Colon carcinoma tolerance antigen of tumor. Medical search. Frequent questions

Increased tryptophan (Trp) catabolism in the tumor microenvironment (TME) can mediate immune suppression by upregulation of interferon (IFN)-gamma-inducible indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO1) and/or ectopic expression of the predominantly liver-restricted enzyme tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase (TDO). (bioxcell.com)
However, the tumor microenvironment (TME) imposes different mechanisms that facilitate the impairment of DC functions, such as inefficient antigen presentation or polarization into immunosuppressive DCs. (mdpi.com)
Tumors exhibit significant myeloid cell infiltrates, which are actively recruited to the tumor microenvironment. (hindawi.com)
Finally, we will comment on the mechanisms regulating myeloid cell recruitment to the tumor microenvironment and on the potential of myeloid cells as new targets for cancer therapy. (hindawi.com)
Introduction: This study presents a microfluidic tumor microenvironment (TME) model for evaluating the anti-metastatic efficacy of a novel thienopyrimidines analog with anti-cancer properties utilizing an existing commercial platform. (bvsalud.org)
In the tumor microenvironment, tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) display an array of phenotypes beyond the M1/M2 paradigm, ranging from antitumoral to immunosuppressive, proangiogenic, immunomodulatory and tissue-remodeling phenotypes ( 7 - 9 ). (frontiersin.org)
Another myeloid population in the tumor microenvironment (TME) are DCs, that originate from different precursors and display various phenotypes, ranging from immunosuppressive monocyte-derived DCs (Mo-DCs) to immunocompetent cDC1 and cDC2 subsets ( 22 ). (frontiersin.org)
γδ T cells recruited into the tumor microenvironment can act as effector cells to mediate cancer immune surveillance. (explorationpub.com)
Therefore, an in-depth understanding of γδ T cells that play conflicting roles in the tumor microenvironment is necessary. (explorationpub.com)
We hypothesized that antibiotic-induced dysbiosis of the gut microbiota would suppress cytokine profiles in the host, thereby leading to changes in the tumor microenvironment. (aacrjournals.org)
The immune status of the tumor microenvironment (TME) is known to be a key factor influencing the success or failure of cancer immunotherapy. (acir.org)
An immune cell in the tumor microenvironment that may be important for inhibiting the immune response against bladder cancer is the myeloid derived suppressor cell (MDSC). (iospress.com)
Methods We examined the immune microenvironment of colon cancer using assessments of the bulk transcriptome and the single-cell transcriptome focusing on molecular nature of microsatellite stability (MSS) and microsatellite instability (MSI) in colorectal cancer from a public database. (bmj.com)
Results Despite the hostile CD8 + cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL)/Th1 microenvironment in MSI colon cancer, a high percentage of exhausted CD8 + T cells and upregulated expression of immune checkpoints were identified in MSI colon cancer at the single-cell level, indicating the potential neutralizing effect of cytotoxic T-cell activity by exhausted T-cell status. (bmj.com)

In conclusion, within the MELOE family, IRES-dependent antigens represent the best T cell targets for immunotherapy of melanoma. (oncotarget.com)
In the field of cancer immunotherapy, the recently described effectiveness of checkpoint inhibitors such as anti-PD1 blocking antibodies to boost anti-tumor T cell responses is very encouraging [ 1 ]. (oncotarget.com)
However, a significant number of patients are non responders to these therapies and thus, there is still room for improvement using antigen-specific immunotherapy, whether through vaccination or through T cell transfer. (oncotarget.com)
Various immunotherapy tumor-targeting schemes. (technologynetworks.com)
His main scientific contributions in the last 10 years relate to antigen presentation in dendritic cells and immunotherapy. (euroacadti.eu)
Background Microsatellite instability in colon cancer implies favorable therapeutic outcomes after checkpoint blockade immunotherapy. (bmj.com)
The microsatellite status-related gene signature is better at predicting the prognosis of patients with colon cancer and response to the combination of immune checkpoint inhibitor-based immunotherapy and anti-VEGF therapy. (bmj.com)
Their role in antigen cross-presentation and cancer immunotherapy as well as initiators of immune response and targets of autoimmune attack was also reported. (eg.net)
Immunotherapy with dendritic cells and/or cytokine-induced killer cells for the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma. (aetna.com)
However, not all patients respond to immunotherapy, acquired resistance remains a challenge, and responses are poor in certain tumors which are considered to be immunologically cold. (biomedcentral.com)

Although the molecular mechanisms that regulate autophagy are not fully understood, recent work indicates that dysfunctional/impaired autophagic functions are associated with the development and progression of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), alcoholic fatty liver disease (AFLD), and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). (hindawi.com)
The absence of NFAT2 and Egr2 in carcinoma tissues reminded us that NFAT2 may be a promising therapeutic target for hepatocellular carcinoma treatment. (researchsquare.com)
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has become the leading cause of deaths that are caused by all cancers worldwide [1] and the incidence and mortality of HCC are increasing at a faster pace than other cancers, which trend will continue through at least 2030 in United States [2]. (researchsquare.com)

In the context of cancer, appropriately activated DCs can induce anti-tumor immunity by activating innate immune cells and tumor-specific lymphocytes that target cancer cells. (mdpi.com)
In addition, the results may help better elucidate the interplay between the immune system and chemotherapeutics and help determine the efficacy of anti-tumor strategies. (frontiersin.org)
Pre-clinical evidence suggests that MDSC suppress anti-tumor immune responses. (iospress.com)
As the patient could not tolerate anti‑tumor therapy, only symptomatic treatment was provided. (spandidos-publications.com)

In mouse models of melanoma, tumor growth can be transiently arrested via treatment with antibodies which block the interaction between PD-L1 and its receptor PD-1. (bioxcell.com)
MELOE-1 and MELOE-2, two highly specific melanoma antigens involved in T cell immunosurveillance are produced by IRES-dependent translation of the long « non coding » and polycistronic RNA, meloe . (oncotarget.com)
In this respect, we have previously identified two melanoma antigens, namely MELOE-1 and MELOE-2, that were recognized by tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL) from HLA-A0201+ patients who remained relapse-free following TIL transfer in an adjuvant setting [ 3 ]. (oncotarget.com)
On the host side, antibiotic-induced dysbiosis caused elongated small intestines and ceca, and B16-F10 melanoma and Lewis lung carcinoma progressed more quickly than in control mice. (aacrjournals.org)
In immunocompetent mice bearing B16F10 melanoma, CT26.WT colon carcinoma, or LLC lung carcinoma, intratumoral administration of Cont-VV induced some antitumor efficacy in all tested tumor models, along with infiltration by various immune cell subsets. (acir.org)
Chemoembolization (CE) for other indications including palliative treatment of liver metastases from other non-neuroendocrine primaries (e.g., breast cancer, cervical cancer, colon cancer, esophageal cancer, melanoma, rhabdomyosarcoma, or unknown primaries) and CE of the pancreas for pancreatic cancer. (aetna.com)

Angiogenesis, the growth of new blood vessels, occurs at different stages during embryonic development, physiological processes such as wound healing and reproduction, and numerous diseases, including inflammation, tumor progression, and metastasis [ 1 ]. (hindawi.com)
Importantly, during tumor progression, myeloid cells are implicated in promoting tumor angiogenesis, causing resistance against antiangiogenic therapies in cancer, and suppressing the immune response during cancer [ 3 - 5 ]. (hindawi.com)
In this review, we discuss how rudimentary defense mechanisms deployed by myeloid cells can promote tumor progression. (frontiersin.org)
Neutrophils also contribute to tumor progression, yet establishing the difference between PMN-MDSCs and tumor-associated neutrophils (TAN) remains challenging ( 11 , 15 , 16 ). (frontiersin.org)
He has delineated the function of these molecules in diverse set of biological processes including: 1) gut and kidney formation, 2) vascular permeability, 3) mucosal inflammatory disease, 4) stem cell homing and migration, and 5) epithelial tumor progression. (ubc.ca)
Mechanistic studies revealed that this progression was mediated by suppressed TNFα levels, both locally and systemically, resulting in reduced expression of tumor endothelial adhesion molecules, particularly intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) and a subsequent decrease in the number of activated and effector CD8 + T cells in the tumor. (aacrjournals.org)

Recently, the lab of Dr. P. Agostinis documented that immunogenic cell death mediated by ER stress can be harnessed to develop novel and clinically relevant, next-generation dendritic cell-based immunotherapies for brain tumors. (euroacadti.eu)
According to current challenges, there is a need to explore innovative immunotherapies, maximize the tumor-killing efficacy of γδ T cells, and attenuate or eliminate tumor immunosuppression. (explorationpub.com)
In this report, the biologic functions of MDSC are defined and evidence linking MDSC with the response to cancer immunotherapies in solid tumors are reviewed. (iospress.com)

CEA was first identified in 1965 by Phil Gold,a Canadian physician, scientist and professor and Samuel O. Freedman who is also a Canadian professor of immunology in human colon cancer tissue extracts. (wikipedia.org)
The same year he co-founded the Tumor Immunology Group at the Danish Cancer Society. (euroacadti.eu)

Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) describes a set of highly-related glycoproteins involved in cell adhesion. (wikipedia.org)
In humans, the carcinoembryonic antigen family consists of 29 genes, 18 of which are normally expressed. (wikipedia.org)
Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) is a glycoprotein involved in cell adhesion . (wikidoc.org)
Hammarstrom S. The carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) family: structures, suggested functions and expression in normal and malignant tissues. (wikidoc.org)

To this end, the researchers tested the antitumor efficacy of anti-PD-1 and anti-CTLA-4 in mice bearing contralateral CT26.WT tumors pretreated with either hIL-7/mIL-12-VV or a control. (acir.org)
Efficacy was dependent on the number of CD8+ T cells able to recognize tumor antigens that infiltrated the malignant tissue. (unav.edu)
Combining tumor-specific adoptive T cell therapy to the aCTLA-4/aPD1/rIL2 or aCTLA-4/aPD1/aCD137 reg-imens enhances efficacy in a synergistic manner. (unav.edu)

His research is focused on the mechanisms that regulate the immunological response of T lymphocytes, especially strategies to manipulate those responses in clinically relevant areas, including autoimmunity, allergies, vaccinations, and tumor therapy. (euroacadti.eu)

Myeloid cells promote tumor growth by stimulating tumor angiogenesis, suppressing tumor immunity, and promoting metastasis to distinct sites. (hindawi.com)
Indeed, the use of peptides for eliciting specific antitumor adaptive immunity is hindered by two main limitations: the efficient selection of the most optimal candidate peptides and the use of a highly immunogenic platform to combine with the peptides to induce effective tumor-specific adaptive immune responses. (elifesciences.org)
Matthew Albert is Director of Research INSERM and Head of the Laboratory of Dendritic Cell Immunobiology at the Institut Pasteur, Paris, leading a team in the area of dendritic cell immunobiology and tumor immunity. (euroacadti.eu)

The presence of TAMs in most solid tumors is correlated with poor prognosis and overall survival of patients ( 10 ). (frontiersin.org)
In addition to TAMs, solid tumors are also infiltrated by immunosuppressive, immature myeloid progenitor cells, commonly referred to as monocytic or polymorphonuclear myeloid-derived suppressor cells (M/PMN-MDSC) ( 11 - 13 ). (frontiersin.org)

Myeloid cells are a heterogeneous population of bone marrow-derived cells that play a critical role during growth and metastasis of malignant tumors. (hindawi.com)
They currently study angiogenesis and lymphatic vessels particularly in malignant tumors, focusing on the growth factor-receptor signaling and growth factor-mediated endothelial cell reprogramming. (euroacadti.eu)

More importantly, we show that MESF treatment leads to significant inhibition of tumor growth and a 3-fold increase in the life span of tumor bearing animals compared to untreated tumor mice. (nature.com)
Tumors on both sides showed higher levels of IFNγ compared to tumors treated with Cont-VV, and higher levels of PD-L1 expression compared to untreated control tumors. (acir.org)

Serum from individuals with colorectal carcinoma often has higher levels of CEA than healthy individuals (above approximately 2.5 µg/L). CEA measurement is mainly used as a tumor marker to monitor colorectal carcinoma treatment, to identify recurrences after surgical resection, for staging or to localize cancer spread through measurement of biological fluids. (wikipedia.org)
Elevated CEA levels should return to normal after successful surgical removal of the tumor and can be used in follow up, especially of colorectal cancers. (wikipedia.org)
[3] It was found that serum from individuals with colorectal, gastric, pancreatic, lung and breast carcinomas had higher levels of CEA than healthy individuals. (wikidoc.org)

For treatment of neuroendocrine cancers (i.e., carcinoid tumors and pancreatic endocrine tumors) involving the liver. (aetna.com)

Because antibodies that bind the 97- and 120-kd antigens do not recognize the 180-kd BPAg2, the former may express unique epitopes distinct from those of the parent protein. (medscape.com)
Taking advantage of the diverse γδ TCR repertoire or other ligand-receptor interactions, γδ T cells can recognize a broad spectrum of tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) in a major histocompatibility complex (MHC)-independent manner, thereby activating downstream pleiotropic effects. (explorationpub.com)
The so called B-cells have receptors that recognize foreign antigen, but the T-cells have similar receptors and are tied to both the innate and the adaptive immune response. (pharmaceuticalintelligence.com)
One is the ability to administer large numbers of highly selected cells with high avidity for tumor antigens that can recognize shared and patient-specific mutated (neo) antigens. (biomedcentral.com)

In adults, CEA is primarily expressed in cells of tumors (some malignant, some benign) but they are particularly associated with the adenocarcinomas, such as those arising in the colon, lung, breast, stomach, or pancreas. (wikipedia.org)
Furthermore, upregulation of PD-L1 by cancer cells results in cancer invasion and correlates with poor prognostic outcomes in breast, gastric, meningioma, non-small-cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) and soft-tissue sarcoma patients [9,26-29]. (studylib.net)
However, the lung tumor spread to the small intestine, causing intestinal obstruction. (spandidos-publications.com)
The opposite of immunosuppression is upregulation It is cental to recent advances in chemotherapy of melanolma, small cell carcinoma and NSCCL of lung, and treatment resistant prostate cancer. (pharmaceuticalintelligence.com)

CEA is elevated more in tumors with lymph node and distant metastasis than in organ-confined tumors and, thus, varies directly with tumor stage. (wikipedia.org)
This suggested that EPCs are able to differentiate into endothelial cells and that such cells are incorporated into sites of active angiogenesis including ischemia, tumor angiogenesis, and metastasis in adult organisms [ 16 , 17 ]. (hindawi.com)
Most significantly, they have found that VEGF-C over-expression leads to lymphangiogenesis, intralymphatic tumor growth and lymph node metastasis in several tumor models. (euroacadti.eu)

Engineered antibodies such as single-chain Fv antibodies (sFvs) or bispecific antibodies have been used for targeting and therapy of CEA expressing tumors both in vitro and in vivo with promising results Regions of high CEA levels in the body can be detected with the monoclonal antibody arcitumomab. (wikipedia.org)
The best-characterized antigen is a 97-kd protein extracted from human epidermis that binds IgA antibodies from sera of patients with linear IgA dermatosis. (medscape.com)
this antigen is recognized by circulating antibodies in some patients with linear IgA dermatosis, but it has not been further characterized. (medscape.com)
The end result of the immune reaction is the production of specific antibodies and antigen-reactive cells. (pharmaceuticalintelligence.com)

Here, we describe for the first time a streamlined pipeline for the generation of personalized cancer vaccines starting from the isolation and selection of the most immunogenic peptide candidates expressed on the tumor cells and ending in the generation of efficient therapeutic oncolytic cancer vaccines. (elifesciences.org)
These peptides were then tested in our previously described oncolytic cancer vaccine platform PeptiCRAd, a vaccine platform that combines an immunogenic oncolytic adenovirus (OAd) coated with tumor antigen peptides. (elifesciences.org)
Intratumoral delivery of hIL-7/mIL-12-VV induced CRs in mice bearing B16F10 or small CT26.WT tumors, and suppressed tumor growth in mice bearing poorly immunogenic TRAMP-C2 prostate adenocarcinoma or large CT26.WT tumors. (acir.org)

Consequently, it was shown by others that tumor cells also expressed MHC-I and presented short tumor-associated peptides to immune cells [6]. (studylib.net)

Additionally, PD-1 is known to play key roles in peripheral tolerance and prevention of autoimmune disease in mice as PD-1 knockout animals show dilated cardiomyopathy, splenomegaly, and loss of peripheral tolerance. (bioxcell.com)
When mice bearing LLC tumors were treated with hIL-7-VV, none showed complete responses (CRs), however, 1 out of 7 mice treated with mIL-12-VV alone showed a CR, and 4 out of 7 mice treated with both hIL-7-VV and mIL-12-VV showed CRs. (acir.org)
injected the virus into one side of mice bearing contralateral CT26.WT tumors. (acir.org)
Ultimately, injected tumors disappeared completely in 6 out of 6 treated mice, and contralateral tumors completely regressed in 3 out of 6 mice. (acir.org)
We show that treatment of the mice with a combination of anti-CTLA-4 + anti-PD1 mAbs results in partial clearance of the tumor with an improvement in survival. (unav.edu)
Photocarcinogenesis in hairless mice induced tumors harbors more UVA than UVB fingerprint by ultraviolet A tanning devices with or without mutations: A role for UVA in human skin car- subsequent solar-simulated ultraviolet irradia- cinogenesis. (who.int)

Tumors causing bowel obstruction produce higher CEA levels. (wikipedia.org)

Although tumor cells were first thought to drive the cellular events underpinning tumor angiogenesis and growth, considerable evidence has now emerged for the central role of tumor infiltrating myeloid cells such as monocytes, macrophages, and neutrophils in this phenomenon [ 8 - 12 ]. (hindawi.com)
However, these immunotherapeutic approaches are hampered by the tumor-promoting nature of myeloid cells, including monocytes, macrophages, and neutrophils. (frontiersin.org)
MHC-II was also found to be upregulated on M1 macrophages in the contralateral tumor, and CD11b + DCs from the spleen were found to be activated, indicating a systemic antitumor immune response. (acir.org)

Induced PD-L1 expression is common in many tumors including squamous cell carcinoma, colon adenocarcinoma, and breast adenocarcinoma. (bioxcell.com)

Ca(2+) and also the cell-surface calcium sensing receptor (CaSR) constitute the sunday paper and robust ligand/receptor system within controlling the expansion as well as distinction associated with colon epithelial tissues. (p38mapksignals.com)

Current treatment involves either administration of antiobesity drugs or surgical procedures such as Roux-en-Y-gastric bypass or sleeve gastrectomy, both of which are associated with serious side effects and poor patient acceptance. (bvsalud.org)

In a preliminary study it has been shown that phenolic antioxidants such as methyl 4- O -galloylchlorogenate and 4- O -galloylchlorogenic acid derived from Sapota fruits can induce cytotoxicity in colon cancer cells 23 . (nature.com)

If severe, biologic therapy is used to treat patients with severe Crohn's disease that does not respond to any other types of medication, such as a TNF (tumor necrosis factor) inhibitor which can have secondary effects, and they are not universally effective. (pharmaceuticalintelligence.com)

In this review, we discuss the role of myeloid cells in promoting tumor angiogenesis. (hindawi.com)
Despite the arsenal of defense strategies against foreign invaders, myeloid cells succumb to the instructions of an established tumor. (frontiersin.org)
Nevertheless, the majority of scientific discoveries points toward a more tumor-supporting role for myeloid cells in the TME. (frontiersin.org)

[email protected] ‡ Authors contributed equally Aim: Expression of PD-1 on T/B cells regulates peripheral tolerance and autoimmunity. (studylib.net)

Dendritic cells (DCs) are specialized antigen-presenting cells that have a notable role in the initiation and regulation of innate and adaptive immune responses. (mdpi.com)
RNA analysis revealed that the viral component of the treatment upregulated the innate immune pathway and the type I IFN pathway, while hIL-7 and mIL-12 production upregulated genes related to T cell function and antigen processing. (acir.org)

Ulcerative colitis is a chronic inflammatory disease of the colon that belongs to a group of diseases lumped together as Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD). (pharmaceuticalintelligence.com)
There is a distinction to be made between Crohn's disease, which may be limited to the small intestine (regional enteritis), the terminal ileum, or a portion of the transverse colon, and ulcerative colitis. (pharmaceuticalintelligence.com)

Success of conventional chemotherapeutic regiment is based on the principle that tumors with high growth fractions (such as acute myelogenous leukemia and the lymphomas, including Hodgkin's disease) are more sensitive to chemotherapy because a larger proportion of the targeted cells are undergoing cell division at any given time. (justia.com)
By making normal cells more resistant to chemotherapeutic agents, a patient's tolerance for cytotoxicity is improved, which, in turn, also improves the effectiveness of chemotherapy. (justia.com)

However, the serum levels are raised in some types of cancer, which means that it can be used as a tumor marker in clinical tests. (wikipedia.org)
However, the clinical application of tumor-infiltrating γδ T cells has certain limitations. (explorationpub.com)
GEO-CM04S1 for Immunocompromised Patients - GEO-CM04S1 is being studied in an ongoing Phase 2 clinical trial (NCT04977024) to evaluate its safety and immunogenicity, compared to the Pfizer/BioNTech mRNA-based vaccine, in patients who have previously received either an allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplant, an autologous hematopoietic cell transplant or chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapy. (geovax.com)
In clinical practice, a key challenge for generating TIL products is the accessibility, quantity, and quality of tumor tissue in the era of neo-adjuvant therapy. (biomedcentral.com)

In this context, there is a need for new predictive markers, beyond the tumor stage, to select what patients will benefit from an adjuvant treatment and to better tailor treatment schemes and schedules. (frontiersin.org)
Evaluation usually includes ultrasonography, CT or MRI, and measurement of tumor markers (eg, cancer antigen 125). (merckmanuals.com)

CEA was first identified in 1965 by Phil Gold and Samuel O. Freedman in human colon cancer tissue extracts. (wikidoc.org)

CEA are glycosyl phosphatidyl inositol (GPI) cell-surface-anchored glycoproteins whose specialized sialofucosylated glycoforms serve as functional colon carcinoma L-selectin and E-selectin ligands, which may be critical to the metastatic dissemination of colon carcinoma cells. (wikipedia.org)
PD-L1 overexpression results in increased resistance of tumor cells to CD8 T cell mediated lysis. (bioxcell.com)
In this respect, the choice of the targeted antigens remains a critical issue [ 2 ] and the ideal antigen(s) should have the following characteristics : be as tumor specific as possible and stimulate a broad T cell repertoire in the majority of patients (i.e. generate many epitopes in various HLA contexts). (oncotarget.com)
8000 peptide targets from the CT26 tumor cell line. (elifesciences.org)
In contrary, tumor cells have evolved immune escape mechanisms whereby overexpression of PD-L1 induces anergy and/or apoptosis of PD-1 positive T cells by interfering with T cell receptor signal transduction. (studylib.net)
The binding of T cells expressing PD-1 and tumor cells expressing PD-L1 initiates an array of inhibitory signals resulting in reduced function and/or apoptosis of T cells [8,11] providing a mechanism for tumor cell evasion of host's immune surveillance [12-14]. (studylib.net)
He has identified a number of different T-cell antigens including survivin, the Bcl-2 family and RhoC. (euroacadti.eu)
Moreover, increasing data have shown that peripheral T-cell tolerance is an essential property of the specific immune response to tumor cells. (biomedcentral.com)
It really is LY2109761 determined that initial of CaSR may enhance cancer of the colon cellular awareness to MMC and also 5-FU and will regulate the appearance involving compounds active in the cell phone responses to these cytotoxic drug treatments. (p38mapksignals.com)
Br J mous cell carcinoma of the skin. (who.int)

Pretreatment with hIL-7/mIL-12-VV alone or in combination with either anti-PD-1 or anti-CTLA-4 induced CRs in almost all injected tumors, and the addition of either anti-PD-1 or anti-CTLA-4 significantly increased the portion of CRs in uninjected tumors, suggesting that pretreatment with hIL-7/mIL-12-VV can sensitize uninjected tumors to checkpoint blockade. (acir.org)
There is also a need for rational combinations beyond interleukin (IL)-2 and programmed death (PD)-1/ cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated antigen (CTLA)-4 immune checkpoint blockade and to combat exhaustion and restore costimulatory functions, e.g., with gene-engineered or pharmacologic agent-treated TILs. (biomedcentral.com)

The latter is a tool previously developed by Jacopo, 2020, able to identify tumor antigens similar to pathogen antigens in order to exploit molecular mimicry and tumor pathogen cross-reactive T cells in cancer vaccine development. (elifesciences.org)

These observations stimulated an intensive search for the mechanisms regulating tumor angiogenesis. (hindawi.com)
However, tumor cells can evade host's immune surveillance using a number of protective mechanisms, including downregulation of MHC-I molecules, secretion of anti-inflammatory cytokines, in other words, TGF-β and IL-10, secretion of immunosuppressive factors, VEGF, upregulation of PD-L1 and downregulation of co-stimulatory molecules thereby preventing activation of T cells, resulting in cancer invasion. (studylib.net)
His laboratory is interested in the mechanisms involved in antigen presentation by DC, mainly related to cross presentation. (euroacadti.eu)
Additionally, induced co -expression of luciferase, EGFP, and the melanosomal antigen gp100 facilitates studies on the underlying immunological mechanisms. (unav.edu)

Upon mRNA intratumoral injections in the transplantable mouse cancer models CT26, MC38, and B16OVA, potent therapeutic effects were observed following repeated injections into the tumors. (unav.edu)

Strain susceptibility and resistance to 1,2-dimethylhydrazine-induced enteric tumors in germfree rats (40146). (cdc.gov)

Bicarbonate Increases Tumor pH and Inhibits Spontaneous Metastases. (kreftfri.no)

Immune cells abundantly infiltrate tumors, creating a complex environment mediated by repetitive cycles of antitumor responses and immune evasion ( 1 ). (frontiersin.org)

In 1971, Dr. Judah Folkman observed that neovascularization occurs around tumors and proposed that new blood vessel growth is necessary to supply nutrients and oxygen to tumor cells during exponential tumor growth [ 6 ]. (hindawi.com)
Specific growth factors, such as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), stimulate the proliferation and migration of naturally quiescent endothelial cells, resulting in the formation of new vessel structures during embryonic development and tumor growth [ 7 ]. (hindawi.com)
Paclitaxel (PTX) and a novel non-apoptotic agent TPH104c were introduced via the vascular channels and successfully reached the TNBC tumor, resulting in both time and concentration-dependent tumor growth inhibition. (bvsalud.org)

The past decade has seen the discovery and development of novel treatments that harness the patient's immune system and prevent immune escape due to increased understanding of the tumor immune environment. (biomedcentral.com)

At this point, a pathological diagnosis should be performed immediately to determine the nature and source of the tumor. (spandidos-publications.com)

Besides, administration of concentrated extracts of Morinda citrifolia in tumor containing animals increased the immune response of the animals with a concomitant reduction in tumor burden 7 . (nature.com)

Anatomy22

Organisms8

Diseases71

Chemicals and Drugs76

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment39

Phenomena and Processes42

Disciplines and Occupations1

Information Science4

Health Care8

Microenvironment14

Immunotherapy10

Hepatocellular carcinoma3

Anti-tumor4

Melanoma6

Progression6

Immunotherapies3

Immunology2

Carcinoembryonic4

Efficacy3

Lymphocytes1

Immunity3

Solid tumors2

Malignant tumors2

Compared to untreated2

Colorectal3

Pancreatic1

Recognize4

Lung4

Metastasis3

Antibodies4

Immunogenic3

Peptides1

Mice6

Bowel obstruction1

Macrophages3

Squamous1

Epithelial1

Gastric1

Induce1

Necrosis1

Myeloid cells3

Autoimmunity1

Innate2

Ulcerative2

Chemotherapy2

Clinical4

Markers2

Tissue1

Cell10

Checkpoint2

20201

Mechanisms4

Therapeutic1

Resistance1

Metastases1

Responses1

Growth3

Immune escape1

Diagnosis1

Extracts1