• Therefore, to assess the global and regional PM 2.5 disease burden and its source contributions, recent studies have employed 3D chemical transport models as a means to relate changes in surface emissions to atmospheric PM 2.5 concentrations. (nature.com)
  • The particulate emissions in other seasons are more or less same but comfortable convective upward atmospheric air circulation is able to disperse the pollutants. (wikipedia.org)
  • Atmospheric Chemistry and Air Quality, Aerosol Optical Properties. (colostate.edu)
  • The objectives of this study were to determine if wildland fire smoke is an atmospheric source of viable microbes and biological INPs and estimate the scale of their emissions. (nature.com)
  • The DOC was also effective in reducing secondary organic aerosol formation upon atmospheric aging. (lu.se)
  • There are a lot of uncertainties regarding the role of these aerosols in enhancing atmospheric warming, the researchers said. (sciencedaily.com)
  • Light absorbing components of aerosols, often called black carbon (BC), are emitted from combustion sources and are believed to play a considerable role in direct atmospheric radiative forcing by a nu. (sae.org)
  • Non-CO 2 climate impact of aviation emissions varies with actual meteorological situation, described by atmospheric chemistry and physics. (tudelft.nl)
  • Academic Lecture Course offered: Aerosol- Radiation-cloud physics, advanced air pollution diffusion for Master Course in Atmospheric sciences). (tropmet.res.in)
  • This paper describes a dataset of CO 2 emissions and removals derived from atmospheric CO 2 observations. (copernicus.org)
  • Global anthropogenic emission inventories remain vital for understanding the sources of atmospheric pollution and the associated impacts on the environment, human health, and society. (healthdata.org)
  • Bryophytes (mosses) have long been used to determine the concentration of heavy metals as an alternative to the collection of atmospheric aerosols. (bvsalud.org)
  • A newly developed sample delivery system at MAX IV lets researchers study the properties of aerosol particles. (lu.se)
  • Combustion can also generate brown carbon (BrC) particles, with absorption confined to shorter wavelengths than BC and absorption Ångström exponents (AAEs) significantly higher than 1. (lu.se)
  • The ability of soot particles to form ROS increased with increasing combustion temperatures. (lu.se)
  • The combined exhaust gas aftertreatment systems (DPF+SCR) are the most efficient way and the best available technology (BAT) to radically reduce the critical Diesel emission components particles (PM&N. (sae.org)
  • Extraction mining, transport and combustion of fossil fuel sources produces not only CO2 but also other greenhouse gases, such as methane (CH4) as well as fine particles, some of which cool the atmosphere (sulphates) while others (soot) warm the air. (paristechreview.com)
  • Combustion of biomass also has an effect on climate change through the impact, on one hand, of combustion on matter (releasing GHGs and particles) and, on the other, in connexion with deforestation policies when the biomass is collected from non-renewable forest-land. (paristechreview.com)
  • It is well known that emissions of sulfur and nitrogen oxides and other air pollutants lead to the formation of aerosols (particles) in the air that can offset, or mask, the full climate warming caused by greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide and methane. (eurasiareview.com)
  • During a couple of decades, emission reductions risk leading to net climate warming due to the 'masking' effect of air particles, before the temperature reduction from reduced greenhouse gas emissions takes over. (eurasiareview.com)
  • The main culprit is fine particulate matter (referred to as PM 2.5 , i.e., particles with an aerodynamic diameter of less than 2.5 micrometres (0.001 mm), which comprises a range of particles formed from emissions of primary and secondary sources from burning fossil fuels, domestic wood combustion, tyre and road wear and aerosols from cooking. (durham.ac.uk)
  • Carbon dioxide does not trigger the climate shifts, but is an indicator of exhaust of combustion processes that emit very small particles which drive these climate shifts. (scirp.org)
  • The present problem is that we produce huge amounts of air borne nano structured particles from combustion processes that never exist before. (scirp.org)
  • The skies over Northern India, filled with a thick layer of aerosol particles along the southern edge of the Himalayan Mountains. (carleton.edu)
  • Aerosols, unlike gases, are solid particles that are very, very small-so small that they become airborne. (carleton.edu)
  • In addition, these biogenic compounds can also play a role in the formation of "aerosols", tiny particles suspended in the air that depending on their size and make-up can be damaging to human health if breathed in. (nasa.gov)
  • There are other natural aerosols, including sea spray, dust and particles injected into the atmosphere from volcanic eruptions or wildfires. (nasa.gov)
  • Characterization of aerosols in an underground mine during a longwall move. (cdc.gov)
  • 1983. Chemical and biological characterization of emissions from coal- and oil-fired power plants. (cdc.gov)
  • 2018), quantification of volatile organic species emitted from cannabis plants (Samburova et al, 2019), chemical characterization of fire emissions (Sengupta et al. (dri.edu)
  • Globally, 1.05 (95% Confidence Interval: 0.74-1.36) million deaths were avoidable in 2017 by eliminating fossil-fuel combustion (27.3% of the total PM 2.5 burden), with coal contributing to over half. (nature.com)
  • The Chinese icebreaker Xue Long set out for the Arctic Ocean in 2017 to investigate how aerosols were drifting around in the clear Arctic air and to determine their sources. (azocleantech.com)
  • 2018), these updates extend the emission estimates from 2014 to 2017 and improve the overall agreement between CEDS and two widely used global bottom-up emission inventories. (healthdata.org)
  • Dominant sources of global CO emissions in 2017 include on-road transportation and residential biofuel combustion. (healthdata.org)
  • Dominant global sources of carbonaceous aerosol in 2017 include residential biofuel combustion, on-road transportation (BC only), and emissions from the waste sector. (healthdata.org)
  • When assessing particulate emissions, diesel engine exhausts are usually diluted to suit the design limitations of the measurement devices. (sae.org)
  • The emission factors of all the toxic organic pollutants increased drastically when the fuel injection timing was retarded. (aaqr.org)
  • Stricter emission standards on the conventional pollutants like NO x and PM has led to the adoption of aftertreatment technologies over the years. (aaqr.org)
  • In: Pollutants Generated by the Combustion of Solid Biomass Fuels. (whiterose.ac.uk)
  • The major features of pollutants arising from biomass combustion are discussed. (whiterose.ac.uk)
  • High values of ozone usually correspond with the peak daylight hours and where there is an abundance of primary pollutants from fossil fuel combustion, biomass burning, or vegetation. (nasa.gov)
  • Along with aerosols and ozone, nitrogen dioxide is one of the primary air pollutants for health studies. (nasa.gov)
  • The supply of technologies for the acquisition and development of methods of separating those usually invisible pollutants must constantly be improved in order to counteract the emissions of the ever-growing industrial development and in order to keep our air as source of life clean. (ilkdresden.de)
  • 2016). These datasets contain anthropogenic chemically reactive gases (CO, CH 4 , NH 3 , NO x , SO 2 , NMVOC), carbonaceous aerosols (BC and OC) - the principal climatically important primary particle emission species, and fossil CO 2 emissions, with non-methane organic hydrocarbons (NMVOCs) also provided as separate species (Table 1). (copernicus.org)
  • Journal of Aerosol Science 20(8):1373-1376. (cdc.gov)
  • While the Journal of Aerosol Science does not have any length requirements for submissions, authors are strongly encouraged to make use of online supporting information to describe particularly detailed methods, and to present supplementary results and diagrams which aid readers in understanding the main narrative. (elsevier.com)
  • The Journal of Aerosol Science is not intended to archive data such as environmental/ambient monitoring measurements, unless new methodologies are involved or broadly relevant new conclusions for aerosol behavior are reached. (elsevier.com)
  • Manuscripts focusing on numerical case studies with widely available computational fluid dynamics software and built-in particle trajectory models are not appropriate for the Journal of Aerosol Science, unless the uniqueness and novelty of the approach employed is clearly evident. (elsevier.com)
  • Read the Journal of Aerosol Science Guide for Authors, Open Access policy, and latest articles on ScienceDirect. (elsevier.com)
  • Outdoor PM 2.5 mass is primarily composed of inorganic ions, carbonaceous compounds (black and organic carbon, including secondary organic aerosol), and mineral dust. (nature.com)
  • The emissions from solid fuels have been shown to be significantly more reactive with the hydroxyl radical, more likely to result in production of secondary organic aerosol and more toxic than emissions from liquefied petroleum gas. (wikipedia.org)
  • When the emissions were aged in an oxidation flow reactor to simulate secondary organic aerosol (SOA) formation in the atmosphere, it was found that OA concentration strongly increased for all fuels. (lu.se)
  • Combined determination of the chemical composition and of health effects of secondary organic aerosols: the POLYSOA project. (manchester.ac.uk)
  • We describe simulations using an updated version of the Community Multiscale Air Quality model version 5.3 (CMAQ v5.3) to investigate the contribution of intermediate-volatility organic compounds (IVOCs) to secondary organic aerosol (SOA) formation in southern California during the CalNex study. (copernicus.org)
  • These observa4 4 tions suggest that HOA is likely primary aerosol from local, combustion-related emissions and that OOA is secondary organic aerosol (SOA) influenced by regional contributions. (nasa.gov)
  • The number concentrations of aerosols downstream of the setup face were associated with aerosols generated by combustion in diesel engines operated in the shield haulage loop and/or outside of the longwall panels. (cdc.gov)
  • Entrainment of road dust by diesel or battery-powered load-haul-dump vehicles operated near the measurement site appears to be the primary source of mass concentrations of aerosols. (cdc.gov)
  • Minimum concentrations are observed at all stations in the monsoon season due to the wet scavenging of aerosols by rain. (aaqr.org)
  • In conducting their study, the team measured chemical, physical, and optical properties of ambient aerosol and trace gas concentrations in four large plumes in real-time utilizing an aerosol mass spectrometer at Los Alamos' Center for Aerosol Forensic Experiments (CAFÉ). (labroots.com)
  • Case Study: How Do Carbon Monoxide and Aerosol Concentrations Affect Earth's Atmosphere? (carleton.edu)
  • NASA NEO, Global Aerosol Optical Thickness concentrations acquired using the MODIS sensor, May 2010. (carleton.edu)
  • Unlike CO, aerosols are not invisible, even though they may be difficult or impossible to see at low concentrations. (carleton.edu)
  • In this chapter, you will explore the temporal and spatial patterns of aerosol and carbon monoxide concentrations in the atmosphere to discover and describe the interactions between them. (carleton.edu)
  • however, its largest concentrations are found close to some of its primary anthropogenic emission sources (it is a by-product of fossil fuel combustion), which is in highly populated areas and along shipping tracks, as simulated by the GEOS-CF. (nasa.gov)
  • Emissions have, for the most part, increased over the 20th century, leading to higher aerosol concentrations and tropospheric ozone levels as industrial activities and fossil fuel consumption increased. (copernicus.org)
  • The results are used here to characterize the mass concentrations, size distributions, and mass spectra of hydrocarbon-like and oxygenated organic aerosol (HOA and OOA, respectively). (nasa.gov)
  • Particulate air pollution is one of the major causes of premature death in the world, and combustion-derived soot emissions contribute strongly to the particulate pollution to which humans are exposed. (lu.se)
  • Whilst vehicles and industry are the predominant source of air pollution, solid fuel combustion sources also contribute a small amount to air pollution in Delhi. (wikipedia.org)
  • Researchers were thus able to see how reduced emissions of air pollution leads to cleaner air but also stronger climate warming. (eurasiareview.com)
  • Over the past couple of decades air pollutant emissions have shifted away from North America and Europe, due in large part to air pollution controls, to East and South Asia, driven by rapid industrialization and population growth in those regions. (copernicus.org)
  • The resultant negative impact on combustion increased the emissions of products of incomplete combustion, enhancing the potential of POP formation via de novo synthesis. (aaqr.org)
  • BC aerosols are generated from incomplete combustion of fossil fuels, biofuels, and biomass. (aaqr.org)
  • Carbon monoxide is an invisible, odorless, highly toxic gas that is produced through incomplete combustion. (carleton.edu)
  • This description of how combustion conditions may control soot properties can improve our understanding of processes related to light absorption in the atmosphere. (lu.se)
  • The environmental sources of microbial aerosols and processes by which they are emitted into the atmosphere are not well characterized. (nature.com)
  • From these data, we estimate each fire aerosolized an average of 7 ± 4 × 10 9 cells and 2 ± 1 × 10 8 biological INPs per m 2 burned and conclude that emissions from wildland fire are sources of viable microbial aerosols to the atmosphere. (nature.com)
  • Despite the varied roles of bioaerosols in environmental health, biological dispersion, and the land-atmosphere system, their ecological sources and emission mechanisms remain poorly understood [ 13 ]. (nature.com)
  • As devastating wildfires continue to rage in the western U.S. and Canada, a team of environmental engineers at Washington University in St. Louis have discovered that light-absorbing organic particulate matter, also known as brown carbon aerosol, in wildfire smoke loses its ability to absorb sunlight the longer it remains in the atmosphere. (sciencedaily.com)
  • Rajan Chakrabarty, assistant professor, and Brent Williams, the Raymond R. Tucker Distinguished InCEES Career Development Associate Professor, both aerosol scientists in the Department of Energy, Environmental & Chemical Engineering in the School of Engineering & Applied Science, and their labs found that brown carbon aerosol changes its properties from light-absorbing to light-scattering the longer it remains in the atmosphere. (sciencedaily.com)
  • But the other half comes as additional to previous emissions to the Earth's atmosphere, which seriously modified its composition. (paristechreview.com)
  • An interactive approach between emissions, routing network and atmosphere will be used in this research. (tudelft.nl)
  • Ribeiro & Assunção (2002) 21 published a review of these studies, focusing on emissions in the lower atmosphere that originate from biomass burning. (scielo.br)
  • Based on the abundance of particular gases in the atmosphere, ozone formation is sensitive to specific human-induced and natural emission sources. (copernicus.org)
  • Anthropogenic activities, from the generation of electricity to the ignition of forest fires, result in the emissions of gases and aerosol species into the atmosphere. (copernicus.org)
  • Soot emissions were studied from a miniCAST soot generator, a heavy-duty diesel engine, and from traditional and modern biomass based cook stoves. (lu.se)
  • The researchers on board were especially interested in learning how brown carbon released by wildfires affected the climate and how its warming effects compare to those of denser black carbon produced by high-temperature fossil fuel combustion, which is the second most influential warming agent after carbon dioxide. (azocleantech.com)
  • Brown carbon from biomass burning was determined to be responsible for nearly twice as much heat as brown carbon from fossil fuel combustion, according to the researchers. (azocleantech.com)
  • The increase in brown carbon aerosols will lead to global or regional warming, which increases the probability and frequency of wildfires. (azocleantech.com)
  • Fu and his collaborators aim to look into how wildfires change the composition of aerosols from resources other than brown carbon in the future. (azocleantech.com)
  • These observations may be useful for those trying to represent organic light-absorbing aerosols, or brown carbon, in climate models by identifying how they age, as well as understanding processes affecting how strongly they absorb light and cause warming,' said lead author James Lee. (labroots.com)
  • As Lee mentions, brown carbon emissions, or the carbon released by the combustion of organic matter, absorbed light at the previously determined potency only in the core of the plume, not at the edges. (labroots.com)
  • With this knowledge, they can further understand the health and climate effects of soot from burning fuels for transportation or natural emissions. (lu.se)
  • The overall aim of this thesis is to improve the understanding of relationships between combustion conditions, physicochemical soot properties, and parameters which are of relevance for adverse health effects and climate impact. (lu.se)
  • If this life cycle analysis is not taken into account, climate models could very well give rise to overestimated values of warming due to these aerosols. (sciencedaily.com)
  • Black Carbon (BC) aerosols are not only substantial climate-forcing drivers but also impact human health. (aaqr.org)
  • Black Carbon (BC) aerosols are termed as short-lived climate drivers and play a significant role in the Earth's climate system at regional and global scale. (aaqr.org)
  • This created a unique opportunity to study what happens to the climate if emissions of gases and aerosols are rapidly reduced. (eurasiareview.com)
  • When emissions suddenly decreased during the pandemic in South Asia (mainly Pakistan, India and Bangladesh), an opportunity was created to see what impact this had on the climate. (eurasiareview.com)
  • With a lower aerosol content, there is less cooling, and thus less 'masking' of the warming effect of the significantly longer-lived climate gases. (eurasiareview.com)
  • But despite an initial climate warming effect, we obviously still urgently need a powerful emission reduction," says Örjan Gustafsson. (eurasiareview.com)
  • The growth in air transportation will inevitably lead to an increase in aircraft combustion emissions and the consequent climate impact. (tudelft.nl)
  • Over the course of the project, details regarding the performance and emissions of these novel cycles will be understood and the consequent climate impact will be assessed. (tudelft.nl)
  • The southern hemisphere climate faces limited anthropogenic emissions, because only 10 percent of the world population can contribute with less pollutant providing activities, and hasn't changed, but that could well be because it is equally influenced and driven, like the northern hemisphere, by the variation of sun activity in diverse cycles. (scirp.org)
  • The project titled "Studies of optical and chemical properties of aged and fresh biomass burning absorbing aerosols for climate models" is funded by the Department of Energy. (ncat.edu)
  • This chemical variety of aerosol properties within the plumes was unexpected and has implications for the climate and human health. (labroots.com)
  • Welcome to dive into research discussions in the nexus of land-use, aerosols, climate, health and nature-based solutions! (lu.se)
  • LTHs Profile Area: Aerosols is an area working towards the shift to a sustainable society, the goals are to promote clean air, improve climate predictions and enable sustainable solutions. (lu.se)
  • BECC brings together more than 350 scientists from the natural and social sciences to perform research on the combined consequences of anthropogenic emissions, climate and land-use changes on biodiversity and ecosystem services on multiple scales, to provide a scientific basis for the sustainable management of ecosystems and biodiversity. (lu.se)
  • The results show that a complete phasing out of fossil fuel combustion in favor of renewable energy sources with zero emissions could result in rapid 'unmasking' of aerosols, while greenhouse gases linger. (eurasiareview.com)
  • Your machine is detecting gases released from a wide range of sources, such as aerosol sprays and air fresheners. (dyson.com)
  • Your machine is detecting oxidising gases such as NO2, released by combustion. (dyson.com)
  • These precursors are emitted from both combustion and non-combustion processes that include residential energy use, on- and off-road vehicles, energy generation, solvent use, industrial processes, and agricultural fertilizer application 6 . (nature.com)
  • Colloquium in Dresden will be on superfine aerosols and nanoparticles which are present in our air as a result of combustion processes and industrial production and which have negative effects on our health. (ilkdresden.de)
  • The team further performs aging experiments on selected African fuel-derived primary combustion emissions using an oxidation flow reactor. (ncat.edu)
  • There is a lack of data on how renewable fuels change the semi-volatile organic fraction of exhaust emissions. (lu.se)
  • We are conducting in-depth research on the surface properties of aerosol soot utilizing X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) at FinEstBeAMS," says Dr Le. (lu.se)
  • This paper illustrates a method to determine the experimental uncertainties in the measurement of tailpipe emissions of carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides, hydrocarbons, and particulates. (sae.org)
  • Currently, regulations on vehicle evaporative emissions only focus on the sum of Total Hydrocarbons (THC) without taking into account either the detailed hydrocarbon composition nor other chemicals be. (sae.org)
  • which play a role in ozone chemistry, featured as the different "families" or groups of chemical species: the Ox family, extended HOx family, hydrocarbons, "isoprene oxidation", aerosols, and the extended NOx family. (nasa.gov)
  • The new methodology and interpretation can improve methods that use aerosol mass spectrometry for the source apportionment of combustion emissions. (lu.se)
  • Disposable filters have not been shown to cause an increase in NO 2 tailpipe emissions. (cdc.gov)
  • Diesel particulate filters relying on this off-line regeneration have not been shown to cause an increase in NO 2 tailpipe emissions. (cdc.gov)
  • A way to reduce harmful exhaust and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and secure the sources of energy is to develop technology for an efficient diesel engine operation independent of fossil fuels. (lu.se)
  • In order to characterize and explain the difference in exhaust emissions from fossil diesel, HVO and RME fuels, particulate matter (PM) emissions were sampled at two exhaust positions of an experimental single cylinder Scania D13 heavy-duty (HD) diesel engine: at the exhaust manifold, and after a diesel oxidation catalyst (DOC). (lu.se)
  • Chakrabarty, Williams and their lab members made the discovery by burning peatland fuels, acquired from different regions of Alaska with the help of the U.S. Forest Service, in their combustion chamber. (sciencedaily.com)
  • The first phase of the ACACIA pilot study included "analyzing particle emissions produced by burning multiple African biomass fuels at LANL - including acacia, eucalyptus, mopane, wanza, cow-dung and savanna grass that have a moisture content below 15% as measured at LANL - and focusing on various combustion conditions, by adjusting the temperature of a tube furnace, according to gas analyzer data and modified combustion efficiency calculations. (ncat.edu)
  • Although emissions of and exposure to DPM can sometimes be controlled through the use of newer diesel engines, better engine maintenance, use of alternative fuels, or ventilation upgrades, some mines may need to use diesel particulate filters. (cdc.gov)
  • Experiments were conducted to determine the optical scattering properties of diesel particulate matter (DPM) and various combustion aerosols from both flaming and smoldering combustion sources at discrete angles of 151 and 301 in the forward direction. (cdc.gov)
  • Black carbon (BC) is one such emission and denotes soot with strong light absorption in the ultraviolet to infrared spectrum. (lu.se)
  • The temperature and carbon emission during the combustion process define the absorption properties of black carbon. (aaqr.org)
  • In the second week, the team investigated black carbon formation in mixed-combustion and flaming-dominated burns using a single-particle soot photometer (SP2), according to Katherine Benedict,D., a research scientist at LANL. (ncat.edu)
  • Controlled laboratory combustion experiments indicated that smoke emitted from dead vegetation contained significantly higher numbers of cells, INPs, and culturable bacteria relative to the green shrubs tested. (nature.com)
  • Though the majority of aerosols globally have natural sources, the anthropogenic aerosols (including from biomass and biofuel burning, fossil fuel combustion, and application of fertilizer) will impact a greater portion of the population because of close proximity to the sources. (nasa.gov)
  • and international shipping) and four fuel categories (total coal, solid biofuel, the sum of liquid-fuel and natural-gas combustion, and remaining process-level emissions). (healthdata.org)
  • Due to its myriad of sources and complex formation chemistry, both the total mass and chemical constituents of PM 2.5 depend on local environmental conditions, dominant sources, and the magnitude of those source-specific emissions. (nature.com)
  • Covers ambient aerosols from all sources, including emissions from internal combustion engines. (dieselnet.com)
  • For traffic related sources, growth in vehicle numbers and mileage seems to outpace efforts to reduce emissions. (wikipedia.org)
  • The measuring station is strategically placed to capture air masses from the Asian subcontinent and located in an area with few regional emission sources. (eurasiareview.com)
  • We first derive a model-ready parameterization for SOA formation from IVOC emissions from mobile sources. (copernicus.org)
  • By incorporating both comprehensive mobile-source emission profiles for semivolatile organic compounds (SVOCs) and IVOCs and experimentally constrained SOA yields, this CMAQ configuration best represents the contribution of mobile sources to urban and regional ambient organic aerosol (OA). (copernicus.org)
  • 2005) has been applied to deconvolve the mass spectra of organic aerosols acquired with the Aerosol Mass Spectrometer (AMS) in Pittsburgh during September 2002. (nasa.gov)
  • Aerosols at the setup face were found to be distributed among diesel combustion-generated submicrometer and mechanically generated coarse aerosols. (cdc.gov)
  • According to the data, the submicrometer aerosols downstream of the setup face were sourced to diesel exhaust emitted by vehicles operated inside and outside of the panel. (cdc.gov)
  • Hygroscopicity of the submicrometer aerosol at the high-alpine site Jungfraujoch, 3580 m a.s.l. (manchester.ac.uk)
  • This report evaluates the emissions from 45 different light duty vehicles (cars, vans and pickups) including direct injected turbocharged diesel engines and three types of gasoline engines: spark ignited and naturally aspirated (SI NA), spark ignited and turbocharged (SI turbo) and spark ignited and direct injected (SI DI). (dieselnet.com)
  • Retarding the fuel injection timing is an effective strategy for controlling NO x emissions from diesel engines. (aaqr.org)
  • The study concludes that although retarding the fuel injection timing leads to a decrease in NO x emissions from diesel engines, it also results in an increase in PAH and POP emissions. (aaqr.org)
  • Effects of Crude Tall Oil Based Renewable Diesel on the Performance and Emissions of a Non-Road Diesel Engine. (uwasa.fi)
  • Overall, CO 2 emission shares less than 50% of the total aviation radiative forcing if non-CO 2 effects from NO x , water vapor, direct aerosol, contrails and the induced cirrus (contrail-cirrus) are included. (tudelft.nl)
  • Radiative Absorption and Emission d. (elsevier.com)
  • Advanced analyzing techniques were used to characterize the composition of the organic PM. Special attention was paid to an operating point at 18% intake oxygen level with constant engine operating conditions where the emission level of nitrogen oxides (NOx) was low, and carbon monoxide (CO) and total hydrocarbon (THC) were relatively low. (lu.se)
  • On-line aerosol mass spectrometry (AMS) suggests that the chemical composition of the organic aerosols (OAs) was similar for HVO and diesel. (lu.se)
  • However, RME both reduced the OA emissions and changed the composition with evidence for fuel signatures in the mass spectra. (lu.se)
  • The DOC strongly reduced primary organic emissions in both the gas (THC) and particle phase (OA) and only marginally affected OA composition. (lu.se)
  • Moschos initially hypothesized that the AE33 multiple scattering correction is influenced by aerosol size, composition, aging, and morphology. (ncat.edu)
  • The initial hypothesis was validated, showing that the AE33 calibration is influenced by combustion conditions and chemical composition, with higher values observed in smoldering burns. (ncat.edu)
  • Consequently, mines should be aware of the chemical composition of any catalysts they choose to employ and the resulting impact on NO 2 emissions. (cdc.gov)
  • According to the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 60% of the total global emissions of CO are from human activities. (carleton.edu)
  • This study investigates the measurement of the mass and the number of heavy duty automotive particle emissions and their related size distributions. (dieselnet.com)
  • However, because of electrical charge, caused by friction or due to anthropogenic negatively charged nano structured particle, emissions will travel up to the lower stratosphere and become neutralized at the electro sphere level, and they do also have a tendency to move to the Arctic. (scirp.org)
  • Bioaerosols & Aerosol based Disease Transmission f. (elsevier.com)
  • The fuel injection timing was retarded from -8° to -6° and the diesel exhaust gas samples were analyzed for PAH and POP emissions. (aaqr.org)
  • The results show that low temperature combustion conditions result in soot with immature characteristics, while higher temperatures result in more mature soot. (lu.se)
  • It was hypothesized from the analysis of soot properties that the diesel soot potential to form ROS with increasing combustion temperature in the first step increased due to more mature soot nanostructures, and in the second step due to increased oxidation and altered surface oxygen functional groups. (lu.se)
  • Combustion (Soot) & High Temperature Aerosols i. (elsevier.com)
  • These global dietary shifts contribute greatly to increasing greenhouse gas emissions because of their higher carbon and water intensities. (tudelft.nl)
  • Dr Kim Cuong Le from Lund University is adjusting the soot aerosol generator at beamline FinEstBeAMS. (lu.se)