures require basic blood tests , including a clotting screen and a Group & Save. (teachmesurgery.com)
  • There were 4 kinds of bone bruise patterns after non-contact ACL rupture while there was only 1 kind of bone bruise pattern after patellar dislocation bone bruise patients which was in the inferior medial patella and lateral anterior inferior femur. (preprints.org)
  • The distal femur is funnel-shaped, and the area where the stronger diaphyseal bone meets the thinner and weaker metaphyseal bone is prone to fracture with direct or indirect trauma. (medscape.com)
  • Fractures proximal to knee replacements may be caused by notching of the anterior cortex when the surgeon placed the prosthesis or may be secondary to the stress riser effect of the interface between the rigid metal and soft bone. (medscape.com)
  • [ 18 , 19 ] The treating physician must also be aware of the potential for pathologic fractures through metastatic lesions or primary bone tumors in this area. (medscape.com)
  • A bone fracture (abbreviated FRX or Fx, Fx, or #) is a medical condition in which there is a partial or complete break in the continuity of any bone in the body. (wikipedia.org)
  • A bone fracture may be the result of high force impact or stress, or a minimal trauma injury as a result of certain medical conditions that weaken the bones, such as osteoporosis, osteopenia, bone cancer, or osteogenesis imperfecta, where the fracture is then properly termed a pathologic fracture. (wikipedia.org)
  • Although bone tissue contains no pain receptors, a bone fracture is painful for several reasons: Breaking in the continuity of the periosteum, with or without similar discontinuity in endosteum, as both contain multiple pain receptors. (wikipedia.org)
  • The natural process of healing a fracture starts when the injured bone and surrounding tissues bleed, forming a fracture hematoma. (wikipedia.org)
  • Smokers generally have lower bone density than non-smokers, so they have a much higher risk of fractures. (wikipedia.org)
  • A bone fracture may be diagnosed based on the history given and the physical examination performed. (wikipedia.org)
  • A bone fracture (abbreviated FRX or Fx , F x , or # ) is a medical condition in which there is a partial or complete break in the continuity of any bone in the body. (wikipedia.org)
  • Stages in Fracture Repair: The healing of a bone fracture follows a series of progressive steps: (a) A fracture hematoma forms. (wikipedia.org)
  • We present the case of a stable patient with multiple long bone injuries and a comminuted talar fracture, the subsequent management and outcome, and review the current literature for management of comminuted talar fractures. (faoj.org)
  • We present the case of a stable patient with multiple long bone injuries and a comminuted talar fracture. (faoj.org)
  • Nondisplaced talar neck fractures that are not visible on plain x-rays but diagnosed with other imaging modalities, such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), computed tomography (CT), or bone scans, may be treated nonoperatively. (teachmeorthopedics.info)
  • Fracture may become open by either an "in-to-out" injury, whereby the sharp bone ends penetrate the skin from beneath, or an "out-to-in" injury, whereby a high energy injury (e.g. ballistic injury or a direct blow) penetrates the skin, traumatising the subtending soft tissues and bone. (teachmesurgery.com)
  • A greenstick fracture is a fracture in a young, soft bone in which the bone bends and breaks. (passmed.uk)
  • Some clinical features of a greenstick fracture are similar to those of a standard long bone fracture - greenstick fractures normally cause pain at the injured area. (passmed.uk)
  • The scaphoid bone is the most commonly fractured carpal bone. (passmed.uk)
  • Fractures are most often localized in the middle third of the scaphoid bone. (passmed.uk)
  • Generally, scaphoid bone fractures result from indirect trauma when an individual falls onto the outstretched hand with a hyperextended and radially deviated wrist. (passmed.uk)
  • Pain when applying pressure to the anatomical snuffbox is highly suggestive of a scaphoid bone fracture. (passmed.uk)
  • The distal beveled end of the nail aids in fracture reduction and helps in engaging in the subchondral area of the bone, thereby imparting stability. (traumainternational.co.in)
  • There was only 1 pattern bone bruise (latera femur and medial patella bone bruise) of patellar dislocation, the most common pattern of patellar dislocation was in the inferior medial patella and lateral anterior inferior femur. (preprints.org)
  • The fracture may be stable enough to permit immobilization of the arm at the side in a sling-and-swathe but may require a spica cast or abduction pillow splint to hold the arm in the reduced position. (teachmeorthopedics.info)
  • Comminuted talar fractures are commonly the result of high-energy trauma. (faoj.org)
  • Comminuted talar fractures are commonly the result of high-energy trauma and associated with multiple injuries. (faoj.org)
  • Data on fracture type, epidemiology, trauma-mechanism, and treatment had been recorded by the treating physician. (bvsalud.org)
  • 2.85% encountered acute reactive synovitis, 5.71% developed angulation of fracture site and 2.85% developed per operative breakage of nail. (openorthopaedicsjournal.com)
  • This multicentric prospective functional out-come study has been conducted in the department of orthopedics, Barmer medical college and hospital, Barmer, Rajasthan and department of orthopedics, Pacific institute of medical sciences, Udaipur, Rajasthan. (ijoro.org)
  • Perhaps the most important aspect in the treatment of open fractures is the initial surgical intervention with irrigation and meticulous debridement of the injury zone. (passmed.uk)
  • Conservative treatment remains the gold standard in treatment of simple undisplaced midshaft clavicle fractures, but for displaced and comminuted fractures surgical intervention is appropriate especially in young active adults. (traumainternational.co.in)
  • Open fractures are a common presentation to A&E, and require urgent assessment and management by the orthopaedic team. (teachmesurgery.com)
  • However, due to the comminuted nature of the talar fracture, definitive surgery was delayed for three days post-injury. (faoj.org)
  • There were 53 males (57 fractures) and 16 females (16 fractures) in this series with an average age of 8.3 (range 4-15) years at the time of injury (Table 1 ). (biomedcentral.com)
  • Any fracture pattern can be seen, but the displacement of all components must be less than 1 cm, except anatomic neck fractures, to be considered in this group according to Neer's concept. (teachmeorthopedics.info)
  • concluded, generally in 2 to 3 weeks, a program to regain shoulder motion is started as for fractures with minimal displacement and anatomic neck fractures. (teachmeorthopedics.info)
  • Even small residual-fracture displacement can result in a significant compromise of subtalar, ankle, or talonavicular joint function. (teachmeorthopedics.info)
  • Furthermore, in certain complex fractures and sometimes in subtrochantric fractures, with tendency for marked flexion of proximal fragment, closed reduction and its maintenance if often unsuccessful. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The reduction is checked in image-intensifier and then the nail is advanced through the fracture site till it reaches distal end of clavicle. (traumainternational.co.in)
  • Rarely, a three-part fracture is encountered involving the lesser or greater tuberosity as well as the surgical neck. (teachmeorthopedics.info)
  • In general, talar neck and body fractures should be treated operatively if the fracture is displaced more than 1 to 2 mm. (teachmeorthopedics.info)
  • Hawkins classification of talar neck fractures. (teachmeorthopedics.info)
  • Talar neck and body fractures are usually the result of high-energy injuries. (teachmeorthopedics.info)
  • The management of isolated radial neck and head fractures is controversial. (bvsalud.org)
  • CASE: We report the case of a 34-year-old woman with a chronic right volar dislocation of the distal radioulnar joint (DRUJ) and associated ulnar styloid fracture. (bvsalud.org)
  • CONCLUSION: Isolated volar DRUJ dislocations in the absence of fractures are easy to misdiagnose on plain radiographs. (bvsalud.org)
  • Severe comminuted type C3 fractures are expected to develop significant stiffness and posttraumatic arthritis. (medscape.com)
  • In vivo measurement of bending stiffness in fracture healing. (ijoro.org)
  • On occasion, poor soft-tissue conditions complicate the operative treatment of these fractures. (teachmeorthopedics.info)
  • Figure 3 CT scan further demonstrates the comminuted nature of the talar fracture, and allowed for better surgical planning pre-operatively. (faoj.org)
  • Undisplaced linear fractures that extend into the humeral head can occur. (teachmeorthopedics.info)
  • Greenstick fractures occur most often during infancy and childhood when bones are soft. (passmed.uk)
  • By combining the two treatment modalities, none of the individual effects of the treatments are lost, but the benefit is that lower treatment intensities can be used to achieve the same results, & there are additional potential benefits in terms of outcome measure[4]. (journalmedicalthesis.com)
  • These injuries are treated in descending order from most life threatening, and the definitive treatment of talar fractures may be staged. (faoj.org)
  • 4] Others have proposed that surgical treatment of talar fractures may promote revascularization to the talar body. (faoj.org)
  • Operative treatment is usually necessary to restore hind foot anatomy and mechanics, as well as joint congruity in the majority of these fractures. (teachmeorthopedics.info)
  • The aim of this study was to examine the epidemiology, treatment, and patient-reported outcome of AO/OTA type C distal radius fractures (DRF) using data from a large national fracture register. (bvsalud.org)
  • Treatment can be conservative (e.g., wrist immobilization) or in certain cases surgical (e.g., proximal pole fracture). (passmed.uk)
  • Although conservative treatment is the gold standard for clavicle fractures, there may be some issues like shoulder impairement, a bump at the fracture site that is cosmetically unacceptable or nonunions which happen when grossly displaced fractures are treated conservatively. (traumainternational.co.in)
  • Under certain circumstances, radiographic examination of the nearby joints is indicated in order to exclude dislocations and fracture-dislocations. (wikipedia.org)
  • Figure 2 During his secondary survery, radiographs were taken that revealed a closed talar comminuted fracture among his other injuries. (faoj.org)
  • There is lack of reliability in interpreting radiographs to accurately classify proximal humerus fractures. (teachmeorthopedics.info)
  • There were 51 midshaft, 17 proximal, and 5 distal fractures. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Fracture locations were 51 midshaft, 17 proximal, and 5 distal fractures. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Talar body fractures often involve articular disruption of both the tibiotalar and subtalar joints, and surgical restoration of articular congruity, talar height, and ligamentous stability of the ankle is usually the best option. (teachmeorthopedics.info)
  • The decision to operate also depends upon the fracture pattern, ankle stability, and presence of dislocation or significant joint subluxation and should be made on a case by case basis. (teachmeorthopedics.info)
  • Left untreated, open fractures are associated with high rates of morbidity and mortality . (teachmesurgery.com)
  • In this article, we look at the classification, investigations and management of open fractures . (teachmesurgery.com)
  • A fracture is ' open ' when there is a direct communication between the fracture site and the external environment. (teachmesurgery.com)
  • This is most often through the skin - however, pelvic fractures may be internally open, having penetrated in to the vagina or rectum. (teachmesurgery.com)
  • Irrigation, along with debridement, is absolutely crucial in the management of open fractures. (passmed.uk)
  • Early stabilization of open fractures provides many benefits to the injured patient. (passmed.uk)
  • The use of skeletal traction should be reserved only for selected open fracture types (i.e., pelvis fractures and very proximal femur fractures) and if used, it should only be for a short selected time. (passmed.uk)
  • Fracture patterns included transverse (49), oblique (21), and communited (3) fractures. (biomedcentral.com)
  • For very comminuted or complex fracture patterns, a CT-scan can often aid management. (teachmesurgery.com)