The memory system of the 'cortex - basal ganglia - thalamic loop' model suggests a need for the participation of the prefrontal lobe (PL) and basal ganglia (BG). (oatext.com)
We investigated differential characteristic of working memory and learning ability caused by a unilateral basal ganglia lesion (BGL) and a prefrontal lobe lesion (PLL) to provide a strategy for cognitive rehabilitation. (oatext.com)
This loop architecture, summarized in Figure 1 , provides important perspective for this entry on models of basal ganglia. (scholarpedia.org)
In the present entry, key features of the computational architecture of the loops through the basal ganglia are first described. (scholarpedia.org)
This entry focuses on the loops through the basal ganglia shown on the left side of Figure 1 . (scholarpedia.org)
Feedback loops5
Dual physicist and psychologist Shaw (1989) published an account speculating on the modelling of a series of feedback loops within the structure of the creative process following a series of in-depth interviews with 12 scientists concerning the use of cognitive and affective processes in the act of scientific creation. (scirp.org)
Using a sizable sample (n = 405) and recently developed software that enables bidirectional pathways to be modelled (M-Plus v6), this study examines the evidence for the existence of feedback loops within the creative process using structural equation modelling (SEM) procedures. (scirp.org)
Empirical evidence for both the classical stage model of creative problem solving and Shaw's feedback loops namely the Vinacke and Lalas loops, are presented and discussed. (scirp.org)
Of note was the speculation by Shaw of five feedback loops associated with the classical stage model of creative problem solving. (scirp.org)
Interview data was transcribed and coded according to six common features of complex dynamic systems: initial condition, unpredictability, nested structure, non-hierarchic networks, feedback loops, and self-organization (Kiss, 2012). (tesl-ej.org)
Affective1
Wallas, 1926 ) Shaw argued intuitively that the development of a unified model which provided additional information about both cognitive and affective components was strategically important to future understanding and teaching about creativity and the processes of scientific discovery. (scirp.org)
Neuroscience6
In this programmatic paper we explain why a radical embodied cognitive neuroscience is needed. (frontiersin.org)
We argue for such a claim based on problems that have arisen in cognitive neuroscience for the project of localizing function to specific brain structures. (frontiersin.org)
We therefore argue that instead of looking to cognitive psychology for an analysis of psychological functions, cognitive neuroscience should look to an ecological dynamical psychology. (frontiersin.org)
Our aim in this paper will be to argue that cognitive neuroscience should look to ecological dynamical psychology for an understanding of the psychological functions the brain performs. (frontiersin.org)
The classical approach to cognitive science encourages the following view of the division of labor between psychology and neuroscience. (frontiersin.org)
Cognitive neuroscience then seeks to determine how these cognitive operations are carried out by brain regions and networks of brain regions. (frontiersin.org)
Cerebellum4
Generally speaking, these inputs form relatively discrete channels that loop back to the same area of cerebral cortex from which they originated, a feature that is similar to the loops that form between the cerebellum and the cerebral cortex (Middleton and Strick 2000). (scholarpedia.org)
In this analysis we explored the effective connectivity of the cerebellum with the cerebrum in social mentalizing, across five studies (n = 91) involving abstract and complex forms of mentalizing, such as (a) person and group impression formation, based on behavioral descriptions, and (b) constructing personal counterfactual events. (vub.be)
The results revealed a significant pattern of bidirectional (closed-loop) connectivity linking the right posterior cerebellum with bilateral temporo-parietal junction (TPJ), associated with behavior understanding. (vub.be)
These connections are consistent with known anatomical data on closed loops between the cerebellum and cerebrum, although contralateral closed loops typically dominate. (vub.be)
Computational1
Moreover the conceptual tools these sciences offer are arguably better suited to explaining the complex, dynamical interactions between an animal and its environment than the standard computational tools of cognitive science. (frontiersin.org)
Processes3
Cognitive processes are likewise processes taking place in the whole living body of an organism as it engages with relevant possibilities for action. (frontiersin.org)
The classical conception of the human mind as working according to the same principles as a digital computer encourages us to think of the body and the environment as providing at best inputs to, and receiving outputs from cognitive processes ( Rupert, 2009 ). (frontiersin.org)
In so doing, Shaw was seeking to model a set of unified processes both cognitive and non-cognitive associated with the modelling of creative behaviour that could be generalized across individuals. (scirp.org)
Outputs1
The outputs of the two microscopic modules loop back to focal sites in cortex (not explicitly shown) via thalamic neurons T1 and T2. (scholarpedia.org)
Emotional1
A second aim of our paper is to develop an account of embodied cognition based on the inseparability of cognitive and emotional processing in the brain. (frontiersin.org)
Scientists1
It is "radical" in claiming that cognitive scientists need new conceptual tools if they are to understand the ways in which cognition depends on the body in its interaction with the environment. (frontiersin.org)
Structural1
Of course, given the structural instability R loops cause, they are hypothesized to have positive and negative effects on overall gene regulation and maintenance. (ucdavis.edu)
Transcription3
Activation of NFkB also increases NOX transcription, particularly gp91, creating a NOX-oxidation loop. (unc.edu)
Together these loops cause persistent NFkB transcription that alters the neurobiology of the brain. (unc.edu)
The Chedin lab at UC Davis proposes the theory that R loops prevent the methylation of transcription start sites, thereby promoting the transcription of certain genes [4]. (ucdavis.edu)
Functions2
The memory system is the basis of many higher cognitive functions including learning, language understanding, reasoning and judgment. (oatext.com)
Each of these loops functions as a macroscopic signal processing module, being comprised of thousands of microscopic loops. (scholarpedia.org)
Cortex2
Repeated exposure promotes loops that activate limbic anxiety and disrupt the frontal cortex leading to degeneration. (unc.edu)
Blue is used to signify the dual loop of cerebellar interaction, one loop though cerebellar nucleus and another through cerebellar cortex. (scholarpedia.org)
Structure4
This hybrid structure displaces one of the two DNA strands, creating the 'loop' structure. (ucdavis.edu)
3 stranded structure describing an R loop. (ucdavis.edu)
RNA strand, illustrated in blue, displaces the purple DNA strand, creating a loop structure. (ucdavis.edu)
These conclusions further support the idea that R loops interact more heavily with the structure of DNA, as opposed to the sequence. (ucdavis.edu)
Features1
features been in members are purified to induce only recommendations and download Your Brain on Latino Comics: From Gus Arriola to Los Bros Hernandez (Cognitive Approaches to. (evakoch.com)
Lingwood D, Ries J, Schwille download Your Brain on Latino Comics: From Gus Arriola to Los Bros Hernandez (Cognitive Approaches to Literature, Simons K. Plasma Euros are found for proteins1-14 of theory ResearchGate single-strand at NOTCH1 packaging. (evakoch.com)
Form3
Several studies have aimed to characterize where R loops form along the genome [3-5]. (ucdavis.edu)
Specifically, R loop formation may depend on the accessibility of the DNA strand itself, as researchers have shown that R loops tend to form in unmethylated CpG islands (regions of the genome, primarily near promoters, that contain a large number of "CG" dinucleotide repeats) [4]. (ucdavis.edu)
To understand where R loops form along a genome, we need a technology that captures this hybridization and allows us to map these regions back to a reference genome. (ucdavis.edu)
Task1
Working memory is a system that can store and process information of the current task in the process of solving cognitive tasks. (oatext.com)
Positive1
Crews and his laboratory discovered that these positive loops of activation of proinflammatory signals contribute to a slow, progressive degeneration that changes the brain and behavior. (unc.edu)
Multiple1
Crews found neuro-immune activation by infections and/or alcohol create signaling cascades that continue through multiple loops of self-sustaining activation (Fig. 1). (unc.edu)
Evidence1
This analysis improves on an earlier psychophysiological interaction analysis of this dataset, which had failed to reveal such evidence of closed loops. (vub.be)
Understand1
In order to further understand the purpose of R loops and their impact, one must first understand where they occur [2]. (ucdavis.edu)
Shown2
The architecture of just two of its microscopic loops is diagrammed and shown interacting with a reinforcement learning (RL) circuit. (scholarpedia.org)
The reciprocal excitatory thalamocortical loop that they project to is shown in green. (scholarpedia.org)
Brain2
The NFkB to chemokine to NFkB loop crosses various cell types in brain leading to persistent activation. (unc.edu)
The regulatory download Your Brain on Latino Comics: From Gus Arriola to Los Bros Hernandez (Cognitive Approaches to Literature and Culture) 2009 II hotspot partners mitotically act to the pain knowledge, where they are repaired by CD4+ particle pre-tRNAs for fatty oxidase( Berger & Roche 2009, Zhou & Blum 2004, Watts 2004, Landsverk et al. (evakoch.com)
System1
Enfolding, folding, unfolding, and entangling-in the solar system, where everything is revolving around everything else, the Baroque formation of life on earth is always already a work of art. (e-flux.com)
Memory2
And the BG is a major hub on the working memory loop. (oatext.com)
This indicated that unilateral BGL retained a degree of learning ability, and thus early cognitive training has the advantage of improving working memory and learning ability in patients with BGL. (oatext.com)