Colonic epithelial cells. Medical search. Frequent questions

This constant replacement of the epithelium is driven by cells located in the base of colonic crypts, which constantly divide and give rise to the various differentiated cell types. (nature.com)
As the colonic epithelium is physiologically exposed to butyrate and to activators of protein kinase C, we examined the effect of the protein kinase C signalling pathway on butyrate-induced expression of markers of differentiation. (edu.au)
Accordingly, immunohistochemistry with specific antibodies shows that HMGCS2 is expressed mainly in differentiated cells of human colonic epithelium. (aacrjournals.org)
These organoids include a polarized epithelial layer that surrounds a functional lumen and contains cell types of the intestinal epithelium present in proportions and relative spatial arrangement that mimic what is observed in vivo. (stemcell.com)
The intestinal epithelium incorporates several distinct cell populations, including the rapidly dividing intestinal stem cells (ISCs) that facilitate the typical four-to-five day turnover cycle of the adult intestinal epithelium. (stemcell.com)
Diagram of the small intestinal epithelium highlighting the identity and spatial arrangement of key epithelial cell types. (stemcell.com)
The adult intestinal epithelium is primarily composed of six cell types that are arranged in a crypt-villus structure (Figure 1). (stemcell.com)
In vivo, NTSR1 mRNA expression was undetectable in superficial differentiated epithelial cells in histological specimens of normal human colonic epithelium, but there was moderate and strong expression in adenomas and adenocarcinomas respectively. (springer.com)
Colon cancer, which arises from the colonic epithelium, exhibits decreased hydroxymethylation and altered gene expression. (intechopen.com)
The gastrointestinal epithelium is comprised of cells that have gaps between them, making them selectively permeable and providing a barrier that keeps out pathogens, toxins, and antigens from entering the gut, while allowing the absorption of nutrients. (scienceblog.com)

Upon colonization of the colonic mucosa, the trophozoite may encyst and is then excreted in the feces, or it may invade the intestinal mucosal barrier and gain access to the bloodstream, whereby it is disseminated to the liver, lung, and other sites. (medscape.com)
The mucosa in ulcerative colitis (UC) is replete with antibody producing plasma B cells and polymorphonuclear leucocytes (PMN). (bmj.com)
The aetiology of UC is unknown but the mucosa contains large numbers of polymorphonuclear leucocytes (PMN) and immunoglobulin secreting plasma cells. (bmj.com)
Unlike the normal mucosa, the UC mucosa contains large numbers of IgG plasma cells, reminiscent of a typical peripheral immune response towards an invading pathogen, leading to local deposition of IgG on epithelial cells. (bmj.com)
PRGOMET Z, ANDERSSON T and LINDBERG P. Higher expression of WNT5A in oral squamous cell carcinoma compared to dysplasia and oral mucosa with a normal appearance. (lu.se)
Trauma to the genitalia, which can cause a breach in the integrity of epithelial or urethral mucosa, is a frequently recognized mechanism by which bacteria are introduced, subsequently initiating the infectious process. (medscape.com)

In epithelial cells, fibroblasts, and endothelial cells the response is immediate after the stimulation by proinflammatory cytokines as IL-1β and TNFα. (wikipedia.org)
We explored whether LPL affects (a) lipoprotein transport across bovine aortic endothelial cells or (b) lipoprotein binding to subendothelial cell matrix (retention). (jci.org)
The angiogenic effects of IL8 in intestinal microvascular endothelial cells are found to be mediated by this receptor. (cancerindex.org)
The tight junction, also known as zonula occludens , is the apical-most component of the junctional complex of epithelial and endothelial cells. (rupress.org)

In Tg murine and normal human colonic enterocytes as well as in colorectal cell lines CD97 was localized preferentially in E-cadherin-based adherens junctions. (nih.gov)

During this process, the cells migrate along the crypt wall towards the surface where they are shed into the lumen. (nature.com)
The SCFAs are rapidly adsorbed from the colonic lumen and constitute a preferred energy source for colonic epithelial cells. (biomedcentral.com)
Some trophozoites in the colonic lumen become cysts that are excreted with stool. (msdmanuals.com)

In ulcerative colitis, this epithelial permeability becomes leaky, allowing bacterial products to cross into the gut and nutrients and water to leak out. (scienceblog.com)
Specifically, it fixes intestinal epithelial permeability defects caused by 'interferon-gamma,' an inflammatory cytokine involved in autoimmune diseases such as ulcerative colitis and rheumatoid arthritis. (scienceblog.com)

The colonic epithelial turnover is driven by crypt-base stem cells that express the R-spondin receptor Lgr5. (nature.com)
Rspo proteins are secreted and can stabilize the effects of Wnt ligands by preventing ubiquitination and turnover of the Wnt receptor frizzled 9 , thereby dictating the size of the Lgr5 + stem cell pool by regulating self-renewal of Lgr5 + cells 10 . (nature.com)
Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction analysis showed that ET-3 and a receptor for ET-3 were expressed by both colonic mesenchymes and epithelia, but the levels were much higher in mesenchymes than in epithelia. (elsevierpure.com)
Targeted delivery of the TcdB enzymatic domain, through fusion with a detoxified diphtheria toxin, into peptidergic sensory neurons that express exogeneous diphtheria toxin receptor (an approach we term toxogenetics) is sufficient to induce neurogenic inflammation and recapitulates major colonic histopathology associated with CDI. (nature.com)
The adhesion G-protein-coupled receptor CD97 is present in normal colonic enterocytes but overexpressed in colorectal carcinoma. (nih.gov)
This receptor also binds to chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 1 (CXCL1/MGSA), a protein with melanoma growth stimulating activity, and has been shown to be a major component required for serum-dependent melanoma cell growth. (cancerindex.org)
18 Studies on B cell receptor gene usage of these infiltrating IgG positive lymphocytes demonstrate that they are of peripheral and not mucosal origin in UC versus controls. (bmj.com)

[ 6 ] Normal APC protein promotes apoptosis in colonic cells. (medscape.com)
The resultant loss of APC function prevents apoptosis and allows b-catenin to accumulate intracellularly and to stimulate cell growth with the consequent development of adenomas. (medscape.com)
This causes alterations in the expression of a variety of genes, thereby affecting the proliferation, differentiation, migration, and apoptosis of cells. (medscape.com)
E histolytica is a pseudopod-forming, nonflagellated protozoal parasite that causes proteolysis and tissue lysis (hence the species name) and can induce host-cell apoptosis. (medscape.com)
While knockout circIFT80 in HT29 cell or SW480 cells, the proliferation, and migration of the cells were inhibited, the cell cycle was arrested in G2/M phase, and the cell apoptosis was increased. (hindawi.com)
For example, circRNA_000166 can function as an oncogene by promoting the proliferation of CRC cells and by limiting apoptosis. (hindawi.com)
β -Catenin is a transcription factor that plays an important role in cell proliferation, cellular differentiation, apoptosis, and metastasis [ 10 ]. (hindawi.com)
Previous research has demonstrated that β -catenin can contribute to malignant progression and distant metastasis in CRC by promoting proliferation, limiting apoptosis, and accelerating epithelial-mesenchymal transition [ 11 , 12 ]. (hindawi.com)
Effects of taspine on proliferation and apoptosis by regulating caspase-3 expression and the ratio of Bax/Bcl-2 in A431 cells. (rain-tree.com)
Sangre de grado ( Croton palanostigma ) induces apoptosis in human gastrointestinal cancer cells. (rain-tree.com)

CCL7 is expressed in many types of cells, including stromal cells, keratinocytes, airway smooth muscle cells, parenchymal cells, fibroblasts and leukocytes and also in tumor cells. (wikipedia.org)
Mismatch repair proteins correct King Khalid University Hospital, King mal nuclear staining in lymphocytes the insertion and deletion mutations Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia and normal epithelial or stromal cells that occur when DNA is copied be- between 2007 and 2009 were retrieved was required serving as internal con- fore cell division. (who.int)

We demonstrate that Rspo3 is essential for epithelial repair via induction of Wnt signaling in differentiated cells. (nature.com)

Activators and inhibitors of protein kinase C were used in combination with butyrate and effects on the expression of markers of differentiation examined in colon cancer cell lines. (edu.au)
We conclude that protein kinase C does not mediate the differentiating effects of butyrate on colon cancer cells, but its activation regulates butyrate-induced cellular differentiation. (edu.au)
In CaCo-2 colonic epithelial cells, the expression of this gene increases with cell differentiation. (aacrjournals.org)
T cells must substantially increase nutrient uptake to mount a proper immune response and failure to obtain sufficient nutrients or engage the appropriate metabolic pathways can alter or prevent effector T cell differentiation and function. (elifesciences.org)
This review will discuss the metabolic adaptations necessary for T cells to meet changing biochemical needs throughout different stages of differentiation. (elifesciences.org)
TET1 plays a critical role in intestinal epithelial differentiation and development, and this is also correlated with increased hydroxymethylation in terminally differentiated epithelial cells. (intechopen.com)
To understand what elements of BMPs and SMADs are affected by Cd to influence osteogenic differentiation and if BMPs can be the biomarkers of which Cd-induced osteoporosis, human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells were treated with CdCl2 in vitro to detect the expression of BMPs and SMADs, and 134 subjects were enrolled to explore if the BMPs can be potential biomarkers of cadmium-associated bone damage. (bvsalud.org)
MEHDAWI LM, PRASAD CP, EHRNSTRÖM R, ANDERSSON T and SJÖLANDER A. Non-canonical WNT5A signaling up-regulates the expression of the tumor suppressor 15-PGDH via JNK1 and induces differentiation of colon cancer cells. (lu.se)

The colonic carcinoma, the adenomas and the normal tissue showed strong nuclear reactivity to hMSH2 and hMSH6 in 96.9% of the cases. (who.int)

This study was designed to determine whether miRNAs regulate NOD2 expression as well as downstream nuclear factor kappaB activation and inflammatory responses in colonic epithelial HCT116 cells. (elsevierpure.com)
Inappropriate responses to colonic bacteria can lead to the development of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) in genetically susceptible individuals. (uky.edu)
appropriate responses of IEC to colonic bacteria may promote intestinal homeostasis by maintaining a balance between pro- and anti-inflammatory gene expression. (uky.edu)
Thus, epithelial cells bearing HLA-DR are capable of enhancing CD3-induced activation of human colonic intraepithelial lymphocytes and subject to inhibition by 5-aminosalicylic acid, the active moiety of salicylates used in inflammatory bowel disease. (ox.ac.uk)
IL-23 is a pro-inflammatory cell-signaling cytokine that acts as a messenger to alert the immune system when something is wrong, such as tissue damage, triggering inflammation. (janssen.com)
The trophozoites can penetrate and invade the colonic mucosal barrier, leading to tissue destruction, secretory bloody diarrhea, and colitis resembling inflammatory bowel disease . (medscape.com)
This combination of effector cells requires a crosslinking antigen to evoke an antibody driven PMN inflammatory response via their Fc receptors. (bmj.com)
Epithelial intestinal organoids, often referred to as enteroids or "mini-guts", maintain the physiological characteristics of the gastrointestinal system and have been a useful cell culture tool to model intestinal development and disease including the study of colon cancer, celiac disease, inflammatory bowel diseases and host microbiome interactions. (sigmaaldrich.com)
Note the acute inflammatory cells in the necrotic tissue. (medscape.com)

Cytokine gene transcription of human colonic intraepithelial lymphocytes costimulated with epithelial cells bearing HLA-DR and its inhibition by 5-aminosalicylic acid. (ox.ac.uk)
As part of this strategy, Janssen is actively studying of the role of the interleukin (IL)-23 pathway and how its inhibition can help prevent immune cells from triggering symptoms of disease. (janssen.com)
Croton lechleri sap and isolated alkaloid taspine exhibit inhibition against human melanoma SK23 and colon cancer HT29 cell lines. (rain-tree.com)
1980. Inhibition by bran of the colonic cocarcinogenicity of bile salts in rats given dimethylhydrazine. (cdc.gov)

Lgr5 is a well-established marker of these basal stem cells in the gastrointestinal tract 1 and lineage tracing experiments have demonstrated that Lgr5 + cells give rise to clonal cell populations establishing entire colonic crypts 2 . (nature.com)
Expression of Lgr5 is controlled by Wnt signaling, which plays a critical role for stem cell turnover in the gastrointestinal tract 2 . (nature.com)
However it remains to be solved whether ET-3 plays a role in regulating the growth of gastrointestinal epithelial cells. (elsevierpure.com)
In the present study, we examined optimal culture conditions for colonic epithelial cells, and examined whether ET-3 affects the growth of gastrointestinal epithelial cells, with special reference to colonic cells. (elsevierpure.com)
Intestinal epithelial cells (lEe) act at the interface between the mnate and acquired immune responses to bacteria in the gastrointestinal tract. (uky.edu)

We demonstrate that while Rspo3 from myofibroblasts maintains colonic Lgr5 + cells during homeostasis, during injury its main function is not to maintain Lgr5 + cells but to interact with more differentiated cells that express Lgr4 but not Lgr5 and are able to regain expression of Wnt target genes and generate new crypts. (nature.com)
Methods: NOD2 and miRNA expression in stimulated HCT116 cells were assessed by quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. (elsevierpure.com)
Overexpression of miR-192, miR-495, miR-512, and miR-671 suppressed NOD2 expression, muramyl dipeptide-mediated NF-κB activation, and messenger RNA expressions of interleukin-8 and CXCL3 in HCT116 cells. (elsevierpure.com)
We further demonstrated that oral administration of the antibiotic metronidazole, a therapeutic used to reduce numbers of colonic bacteria in IBD patients, caused a significant decrease in pIgR expression in wild-type but not TLR4-deficient mice. (uky.edu)
Butyrate-induced expression of carcinoembryonic antigen and interleukin-8, dome formation and cell turnover were also markedly augmented by pre-treatment with phorbol myristate acetate. (edu.au)
In eukaryotic cells, chromatin comprises a complex consisting of DNA, RNA, and proteins where covalent modifications correlate with regulation of gene expression [ 1 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
It was demonstrated that expression of interleukin‑8 (IL‑8) mRNA was significantly upregulated in Gem‑R PaCa cells by cDNA microarray and RT‑qPCR analyses. (cancerindex.org)
Tas13D inhibits growth of SMMC-7721 cell via suppression VEGF and EGF expression. (rain-tree.com)

In summary, CD97 increases the structural integrity of enterocytic adherens junctions by increasing and stabilizing junctional beta-catenin, thereby regulating intestinal epithelial strength and attenuating experimental colitis. (nih.gov)

In this present study, we found that circIFT80 was abnormally overexpression in colorectal cancer tissues and tumor cells. (hindawi.com)
We will then examine how tumor cells create a toxic milieu for T cells that enter the TME. (elifesciences.org)

As a result, APC is considered the gatekeeper of colonic neoplasia. (medscape.com)

Our study shows tofacitinib is not just acting on immune cells, as was first thought, but can have a direct effect on the epithelial cells that are the key factor in maintaining gut barrier function. (scienceblog.com)
McCole's research group was the first to identify PTPN2 normally helps to protect the barrier function of the epithelial cells that line the gut. (scienceblog.com)
The gut barrier is made up of the mucus layer, gut microbiome, epithelial cells, and immune cells in the lamina propria. (medscape.com)

We have previously reported culture systems for forestomach, glandular stomach and duodenal epithelial cells, but a system for colonic epithelial cells has not been established. (elsevierpure.com)
We found that ET-3 dose-dependently and region-specifically stimulated their growth in primary culture: colonic epithelial cells were most responsive, followed by duodenal and glandular stomach epithelial cells. (elsevierpure.com)

Germline (ie, inherited) mutations of the APC gene, as is the case with FAP, result in cells containing one mutated copy and one normal copy of the gene. (medscape.com)
Based on these findings, we propose that ketogenesis is an undesirable metabolic characteristic of the proliferating cell, which is down-regulated through c-Myc-mediated repression of the key metabolic gene HMGCS2 . (aacrjournals.org)
Germline (ie, inherited) mutations of the APC gene, as is the case with FAP, result in cells containing 1 mutated copy and 1 normal copy of the gene. (medscape.com)

Ultrastructural analysis revealed that overexpression of CD97 strengthened lateral cell-cell contacts between enterocytes, which, in contrast, were weakened in CD97 knockout (Ko) mice. (nih.gov)
In in vitro studies, the addition of NT to human colon cancer cell lines resulted in significantly increased cancer cell growth and the growth of xenografted human colon cancer cells in mice [ 9 ]. (springer.com)

Some of these techniques include novel tools for genetic manipulation, 4,5 approaches for in vitro disease modelling 6-9 and innovative co-culture system with autologous cell types 10,11 or bacteria, 12-14 as well as viral infection models. (stemcell.com)
The results indicated that certain Cd was released into the digestive juice after in vitro digestion with a bioaccessibility of 20-63% for rice and 3-32% for leafy vegetables, and the released portion was partially absorbed by Caco-2 cells with a bioavailability of 2-21% for rice and 0.2-13% for leafy vegetables. (bvsalud.org)

9 Department of Cell and Developmental Biology and Program in Chemical and Physical Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee. (aacrjournals.org)
17 This property of rapid regeneration at intestinal stasis makes the intestine a uniquely convenient model system for epithelial cell biology and adult stem cell biology studies both inside and outside the specific context of intestinal function. (stemcell.com)
Expanded understanding of the basic biology of T cell activation has enabled immunotherapy to combat cancer, and T cell metabolism now offers the opportunity to optimize and improve these therapeutic strategies. (elifesciences.org)
1. The cell biology of MHC class I-restricted antigen processing and presentation: My laboratory continues to explore the forces that drive the extremely rapid MHC class I-restricted presentation of both cytosolic and endoplasmic reticulum-targeted proteins, and how differential processing could impact both the induction and effector phases of CD8+ T cell responses. (upenn.edu)
2. The cell biology of MHC class II-restricted antigen processing and presentation: A generally accepted paradigm in fundamental immunology is that CD4+ T cells recognize peptides derived from exogenous (internalized) sources of antigen while CD8+ recognize peptides derived from endogenous sources of antigen (generally, proteins synthesized within the antigen-presenting cell). (upenn.edu)

In contrast, ACT expands a patient's own T cells ex vivo to direct anti-tumor immunity when transfused back into the patient. (elifesciences.org)

Chemical injury induced by DSS leads to a loss of both Lgr5 + cells and Axin2 + cells and epithelial regeneration is driven by Axin2 − cells, including differentiated Krt20 + surface enterocytes. (nature.com)

The objectives of this study were to activate human colonic intraepithelial lymphocytes at the transcriptional level with HLA-DR+ human colonic epithelial cell line (HT29) in synergy with CD3 monoclonal antibody and to investigate the molecular mechanism for the therapeutic effects of 5-aminosalicylic acid. (ox.ac.uk)
Mouse and human intestinal cell data are available from the Broad Institute Single Cell portal with the accession number SCP1038 . (nature.com)
The gut microbiome, a key constituent of the colonic environment, has been implicated as an important modulator of human health. (biomedcentral.com)
Since the introduction of the mouse small intestinal organoid model in 2009, 1 there has been an avalanche of developments in this field, including development of culture conditions for human organoids derived from primary colonic tissue, 2 as well as from human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs). (stemcell.com)
Human intestinal organoids are self-organizing, 3D structures that can be expanded in long-term culture and differentiate into intestinal epithelial cell types. (sigmaaldrich.com)
3dGRO ™ Human iPSC Derived Colon Organoids are derived from integration-free human iPS cells (Cat. (sigmaaldrich.com)
Human iPS cells were differentiated using a multi-step process from definitive endoderm to posterior hind-gut endoderm and eventually into colon organoids (Figure 1. (sigmaaldrich.com)
Highly characterized cryopreserved human colon intestinal organoids derived from integration-free human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). (sigmaaldrich.com)
A novel angiogenesis inhibitor impairs LoVo cell survival via targeting against human VEGFR and its signaling pathway of phosphorylation. (rain-tree.com)
Proanthocyanidin derived from the leaves of Vaccinium virgatum suppresses platelet-derived growth factor-induced proliferation of the human hepatic stellate cell line LI90. (rain-tree.com)
His team tested tofacitinib in human intestinal epithelial cell lines, as well as in organoids, or colonoids, that were derived from primary human colonic stem cells isolated from human subjects - primarily patients undergoing elective colonoscopy for colon cancer screening - and found tofacitinib repaired inflammation-induced permeability defects in both. (scienceblog.com)
OSMAN J, BELLAMONDO K, LIU Q, ANDERSSON T* & SJÖLANDER A*. The WNT5A agonist Foxy5 reduces the number of colonic cancer stem cells in a xenograph mouse model of human colonic cancer. (lu.se)

We have shown that in the stomach, stem cell homeostasis is regulated by Wnt and Rspo secreted by stromal myofibroblasts 11 . (nature.com)

AAPC is characterized by fewer colonic polyps (average number of polyps, 30-35) as compared with the classic FAP. (medscape.com)
The polyps also tend to develop at a later age (average age, 36 y), and they tend to involve the proximal colonic area. (medscape.com)
AAPC is characterized by fewer colonic polyps (average number of polyps, 30-35) as compared to classic FAP. (medscape.com)

Signals that regulate epithelial regeneration upon stem cell injury are largely unknown. (nature.com)
The majority of epithelial cells are therefore short-lived, in contrast to a limited number of long-lived stem cells in the base of the crypts. (nature.com)
While Lgr5 + cells are long-lived and act as stem cells during homeostatic conditions, experimental models have demonstrated that Lgr5 + stem cells per se are not essential for maintaining epithelial integrity 3 . (nature.com)
The intricate molecular mechanisms involved in the regenerative process of the normal intestine and the identity of putative somatic intestinal stem cells have become clear. (mdpi.com)
18 At the base of the intestinal crypt, the ISCs are found intercalated with Paneth cells, 17 credited with much of the signaling required to maintain the stem cell niche. (stemcell.com)
Organoids can be propagated from patient biopsies and from embryonic (ES) and induced pluripotent stem cells (iPS cells). (sigmaaldrich.com)

The organoids express colon-specific markers including the posterior hindgut marker CDX2, a-carbonic anydrase II (CA-II), a-carbonic anhydrase IV (CA-IV), and goblet cell markers Mucin-2 and Mucin-5B. (sigmaaldrich.com)

E. histolytica trophozoites can adhere to and kill colonic epithelial cells and polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) and can cause dysentery with blood and mucus but with few PMNs in stool. (msdmanuals.com)

In: Chemically induced cell proliferation: Implications for risk assessment. (cdc.gov)

Despite the increased paracellular permeability, there were no changes in gross epithelial cell morphology as determined by scanning EM. (rupress.org)

This has been studied mainly in the small intestine, where different cell types such as enterocyte progenitors 4 , more differentiated secretory Bmi1 + cells 3 , or even fully differentiated Paneth cells can repopulate crypts upon injury. (nature.com)

Maciorkowska E, Panasiuk A, Kondej-Muszyńska K, Kaczmarski M, Kemona A: Mucosal gastrin cells and serum gastrin levels in children with Helicobacterpylori infection. (karger.com)

Long-term activation of protein kinase c causes chronic Na/H antiporter stimulation in cultured proximal tubule cells. (jci.org)
To examine the role of protein kinase C as a chronic regulator of proximal tubule Na/H antiporter activity, the effect of phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) on the Na/H antiporter was studied in cultured proximal tubule cells. (jci.org)
Proximal tubule cells exposed to PMA for 2 h demonstrated a two- to threefold increase in Na/H antiporter mRNA (mRNANa/H) abundance 4 h later. (jci.org)

induced during the infection of murine macrophage cells ( 15, 16). (researchgate.net)

In humans, 1%-64% of colonic of antimicrobial drug therapy) during the spring cholera specimens demonstrate intestinal spirochetosis, with the outbreak of 2006 in Dhaka, Bangladesh, at the Interna- highest prevalence in developing countries and immuno- tional Centre for Diarrheal Disease Research, Bangladesh, compromised populations ( 4 ). (cdc.gov)

Flow cytometry analysis suggested that the lymphocyte population had a CD4/CD8 ratio similar to that observed in intact tissue sections and that there was no HT29 contamination of the lymphocytes isolated again from cocultured cells. (ox.ac.uk)
Gardner syndrome is characterized by colonic polyposis typical of FAP, along with osteomas (bony growth most commonly on the skull and the mandible), dental abnormalities, and soft tissue tumors. (medscape.com)

The speed of immune responses varies depending on the type of the cells. (wikipedia.org)

We identify two populations of cells with active Wnt signaling: highly proliferative Lgr5 + /Axin2 + cells, as well as secretory Lgr5 − /Axin2 + cells. (nature.com)

As the clonal expansion of cells that lack APC function occurs, their rapid growth increases the possibility for other growth-advantageous genetic events to occur. (medscape.com)

Invasion of colonic epithelial cells and bleeding may occur ( 4 , 12 ). (cdc.gov)
gain access to the cell membrane to initiate invasion ( 9, 10). (researchgate.net)
PRASAD CP, SÖDERGREN K and ANDERSSON T. Reduced production and uptake of lactate are essential for the ability of WNT5A signaling to inhibit breast cancer cell migration and invasion. (lu.se)
PRASAD CP, CHAURASIYA SK, GUILMAIN W, and ANDERSSON T. WNT5A signaling impairs breast cancer cell migration and invasion via mechanisms independent of the epithelial-mesenchymal transition. (lu.se)
Demonstration of a WNT5A-IL-6 positive feedback loop in melanoma cells: Dual interference of this loop more effectively impairs melanoma cell invasion. (lu.se)

Two of the primary immunotherapies are immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) and adoptive cell transfer (ACT). (elifesciences.org)
We have found that a variety of endogenous processing pathways are the major drivers of the primary CD4+ T cell response to influenza and also rabies. (upenn.edu)

The study is the first to show the drug, tofacitinib , also called Xeljanz, has a direct effect on cells lining the gut by correcting defects that occur in inflammation. (scienceblog.com)

The intestinal niche has been well-characterized, and shown to consist of spatial gradients of high WNT and Epithelial Growth Factor (EGF), while Bone Morphogenetic Protein (BMP) signals are inhibited. (stemcell.com)

For example, CCL7-mediated stimulation of CCR2 chemokine receptors on monocytes is participating in the elimination of Listeria monocytogenes infections by the recruitment of monocytes and TNF/iNOS-producing dendritic cells (TipDCs). (wikipedia.org)

Fecal-oral transmission can also occur in the setting of anal sexual practices or direct rectal inoculation through colonic irrigation devices. (medscape.com)
We thought tofacitinib might be a very effective way of correcting the defects that occur from the loss-of-function mutations of PTPN2 without having to introduce new genes into a cell, animal, or patient," she said. (scienceblog.com)

Anatomy64

Organisms13

Diseases26

Chemicals and Drugs80

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment26

Phenomena and Processes44

Disciplines and Occupations1

Technology, Industry, Agriculture1

Information Science3

Epithelium10

Mucosa6

Endothelial cells4

Normal human colonic1

Lumen3

Ulcerative colitis2

Receptor7

Apoptosis10

Stromal cells2

Signaling in differentiated cells1

Differentiation8

Adenomas1

Inflammatory9

Inhibition4

Gastrointestinal5

Expression8

Junctional1

Tumor Cells2

Neoplasia1

Barrier3

Glandular2

Gene3

Mice2

Vitro2

Biology5

Vivo1

Enterocytes1

Human12

Homeostasis1

Polyps3

Stem6

Organoids1

Polymorphonuclear1

Proliferation1

Permeability1

Paneth1

Mucosal1

Proximal3

Murine1

Specimens1

Tissue2

Responses1

Populations1

Clonal1

Invasion5

Primary2

Inflammation1

Protein1

Dendritic1

Occur2