• Death Receptors and Cognate Ligands in Cancer. (wikipedia.org)
  • We also identify additional peptides for nine receptors with recognized ligands and pathophysiological roles. (ku.dk)
  • Signaling is induced through binding of five independent ligands, Delta-like ligands (DLL)-1, 3, 4 and Jagged (Jag)-1 and -2 ( Kopan and Ilagan, 2009 ), to four isoforms of cognate Notch receptors, Notch1 to Notch4, on surface of adjacent cells. (elifesciences.org)
  • The current studies provide novel insights into the pharmacology of GPR40 and indicate that G protein-coupled receptors which respond to fatty acids, and potentially to other lipid ligands, can be occupied by endogenous agonists before assay and that this may mask the pharmacology of the receptor and may be mistaken for high levels of constitutive activity. (aspetjournals.org)
  • Cultured lung fibroblasts expressed the chemokine receptors CXCR4 and CCR7 and responded chemotactically to their cognate ligands, stromal cell-derived factor-1α and secondary lymphoid chemokine, respectively. (jci.org)
  • Classically, HER family members function from the cell surface, where binding to cognate ligands can induce receptor homo- or hetero-dimerization with other HER family receptors [3] . (plos.org)
  • The HER2 receptor does not bind to any known ligands, however, its dimerization arm is innately positioned in an open conformation. (plos.org)
  • In general, Janus family tyrosine kinases (JAKs) bind to the intracellular components of cytokine receptors, and are, in turn, bound by STATs upon cytokine signaling. (medscape.com)
  • DLL-4, in turn, instigated neighbouring platelets to switch to 'activated' phenotype through cleavage of Notch receptor and release of its intracellular domain (NICD), which was averted by inhibition of γ-secretase and phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K). (elifesciences.org)
  • Heterotrimeric G proteins, comprising α, β and γ subunits, respond to extracellular signals generated by activated seven-transmembrane (7TM) receptors by modulating intracellular effector proteins such as enzymes and ion channels. (sigmaaldrich.com)
  • The release of Ca 2+ from intracellular stores through the inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor (InsP 3 R) occurs in both excitable and nonexcitable cells. (jneurosci.org)
  • Our goal is to understand the contribution of the intracellular Ca 2+ release channel, the InsP 3 receptor (InsP 3 R), in the development and function of neural circuitry. (jneurosci.org)
  • The peptidergic system is the most abundant network of ligand-receptor-mediated signaling in humans. (ku.dk)
  • T cells within a certain range of high avidity for their cognate ligand are believed to be most effective. (mdc-berlin.de)
  • Identification of a damage-associated molecular pattern (DAMP) receptor and its cognate peptide ligand in sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas). (mpg.de)
  • A single ligand occupied receptor is able to activate several G protein molecules during the lifetime of a single αGTP complex. (sigmaaldrich.com)
  • To determine the binding contributions of the individual components of the IL-13 receptor to IL-13, we have employed surface plasmon resonance and equilibrium binding assays to investigate the ligand binding characteristics of shIL-13R?1, shIL-13R?2, and IL-4R? (soton.ac.uk)
  • Bidirectional induction of the cognate receptor-ligand α4-VCAM-1 pair defines a novel mechanism of tumor intravasation. (southernbiotech.com)
  • Interleukin-6 and TNF-á were significantly reduced in BAL fluid, and the autocrine/paracrine EGFR ligand amphiregulin, TNF-á, and the murine IL-8 cognate CXCL1 were decreased in whole-lung homogenates from Erlo-treated mice. (cdc.gov)
  • Infiltration, accumulation, and survival of chimeric antigen receptor T (CAR-T) cells in solid tumors is crucial for tumor clearance. (nature.com)
  • T cells that encounter their specific cognate MHC-presented antigen will bind and proliferate, leading to an immune response. (biorxiv.org)
  • The different activity levels of the PD-1 DIFFL components, as a function of the cognate antigen levels and the given inflammation context, manifest themselves in phenotypically distinct outcomes. (ebi.ac.uk)
  • iii) at the same time, virus-specific cells adapt to strong stimulation by their cognate antigen by lowering the transiently-elevated expression of PD-1, remaining functional and mobile in the inflamed lung, while the infection is cleared. (ebi.ac.uk)
  • When cytokines bind to their cognate receptor, JAKs phosphorylate the cytokine receptor and subsequently the STATs, which then dissociate from the JAK-receptor complex. (medscape.com)
  • Lactoferrin that was not bound to its cognate receptor was able to bind and neutralize lipopolysaccharide. (springer.com)
  • At this time, there are five members within the IL-17 receptor family, and these are termed IL-17 RA, B, C, D and E. Not all receptors appear to bind known members of the IL-17 cytokine family. (rndsystems.com)
  • FSH regulates ovarian granulosa and testicular Sertoli cell function by binding to its cognate receptor (FSHR), a member of the G protein-coupled receptor family. (wichita.edu)
  • However, the physiological roles remain elusive for numerous peptides and more than 100 G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs). (ku.dk)
  • The human IL-17 RB protein sequence is only 19.2% identical to the human IL-17 R sequence, but the two receptors share many conserved cysteine residues within their extracellular domains as well as additional conserved elements within their cytoplasmic domains. (rndsystems.com)
  • Inhibiting this protein resulted in the desired increased expression of the estrogen receptor. (unibas.ch)
  • We showed that V harveyi had two autoinducers, two cognate receptors, and a protein linking the two systems. (shawprize.org)
  • Our initial idea was to induce estrogen receptor expression in order to convert triple-negative breast cancer into estrogen-receptor positive breast cancer because of more effective treatment options available for this subtype," says the study's lead author Dr. Milica Vulin. (unibas.ch)
  • Nuclear localized HER family receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) have been observed in primary tumor specimens and cancer cell lines for nearly two decades. (plos.org)
  • The ErbB/HER family of receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) consists of four family members: the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR/ErbB1), HER2 (ErbB2/Neu), HER3 (ErbB3), and HER4 (ErbB4). (plos.org)
  • The cognate receptors activated by some of these cytokines have been identified (1). (rndsystems.com)
  • Interleukin-17 B Receptor (IL-17 RB), also known as IL-17Rh1, IL-17ER and EVI27, represents the second receptor of the IL-17 family of cytokines to be recognized (2-4). (rndsystems.com)
  • Here we report the pairing of cognate peptides and receptors. (ku.dk)
  • To develop new therapeutics, understanding the interactions between the orexin peptides and their cognate receptors is crucial. (helsinki.fi)
  • Receptors may discriminate between splice variants, and splice variants may differ in their ability to regulate effector functions. (sigmaaldrich.com)
  • Although a few reports exist showing that a given receptor may require a specific β or γ subunit within the heterotrimer for effector stimulation, it is not known which αβγ combinations exist in vivo , likewise the factors governing their selective assembly are also not known. (sigmaaldrich.com)
  • and OPG (osteoprotegerin), a soluble "decoy" receptor for RANKL. (endotext.org)
  • Protection was blocked by the coapplication of a soluble Epo receptor (sEpoR) or an antibody against EpoR (anti-EpoR). (jneurosci.org)
  • Ciona vasopressin family peptide (CiVP) directly upregulated the phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (CiErk1/2) via its receptor. (elifesciences.org)
  • To our knowledge, this represents the first structure of an antibiotic bound to its cognate transporter. (rcsb.org)
  • Membrane-bound HER receptors activate numerous tumor promoting signaling cascades via this mechanism, including the PI3K/AKT, Ras/Raf/Mek/Erk, PLCγ/PKC, and signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) pathways [1] , [2] . (plos.org)
  • While the classical membrane-bound functions of HER family RTKs have been extensively studied, accumulating data suggest that these receptors can be found in the cell's nucleus where they can function as co-transcriptional activators [4] , [5] . (plos.org)
  • A particle acording to claim 11 , wherein the protease cleavage site becomes accessible after the heterologous polypeptide has bound to its cognate receptor on the eukaryotic cell. (sumobrain.com)
  • Osteoclasts can tightly attach to the bone matrix by integrin receptors to form a sealing zone, within which is a sequestered, acidified compartment. (medscape.com)
  • The lymphocyte Peyer's patch adhesion molecule (LPAM-1), also known as integrin α 4 β 7 , is a member of the integrin family of cell surface receptors. (southernbiotech.com)
  • Results from additional functional connectivity and neural pathway tracing analyses implicate the nucleus accumbens as a putative downstream target of vHP MCH1 receptor-expressing neurons. (nature.com)
  • We also visualized the conservation of interaction networks in the orexin 2 receptor binding site by building homology models of the putative orexin receptor of Ciona intestinalis and the allatotropin receptor of Manduca sexta. (helsinki.fi)
  • The current study aimed to map the putative transactivation domains (TADs) of the HER3 receptor. (plos.org)
  • Antibodies elicited by infection accumulate somatic mutations in germinal centers that can increase affinity for cognate antigens. (nih.gov)
  • A particle according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the heterologous polypeptide has specific binding affinity for a cognate receptor on die surface of an eukaryotic cell, binding to which does not allow infection of the cell by the viral particle. (sumobrain.com)
  • Three additional type I transmembrane receptors with homology to IL-17 R have been reported, increasing the number of the IL-17 R family members to five (5, 6). (rndsystems.com)
  • Multiple signaling cascades are activated when TGFβ binds to its cognate receptor. (molvis.org)
  • Detailed kinetic analyses of the binding properties of the heteromeric complexes suggested a sequential mechanism for the binding of IL-13 to its signaling receptor, in which IL-13 first binds to IL-13R?1 and this then recruits IL-4? (soton.ac.uk)
  • Sera from individuals vaccinated with the 2010-2011 influenza trivalent vaccines were analyzed for their binding to the HA1 panel and hemagglutination inhibition (HI) activity against influenza viruses with cognate mutations. (cdc.gov)
  • It signals via its cognate receptor, a complex of IL-13 receptor ?1 chain (IL-13R?1) with IL-4R? (soton.ac.uk)
  • In the normal breast, cells that express the estrogen receptor are mature specialized breast cells and do not proliferate. (unibas.ch)
  • In contrast, in a fraction of breast cancers cells that express the estrogen receptor proliferate significantly. (unibas.ch)
  • In addition to OPG, the stimulation of osteoclastic bone resorption by RANKL is opposed by activation of the gamma interferon receptor (INFR) by gamma interferon (INF) production by activated lymphocytes and by the peptide hormone, calcitonin. (endotext.org)
  • [ 8 , 9 ] STAT3 is one of 7 human STAT (signal transducer and activator of transcription) proteins, which are critical second messengers for many cytokine, hormone, and growth factor receptors. (medscape.com)
  • The hormone estrogen acts as a signaling molecule in cells by binding to its cognate receptor, the estrogen receptor, thereby inducing a range of biological effects. (unibas.ch)
  • Inhibition of EGF receptor signaling decreases agricultur al dust-mediated lung inflammatory responses in vivo and in vitro. (cdc.gov)
  • EPO activates the neuronal EPO receptor and, subsequently, JAK-2 and thereby PI3K. (jneurosci.org)
  • Here, we identify structurally conserved regions at the predicted binding site and conserved residues of the orexin-A peptide by comparing orexin 2 receptor sequences from nine diverse species as well as with insect allatotropin receptor, a distant relative, and orexin-A sequences from 10 different species. (helsinki.fi)
  • This process leads to the activation of each receptors' tyrosine kinase and the subsequent phosphorylation of tyrosine residues located on their C-terminal tails. (plos.org)
  • T cell receptor (TCR) transfer experiments indicate that a major part of avidity is hardwired within the structure of the TCR. (mdc-berlin.de)
  • The T-cell repertoire derives this high diversity through somatic recombination of the T-cell receptor (TCR) locus, a random process that results in repertoires that are largely private to each individual. (biorxiv.org)
  • The vast diversity of possible T-cell receptors (TCR) is generated by the random recombination of genes in the third complimentary determining regions (CDR3) within a TCR's α and β chains. (biorxiv.org)
  • The role that T cell receptor (TCR) activation and feedback loops play in the underlying processes are also highlighted and discussed. (ebi.ac.uk)
  • BOSTON--( BUSINESS WIRE )-- JURA Bio , a biotechnology company developing immune-based therapeutics using machine learning and synthetic biology, announced today a research collaboration with Syena, a cell therapy product company and subsidiary of Replay, a genome writing company, to develop T cell receptor (TCR) based therapies. (businesswire.com)
  • A particle according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the heterologous polypeptide sterically hinders binding of d e viral glycoprotein to its cognate receptor on the eukaryotic cell. (sumobrain.com)
  • also known as IL-17 RL and IL-17 Rhom) is an 85‑110 kDa member of the IL-17 receptor family. (rndsystems.com)
  • Pertussis toxin (PTX, produced by Bordetella pertussis ) irreversibly inactivates most members of the Gα i family by uncoupling them from their cognate receptors. (sigmaaldrich.com)
  • Brand TM, Iida M, Luthar N, Wleklinski MJ, Starr MM, Wheeler DL (2013) Mapping C-Terminal Transactivation Domains of the Nuclear HER Family Receptor Tyrosine Kinase HER3. (plos.org)
  • These breast cancers are called estrogen receptor-positive breast cancers and comprise about 75% of all breast cancer cases. (unibas.ch)
  • The human immune system is a powerful source of safe and effective immune receptors, and while one patient might lack a TCR necessary to fight cancer, it may be present in another. (businesswire.com)
  • The orexin system is an important regulator of the sleep/wake cycle, and small molecule agonists of the orexin receptors could be beneficial for patients suffering from type 1 narcolepsy. (helsinki.fi)
  • Upon receptor activation GDP is exchanged for GTP, followed by α-subunit dissociation from βγ or alternatively their molecular rearrangement to form active αGTP and βγ complexes. (sigmaaldrich.com)
  • Extracts of dust collected from swine confinement facilities (hogbarn dust extract, HDE) are potent inducers of inflammatory changes in the lung, and have been shown to exert their harmful effects in part through EGF receptor activation. (cdc.gov)
  • Conclusions: EGF receptor activation and signaling play an important role in mediating the inflammatory consequences of environmental insults in the lung, and they may be a target for the suppression of an exaggerated inflammatory response. (cdc.gov)
  • Receptor binding properties, pH thresholds for HA activation, in vitro replication in human respiratory tract cells, and in vivo mammalian pathogenicity and transmissibility were investigated. (cdc.gov)
  • We analyzed 6 independent groups of clonally related severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) Spike receptor-binding domain (RBD)-specific antibodies from 5 individuals shortly after infection and later in convalescence to determine the impact of maturation over months. (nih.gov)
  • We analyzed the kinetics of FSH/FSH receptor complex endocytosis using 125I-hFSH21, 125I-hFSH24 glycoform tracers and recombinant hFSHRexpressing Chinese Hamster Ovarian (CHO) cells as a model system. (wichita.edu)
  • No difference in endocytic rate was observed for hypo-glycosylated hFSH/FSH receptor complex and fully-glycosylated hFSH/FSH receptor complex. (wichita.edu)
  • However, a greater endocytic rate for both hypo-glycosylated hFSH/FSH receptor complex and fully-glycosylated hFSH/FSH receptor complex was observed when we use a non-steroidal allosteric modulator 9032A. (wichita.edu)
  • Andrews, Allison-Lynn , Holloway, John W. , Puddicombe, Sarah M. , Holgate, Stephen T. and Davies, Donna E. (2002) Kinetic analysis of the interleukin-13 receptor complex. (soton.ac.uk)
  • We hypothesized that HDE-induced lung inflammation would be attenuated by disruption of EGF receptor signaling. (cdc.gov)
  • In prokaryotes, PBPs function as receptors for ATP-binding cassette or tripartite ATP-independent transporters and chemotaxis systems. (rcsb.org)
  • By leveraging machine learning to rewrite the gene synthesis process from the ground up, we can produce extraordinarily high-quality immune receptors libraries to discover and train probabilistic machine learning models to ensure a faster development process that identifies TCRs recognizing the most challenging therapeutic targets. (businesswire.com)